Electrostatics

One Mark Questions:

1) Write the S.I unit of charge.

2) What is capacity?
3) Define S.I unit of charge.
4) State coulomb’s law.
5) What is an electric dipole?
6) Write the S.I unit of electric field.
7) How does the electrostatic force b/w two point charges change, when a dielectric medium is introduced b/w them?
8) What is an equipotential surface?
9) What is capacity?
Two Mark Questions:

1) State and explain coulomb’s law in a electrostatics.

2) Establish the relation between electric field and electric potential.
3) Write coulomb’s law in vector farm. Explain the terms.
4) Write any two properties of electric field lines.
5) Write two properties of electric field lines.
6) State and explain Gauss’s law in electrostatics.
7) Mention any two factors on which the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor depends.
8) Sketch the electric lines of force due to a point charge q. If (i) q <o and (ii) q>o.
9) On what factors do the capacitance of parallel plate capacitors depends?
Three Mark Questions:

1) Derive the expression for potential energy of a system of two-charges in the absence of the external electric field.
2) Mention any three properties of electric charges.
3) Derive the expression for capacitance of parallel plate capacitor.
4) Derive the relation b/w electric field and electric potential due to a point charge.
5) Derive the expression for energy stored in a charged capacitor.
6) Give nay three properties of electric field lines.
7) Obtain the expression for effective capacitance of two capacitors connected in series.
8) Derive an expression for potential energy of electric dipole placed in a uniform electric field.
Five Mark Questions:

1) Using Gauss’s law in electrostatics, obtain the expression for electric field due to a uniformly charged thin spherical
shell at a point i) Outside the shell and ii) inside the shell.
2) Derive on expression for electric field due to on electric dipole at a point on the axial line.
3) Derive an expression for electric field at a point outside the uniformly charged spherical shell placed in vacuum
using Gauss law.
4) Derive an expression for electric field due to electric dipole at a point on an equatorial line.
5) State Gauss’s law in electrostatics. Derive the expression for electric field at a point due to a infinitely long charged
straight conductor using Gauss’s law.
Numerical:

1) In a parallel plate capacitor with air between the plates, each plate has area of 6×10-3m2 and the distance between
the plates is 3mm. Calculate the capacitance of the capacitor. If this capacitor is connected to a 100 V supply, what
is the charge on each plate of the capacitor? [Absolute permittivity of free space = 8.85×10-12FM-1]
2) Two point charges +1 nC and -4 nC are 1 m apart in air. Find the positions along the line joining the two charges at
which resultant potential is zero.
3) ABCD is a square of side 2 m. Charges of 5 nC, + 10 nC and -5nC are placed at corners A, B and C respectively. What
is the work done in transferring a charge of 5μC from D to the point of intersection of the diagonals?
4) When two capacitors are connected in series and connected across 4 kV line, the energy stored in the system is 8J.
The same capacitor, if connected in parallel across the same line, the energy stored is 36J. Find the individual
capacitances.
5) Charges 2μC, 4μC and 6μC are placed at the three corners A, B and C respectively of a square ABCD of side x metre.
Find the charge must be placed at the fourth corner so that the total potential at the centre of the square is zero.
6) Two point charges QA=3μC and qB=3μC are located 20 cm apart in vacuum.
(a) What is the electric field at the mid point O of the line AB joining the two charges?
(b) If a negative test charge of magnitude 1.5×10-9 C is placed at this point. What is the force experienced by the test
charge?
7) In a parallel plate capacitor with air between the plates, each plate has an area 8×10-3m2 and distance between the
plates is 2mm. Calculate the capacitance of the capacitor. If this capacitor is connected to a 50 V supply, what is the
charge on each plate of the capacitor? (Absolute permittivity of free space=8.85×10-12 Fm-1).
8) The plates of a parallel plate capacitor have an area of 100 cm2 each and are separated by 3mm. The capacitor is
charged by connecting it to a 400V supply.
a) Calculate the electrostatic energy stored in the capacitor.
b) If a dielectric of dielectric constant 2.5 is introduced between the plates of the capacitor, then find the electrostatic
energy stored and also change in the energy stored.

