CWTS: VALUES EDUCATION
-Value is any object, activity or frame of mind that a
person considers as very important to his/her life
-Values are important to understand human behavior
conflicts are often based on differences in values.
-Values education is founded on a sound philosophy of
human person with all its philosophical ramifications
and implications
-the supreme value that characterizes education if
HUMAN DIGNITY
FOUNDATION VALUES:
► These are values which are related to the satisfaction
VALUES
of the basic or fundamental for life to be sustained & to
► These are personal perceptions of one’s own future, achieve a relative state of humanness
relatively of the family, works, friendship, group
These includes:
community and nation
► Physiological, safety, love, sense off belongingness &
► It grows anywhere as part of our culture and
self esteem
tradition
► In the Philippines, values are sources of status
ULTIMATE VALUES:
symbols as such; wealth, economic status, authority, ► These values defines what the meaning of life is to
politics and personal ambition man
Theoretical Framework for Values These includes:
Development...concepts includes;
► Beauty, goodness, perfection, simplicity,
► As deals, which determine our priorities & direct our understanding and self-actualization
behaviors
LIVING VALUES:
► Human ideals are reflected in different levels of
needs of a person 1. Cooperation
2. Freedom
► Persons follow for the ultimate & highest values as 3. Happiness
they to the spiritual nature of man 4. Honesty
5. Humility
► Persons desire much of which is unconscious 6. Love
7. Peace
► Human ideals are pursued individually and 8. Respect begins within the individual
collectively 9. Responsibility
10. Unity is harmony within & among individuals in the
group
THE GOOD CITIZENSHIP VALUES CLUSTER
1. Pagkamaka-Diyos
a.) Faith in Almighty in Actions
b.) Respect for Life in Action
c.) Order in Action
d.) Work in Action ► Relationships and involvement to be lived and work
e.) Concerns for the Family & Future to be performed
Generations in Action
-A relationship means giving the best of yourself to
2. Pagkamatao someone who truly deserves it
a.) Love in Action
b.) Freedom in Action
WHERE VALUES CAMES FROM
c.) Peace in Action ► Our personal values are formed in early childhood
d.) Truth in Action and are affected strongly by both the:
e.) Justice in Action
► values of our parents
3. Pagkamaka-bayan
3.1 Unity in action ► the environment
▪ Be united with the nation
► The school
▪ Be united your people
▪ Be united with your local community ► The church
▪ Be united with your organization of work
▪ Be united with your family ► The government
3.2 Respect for Law and Government in Action
3.3 Patriotism in Action
3.4 Promotion of the Common Good in Action
3.5 Promotion of the Common good
4. Pagkama-kalikasan
4.1 Concern for the Environment in Action
▪ Being conscious & consistent in making your
environment clean & using the resources
prudently
▪ Having a deep understanding of the
immediate need of the community in leaning its
surroundings and being a contributory person
to do so
WHAT DOES “VALUE” MEAN?
MAN AS A PERSON “Your treasure lies where your heart is.”
❖ Personalism is a study of man as a person
What do you consider as your top three priorities in
❖ It pays much interest on the personhood of man and life?
not much on the nature of man
•When do we say that something is of value?
❖ Man as a person means that man is unique, a who, a
subject & a self •How do people know that something is valuable?
THE SELF •Who assigns value to things?
► Everyone has an obligation to himself MEANING OF VALUE:
► The difficulty is to understand what is this obligation • Literally, value refers to the cost or price, desirability,
importance, merit, quality, usefulness, weight or worth
► Understand our unique role in the society assigned by an individual or group to anything, both
material (i.e. equipment, clothing, food, shelter) or
► This role includes our RESPONSIBITY that are faced immaterial (i.e. family, principles, ideals, attitudes,
beliefs, relationships).
► Decisions to be made
From simple to complex explanations: 2. They are generic experiences in social action
made up of both individual and social responses
1. The word “value” is derived from Latin and attitudes.
“valere” which means “to measure the worth
of something” 3. They build up societies, integrate social
relations.
2. Anything that is perceived as good and
desirable by an individual or group is of value. 4. They mould the ideal dimensions of
personality and range and depth of culture.
3. It refers to the major priorities that one
chooses to act on, and that creatively enhances 5. They influence people’s behaviour and serve
his life and the lives of those with whom he as criteria for evaluating the actions of others.
associates with (Hall, 1980 as cited in Palispis,
1995). 6. They have a great role to play in the conduct
of social life. 7. They help in creating norms to
• Values are ideals and principles by which man lives. It guide day-to-day behaviour.
is whatever is actually liked, prized, esteemed, desired,
approved, and enjoyed by anyone at any time FOUNDATIONS OF VALUES:
(Brightman, n.d. as cited in Palispis, 1995).
