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    Ir. H. Isnugroho, CES: Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Program Study Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta

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    Rhezader Ag
    Port engineering focuses on sea ports which serve as hubs connecting sea transportation to land transportation. A port allows ships to dock and load or unload cargo and passengers. This document outlines various port types including general commercial ports run by the government, specialized ports, fishing ports, oil ports, and cruise ports. It also discusses natural harbors protected by land and artificial harbors built with structures like breakwaters. Key aspects of port planning and facilities are covered such as navigation canals, docks, cargo handling equipment and more.

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    Ir. H. Isnugroho, CES: Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Program Study Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta

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    Rhezader Ag
    86 views31 pages
    Port engineering focuses on sea ports which serve as hubs connecting sea transportation to land transportation. A port allows ships to dock and load or unload cargo and passengers. This document outlines various port types including general commercial ports run by the government, specialized ports, fishing ports, oil ports, and cruise ports. It also discusses natural harbors protected by land and artificial harbors built with structures like breakwaters. Key aspects of port planning and facilities are covered such as navigation canals, docks, cargo handling equipment and more.

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    Port Engineering-01

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    Port engineering focuses on sea ports which serve as hubs connecting sea transportation to land transportation. A port allows ships to dock and load or unload cargo and passengers. This document outlines various port types including general commercial ports run by the government, specialized ports, fishing ports, oil ports, and cruise ports. It also discusses natural harbors protected by land and artificial harbors built with structures like breakwaters. Key aspects of port planning and facilities are covered such as navigation canals, docks, cargo handling equipment and more.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    86 views31 pages

    Ir. H. Isnugroho, CES: Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Program Study Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta

    Uploaded by

    Rhezader Ag
    Port engineering focuses on sea ports which serve as hubs connecting sea transportation to land transportation. A port allows ships to dock and load or unload cargo and passengers. This document outlines various port types including general commercial ports run by the government, specialized ports, fishing ports, oil ports, and cruise ports. It also discusses natural harbors protected by land and artificial harbors built with structures like breakwaters. Key aspects of port planning and facilities are covered such as navigation canals, docks, cargo handling equipment and more.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 31
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    The key takeaways are about definitions of ports and harbors, classifications of ports based on functions and locations in Indonesia, components and layouts of different types of ports.

    Ports can be classified based on functions into gateway ports, regional collector ports, trunk/branch ports and feeder ports. They can also be cargo ports or cruise ports. Cargo ports can be bulk ports, break bulk ports or container ports.

    Main components of a port typically include port administration office, breakwaters, docks, cargo handling equipment like cranes, warehouses, fuel supply, ship repair facilities and access to land transportation.

    PORT

    ENGINEERING

    Lecturer:
    Ir. H. Isnugroho, CES

    (1)

    FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
    CIVIL ENGINEERING PROGRAM STUDY
    MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
    The term of Port ?
    Port = Hub, connector, junction, etc
    Examples: - Interface port
    - USB port
    - Sea port (harbor/harbour)
    - Airport
    - etc.
    In this lesson : The meaning of Port is Sea-Port is a place where ships,
    boats, and barges can dock and transfer people or cargo to or from
    land and water transportation. (harbor/harbour, river-port, etc.)
    LITERATURES:
    1. Bindra S.P., Dok and Harbour Engineering, Dhanpat Rai and Sons,
    Delhi, 1986
    2. Bruun P., Port Engineering, Gulf Publishing Company, London, 1981
    3. Kamadibrata S, Perencanaan Pelabuhan, Ganesha Exact Bandung,
    1985
    4. Bambang Triatmodjo, Perencanaan Pelabuhan, Beta Offset, 2004
    LESSON PROGRAM :
    1. Definition, function and types of Port/Harbor
    2. Characteristics and types of Ship in correlation with port facilities
    3. The planning of the Harbor (requirements, equipment, site selection, size and
    shape of the Harbor, the breakwater)
    4. Wind and Tidal
    5. Ocean Wave
    6. Sediment Transport along the coast and the influence of the harbour against
    the coastal morphology

    Mid Semester Test


    7. Navigation Canal
    8. Breakwater
    9. The Dock and Shipyard
    10. Fender and Bollard
    11. Port facilities
    12. Cruise Guide Tools

    Final Examination
    THE FUNCTION OF THE PORT

    ISLAND-1

    SEA TRANSPORTATION PORT– 2


    PORT – 2
    ISLAND– 2

    LAND TRANSPORTATTION

    FROM/TO THE OTHE PORT

    Port serves as a hub (the link/connection) between sea/water


    transport modes with mode of ground/land transportation
    Port ??? and Harbor/Harbour???
    Harbors and ports are often confused with each other. A port is a facility
    for loading and unloading vessels; ports are usually located in harbors
    A port is a location on a coast or shore where ships can dock and have
    facilities for loading and unloading the cargo as well as the passengers.
    Ports often have cargo-handling equipment, such as cranes (operated by
    longshoremen) and forklifts for use in loading ships, which may be
    provided by private interests or public bodies. Often, canneries or other
    processing facilities will be located nearby. Some ports feature canals,
    which allow ships further movement inland. Access to intermodal
    transportation, such as trains and trucks, are critical to a port, so that
    passengers and cargo can also move further inland beyond the port area.
    Ports with international traffic have customs facilities. Harbour pilots and
    tugboats may maneuver large ships in tight quarters when near docks.
    Port locations are selected to optimize access to land and navigable water,
    for commercial demand, and for shelter from wind and waves.
    Some ports have an important political and military role.
    Source: Wikipedia
    Lorrain seaport (1638) Port of Piraeus in Greece

