The Scientific Revolution 5 Main Points in Heliocentric Model
1. The earth revolves around the sun.
1543-1700 2. The moon is the only celestial object that revolves
Learning Objectives: around the earth.
To acquaint ourselves what Scientific Revolution is 3. The earth completes one full rotation on its axis
all about? every day.
To know some of the beliefs before the Scientific 4. Other planets’ revolutions around the sun take
Revolution. significantly longer than the earth.
Be able to decipher the idea of Copernican Theory. 5. The universe is actually overwhelmingly larger than
it was originally believed to be.
To learn what other important occurrences
happened during the Scientific Revolution.
What is Revolution? Reactions to Copernicus’ Theory
• A Revolution is a complete change, or an overthrow Most scholars rejected his theory because it went
of a government, social system etc. against Ptolemy, the Church, and because it called
for the Earth to rotate on its axis.
Many scientists of the time also felt that if
SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION Ptolemy’s reasoning about the planets was wrong,
then the whole system of human knowledge could
The scientific revolution was the emergence of
be wrong.
modern science during the early modern period.
In the 1500s to 1700s the Scientific Revolution
changed the way Europeans looked at the world. Tycho Brahe (1546-1601)
People began to make conclusions based on Born in Denmark, a Danish Astronomer.
experimentation and observation, instead of
Supported the Copernicus’ Heliocentric theory by
merely accepting traditional ideas.
providing evidence.
Set up an astronomical observatory.
Before the Scientific Revolution . . .
Documented the movement of the stars and the
Ptolemy, an ancient Greek philosopher taught that planets.
the Earth was the center of the universe.
Geocentric Theory was supported by the Church.
Johannes Kepler (1571-1630)
A German astronomer and mathematician
The Copernican Theory Assistant to Brahe
Copernicus was a Polish astronomer who study in Used Brahe’s data to calculate the orbits of the
Italy. planets revolving around the sun.
Published the De revolutionibus orbium Created the “Laws of the Planetary Motion”
coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Heavenly
Spheres)
Developed the Heliocentric Model of the Solar Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)
System. An Italian astronomer who built upon the scientific
foundation laid by Copernicus and Kepler.
Copernicus’ Heliocentric Model Assembled and first to used telescope.
Comes from the Greek word “helios” means “sun” Discovered mountains on the Moon, Jupiter’s
moons and sunspots.
A sun-centered universe
Found out that objects fall at the same speed
regardless of weight
Reactions to Galilei’s Beliefs Rene Descartes (1596-1650)
Other scholars came against him. A French scientist, mathematician and philosopher.
The Church announced him as heretic in 1661. Developed analytical geometry (links both algebra
and geometry).
Summoned to Rome for trial and found guilty.
Emphasized human reasoning as the best road to
He was put under house arrest, and did not allowed
understanding.
to publish his ideas until 1758.
“I think, therefore I am”
In 1835, the Church stopped its opposition to
Heliocentrism.
Francis Bacon (1561-1626) Other Scientific Advances…
English Politician and writer with an interest in Medicine
Science
Andreas Vesalius
Preferred inductive reasoning and facts over theory.
(1514-1564)
Emphasized experimentation
In 1543, he published “On the Structure of the
Invented the Scientific Method. Human Body”
- First accurate and detailed book on human anatomy.
Scientific Method
• A systematic procedure for collecting and analyzing Medicine
data.
William Harvey
1) State the problem.
(1578-1657)
2) Collect information.
He published “On the Motion of the Heart and
3) Form a hypothesis. Blood in Animals” in 1628
4) Test the hypothesis. - Showed how the heart served as a pump to circulate
blood throughout the body.
5) Record and analyze data.
6) State a conclusion.
Chemistry
7) Repeat steps 1-6
Robert Boyle
Did not rely on the classical thinkers of the church, but
depended upon a step-by-step process of (1627-1691)
observation and experimentation.
Distinguished between individual elements and
Set Europe on the road to rapid technological progress. chemical compound.
Explained the effect of temperature and pressure
on gases.
Isaac Newton (1642-1727)
Published his scientific ideas in his book
Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy
known as “Principia”.
Prepared by:
Formulated the Laws of Motion
Daphane Kate D. Aureada
st
1 Law : A body at rest stay at rest
Denise Fae M. Montiel
2nd Law: Acceleration is caused by force
3rd Law: For every action there is an equal and opposite
reaction.
Invented the Calculus