•Natural Laws - refer to the rules that govern what all
•A value is an enduring belief that a specific mode or people experience regardless of color, race, creed, or
conduct or end state of existence is personally or geography such as joy, hatred, hunger, comfort, worry,
socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of peace, war, and the likes.
conduct or end-state of experience (Rockeach, n.d).
• Moral Laws– like a game, life is governed by rules.
CHARACTERISTICS OF VALUE: Rules define the moves of players. These laws of life are
the laws of morality. Morality is synonymous to ethics,
• Values may be specific and may be more general. the study of what is right or wrong. One of its strong
Values are different from culture to culture. foundation is human dignity. Moral laws therefore are
largely based on human dignity.
• Values are stable.
Internal Factors Influencing Man’s Values:
• Values are learnt.
•Heredity, Growth, Development, Talents
• Values are part of our personalities.
•Intrinsic Mechanisms
DIRECTION: Values – Goals – Behavior – Self-value
External Factors Influencing Man’s Values
• Values give direction and consistency to behavior.
• The Family and Home Environment
• Values help you know what to and not to make time
for. • The Social Environment
• Values establish a relationship between you and the • Culture and Language
world.
• History
• Values set the direction for one’s life.
• The Educational System
FUNCTIONS OF VALUE:
• The Economic Environment
The main functions of values are:
• The Political Environment
1. Values play an important role in the
• Religion
integration and fulfilment of man’s basic
impulses and desires in a stable and consistent • Mass Media
manner appropriate for his living.
• Leadership and Role Models
How Do You Know What You Really Value? 3. Attitudes
-Watch your thoughts, they become your actions. - When a student displays views about current issues,
-Watch your actions, they become your habits. teachers can ask how deeply the attitude is felt, what
-Watch your habits, they become your character. prompted the attitude, and what activities it suggests.
-Watch your character, they become your destiny
(Anonymous, n.d.). 4. Interests
- Students’ interests can be temporary and short term.
THE PROCESS OF VALUING: - Teachers can assist students to analyze their interests
• Choosing – Have I chosen it from among alternatives I through the value clarification procedures as they
know? Have I considered the consequences of all the become more “owned” rather than simply enacted.
alternatives? 5. Feelings
1. A value must be chosen freely. - Feelings, as a construct, almost suggests a non-
2. A value must be chosen among alternatives. cognitive reaction to an event, a question, or an issue.
3. A value must be chosen among alternatives
after considering the consequences of such - The values clarification approach suggests teachers
alternatives. prompt the student to think about his/her feelings,
asking about their source, and their consequences.
• Prizing – Is the value evident in my behavior? Does it
enhance my emotional and spiritual being? 6. Beliefs and convictions
4. A value must be cherished. - While beliefs connote deeper ideas than mere
5. A value must be publicly affirmed. “attitudes,” they can also be reviewed by students
through the values clarification approaches.
• Acting – Do I act on this value repeatedly in some
fashion through a variety of similar experiences? Am I - Some will be promoted to values, according to this
willing to state it publicly? theory.
6. A value is acted upon. 7. Activities
7. A value is done repeatedly to affirm the
choice publicly. - When a student becomes engaged in activities, it is
appropriate to ask him/her if there are alternatives to
consider or whether it was freely chosen.
VALUE INDICATORS:
8. Worries, problems, obstacles
- Value indicators are expressions or behaviors that are
promising areas for clarifying because they “are headed - This category of indicators suggest that the students’
toward values, but they have not yet ‘arrived'”. reactions are unformed. The possible approaches the
student might take are ill-formed, and the values
1. Expressions of purposes or aims. clarification prompts can move students to firmer plans
and actions.
- When a student says that he/she intends to do
something or that he/she has a goal, it is an opportunity Actions of the Session!
for teachers to ask if that was something he or she
prized, had freely chosen, or had sought for some time. - Approach someone who has helped you become a
better person. Do not miss the experience! It is not
2. Aspirations heavy or costly. Just say “Thank you, you have
__________ (state the good you have learned or picked
- Aspirations are remote purposes or aims. Using the up from the person).
values clarification techniques, teachers can help
students examine their aspirations to see if they meet - Appreciate someone’s values or qualities today by
the criteria of a value. telling them the values or qualities you like about them
