Basic Infrastructure Operations: NTQF Level I
Basic Infrastructure Operations: NTQF Level I
Basic Infrastructure Operations: NTQF Level I
This learning guide is developed to provide you the necessary information regarding the
following learning out come and contents coverage.
MODULE CONTENTS:
LO1. Identify hazards
1.1Risk control Application
1.2Inspection of work area.
1.3Understand safety systems information.
1.4Type and scope of hazards.
1.5 Simple Arithmetic Application for Risk Ranking of Hazards
LO2. Assess risk and identify unacceptable risk
2.1Assessment and determination of consequence of risk
2.2Identify criteria and Assess risk against to it
LO3. Identify, assess and implement risk treatments
3.1Risk treatment options
3.2Implementation of the risk treatment.
3.3Review of risk management
LO4. Complete records and Reports
4.1Information communication methods and techniques
4.2 Methods and techniques of reporting
This guide will also assist you to attain the learning outcome and contents stated in the cover
page. Specifically, upon completion of this Learning Guide, you will be able to –
Conduct of local risk control in resources and infrastructure industries.
Identifying hazards; assessing risk and identifying unacceptable risk;
Identifying, assessing and implementing risk treatments; and completing
records and reports.
A good production supervisor likes to operate on schedule. He wants to know that he has
some one available to handle each job. He wants to know each day how close each job is to
completion. Efficient production demands effective planning.
An accident adversely affects the operation of a system. It is never "Scheduled" and often
happens at the most inconvenient time. It may knock out one of your best producers, or
A job hazard analysis is a technique that focuses on job tasks as a way to identify
hazards before they occur.
It focuses on the relationship between the worker, the task, the tools, and the work
environment.
After uncontrolled hazards are identified, take action to eliminate them or reduce risk.
Performing a job hazard analysis is one of the best methods to develop safe work
procedures for the equipment that is operated.
The JHA can also be used to train employees in the hazards associated with task and
what control measures should be practiced.
JHA Team
A Job Hazard Analysis requires the cooperation of all parties involved that includes:
Safety Professional
-Technical Advisor
Supervisors-Frontline Personnel responsible for making change
Employee-Person most familiar with job
Prioritization of JHA
Administrative Controls
Administrative controls include the following:
o Written operating procedures, work permits, and safe work practices;
o Exposure time limitations (used most commonly to control heat stress
and ergonomic hazards);
o Monitoring the use of highly hazardous materials;
o Alarms, signs, and warnings;
o Buddy system; and training
PPE
Personal Protective Equipment is acceptable as a control method in the following
circumstances:
o When engineering controls are not feasible or do not totally eliminate the hazard;
o While engineering controls are being developed;
o When safe work practices do not provide sufficient additional protection; and
o During emergencies when engineering controls may not be feasible.
The site is the permanent working place for masons, concrete workers and others. While
masons and concrete workers are permanently on one site from the beginning to the end other
trades as painters, plasterers and tile layers are more or less short time workers and will leave the
site after their work is done.
With working place or area including equipment, machines, storerooms and places in meant.
Apart from the general working place there is the personal working place, where somebody is
laying a cobble stone for instance. Space is a rare good on the site. All material and equipment has
to fit in a limited area. Therefore it is crucial necessary to keep strong order on site.
A neat and tidy site safes time, eases the work, avoids accidents. If things like not used tools,
battens, boards, stones, cables, steel bars etc. are laying around somebody may trip up and fall
down.
Achieving a positive health and safety culture in our organization is fundamental to managing
health and safety effectively. We have to know and understand what influences the health and
safety culture of our organization.
Key points:
1. We will develop a personal understanding of the influence different levels of management have
on the organizational climate of an organization.
2. We will make sure that all managers are committed to promoting health and safety.
3. We will develop an open and honest organization, which is as receptive to bad news as it is to
good news.
4. We know that improving ‘worker health and safety motivation’ is fundamental to improving
safety. I must ensure this phrase is understood and we all take action to ensure it happens. I must
convince key groups such as supervisors of their importance to our safety culture.
5. Corporate social responsibility principles tell me that it makes sound business sense to manage
all business risks effectively.
Make sure that health and safety is not viewed as a separate function, but as an integral part of
productivity, competitiveness and profitability and that our health and safety risks are recognized
as part of our business risks.
Our performance measures show how well we are controlling our major hazards. Health and
safety performance is an important element of performance reviews. Managers are accountable for
the health and safety performance of their departments. They have specific and reasonable
responsibilities
Directions: Answer all the questions listed below. Use the Answer sheet provided in the next
page:
• Before beginning a job, select a category and read the questions that identify some risks
and/or hazards that you feel are problems for you on this job assignment.
• Use the Risk/Hazard identifier to classify your answers.
• If you answer NO to all the questions move the wheel of that category to show Zero in the
center window. This means you can NOT identify any of the risks/hazards listed for that
category.
If you answered YES to one question, move the wheel in that category to show (1:Green) in the
center window.
• Select another category, dial in the correct number (1,2,3,4,5) in the center window to reflect
the number of questions you answered with a YES
Risks are identified early in the process, before the bid. It could be all kinds of risks such as
technical risks, environmental risk, in other words anything that could jeopardize the project.
It is quite obvious that if we are unaware of the risks, it’s difficult to manage them, though this
view is limited to the event-type scope of risk management.
Steps to risk assessment
1. .Look for hazards that may result in harm when driving on public roads
2. Decide who might be harmed
3. Evaluate the risk and decide whether existing precautions are adequate or more should be
done
4. Record your findings
5. Review your assessment and revise it if necessary
We often make a choice that will have consequences in our risk environment. Good choices tend
to reduce variability in income without changing the likely level of income received; bad choices
will increase variability for any given level of income, or increase variability and reduce income.
In this sense, we manage risk by making the right choices. But even when we make all of the right
choices, there can still be a bad outcome. How often do we say “If only I had …” with respect to a
choice. We can’t see into the future though, so making a difference means making the right choice
as much as possible – after all, it’s much more likely that we will have a good outcome if a good
choice is made relative to a bad one.
Understanding how risk is manageable means we need an even clearer picture of risk. But what
exactly do we mean when we say a proposition is more “risky” than another?
There are three possible interpretations:
First, more risk might refer to a higher likelihood or probability of an adverse outcome, a
hazard or peril, or a potential loss,
Second, it might refer to the magnitude of a loss should it occur,
Third, risk might refer to a combination of its expected value and loss.
The interpretation of a “risky” outcome is pretty important. Unacceptable risk to the farm
business may come from an event with a low probability of occurrence but the outcome is a huge
loss. For example, a flood that destroys ditches may only occur once every hundred years – but
the loss might wipe out the construction business. To most producers this is a “risky” event
because the loss is large. Fortunately, we might be able to transfer some of the risk using insurance.
Conversely, an unacceptable risk might also result from a relatively modest size of loss that has a
high probability of occurring or even a relatively small loss that is happens frequently.
Directions: Answer all the questions listed below. Use the Answer sheet provided in the next
page:
Directions: Answer all the questions listed below. Use the Answer sheet provided in the next
page:
3. List down the risks, we think of some ways to deal with (manage) the risks, Suppose we
divide our potential responses (tactics) into four different groups ? (5points)
4. Identify the Risk treatment options.?(5point)
Any employee who observes any activity which he or she believes is illegal or unethical
shall advise his or her supervisor and the appropriate controlling department.
If a supervisor receives such a report, the supervisor must quickly advise the Internal
Auditing Department, Human Resources Department, the Law Organization or the
Business Integrity Office.
Directions: Answer all the questions listed below. Use the Answer sheet provided in the next
page: