d and f block elements

1 mark questions
Q1. Write the most stable oxidation state of Mn.
Q2. Name the transition metals which do not show the variable oxidation state in their compounds.
Q3. Which is more stable Cu+ or Cu2+and why?
Q4. What is the effect of increasing pH on potassium dichromate solution?
Q5. What is Bayer reagent?
Q6. Name the lanthanide element which exhibits as +4 oxidation state.
Q7. Why is highest oxidation state of a metal exhibited in its oxide or fluoride only?
Q8. Why is actinoid contraction greater from element to element than lanthanoid contraction?
Q9. Name the elements of lanthanoids series which exhibit +2 oxidation states.
Q10. What are coinage metals?
Q11. Which is the hardest Lanthanoid? Give the reason.
Q12. Write the two uses of potassium dichromate.
Q13. Why does the hardness of lanthanoids increases along the series?
Q14. Why potassium permanganate solution is used to clean surgical instruments in hospitals?
Q15. Give acidic, basic and amphoteric oxides of Chromium.
Q16. Why is K2Cr2O7 preferred over Na2Cr2O7 in volumetric analysis?
Q17. A little acid is always added in the preparation of ferrous ammonium sulphate solution?
Q18. Why KMnO4 is kept in dark bottles?
Q19. Why is third ionization energy of Mn unexpectedly high?
Q20. Why osmium forms +8 oxidation state compounds with oxygen but no such compound with fluorine.
Q21. Why Ce4+ is used as strong oxidising agent?
Q22. Steel and cast iron are harder than pure iron. Why?
Q23. The first ionization energies of 5 d – elements are higher than those of the 3d and 4d elements. Why?
2 Marks: Short Answer Type
Q1. Draw the structures of CrO 2– and Cr O 2–
4 2 7
Q2. Distinguish between Lanthanoids and Actinoids
. Q3. Calculate the magnetic moment of Cr2+.
Q4. Why do transition metals form complexes?
Q5. Why do transition metals act as catalysts?
Q6. Define the lanthanide contraction.
Q7. What are interstitial compounds? Why are such compounds well known for transition metals?
Q8. Account the followings:
(a) Co (II) is stable in aqueous solution but in presence of strong ligands and in air, it gets oxidize to Co (III).
(b) Among the lanthanides, Ce (III) can be easily oxidized to Ce (IV). (Atomic no. of Ce = 58.,Co=27 )
Q9. Account for the following:
(a) Zirconium and hafnium exhibit almost similar properties.
(b) Zinc salts are white while cupric salt are coloured.
Q10. Why is Cr2+ reducing and Mn3+ oxidizing when both have d4 configuration?
Q11. La(OH)2 is stronger base than Lu(OH)2. Why?
Q12. How is the variability in the oxidation states of transition metals different from that of the non- transition
metals? Illustrate with examples
Q13. Why the melting points of 5d series elements first increase and then decrease?
3 Marks: Short Answer Type
Q1. Give the reactions:
(a) An alkaline solution of KMnO4 reacts with iodide
(b) KMnO4 reacts with oxalate ions in acidic medium
(c) MnO2 is fused with KOH in air
Q2. Complete the followings reactions: (a) Cr2O72– + 14H+ + 6e → ……+ 7H2O
(b) CrO 2-+ H+↔ ……………
4
(c) MnO4– + H2O + 3e ↔………+ 4OH–
Q3. Describe the gradation in the following physio-chemical properties of transition metals:
(a) Atomic radii (b) Metallic character (c) Stability of higher oxidation state
3 Marks: Short Answer Type
Q1. A well known orange crystalline compound (A) when burnt impart violet colour to flame. (A) on treating
(B) and conc. H2SO4 gives red colour gas (C) which gives red yellow solution (D) with alkaline water. (D) on
treating with acetic acid and lead acetate gives yellow precipitate (E). (B) Sublimes on heating. Also on heating
(B) with NaOH gas (F) is formed which gives white fumes with HCl. Identify the conversion (A) to (F).
Q2. For M2+/M and M3+/M2+ system the E o values for some metals are as follows:
Cr2+/Cr = –0.9V Cr3+/Cr2+= –0.4 V
Mn2+/Mn = –1.2V Mn3+/Mn2+ = + 1.5V
Fe2+/Fe = –0.4V Fe3+/Fe2+ = + 0.8V
Use the data to comments upon: (a) The stability of Fe3+ in acid solution as compared to that of Cr3+ or Mn3+.
(b) The ease with which iron can be oxidized as compared to the similar process for either chromium or
manganese metal.
5 Marks: Long Answer Type
Q1. (a) Write the electronic configuration of Cr3+, Cu+, Mn2+, Ce4+. (Atomic number of Cr, Cu, Mn, and Ce
are 24, 29, 25 and 58 respectively)
(b) Write the electronic configuration of element with atomic number 102.
