Year 1991, the Madrid Conference happened wherein Israel faced negotiations

with Syria, Lebanon, Jordan and the Palestinians, for the first time. The event was
supported by the US and the Soviet Union. [ CITATION Pro08 \l 13321 ] .
On April 16, 1993, an individual from the Hamas association, Tamam Nabulsi,
blew his car up close to an Israeli transport bus
parked nearby the settlement of Mechola, in the
Jordan Valley. This was the first ever suicide
bombing executed inside the borders of Israel by a
Palestinian Authority.[CITATION Kim04 \l 13321 ]
The Israel-Palestinian Peace Accord was
signed by Foreign Minister Shimon Peres and PLO
Representative Mahmoud Abbas on September 13, 1993. [ CITATION Ian02 \l 13321 ]
The following year, on February 25, 1994, Baruch Goldstein, American
immigrant in Israel and an individual from the Jewish Defense League, opened fire at the
worshippers at Ibrahim Mosque at the Cave of the Patriarchs in Hebron, killing 29 people
and injuring 125 unarmed Palestinians. Riots broke out over the West Bank after the
massacre and Israel's government did their very best in order to relieve the effects made
by the massacre.[ CITATION Jer15 \l 13321 ]
In the month of April in the same year, the Paris Protocol was signed by the
Israeli and Palestinian Authority. Then in May, the Cairo Agreement was also signed by
Israel and the PLO. The agreement immediately exchanged control over the Gaza Strip
and a sixty-five-square-kilometer zone enveloping
Jericho unto the Palestinian Authority, with Israel
staying in control of the outskirts between areas
and the outside world and of the Jewish
settlements in the Strip. [ CITATION Ben01 \l 13321 ]
On October 26, 1994, Israel and Jordan
signed a peace treaty, which will put a stop to the
threats and use of force against each other.
[ CITATION Con03 \l 13321 ]
Almost a year later, on Sep. 28, 1995, was when the Oslo II Accords was signed
among Israel and the PLO, giving Palestinians control over parts of the West Bank and
Gaza. Not long after, Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, was shot dead by an assassin as he
was leaving a rally in Tel Aviv. [ CITATION Ser95 \l 13321 ]
On January 15, 1997, an agreement was signed in which the city of Hebron will
be separated between the Israeli and Palestinian control. There were two parts: H1 and
H2, wherein Israelis took control of H2, while PLO took control of H1. [ CITATION
Geo00 \l 13321 ]
Towards the end of 1998, the Wye River Memorandum was announced, wherein,
it guaranteed to reestablish the peace talks between the Israeli-Palestinian that was started
at Oslo, following 19 months of stagnation, and to make ready for the objective to finally
have a peace settlement. [ CITATION Avi01 \l 13321 ]
Year 1999, the Sharm al-Sheikh Agreement
was brought to light, and on September 4, 1999, the
memorandum was signed by the representatives of
Israel and Palestine. The purpose of the Sharm al-
Sheikh Agreement is to resolve the remarkable
conflicts of the present break status, specifically
those set out in the Wye Memorandum of October
23, 1998, second is to set out a timetable for extra redeployments of Israeli forces in the
West Bank and the exchange of zones to Palestinian control, from September 10, 1999 to
January 20, 2000, and third is to help in the release of 350 Palestinian detainees.
[ CITATION Isr99 \l 13321 ]
The following year, on May 22, 2000 up to May 24, 2000, the Israeli forces
withdrawed all their troops from Southern Lebanon, as per UN Security Council
Resolution 405. Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak made a promise back in his election
battle on March 1999, to have already pulled back their Israeli troops from Lebanon by
July 2000. [ CITATION Ant15 \l 13321 ]
On July 5 that same year, US President Bill Clinton reported that Israeli Prime
Minister Ehud Barak and Palestinian Authority chairman Yasser Arafat the Camp David
Summit. From July 11-26, Barak and Arafat, with Clinton, together with US Secretary of
State Madeleine Albright, handled the issues separating Israel and the Palestinians, the
refugees, Jerusalem, the border between Palestine and Israel, the Israeli settlements, and
the issue of water supplies and air pollution. After the 14 straight days of negotiations,
they have not been able to reach an agreement. Arafat asked for another meeting and they
reconvened at the White House on December 19, 2000, and Clinton offered his last
proposition. Barak, who had bet his political career on the potential agreement, supported
it. Arafat made comments and just simply walked
away. [ CITATION Roc12 \l 13321 ]
The beginning of the second Intifada
began on September 28, 2000, wherein, 164
suicide bombings have happened in Israel and 450
terrorists were captured on their attempt to
commit a suicide bombing. The majority of the
suicide assaults in Israel have occurred in shopping centers, on transportation, at road
corners, and in spots where people often assemble.
[ CITATION Rev071 \l 13321 ]
On January 21-January 27, 2001, the
Taba Negotiations occurred, in which there
was a general discussion about the additional
steps to take into action. One proposition
was a meeting of Barak and Arafat before
elections, in order to accomplish a step forward. Another proposed meeting after the
election, with the objective of achieving understanding by April 30."[ CITATION Dav03 \l
13321 ]
Ariel Sharon was chosen Prime Minister on February 6, 2001, defeating Ehud
Barak. He sought after an uncompromising line against Palestinian terror groups and
Yasser Arafat, and demanded that Arafat was an obstruction to peace.[ CITATION Ami06 \l
13321 ]
The head of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, Abu Ali Mustafa,
was killed in an Israeli assault, on August 27, 2001. Israeli military powers affirmed that
they had made the assault, saying the rockets were shot by a helicopter gunship.
[ CITATION Bri01 \l 13321 ]
The Israeli Army declared
that on January 5, 2002, they had
caught a ship conveying 50 tons
of rockets, mines, missiles and
different weapons under Yasir
Arafat's Palestinian Authority, even if the Bush Administration had been trying to talk
about a cease-fire with Israel. But the Palestinian official denied any involvement with
that ship. [ CITATION New02 \l 13321 ]
On the evening of March 13, 2002, the US finished years of conflict to the
Security Council action on the Middle East issue, when it supported and passed a
resolution formally embracing the idea of a Palestinian state and requiring the prompt end
of all demonstrations of brutality. This certified that there is a country where two states,
Israel and Palestine that live next to the other with secure and recognized borders.
[ CITATION Was02 \l 13321 ]
March 28, 2002, The Arab League embraced the first pan-Arab initiative in order
to obtain peace in the Middle East. The arrangement offers Israel security and normal
relations in return for a withdrawal from occupied Arab territories, forming an
independent Palestinian state with al-Quds al-Shareef as its capital, and the return of the
refugees. [ CITATION CNN02 \l 13321 ]

From September 2000 to

February 2002, about 300 Israeli's
were killed by Palestinian Militants.
Prime Minister Ariel Sharon started
the Operation Defensive Shield after a
Palestinian militant detonated himself
inside an inn in Netanya, an Israeli
City, during a Passover. During the
Operation Defensive Shield, Israeli troops and vehicles entered the urban communities
and forced curfews. They captured Palestinians who they believed to be included in the
conflict against Israel. They also obliterated infrastructures that they believed to be part
of the operating militant groups from the Palestinian Authority. [ CITATION Gua021 \l
13321 ]
On July 22, 2002, Israel
assassinated the military leader of
Hamas, Sheik Salah Shehadeh. Shehadeh
was among the originators of Hamas'
Izzedine al-Qassem Brigades, and spent
10 years in Israeli prisons. [ CITATION
Gua022 \l 13321 ] March 19, 2003 came
and Palestinian Authority leader Yasser Arafat had asked Mahmoud Abbas, to be the
Prime Minister of the Palestinian
Authority. [ CITATION Aus03 \l 13321 ]
A middle east peace summit
happened on June 4, 2003 attended by
President George W. Bush with Prime
Minister Ariel Sharon of Israel, and
Palestinian Prime Minister Mahmoud
Abbas. Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon guaranteed to quickly start removing Jewish
forces on the West Bank, while Palestinian Prime Minister Mahmoud Abbas declared
that the Intifada will be put to an end. [ CITATION Col03 \l
13321 ]
The Israelis, on June 19, 2003, started building a
fence in the West Bank, for the purpose of preventing
Palestinian bombers and other terrorists from entering
into Israel. They believe that most of them came from
the West Bank. [ CITATION CNN03 \l 13321 ] But on July
9, 2004, The International Court of Justice ruled that the partition fence being worked by
Israel in the West Bank was against International Law, and approached Israel to tear it
down and bring compensation to the Palestinians hurt by its development. [ CITATION
Haa04 \l 13321 ]
Geneva Accords is a symbolic peace agreement recommending that a Palestinian
state would be made that would incorporate the whole Gaza Strip and the greater part of
the West Bank and the capital would be in the Arab neighborhoods of East Jerusalem. It
was proposed on October 14, 2003, and is expected to be signed at an occasion on the
following month. [ CITATION New03 \l 13321 ]
The Israeli leader, Ariel Sharon, said that he wants to remove the Israeli
settlements in the Gaza Strip. Mr. Sharon considered the Jewish settlements in Gaza as
source of continuous fights and is a burden to the party. This happened on February 2,
2004. [ CITATION Gua04 \l 13321 ]
Hamas founder and profound
pioneer Sheik Ahmed Yassin was killed
in an Israeli airstrike on March 22, 2004,
as he was leaving a mosque. Yassin was
the prevailing specialist of the Hamas
leadership, which was specifically
required in arranging, coordinating and
launching dread assaults completed by the association. [ CITATION CNN04 \l 13321 ]
The following month, on April 17, 2004, the Head of Hamas, Abdel Aziz al
Rantissi, was killed by a missile strike on his car,
believed to have been orchestrated by Israeli
forces. [ CITATION Bri04 \l 13321 ]
Year 2004, Yasser Arafat was reputed to
have Parkinson's Ailment. His health declined in
October 2004. Israel consented him to be moved
to a doctor's facility in Paris with his wife on
October 29 where. He died on November 11, 2004, at age 75. [ CITATION Jew04 \l 13321 ]
2005 came, and Mahmoud Abbas was elected as the new president of the
Palestinian Authority. He will resume the peace talks with Israel and also have the task of
heading the powerful military groups. [ CITATION Mah05 \l 13321 ] February 8, 2005 came
and Mahmoud Abbas, the Palestinian president, and Ariel Sharon, Prime Minister of
Israel, had a meeting and proclaimed a ceasefire in hostilities. [ CITATION Gua05 \l 13321 ]
Israeli officers evacuated the last
Jewish settlers and protesters from the Gaza
Strip on August 22, 2005 and have proceeded
onward to getting out four settlements in the
West Bank. Ariel Sharon created the biggest
change in Israeli government in almost three
decades by leaving the Likud party on November 21, 2005 saying that it was unfit to run
the nation. The Prime Minister reported the rising of a new party headed by him, the
Kadima. [ CITATION Cou15 \l 13321 ]
January 5, 2006, Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon was replaced by Deputy
Prime Minister Ehud Olmert, a key partner who took after Sharon in darting from the
Likud alliance to shape another party, after he had a stroke. [ CITATION CNN06 \l 13321 ]
The Hamas also won the Palestinian Parliamentary Election, [ CITATION Was06 \l 13321 ]
while the New Israeli Centrist Party, Kadima, won the Israeli Parliamentary Election.