Current Electricity
One Mark Questions:

1) Define mobility of electron.

2) Define drift velocity of electrons.
3) A resistor is marked with colours red, orange and gold. Write the value of its resistance.
4) What is the condition for the balanced state of Wheatstone’s network?
5) A charged particle enters on electric field in the direction of electric field. What is the nature of the path traced by
it?
6) State Kirchhoff’s junction rule.
7) State Ohm’s law.
8) Define electrical resistivity of material of a conductor.
Two Mark Questions:

1) Draw Wheatstone’s bridge circuit and write the condition for its balance.
2) Mention two limitations of ohm’s law.
3) Define mobility. Mention its SI unit.
4) What is Ohmic device? Give one example.
5) State Kirchhoff’s laws of electrical network.
6) Represent graphically the variation of resistivity with absolute temperature for copper and nichrome metals.
7) Write the expression for drift velocity in terms of current, explain the terms used.
Three Mark Questions:

1) Derive an expression for drift velocity of free electrons in a conductor.

2) Arrive at an expression for drift velocity.
3) Derive the relation J=⃗σE with terms have usual meaning.
Five Mark Questions:

1) Two cells of emf E1 and E2 and internal resistance r1 and r2 are connected in parallel such that they send current is
some direction. Derive on expression for equivalent resistance and equivalent emf of the combination.
ne2 τ
2) Derive σ = where the symbols have their usual meaning.
m
3) Deduce the condition for balance of a wheat stone’s bridge using Kirchhoff’s rules.
4) With the help of a circuit diagram, obtain the expression for equivalent resistance of two resistors connected in
parallel.
5) Derive the condition for balance of Wheatstone Bridge using Kirchhoff’s laws.
6) What is equivalent resistance? Derive the expression for effective resistance of two resistors connected in parallel.
ne2 r
7) Assuming the expression for drift velocity, derive the expression for conductivity of a material σ = . Where
m
symbols have usual meaning. Define the term mobility.
Numerical:
1. A battery of internal resistance 3Ω is connected to 20 Ω resistor and potential difference across the resister is
10V. If another resistor of 30Ω is connected in series with the first resistor and battery is
again connected to the combination, calculate the e.m.f and terminal potential
difference across the combination.
2. A Network of resistors is connected to a 12 battery as shown in figure.
(a) Calculate the equivalent resistance of the network.
(b) Obtain current in 12 Ω and 6Ω resistors.
3. Two cells of emf 2 V and 4 V and internal resistance 1Ω and 2Ω respectively are connected in parallel so as to
send the current in the same direction through an external resistance of 10Ω. Find the potential difference
across 10Ω resistor.
4. Two identical cells either in series or in parallel combination, gives the same current of 0.5A through external
resistance of 4Ω. Find emf and internal resistance of each cell.
5. A wire having length 2.0 m, diameter 1.0 mm and resistivity 1.963×10-8Ωm is connected in series with a battery
of emf 3V and internal resistance 1Ω. Calculate the resistance of the wire and current in the circuit.
6. Three resistors of resistances 2Ω, 3Ω and 4Ω are combined in series. What is the total resistance of the
combination?
If this combination is connected to a battery of emf 10 V and negligible internal resistance, obtain the potential
drop across each resistor.
7. Three resistors 4Ω, 6Ω and 8Ω are combined in parallel. What is the total resistance of the combination?
If the combination is connected to a battery of emf 25 V and negligible Internal resistance. Determine the
current through each resistor and total current drawn from the battery.
8. 100 mg mass of nichrome metal is drawn into a wire of area of cross-section 0.05mm 2, Calculate the resistance
of this wire. Given the density of nichrome 8.4×103 kgm-3 and resistivity of the material as 1.2×10-6Ωm.
9. In the given circuit diagram, calculate:
(i) The main current through the circuit and
(ii) Also current through 9Ω resistor.