(c) Write the structures of MnO42– and MnO4–.
Q2. Account the following:
(a) Transition elements have high boiling points and high enthalpy of atomization.
(b) Zn, Cd, Hg are normally not regarded as transition elements.
(c) A transition metal generally forms alloys with other transition metals.
(d) Ni2+ compounds are thermodynamically more stable than Pt2+ compounds.
(e) Only transition metals are known to form carbonyls.
Q3. Describe the preparation of potassium dichromate from iron chromite ore. What is the effect of increasing
and decreasing pH of the solution of potassium dichromate?
Q4. Describe the preparation of potassium permanganate. How does the acidified permanganate solutionreact
with (i) Fe (II) ions (ii) H2S gas (iii) oxalic acid?
Previous Year Questions 2 Marks
Q1. On the basis of standard electrode potential value stated for acid solution, predict whether Ti4+ species
may be used to oxidise Fe2+ to Fe3 Ti4+ + e → Ti3+ Eo = + 0.01V Fe3+ + e → Fe2+Eo= + 0.77v
[CBSE 2007]
Q2. Explain the following observations: [CBSE 2010]
Transition elements generally form coloured compounds
Zinc is not regarded as a transition element.
5 Marks – Long Answer Type
Q1. Assign reasons for the following: [CBSE 2008]
The enthalpies of atomization of transition elements are high.
The transition metals and many of their compounds act as good catalyst. [CBSE 2010]
From element to element the actinoids contraction is greater than the lanthnoids contraction.
The Eovalue for the Mn3+/ Mn2+couple is much more positive than that for Cr3+/ Cr2+.
Scandium (z=21) does not exhibit variable oxidation states and yet it is regarded as a transition element.
Q2. (a) complete the following chemical reactions:
(i) MnO – + C O 2– + H+ → …………………..
4 2 4
(ii) Cr O 2– + Fe2+ +H+ → ………………………..
2 7
(b) Explain the following observations:
(i) There is in general an increase in density of element from titanium (z = 22) to copper (z = 29). [CBSE 2010]
(ii) There occurs much more frequent metal-metal bonding in compounds heavy transition elements.
(iii) The members in the actinoids series exhibit a large number of oxidation states than the corresponding
members in the lanthanide series
Q3. (a) Complete the following chemical reactions: [CBSE 2009]
(i) MnO4– + S2O32– + H2O →
(ii) Cr2O72– + H2S + H+ →
(b) Explain the following observations:
(i) With the same d- orbital configuration (d4) Cr2+ ion is a reducing agent but Mn3+ ion is an oxidising agent.
(ii) Transition elements are known to form many interstitial compounds
(iii) The actinoids exhibit a greater range of oxidation states than the lanthnoids.
These questions are frequently asked in the Board Examination from the topics/ sub-topics, of this chapter.
Q1. Which is more stable Cu+ or Cu2+ and why?
Q2. What is the effect of increasing pH on potassium dichromate solution?
Q3. Why is highest oxidation state of a metal exhibited in its oxide or fluoride only?
Q4 Why is actinoids contraction greater from element to element than lanthnoids contraction?
Q5. What are coinage metals?
Q7. Give acidic, basic and amphoteric oxides of Chromium.
Q8. Why is K2Cr2O7 preferred over Na2Cr2O7 in volumetric analysis?
Q9. Give the reactions: (a) An alkaline solution of KMnO4 reacts with iodide (b) KMnO4 reacts with oxalate
ions in acidic medium (c) MnO2 is fused with KOH in air
Q10. La(OH)2 is stronger base than Lu(OH)2. Why?
Q12. Account the following:
(a) Transition elements have high boiling points and high enthalpy of atomization.
(b) Zn, Cd, Hg are normally not regarded as transition elements.
(c) A transition metal generally forms alloys with other transition metals.
(d) Ni2+ compounds are thermodynamically more stable than Pt2+ compounds.
(e) Only transition metals are known to form carbonyls.
Q13. Complete the following chemical reactions: (i) MnO4– + S2O32– + H2O → (ii) Cr2O72– + H2S + H+ →
HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills) questions.
Q1. What is the equivalent weight of KMnO4 in following cases? (a) Acidic Medium (b) Neutral Medium (c)
In alkaline Medium
Q2. In the titration of Fe2+ ions with KMnO4 in acidic medium, dil. H2SO4 is used and not dil. HCl. Why?
Q3. Why is copper sulphate pentahydrate coloured?
Q4. CrO3 is an acid anhydride, Give the reason.
Q5. Draw the structure of CrO5.
Q6. K2PtCl6 is well known compound whereas corresponding compound of Ni is not known. Why?