Raymundo Luis B.
Bandarlipe Module 1
BTLED – Industrial Arts Prelim
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY (GE 7)
Lesson 1: Scientific and Technological Literacy
Activity1:
Copy and answer the following questions.
1. How do scientific and technological development affects the society and environment?
Science and technology have had a major impact on society, and their effects are
growing. By drastically changing our means of communication, the way we work, our
housing, clothes, and food, our methods of transportation, and, indeed, even the length
and quality of life itself, science has generated changes in the moral values and basic
philosophies of mankind.
2. Why is science and technology is important in our everyday life?
In this modern world, we need technology to overcome our needs in our daily life. At
this era of pandemic named COVID 19, we need our science (scientist) to build or study
medicine to cure this disease. By means of technology, it is important to have proper
equipment to do this medicines to cure COVID 19.
3. What are some questions about technology?
Are they reliable to people?
Are they safe to human?
Are they easy to use?
How they (technology) helps on our daily life?
Are they budget friendly?
4. What can you say about science, technology and society?
Well for me, Science and Technology gives importance to our life. By giving our daily
needs like clothing, transportation, food also. Also by means of technology we can call,
text or chat our loves ones who’s far away from us. Technology build cellphones,
computer, and other accessories that we can use to do task we need. Science in the
other hand, also giving major affect in our community by developing medicines to cure
some illness and to help our society to be healthy and strong.
Lesson 2: What are the Processes of Science and Technology
Activity 2:
Copy and answer the following questions.
1. What are the main steps of the scientific method?
Asking Questions - Identifying the problem
This involves asking questions based on the inference made to identify the
problem related to the observation; an investigation usually begins with an
observation of a phenomenon. To make their observations, scientists use their
own senses, instruments that enhance those senses and instruments that tap
characteristics quite different from what humans can sense. Scientists observe
passively and actively probe the world.
Formulating A Hypothesis
A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon. Normally, it is a
general statement about the relationship between the manipulated variable
and a responding variable in order to explain the questions ask.
Identifying and Controlling Variables
A variable is a factor that affects other factors in an experiment. In a scientific
investigation, we need to identify all related variables. This step is to test the
consistency in the experiment and to relate the manipulated variable to the
responding variable.
Designing and Conducting the Experiment
Always keep in mind that the main purpose of the experiment is to test the
hypothesis. Decide how to carry out the experiment, including determine the
material apparatus, experiment set ups and the procedures to take. The
experiment tests whether your hypothesis is true or false. It is important for the
experiment to be a fair test.
Analyzing and Interpreting Data
After collecting the data, you will need to analyze the results of the experiment.
The results can be presented in various forms, such as a table, graph or chart.
Making a Conclusion
Drawing conclusions based on the observations and results. And stating
whether the hypothesis is true or false.
2. How are scientific questions formed?
Basically scientific question form when there are problems.
Example:
In our current situations, in the era of this COVID19, many questions are form.
By how to cure this disease, how to lessen the infections to spread in our society and
community, and how to prevent close intact to one who have this virus. How to provide
proper medicine to cure or lessen the spreading of the virus. And that’s how scientific
questions are formed.
Practices/Activities:
A. Instruction: Copy and answer the following questions.
1. What can you say about science and technology in society?
Science and Technology gives us the ability to lessen our daily task by means of the
newly invented technology like laptops and smartphones. That gives us the ability to
continue our schooling despite there’s a pandemic called COVID19. It also helps us
(science) to have information about the virus and how to prevent and cure it.
2. What is the role of society in science and technology?
The role of society in science and technology is to implement innovations to
technologies and practicing science to implement modern need to our community.
3. How is science and technology related answers?
It is giving more reliable source to technology and innovation to improves the life of
people and giving us health benefits to lessen illness to our body.
4. Why do you think the society readily accepts the benefits of science and technology?
It is by cooping the newly and modernize technology and gives improvement to the lives
of people and the society.
B. Identification: Instruction: Write the correct answer.
1. Is the application of scientific theories, laws, concepts and principles.
Technology
2. Is a systematized body of knowledge based on nature and the facts of life.
Science
3. The study of plants.
Botany
4. Explore the study of relationship between matter and energy.
Physics
5. Deals with the study of the Earth and its rocks, oceans, volcanoes, earthquakes, atmosphere and
other features.
Earth Science
6. The study of animals.
Zoology
7. Deals with the study of matter.
Physical Science
8. Explore what substances are made of and how they change and combine.
Chemistry
9. Is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon.
Generalization and Theories, Science
10. Is a factor that affects other factors in an experiment.
Variable
11. The factors that are kept constant throughout and experiment.
Fixed Variable
12. The factor that is purposely changed in an experiment.
Manipulated Variable
13. The factor that changes with the manipulated variable.
Responding Variable
14. Are statements generally accepted to be true, universal and absolute.
Scientific Law
15. Is an “observed regularity in events or objects.”
Scientific Concept
16. Are developed to explain concepts or other observed regularities, these are proven by
hypothesis.