Moving Charges and Magnetism

One Mark Questions:

1) What is the nature of force b/w two parallel conductors carrying current in same direction?
2) What is the nature of force b/w parallel conductors carrying current in same direction?
3) State Ampere’s circuital law.
4) When will the magnetic force on a moving charge be maximum in a magnetic field?
5) What is Lorentz force?
6) Define current sensitivity of a galvanometer.
→
7) Write the expression for force experienced by a straight conductor of length l carrying a steady current I, moving in
→
a uniform external magnetic field B.
8) Write the expression for force acting on a moving charge in a magnetic field.
9) What is a Cyclotron?
10) Give an application of Cyclotron.
Two Mark Questions:

1) Write any two uses of Cyclotron.

2) Write any two properties of magnetic field lines.
3) What is a toroid? Mention an expression for magnetic field at a point inside a toroid?
4) A galvanometer having a coil of resistance 12Ω gives full scale deflection for a current of 4mA. How can it be
converted into a voltmeter of range of to 24V?
5) Write the expression for cyclotron frequency and explain the terms.
6) State Ampere’s circuital law and represent it mathematically.
Three Mark Questions:

1) Write three uses of Cyclotron.

2) Give an expression for force acting on a charge moving in magnetic field and explain the symbols. When does the
force become maximum?
3) Explain with circuit diagram how to convert galvanometer into an ammeter.
4) State Ampere’s circuital law. Using it, derive the expression for magnetic field at a point due to a long current
carrying conductor.
5) Explain the circuit diagram how to convert galvanometer into a voltmeter.
6) State Ampere’s circuital law and arrive at the expression for the magnetic field near a straight infinite current
carrying wire.
7) Write the expressions for force per unit b/w two straight parallel current carrying conductors of infinite length.
Hence define SI unit of current ‘ampere’.
Five Mark Questions:

1) Obtain the expression for the force between two infinitely long straight parallel conductors carrying current. Hence
define “ampere” the SI unit of electric current.
2) Derive the expression for the magnetic field on the axis of a circular current loop. Using Biot-Savart’s law.

Magnetism and Matter

One Mark Questions:

1) Draw the pattern of magnetic field lines for a bar magnet.

2) What is magnetic declination?
3) State curie’s law.
4) Define magnetization of a sample.
5) Where on the Earth’s surface is the magnetic dip zero?
6) State Curie’s law in magnetism.
7) What is ‘retentivity’ in magnetism?
8) Where on the earth’s surface is the magnetic dip zero?
9) What is magnetic susceptibility?
Two Mark Questions:

1) What is magnetic susceptibility? For which material is it low and positive?

2) Write two properties of magnetic lines of force.
3) Distinguish between diamagnetism and ferromagnetism on the basis of relative permeability and susceptibility.
4) Draw the variation of magnetic field (B) with magnetic intensity (H) when a ferromagnetic material is subjected to a
cycle of magnetization.
5) Distinguish between paramagnetic and ferromagnetic substances.
6) Define the terms (i) Declination (ii) Inclination or Dip.
7) Write any two differences b/w diamagnetic and paramagnetic substances.
8) Define magnetic ‘declination’ and ‘dip’ at a place.
9) Write the expression for magnetic potential energy of a magnetic dipole kept in a uniform magnetic field and
explain the terms.
10) Define magnetic ‘dip’ and ‘declination’ at a place.
11) State and explain ‘Curie’s law’ in magnetism.
Three Mark Questions:

1) What are (i) magnetic declination (ii) magnetic dip (iii) Horizontal component of earths magnetic field at a place?
2) Write three differences between diamagnetic and paramagnetic substances.
3) Define (a) Magnetic declination (b) Magnetic dip mention the S.I unit of magnetization.
4) Write three properties of ferromagnetic materials.
5) State and explain Gauss law in magnetism.
6) What is hysteresis? Define the terms ‘Coeritivity’ and ‘retentivity’ of a ferromagnetic material.
7) Write any three differences b/w diamagnetic and paramagnetic materials.
8) Distinguish b/w ‘dia’ and ‘ferro’ magnetic materials.
Five Mark Questions:

1) Write any five properties of ferromagnetic materials.

2) Write any four properties of ferromagnetic materials and give an example for it.
3) Show that a current carrying solenoid is equivalent to a bar magnet.

Electromagnetic Induction
One mark Questions:

1) Give the expression for energy stored in an inductance cell carrying current.
2) State Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction.
3) Mention the significance of Lenz’s law.
4) What is self induction?
5) State Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction.
6) What is the significance of Lenz’s law?
7) State Faraday’s law of electro -magnetic induction.
8) State ‘Lenz’s law in electromagnetic induction.
9) How the self inductance of a coil depends on number of turns in the coil?
10) What is motional electromotive force?
Two Mark Questions:

1) Mention any two-advantages of eddy current in practical applications.

2) What are eddy currents? Give one use of it.
3) Current in a coil falls from 2.5A to 0.0A in 0.1 second inducing an emf of 200v. Calculate the value of self
inductance.
4) What are eddy currents? Give one use of eddy currents.
5) The current in a coil of self inductance 5mtl changes from 2.5A to 2.0A in 0.01 second calculate the value of self
induced emf.
6) What is meant by self inductance and mutual inductance?
7) State and explain Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction.
8) The magnetic flux linked with a coil varies or ∅=3t2+4t+9. Find the magnitude of the emf induced at t=25.
9) Mention any two factors on which the self inductance of a coil depends.
Three Mark Questions:

1) State and explain Lenz’s law for induced e.m.f?

2) Derive an expression for electromotive force (motion emf) induced in a rod moving perpendicular to the uniform
magnetic acid.
3) Derive the expression for motional EMF induced in a conductor moving in a uniform magnetic field.
4) Derive the expression for energy stored in a current carrying coil.
5) Explain briefly the coil and magnet experiment to demonstrate electromagnetic induction.
6) Derive the expression for motional emf induced in a conductor moving in a uniform magnetic field.
7) Derive the expression for motional emf induced in a conductor moving in a uniform magnetic field.
8) Mention any three applications of eddy currents.
9) Describe the coil and bar magnet experiment to demonstrate the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction.
Numerical:

1) A circular coil of radius 10 cm and 25 turns is rotated about its vertical diameter with an angular speed of 40 rad S -1,
in a uniform horizontal magnetic field of magnitude 5×10-2T. Calculate the emf induced in the coil. Also find the
current in the coil if the resistance of the coil is 15Ω.
Alternating Currents
One Mark Questions:

2) How is r.m.s voltage of a.c related to peak value of a.c voltage?

3) Write the relation connecting rms value and peak valve of alternating current.
4) Mention the value of power factor of a pure capacitor.
5) If the peak value of a.c current is 4.24A, what is its root mean square value?
6) Mention one power loss in transformer.
7) Write the condition for ‘resonance’ of series LCR circuit.
8) What is ‘wattless’ current?
Three Mark Questions:

1) Explain the construction of transformer. Mention its principle.

2) Derive an expression for resorant frequency of series circuit containing inductor, capacitor and resistor.
3) Show that voltage leads current when Ac voltage applied to pure inductance.
4) What is the principle behind the working of a transformer? Mention any two sources of energy loss in transformer.
5) With a diagram, explain the working of a transformer.
6) What is transformer? Mention two sources of energy loss in a transformer.
7) Mention the three types of energy loss in a transformer.
Five Mark Questions:

1. Derive an expression for the impedance of a series LCR circuit, When an AC voltage is applied to it.
2. Calculate resonant frequency and Q-factor of a series L-C-R circuit containing a pure inductor of inductance 3H,
capacitor of capacitance 27 μF and resistor of resistance 7.4Ω.
3. A pure inductor of 25 mH is connected to a source of 220 V and 50 Hz. Find the inductive reactance, rms value of
current and peak current in the circuit.
4. A sinusoidal voltage of peak value 283 V and frequency 50 Hz is applied to a series LCR circuit in which R=3Ω,
L=25.48 mH and C=786μF. Then find:
(a) Impendence of the circuit, (b) The phase difference between the voltage across the source and the current
(b) The power factor.
5. A resistor of 100Ω, a pure inductance coil of L=0.5 H and capacitor are in series in a circuit containing an a.c source
of 200 V, 50 Hz. In the circuit, current is ahead of the voltage by 30 0. Find the value of the capacitance.
6. Calculate the resonant frequency and Q-factor (Quality factor) of a series L-C-R circuit containing a pure inductor of
inductance 4H, capacitor of capacitance 27 μF and resistor of resistance 8.4Ω.
7. An inductor and a bulb are connected in series to an AC source of 220 V, 50 Hz. A current of 11 A flows in the circuit
π
and phase angle between voltage and current is radians. Calculate the impedance and inductance of the circuit.
4
8. A source of alternating emf of 220 V-50 Hz is connected in series with a resistsance of 200 Ω an inductance of 100
mH and a capacitance of 30 μF. Does the current lead or lag the voltage and by what angle?
9. A sinusoidal voltage of peak value 285 V is applied to a series LCR circuit in which resistor of resistance 5Ω, pure
Inductor of inductance 28.5 mH and capacitor of capacitance 800μF are connected.
a) Find the resonant frequency.
b) Calculate the impedance, current and power dissipated at the resonance.
10. A 20Ω resistor, 1.5 H inductor and 35μF capacitor are connected in series with a 220 V, 50 Hz ac supply. Calculate
the impedance of the circuit and also find the current through the circuit.
Electromagnetic Waves
11. One Mark Questions:
12. Write an expression for the displacement current.
13. Give the wavelength range of x-rays.
14. Define displacement current.
15. Write one application of microwave.
Two Mark Questions:

1. Who predicted the existence of electromagnetic waves? Give the wavelength range of electromagnetic spectrum.
2. Give any two uses of microwaves.
3. Mention two application of infrared radiation.
4. What is displacement current? Write The expression for displacement current.
5. What are electromagnetic waves? Write the expression for the velocity of electromagnetic waves in terms of
permittivity and magnetic permeability of free space.
6. Write Maxwell’s equation for the speed of electromagnetic waves and explain the terms.
7. Give any two applications of x-rays.
8. Give any two applications of ultraviolent radiation.
9. Write the expression for speed of light interms of “M o” and “∈o” explain the terms used.
Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
One Mark Questions:
1. Which type of lens is used to correct myopia (Short Sightedness)?
2. How does the power of a lens vary with its focal length?
3. What is the nature of the lens used to rectify Myopia?
4. How does the power of a lens vary with its focal length?
5. How the power of a lens is related to its focal length?
6. Two lenses of power +1.50 and -0.50 are kept in contact on their principal axis. What is the effective power of the
combination?
7. A blue ray of light enters an optically denser medium from air. What happens to its frequency in denser medium?
8. For which position of the object magnification of convex lens is -1?
Two Mark Questions:

1. State laws of refraction.

2. Draw the ray diagram of image formation in case of compound microscope.
3. Write the two conditions for total internal reflection to takes place.
4. What is myopia? How it is corrected?
5. Name the type of lens which is used to correct (i) Myopia (ii) Hyper metropia
6. What is ‘Myopia’? How to rectify it?
7. Write the ray diagram for formation of image in the simple microscope.
Three Mark Questions:

1. Mention three applications of total internal reflection of light.

2. Define critical angle. Write two conditions for total internal reflection.
3. What is total internal reflection? Mention two application of optical fibres.
4. Derive the expression for effective focal length.
Five Mark Questions:

1) Derive lens marker’s formula.

2) Derive the expression for refractive index of the material of the prism in terms of angle of the prism and angle of
minimum deviation.
3) Derive an expression for equivalent focal length of two thin lenses kept in contact.
Numerical:

1) Two lenses of focal lengths 0.20m and 0.30m are kept in contact. Find the focal length of the combination. Calculate
powers of two lenses and combination.
2) The radii of curvature of two surfaces of a convex lens are 0.2 m and 0.22 m. Find the focal length of the lens if
refractive index of the material of lens is 1.5. Also find the change in focal length, if it is immersed in water of
refractive index 1.33.
Wave Optics
One Mark Questions:

1) What is wavefront of light waves?

2) How can the resolving power of a telescope be increased?
3) Write the formula for Malus Law?
4) For which angle of incidence reflected ray is completely polarized?
Two Mark Questions:

1) Explain ‘Malus law’ for Polaroid.

2) Mention two applications of polaroids.
3) Write the relation between the path difference and wavelength of light wave used for constructive and destructive
interference of light.
4) What is polarization of light? Name any one method of producing plane polarized light.
5) What is diffraction of light?
Three Mark Questions:

1) Write the expression for limit of resolution (a) microscope and (b) telescope. Write one method of increasing the
resolving power of microscope.
2) Explain young’s double slit-experiment.
3) What is interference? Write the condition for path difference in case of constructive and destructive interference.
4) Mention any three applications of Polaroid.
5) Write any three differences b/w interference and diffraction.
6) Arrive at Snell’s law of refraction, using Huygen’s principle for refraction of a plane wave.
Five Mark Questions:

1) Derive the expression for the fringe width of interference pattern in Young’s double - slit experiment.
2) Obtain the expression for fringe width in the case of interference of light waves.
3) Derive an expression for fringe width in case of Young’s double slit experiment.
Numerical:

1) In a Young’s double slit experiment distance between the slits is 1 mm. The fringe width is found to be 0.6 mm.
When the screen is moved through a distance of 0.25 m away from the plane of the slit, the fringe width becomes
0.75 mm. Find the wavelength of light used.
2) A beam of light consisting of two wavelengths 4200 A and 5600 A is used to obtain interference fringes in Young’s
double slit experiment. The distance between the slits is 0.3 mm and the distance between the slits and the screen
is 1.5 m. Compute the least distance of the point from the central maximum, where the bright fringes due to both
the wavelengths coincide.
3) In Young’s double slit experiment, fringes of certain width are produced on the screen kept at a certain distance
from the slits. When the screen is moved away from the slits by 0.1 m, fringe width increases by 6 ×10-5 m. The
separation between the slits is 1mm. Calculate the wavelength of the light used.
4) In Young’s double slit experiment while using a source of light of wavelength 4500 Ȧ , the fringe width is 5 mm. If
the distance between the screen and the plane of the slits is reduced to half, what should be the wavelength of
light to get fringe width 4mm?
5) Light of wave length 6000 Å is used to obtain interference fringes of width 6 mm in a Young’s double slit
experiment. Calculate the wave length of light required to obtain fringe of width 4 mm when the distance between
the screen and slits is reduced to half of its initial value.
6) In Young’s double slit experiment distance between the slits is 0.5 mm. When the screen is kept at a distance of 100
cm form the slits, the distance of ninth Bright fringe from the centre of the fringe system is 8.835 mm. Find the
wavelength of light used.
7) In Young’s double slit experiment the slits are separated by 0.28 mm and the screen is placed at a distance of 1.4m
away from the slits. The distance between the central bright fringe and the fifth dark fringe is measured to be 1.35
cm. Calculate the wavelength of the light used. Also find the fringe width if the screen is moved 0.4 m towards the
slits, for the same experimental set up.
Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation
One Mark Questions:

1) What is the conclusion of Davison and Germer experiment on the nature of electron?
2) Write the expression for de-Broglie wavelength of a particle.
3) What is the conclusion of Davisson-Germer experiment on the nature of electron?
4) Mention any one type of electron emission.
Two Mark Questions:

1) Write any two types of electron emission.

2) Define (i) photoelectric work function (ii) electron volt (equivalent).
3) What are De-Broglie waves? How does the De-Broglic wavelength vary with momentum of moving particle?
4) Draw the diagram representing the schematic arrangement of Geiger-Marsden experimental set up for the alpha
particle scattering.
5) Calculate de Broglie wavelength associated with an electron moving with a speed of 2×105 MS-1, Given h=6.625×10-
34
JS9 me=9.11×10-31kg.
6) Write the expression for de-Broglie wave length of electrons in terms of electric potential and explain the terms
used.
Three Mark Questions:

1) Give three characteristics of photon.

2) What are matter waves? Write the expression for de-Broglie wavelength of a particle and explain the terms.
3) Write any three experimental observations of photoelectric effect.
4) Define the terms. (a) Threshold frequency, (b) Work function and (c) Stopping potential.
5) Write any three experimental observations of photoelectric effect.
Five Mark Questions:

1) Write the experimental observations of photo electric effect.

2) Write Einstein’s equation of photoelectric effect. Give Einstein’s explanation of photoelectric effect.
3) The work function of caesium metal is 2.14 eV. When light of frequency 6×1014 Hz is incident on the metal surface,
photoemission of electrons occurs.
Find: (a) Energy of incident photons. (b) Maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons.
4) Given Planks constant = h = 6.63×10-34Js, 1 eV=1.6×10-19 J
5) Light of frequency 8.41×1014 Hz is incident on a metal surface. Electrons with their maximum speed of 7.5×105 ms-1
are ejected from the surface. Calculate the threshold frequency for photo emission of electrons. Also find the work
function of the metal in electron volt (eV). Given Planck’s constant h=6.625×10-34 JS and mass of the electron
9.1×10-31 Kg.
Atoms
One Mark Questions:

Name the spectral series of hydrogen which lies in the ultraviolent region of electromagnetic spectrum.

Name the spectral series of hydrogen atom in the visible region of electromagnetic spectrum.

Write the expression for energy of an electron in electron orbit of hydrogen atom.

Three Mark Questions:

1) By assuming Bohr’s postulates device an expression for radius of n th orbit of electron, revolving around the nucleus
of hydrogen atom.
2) Write the three postulates of Bohr’s atomic model.
Five Mark Questions:

1) Write three postulates of Bohr. Mention two limitations Bohr model.

2) Derive an expression for total energy of an electron in stationary state of hydrogen atom.
3) Calculate the shortest and longest wavelengths of Balmer series of hydrogen atom. Given R=1.097×107 m-1.
4) The first member of the Balmer series of hydrogen atom has wavelength of 6563Å. Calculate the wavelength and
frequency of the second member of the same series. Given: C=3×108 ms-1.
Nuclei
One Mark Questions:

1) State the radioactive decay law.

2) What are isotopes?
3) Define specific binding energy.
4) Write the S.I unit of radio activity.
5) In the following nuclear reaction, identify the particle x, n→p+e-+x.
6) What is the ratio of the nuclear densities of two nuclei having mass numbers in the ratio 1:3?
7) Define half life of a radioactive sample.
8) The decay of proton to neutron is possible only inside the nucleus. Why?
238
9) 92U undergoes ∝-decay giving rise to thorium. What is the mass number of the daughter nuclide?
10) Write the relation between Half-Life and Mean-Life of radio- active element.
Two and Three Mark Questions:

What are isotopes and isobars?

Write any two characteristics of nuclear forces.

State any three features of nuclear force.

Define half life period of a radioactive sample. Arrive at the relation between half life and decay constant.

Write three characteristics of nuclear force.

Derive the expression for the half-life of a radio -active nuclide.

Five Mark Questions:

1) State radioactive decay law. Derive N=Noe-⋋t for a radioactive element.