[ CITATION New06 \l 13321 ]
The Israel-Lebanon War
broke out from July to August
2006. It started when Hezbollah
bombed the northern Israel from
southern Lebanon, and guerrillas
catch two Israeli soldiers amid an
assault along the Lebanese border
between the Israeli towns of
Zar'it and Shtula. Eight Israeli
soldiers died while battling that day. The Israeli ground, air and maritime forces attack no
less than eight Hezbollah bases and five bridges in southern Lebanon. A ceasefire was
called on August 14, 2006. More than 908 Lebanese and 159 Israelis have been murdered
since battling started. [ CITATION CNN07 \l 13321 ]
Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas removed the Hamas-led
government on June 14, 2007 and announced a crisis. On June 17, 2007, The Palestinian
president, Mahmoud Abbas of Fatah, swore in an emergency, [ CITATION Bri07 \l 13321 ]
reasserting his power over the West
Bank. Israel controlled Gaza's airspace,
regional waters, and land outskirts.
Israel has made it exceedingly hard for
Palestinians to leave Gaza. [ CITATION
Hum08 \l 13321 ]
President Bush declared on
November 27, 2007, an agreement by Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert and Palestinian
President Mahmoud Abbas, to make progress in the direction of a peace settlement before
the end of the year 2008. [ CITATION New07 \l 13321 ]

After a year, on November 14, 2008, tension between Hamas, the Palestinian
leaders of Gaza, and Israel expanded uniquely after Hamas fired rockets into southern
Israel, sending 18 Israelis to the hospital. Hamas authorities said the assault was revenge
for the killings of 11 activists and the current shutting of Gaza intersections by the
Israelis. [ CITATION New08 \l 13321 ]
Seven days of aerial bombings
began on December 27, 2008. Israeli
militants started moving into Gaza in a
clear endeavor to take control of regions
utilized by Palestinian activists to fire
rockets into southern Israel. Their goal
was to bargain with Hamas in the hope
of hindering further rocket bombings.
[ CITATION CNN091 \l 13321 ] Israel
completed the withdrawal of its army on January 21, 2009, following a three-week battle
against the Hamas group. [ CITATION Bri09 \l 13321 ]
Benjamin Netanyahu, leader of the Likud party, became the Prime Minister of
Israel on March 31, 2009. He was able to make a coalition of around 70 seats in the 120-
part Knesset and, made the biggest Cabinet in Israel's history when he expanded the
quantity of ministers to 30 keeping. [CITATION Pub09 \l 13321 ]
June 4, 2009, U.S. President
Barack Obama demonstrated
Washington's solid support for a
Palestinian state on his speech,
affirming his organization's
commitment to help the two parties
agree on a two-state solution for the
Israeli-Palestinian conflict. He said that there can be no denying the privilege of
"Palestine" to exist, and that he would seek the acknowledgment of a Palestinian state
with all the tolerance that it requires. [ CITATION Haa09 \l 13321 ]
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu endorsed a Palestinian state close to
Israel for the very first time on June 14, 2009, seven days after US President Barack
Obama's speech, with the condition that the Palestinian state would also need to perceive
Israel as the Jewish state, basically saying, Palestinian refugees must give up on coming
back to Israel. [ CITATION Huf09 \l 13321 ]
Palestinian Authority President
Mahmoud Abbas propelled the party's first
congress in 20 years on August 4, 2009, its
first ever in the West Bank. More than 2,000
people from around the globe have assembled
to pick another platform for the party and
hold decisions for Fatah foundations.
[ CITATION Was09 \l 13321 ]
The rival Palestinian groups,
Fatah and Hamas, have marked a
settlement aimed for closure of their four-
year conflict. A ceremony denoting the
arrangement, occurred on May 4, 2011 at
the Egyptian Intelligence Headquarters in
Cairo. The agreement provides the
formation of a joint Palestinian government before the national elections. [ CITATION
Gua11 \l 13321 ]
Palestine turned into the 195th full
member of UNESCO on October 31, 2011.
