Chapter 2

X 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.

85
-rA 0.0053 0.0052 0.0050 0.0045 0.0040 0.0033 0.0025 0.0018 0.00125 0.001
i/-rA 189 192 200 222 250 303 400 556 800 1000

X -rA (mol/dm3
. s)
0.0 0.0053
0.1 0.0052
0.2 0.0050
0.3 0.0045
0.4 0.0040
0.5 0.0033
0.6 0.0025
0.7 0.0018
0.8 0.00125
0.85 0.00100
P.2-3
Redo Example 2-7 for the cases when the intermediate conversions are (a) 30%,
and (b) 70%. The molar flow rate is 52 mol/min.
P.2-4
The space time necessary to achieve 80% conversion in a CSTR is 5hr. determine
(if possible) the reactor volume required to process 2 ft3/min, what is the space
velocity for this system?

P.2-5
There are two reactors of equal volume available for your use: one CSTR and the other a PFR.
The reaction is second order (-rA = 𝑘𝐶𝐴2 = 𝑘𝐶𝐴0
2
(1- X)2, irreversible, and is carried out
isothermally.
A>B
X 0 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9

— rA (mol/’dm3 • min) 10 14.67 50 50 50 12.5 909
There are three ways you can arrange your system:

1) Reactors in series: CSTR followed by PFR
2) Reactors in series: PFR followed by CSTR
3) Reactors in parallel with half the feed rate going to each reactor after which the exit
streams are mixed
(a) If possible, state which system will give the highest overall conversion.
(b) If possible, state which system will give the lowest overall conversion.
P.2-6
was carried out adiabatically and the following data recorded:
-rA (mol/dm3. s) *103 0.010 0.005 0.002 0.001

X 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6
The entering molar flow rate of A was 300 mol/min.
(1) What are the PFR and CSTR volumes necessary to achieve 40% conversion? (VPFR = 7.2
dm3, VCSTR = 2.4 dm3)
(2) Over what range of conversions would the CSTR and PFR reactor volumes be identical?
(3) What is the maximum conversion that can be achieved in a 10.5-dm3 CSTR?
(4) conversion can be achieved if a 7.2-dm3 PFR is followed in series by a 2.4-dm3 CSTR?
(5) conversion can be achieved if a 2.4 dm3 CSTR is followed in a series by a 7.2-dm3 PFR?
Plot ihe conversion and rate of reaction as a function of PFR reactor volume up to a volume of
10 dm3.
P.2-9
The irreversible gas-phase non elementary reaction
is to be carried out isothermally in a constant-pressure batch reactor . The feed is at a temperature

of 227°C, a pressure of 1013 kPa, and its composition is 33.3% A and 66.7% B. Laboratory
data taken under identical conditions are as follows (note that at X =0, -rA= 0.00001):
a) Estimate the volume of a plug-flow reactor required to achieve 30% conversion of A for
an entering volumetric flow rate of 2 m3/min.
b) Estimate the volume of a CSTR required to take the effluent from the plug-flow reactor
(PFR) above and achieve 50% total conversion (based on species A fed to the PFR).
c) What is the total volume of the two reactors?
d) What is the volume of a single plug-flow reactor necessary to achieve 60% conversion?
80% conversion?
e) What is the volume of a single CSTR necessary to achieve 50% conversion?
f) What is the volume of a second CSTR to raise the conversion from 50% to 60% ?
g) Plot the rate of reaction and conversion as a function of PFR volume.
P.2-8
Figure P2-8a shows C/^l—r^ versus XA for a non-isothermal, non-elementary, multiple-
reaction liquid-phase decomposition of reactant A.
a) Consider the two systems shown in Figure P2-8b in which a CSTR and plug-flow reactor
are connected in sense. The intermediate conversion is 0.3 and the final conversion is 0.7.
How should the reactors be arranged to obtain the minimum total reactor volume?
Explain.
b) If the volumetric flow rate is 50 L/min, what is the minimum total reactor volume? (Ans.
V = 750 dm3)
c) Is there a better means (i.e., smallest total volume achieving 70% conversion other than
either of the systems proposed above? {Ans.: 512 L)
d) At what conversion(s) would the required reactor volume be identical for either a CSTR
or a tubular PFR?
{Ans.: X = 0.45, and X = ?
e) Using the information in Figure P2-8a together with the CSTR design equation, make a
plot of T versus X. If the reactor volume is 700 L and the volumetric flow rate 50 L/min,
what are the possible outlet conversions (i.e., multiple steady states) for this reactor?

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X 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.

X 0 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9

There are three ways you can arrange your system:

was carried out adiabatically and the following data recorded:

-rA (mol/dm3. s) *103 0.010 0.005 0.002 0.001

is to be carried out isothermally in a constant-pressure batch reactor . The feed is at a temperature

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