2) Calculate the binding energy and binding energy per nucleon (in MeV) of nitrogen nucleus (147 N ) from the
following data:
a. Mass of proton = 1.00783 u, Mass of neutron = 1.00867 u, Mass of nitrogen nucleus = 14.00307 u

3) Determine the mass of Na 22 which has an activity of 5 mCi. Half life of Na 22 is 2.6 years. Avagadro number =
6.023×1023 atoms.
4) Calculate the half life and mean life of Radium - 226 of activity 1Ci: Given the mass of Radium - 226 is 1 gram and
226 gram of radium consists of 6.023×1023 atoms.
5) The activity of a radioactive substance is 4700 per minute. Five minute later the activity is 2700 per minute. Find
(a) decay constant and (b) half-life of the radioactive substance.
6) Calculate the Binding energy and binding energy per nucleon of an oxygen nucleus (168 O ) using the following Data
(Me V):
a. Mass of proton = 1.007825 u, Mass of neutron = 1.003665 u, Mass of oxygen nucleus = 15.995 u
6) The half life of a radioactive sample 38Sr90 is 28 years. Calculate the rate of disintegration of 15 mg of this isotope.
Given Avogadro number = 6.023×1023

Semiconductors
One Mark Questions:

1) Write the truth table of logic OR gate.

2) Mention any one application of Light Emitting Diode (LED).
3) Write the symbol (circuit) of AND gate.
4) Inputs of NAND gates are A=1, B=0. What is the output?
5) Draw the circuit symbol of p.n.p transistor.
6) Define current amplification factor in a common-emitter mode of transistor.
7) Write the truth table of NAND gate.
8) Give the circuit symbol of AND-gate.
9) Write any one advantage of light emitting diode.
10) What is ‘depletion region’ in a semi conductor diode?
Two Mark Questions:

1) What is photo diode? Mention its one use.

2) What are intrinsic semiconductors? Name the element used as a dopant to obtain p-type semiconductor.
3) Write the logic symbol and truth table of NAND gate.
4) What is NAND gate? Give its logic symbol.
5) Write any two advantage of Light Emitting Diode (LED) over conventional in candescent law power lamps.
6) Distinguish between n-type and p-type semiconductors.
Three Mark Questions:
1) How is Zener diode used as voltage regulator?
2) Give any three differences between n-type and p-type semiconductors.
3) Distinguish b/w conductor and semiconductor on the basis of band theory of solids.
4) Define input resistance, output resistance and current amplification factor of a transistor.
5) What is an amplifier? Draw the simple circuit of transistor amplifier in CE Mode.
6) Explain the use of Zener diode as a voltage regulator.
7) Explain ‘Conduction band’ valence bond’ and ‘Energy gap’ in semi conductors.
Five Mark Questions:

1) Describe with suitable block diagrams, action of pn-junction diode under forward and reverse bias condition. Also
draw I-V characteristics.
2) What is a rectifier? With suitable circuit describe the action of a full wave rectifier by drawing input and output
wave forms.
3) What is amplification? With a circuit diagram, explain the working of npn transistor as an amplifier in CE
configuration.
4) Explain the formation of energy bonds in solids. On the basis of energy bands distinguish b/w a conductor, a
semiconductor and an isolator.
5) Explain the working of p-n junction diode as a full wave rectifier with circuit diagram. Give input and output wave
forms.
6) Write a neat circuit diagram, explain the working of on npn transistor in CE mode as an amplifier with input and
output wave form.
7) What is rectification? with relevant circuit diagram and wave forms, explain the working of p-n junction diode as a
full wave rectifier.
Communication System
One Mark Questions:

1) Give the bandwidth of TV signal for transmission.

2) Give an expression for range of an antenna in terms of its height from ground.
3) What is Amplification?
4) What is attenuation in communication system?
5) What is modulation?
6) Why sky wave propagation is not possible for waves having frequency more than 30 MHz?
7) What is transducer in communication system?
8) What is attenuation in communication system?
Two or Three Mark Questions:

1) Why there is need for modulation?

2) Draw the block diagram of AM receiver.
3) Draw a block diagram of generalized communication system.
4) Mention the types of transmission media.
5) What is the function of ‘receiver’ in communication system? Draw the block diagram of AM receiver.
6) What is modulation? Write the block the diagram of the receiver. Production of amplitude modulated wave.