The vote of UNESCO’s full membership was
107 to 14, with 52 people abstaining. This will
cost the United Nations Educational, Scientific
and Cultural Organization, one-fourth of its
yearly spending plan wherein the 22 percent
was contributed by the United States. Victoria Nuland, a State Department representative,
said that American commitments to UNESCO, including $60 million booked during the
current month, would not be paid. [ CITATION New11 \l 13321 ]
The Palestinian Authority president has said the meetings with Israel on
continuing full peace arrangements have closed, with no advancements. Palestinian
negotiators demand that building settlements on involved land must stop before they
consent to revive talks. Israel says there can be no preconditions to talks and it keeps on
working in the settlements. [ CITATION Bri12 \l 13321 ]
Palestinian activists released more than 60 rockets from Gaza into southern Israel
on October 24, 2012, hitting few houses and injuring three Thai laborers, two basically,
in an Israeli border group. This started hours after a visit to Gaza by the emir of Qatar,
Sheik Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani, the first head of state to visit Gaza since Hamas took
full control there in 2007. [ CITATION New12 \l 13321 ]

Israel launched its military offense against

Gaza on November 14, 2012. It has left many
individuals dead, a hefty portion of them were
civilians. Israel's offense on Gaza started with an air
strike that executed the head of Hamas' military wing,
Ahmed Jabari. [ CITATION Bri121 \l 13321 ]
November 29, 2012 marked the event of Palestine being a Non-Member Observer
State in the United Nations. [ CITATION Uni12 \l 13321 ]
Israeli and Palestinian negotiators continued their peace talk on July 29, 2013. It
was the first time that the two have held direct talks since 2010. The objective of the
meeting was to build up a Palestinian state close by Israel with settled borders and
security arrangements. The Israeli side will be represented by Tzipi Livni, and Isaac
Molho. On the Palestinian side will be Saeb Erekat and Mohammed Shtayyeh. [ CITATION
New13 \l 13321 ]
April 23, 2014, the rival Palestinian
groups Hamas and Fatah, consented to make a
unity government and hold new elections,
making another effort to conquer a seven-year
conflict that has left them separated between two
governments. [ CITATION Nat14 \l 13321 ]
Israel launched an air ambush on the Gaza Strip on July 8, 2014, bombing many
targets. The Israeli operation against Hamas in Gaza started because of the weeks of
rising Israeli-Palestinian tensions after the abducting and killing of three Israelis in the
West Bank, which Israel blamed Hamas for, and the associated killing of an Arab youth
in East Jerusalem. Hours after Israel launched what it called 'Operation Protective Edge,'
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu ordered the armed force to stop against
Hamas and increase their assaults on Gaza. As per United Nations information, more than
4,800 rockets and 1,700 mortars were fired from Gaza towards Israel. Around 224 shots
have struck Israeli neighborhoods. [ CITATION Was14 \l 13321 ]
Israel and Gaza's Hamas agreed to an open-ended truce following seven weeks of
battling, which ended the deadliest war the sides have battled for years, with more than
2,200 killed. Both sides settled for an interim agreement in return for a time of calm.
Hamas, however, stays in control of Gaza with some portion of its military army in place.
Israel and Egypt will keep on controlling access to barred Gaza, regardless of Hamas'
long-running interest that the border terminations forced in 2007 be lifted. The truce
became effective at 7 p.m. on Aug. 26, 2014. [ CITATION Ass14 \l 13321 ]
On the eve of election March 16, 2015, Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu
expressed his disagreement to the Two-State Solution. Netanyahu said, "I don't want a
one-state solution. I want a sustainable, peaceful two-state
solution. But for that, circumstances have to change."
[ CITATION New15 \l 13321 ]
The Vatican formally perceived the state of
Palestine in a new agreement on May 13, 2015, promptly
starting Israeli wrath and allegations that the move hurt
peace prospects. The treaty is the first authoritative
document negotiated between the Holy See and the
Palestinian state, giving the Vatican's previous indications
of acknowledgment an unambiguous affirmation in a formal, respective settlement. 138
member states of the United Nations voted to recognize Palestine as a non-member
observer state. [ CITATION Ass15 \l 13321 ]
February 15, 2017, President Donald Trump said that he is keeping his choices
open about how best to a peaceful answer for the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Genuinely,
if Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and if the Palestinians, if Israel and the
Palestinians are upbeat, I'm content with the one they like the best. [ CITATION ABC17 \l
13321 ]
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