Nama : Siti Nuraini
NIM : 34403516125
Mata Kuliah : Bahasa Inggris
What is anemia?
There are many potential causes of anemia.
Anemia is diagnosed as any condition in which there is a decreased number of
circulating red blood [Link] where our body does not produce enough healthy
red blood cells, destroys too many red blood cells, or loses circulating red blood cells
can all lead to [Link] blood cells are critical to our body's well-being. They carry
hemoglobin, a complex protein that contains iron [Link] main function of these
molecules is to carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the [Link] there are not
enough red blood cells, an individual may experience symptoms such as feeling tired or
[Link] are more than 400 types of Anemia currently known and these are divided
into three main groups according to their cause:
1. Anemia caused by blood loss
2. Anemia caused by decreased production or production of faulty red blood cells
3. Anemia caused by the destruction of red blood cells
Causes of anemia
There is no single cause of anemia. Due to the great number of anemia types, it can
sometimes be difficult to pinpoint the exact [Link] is a general overview of the
common causes of the three main groups of anemia:
1) Anemia caused by blood loss
The most common type of anemia - iron deficiency anemia - typically falls into
this category. In this case, the disorder is brought on by a shortage of iron, most
often caused by blood [Link] blood loss can be categorized as acute and rapid
or chronic. Rapid blood loss can include surgery, childbirth, trauma, or a
ruptured blood [Link] blood loss is more frequent among patients
diagnosed with anemia. Here, the blood loss can be a result of stomach
ulcers, cancer, or tumor. Women who undergo heavy menstrual bleeding may
also be at risk of developing [Link] blood is lost, your body reacts by
pulling in water from tissues outside the bloodstream in an attempt to keep the
blood vessels filled. This additional water dilutes the blood, and, as a result, the
red blood cells are diluted.
2) Anemia caused by decreased or faulty red blood cell productions
A patient's diet can be a cause of anemia. A lack of iron or vitamin-rich foods
severely affects the body's ability to produce enough red blood [Link]
are particularly at risk of anemia due to the elimination of meat which is high
iron content. However, there are other iron-rich foods like leafy greens or iron
and vitamin supplements that can be incorporated into the [Link] in the
center of our bones is a soft, spongy tissue, called bone marrow, which is
essential for the creation of red blood cells. Bone marrow produces stem cells,
which develop into red blood cells, white blood cells, and [Link] marrow
can be affected by a number of diseases such as leukemia, where abnormal
white blood cells are produced in excess, which disrupts normal production of
red blood cells.
3) Anemia caused by the destruction of red blood cells
Red blood cells typically have a life span of 120 days in the bloodstream, but
they can be destroyed or removed [Link] type of anemia that falls into
this category is autoimmune hemolytic anemia, where the body's immune
system mistakenly identifies its own red blood cells as a foreign substance and
attacks them. Excessive hemolysis (red blood cell breakdown) can occur due to
many other medical conditions.
Symptoms of anemia
The most common symptom of anemia, regardless of type, is a feeling of fatigue and a
lack of energy. Other common symptoms of anemia may include:
1. Paleness of skin
2. Fast or irregular heartbeat
3. Shortness of breath
4. Chest pain
5. Headache
6. Light-headedness
In mild cases of anemia, individuals have little to no symptoms. Some forms of anemia
can have specific symptoms unique to their type:
1. Aplastic anemia - fever, frequent infections, and skin rashes
2. Folic acid deficiency anemia - irritability, diarrhea, and a smooth tongue
3. Hemolytic anemia - jaundice, dark colored urine, fever, and abdominal pains
4. Sickle cell anemia - painful swelling of the feet and hands, fatigue, and jaundice
Treatments for anemia
There are a range of treatments for anemia, all ultimately aimed at increasing the red
blood cell count which in turn increases the amount of oxygen the blood carries.
Dietary changes
A change to an iron-rich diet can help alleviate the symptoms of anemia. To do this,
patients can eat more fresh vegetables like leafy greens, meats, and other recommended
foods. Iron and vitamin supplements are also available, which are particularly useful for
patients who are on a restricted diet.
A change in diet can boost iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid levels, which all play a part
in the production of healthy red blood cells. The following foods are high in iron:
1. Iron-fortified cereals and breads
2. Dark-green leafy vegetables, for instance curly kale and watercress
3. Pulses and beans
4. Brown rice
5. White and red meats
6. Nuts and seeds
7. Fish
8. Tofu
9. Eggs
10. Dried fruits, including apricots, raisins, and prunes