Theories
17. Identify what theory that molecules are in motion and the rate of motion varies with
temperature.
Kinetic Molecular Theory
18. Identify what theory that the outer shell of the earth consists of several moving plates on which
the oceans and continents lie.
Theory of Plate Tectonics
19. Identify what theory that living things are made of cells.
Cellular theory of life
20. Identify what theory that species adapt to their environments and those that are most fit
survive.
Theory of Evolution
Research Activity:
Search for a scientific experiment, and identify how the scientific method was applied in each step.
The Exploding Coke and Mentos
Asking Questions - Identifying the problem
Have you ever seen the Diet Coke and Mentos experiment that is all over the
Internet and wondered what makes the reaction work? You might think that there is
some ingredient in a Mentos candy that causes a chemical reaction with the soda pop,
like the way baking soda reacts with vinegar. But the amazing eruption that takes place
when Mentos are dropped into Diet Coke or other brands of diet soda pop is not a
chemical reaction at all! Instead it is a physical reaction. That means that all of the
pieces of the reaction are there, but that they are simply rearranged. It also means
changing some factors may cause a larger or smaller physical reaction to take place.
Formulating a Hypothesis
A carbonated beverage is packed full of dissolved carbon dioxide gas, which forms
bonds with water. While the soda is in the bottle, the gas is kept in solution by the
bottle's pressurized conditions. When you pour some soda into a glass, some gas
escapes and forms foam, but most stays trapped by the surface tension of the water.
But all those gas bubbles want to escape, making it no wonder that soda makes you
burp!
Identifying and Controlling Variables
To create bubbles, the carbon dioxide needs to interact with itself, which means that
the carbon dioxide's bonds with water in the Diet Coke must be broken. A Mentos candy
can help with this. Although the candy may look smooth, if you looked at it under a
microscope you'd see tiny bumps coating its entire surface. This rough surface allows
the bonds between the carbon dioxide gas and the water to more easily break, helping
to create carbon dioxide bubbles and cause the classic eruption. The speed at which the
Mentos falls through the soda can affect how large the eruption is, and this can be
tested by comparing whole with crushed Mentos, the latter of which are less dense.
Designing and Conducting the Experiment
Place a piece of wax paper on top of the cutting board. On the wax paper, carefully use a
knife to crush and cut four Mentos candies into many small pieces. An adult may help
you cut up the candies. What does the inside of the candies look like?
Make a Mentos cartridge to hold the candies for you before you drop them into the Diet
Coke bottle by rolling an index card into a tube, slightly larger than the diameter of a
Mentos candy. Tape the tube together on the side.
Be sure to wear eye protection when putting the candies into the cola!
Wear clothes that you would not mind if they get splashed with a little soda pop—this
activity can get a little messy!
Place a Diet Coke bottle in an outdoor area, at least two meters from any buildings or
anything hanging above the area, such as eaves, overhangs or wires. Make sure that the
bottle is on a level surface and stably standing straight. Why do you think all of this is
important?
Carefully remove the cap from the bottle and place the flat index card on top, covering
the hole.
Place your full cartridge on top of the flat index card. Line up where the opening of the
bottle is with the opening of your cartridge. Quickly pull out the flat index card, releasing
the Mentos candies into the bottle. Then step back without tipping the bottle over or
disturbing the reaction.
Remove the spent cola bottle and place a new full bottle in the same position, again
making sure that it is level and stably standing straight. As with the first bottle, remove
the cap and place the flat index card on top, covering the hole.
Add your four crushed Mentos candies to your cartridge, pouring them in from the wax
paper. Put on your eye protection and start the video camera.
Like you did before, place your full cartridge on top of the flat index card, then line up
where the opening of the bottle is with the opening of your cartridge. Quickly pull out
the flat index card, releasing the crushed Mentos into the bottle, then step back without
tipping the bottle over or disturbing the reaction.
Analyzing and Interpreting Data
In the Diet Coke bottle the Mentos candy provides a rough surface that allows the bonds
between the carbon dioxide gas and water to break more easily, helping to create carbon
dioxide bubbles. As the Mentos candy sinks in the bottle, the candy causes the production of
more and more carbon dioxide bubbles, and the rising bubbles react with carbon dioxide that is
still dissolved in the soda to cause more carbon dioxide to be freed and create even more
bubbles, resulting in the eruption. Because Mentos candies are rather dense, they sink rapidly
through the liquid, causing a fast, large eruption. The crushed Mentos candies, however, are not
as dense as the whole ones, which causes them to sink more slowly, creating a relatively small
cola fountain, which should also leave more liquid in the bottle than the larger eruption with
whole Mentos candies did.
Making a Conclusion
I therefore conclude that the coke mentos experiment was so amazing!
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bring-science-home-coke-mentos/