    Port of Vell, Barcelona, Spain (2007) Source: Wikipedia


    A harbor or harbour (see spelling differences), is a place where ships, boats,
    and barges can seek shelter through stormy weather, or else are stored for
    future use.
    Harbors can be natural or artificial. An artificial harbor has deliberately-
    constructed breakwaters, sea walls, or jettys, or otherwise, they could have
    been constructed by dredging, and these require maintenance by further
    periodic dredging.
    In contrast, a natural harbor is surrounded on several sides by prominences of
    land. An example of this kind of harbor is Bengkulu Bay, Cilacap straits
    Artificial harbors are frequently built for use as ports. The largest artificially
    created harbor is Jebel Ali in Dubai.[1] Other large and busy artificial harbors
    are located in: Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Houston, Texas; Long Beach,
    California; and San Pedro, California.
    Types of Port based on Operational Role:
    1. General Port: The port operated for public and commercial use. In
    Indonesia, this kind of port managed by Government through the
    Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) PT. Pelabuhan Indonesia
    (Pelindo)
    2. Specific Port: The port operated for specific and uniquely use, such
    as: LNG Arun Port, Asahan Aluminum Industry Port, Pertamina Oil
    Port, ect.
    General Port Administrators in Indonesia

    Figure: The territory of General Ports in Indonesia

    PT. Pelabuhan Indonesia I : Belawan


    PT Pelabuhan Indonesia II : Tanjung Priuk
    PT. Pelabuhan Indonesia III: Tanjung Perak
    PT Pelabuhan Indonesia IV : Ujung Pandang
    Port Classification in Indonesia (based on Navigation function):

    1. Gate Way Port: (Tanjung Priok, Tanjung Perak, Belawan, Ujung-


    Pandang, Balikpapan, Semarang, etc.)
    2. Regional Collector Port: ( Teluk Bayur, Palembang, Dumai, Lembar,
    Potianak, Cirebon, Panjang, Ambon, Kendari, Lhok Seumawe,
    Sorong, Bitung, etc)

    3. Trunk/Branch Port , classified in 2 categories:


    Category I : (Banjarmasin, Samarinda, Cilacap, Tarakan, Donggala,
    Ternate, Krueng Raya, Sibolga, Jayapura, Gorontalo, Bengkulu,
    Batam etc.)
    Category II : ( Kuala Langsa, Sampit, Benoa, Pakanbaru, Jambi,
    Pare-pare, Biak, Mearuke, Toli-toli, Kalianget, etc)

    4. Feeder Port, consist of about 250 small ports


    Types of Port (Based on the function):
    The terms "port" mean "seaport" are used for different types of port facilities
    that handle ocean-going vessels, and river port is used for river traffic, such as
    barges and other shallow-draft vessels. Some ports on a lake, river, or canal
    sometimes called "inland ports".
    A fishing port is a port or harbour for landing and distributing fish. It may be a
    recreational facility, but it is usually commercial. A fishing port is the only port
    that depends on an ocean product.
    A "dry port" is a term sometimes used to describe a yard used to place
    containers or conventional bulk cargo, usually connected to a seaport by rail
    or road.
    A warm water port is one where the water does not freeze in winter time.
    Because they are available year-round, warm water ports can be of great
    geopolitical or economic interest.
    A seaport is further categorized as a "cruise port" or a "cargo port".
    Additionally, "cruise ports" are also known as a "home port" or a "port of
    call".
    The "cargo port" is also further categorized into a "bulk" or "break bulk port"
    or as a "container port".
    Lay-out of Ports

    Lay-out of Fish-Port:
    1. Port Administration Office
    2. Port Administrator‘s Room
    3. Breakwater
    4. Dock (pier style)
    5. Fish market
    6. Water Tank
    7. Toilets
    8. Fuel supply
    9. Refrigerator
    10. Ship service and repair
    11. Navigation sign
    12. Fish drying yard
    13. Net drying yard

    Figure: Fish-Port of Cilacap


    Figure: Lay-out of Oil-Port
    Crane

    Storage
    Ship

    Dock (caisson type)

    Figure : General Cargo Port


    Crane

    Ship
    Train
    Container
    Truck

    Figure : Container Port


    Crane

    Belt conveyor

    Ship
    Bulk goods (rice,
    sand, coldust, etc.)

    Figure : Bulk goods Port


    Waiting
    room

    Figure: Cruise/Passenger Port

    Cruise/Passenger Ports can be classified into:


    a. International Port
    b. Inter-insular Port and
    c. Ferry Port.
    Harbors can be natural or artificial
    Natural Harbor
    A natural harbor is a landform where a part of a body of water is protected
    and deep enough to furnish anchorage.
    Natural harbors have long been of great strategic naval and economic
    importance, and many great cities of the world are located on them. Having a
    protected harbor reduces or eliminates the need for breakwaters as it will
    result in calmer waves inside the harbor/harbour.
    Example: Cilacap, Surabaya, Bengkulu
    Figure: Surabaya Harbor
    Figure: Bengkulu Harbor
    Artificial Harbor
    An artificial harbor has deliberately-constructed breakwaters, sea walls,
    or jettys, or otherwise, they could have been constructed by dredging,
    and these require maintenance by further periodic dredging.
    Artificial harbors are frequently built for use as ports.

    Break
    Water

    Dock/Shipyard

    Figure : Artificial harbor

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