CONFIDENTIAL EMIDEC 2016/MEC521 UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA FINAL EXAMINATION COURSE VIBRATIONS COURSE CODE MEC521 EXAMINATION : DECEMBER 2016 TIME : 3HOURS INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES q This question paper consists of five (5) questions, 2 ‘Answer ALL questions in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page. 3 Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the invigitator. 4, Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of i) the Question Paper ii) an Answer Booklet ~ provided by the Faculty iil) a two-page Appendix 5. Answer ALL questions in English. DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO This examination paper consists of 7 printed pages (© Hak Cipta Universit Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL, 2 EMIDEC 2016/MEC521 QUESTION 1 a) The block is suspended from a cord wrapped around a 50-kg wheel as shown in Figure Q1(a). If the wheel has a radius of gyration about its mass center ko = 0.65 m, determine the natural period of vibration for the system. Given r= 1.2 m, m= 5 kg, and k= 200 Nim. co1PO1c2 (5 marks) Figure Q1(a) b) — Consider the mechanical system as shown in Figure Q1(b). The 10-kg block is moved 0.16 m to the right of the equilibrium position and released from rest at = 0 s. Given k = 40 N/m and that the force exerted by the dashpot is 1.8 N when the speed of the blook is 0.12 mis. i) Draw the free body diagram. c01/PO1/C2 (3 marks) ii) Obtain the equation of motion. co1/PO1/C2 (3 marks) Determine the frequency of the resulting motion. CO1PO1IC4 (3 marks) iv) Determine the displacement of the block with respect to time x(t). CO1POTICS (3 marks) v) Determine the displacement of the block at t = 0.3 s. CO1UPO1ICS (3 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA. CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL, 3 EM/DEC 2016/MECS521 Figure Q1(b) QUESTION 2 The schematic diagram as shown in Figure Q2 represents a mechanical system which has motion which is constrained within a restricted space. Assuming the stiffness and damping values are the same on each side and the motion is in the direction as shown in Figure Q2. a) Derive the equation of motion. coWPo1ic2 (5 marks) b) Determine the natural frequency, a, and the damping ratio, ¢ cowPotice (6 marks) ¢) Determine the maximum amplitude Xm of the steady-state motion when the system is subjected to an input force f(t) = 150 cos wt N. co2/Potics (5 marks) d) Determine the critical value of the damping constant ¢ such that there is no resonance peak iin its frequency response when the input frequency @ increases. co2/Po1ica (5 marks) Given: m= 20 kg k= 110 kNim = 500 N-sim (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL 4 EMIDEC 2016/MEC521 QUESTION 3 A turbine rotor of mass 200 kg has an unbalanced mass of 15 kg. It is supported on a foundation which has an equivalent stiffness of 5,000 N/m and a damping ratio of if the rotor is found to vibrate with a deflection of 0.1 m at resonance, determine: i) _ the radial location (eccentricity) of the unbalanced mass, CO2Z/PO3IC4 (5 marks) li) _ the additional mass to be added (uniformly) to the rotor if the deflection of the rotor at resonance is to be reduced to 0.05 m, and co2/Posic4 (5 marks) ili) the peak defle n of the turbine when the frequency ratio (r) varies. co2/Po3ic4 (5 marks) iv) What other options possible for reducing the vibration amplitude? couPotce (5 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA, CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL 5 EMIDEC 2016/MECS521 QUESTION 4 Two masses m, and m, each connected by two springs of stiffness k, are connected by a rigid massless horizontal rod of length | as shown in Figure Q4. a) Derive the equations of motion of the system in terms of the vertical displacement of the C.G. of the system, x(¢), and the rotation about the C.G. of the system, 6(t). co2/Posic2 (10 marks) b) Find the natural frequencies and the mode shapes of the system for m,= 50 kg, 1m, = 150 kg, k = 10000 Nim and 1 = 1m. coziPosic4 (5 marks) c) If the system is initially displaced vertically at the C.G by x(0) = 0.1 m. Obtain the angular displacement 6(t). co2iPOsiC4a (5 marks) La Figure Q4 (© Hak Cipta Universit Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL 6 EM/DEC 2016/MEC521 QUESTION 5 Figure Q5 shows a system of two masses m, and m, which is attached to a tightly stretched string of consistent tension 7 and fixed at both ends. Assuming the tension does no vary with the transverse motion as shown in the Figure. If given that m, =m and m, = 2m and h=h=hel i) Determine the stiffness matrix using influence coefficient method. Co1POt/C2 (4 marks) ii) Estimate the fundamental natural frequency using Rayleigh’s Method (assume appropriate first mode vector as [1 0.5]"). co2/Posic4 (4 marks) iii) Find the flexibility influence coefficient matrix. co1Potic2 (4 marks) iv) _ Estimate the fundamental natural frequency using Dunkeley's method. cozPosica (4 marks) v) Comments on the two estimation values obtain above co1/PO1/C2 (4 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL 2 EMIDEC 2016/MEC521 Figure Q5 END OF QUESTION PAPER (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL, APPENDIX 1 EMIDEC 2016/MEC521 ‘Some useful equations for vibrations analysis Free vibration of an undamped system +w2x = 0; x(t) = x CoS Wnt + =2sin dy t Free vibration with damping system mz + cx + kx = 0; ay = Wy 1—¢* For 0 <¢ < 1;x(t) = e-$*(4, cos wat + Az sinwg t) For ¢ = 1; x(t) = (A, + tA,)e@nt For > 1; x(€) = AyeSWF Dont 4 Aye S-VF Dont Logarithmic decrement, 6 = 2 = 2 In 2+ Forced vibration of undamped system mitkx = Fy cos at; = 0 X(0) = A, costigt + Ap sin wat + -— 2a cos wt Forced vibration of damped system mt + cx'+ kx = Fy coswt; Xp(t) = Xcos(wt — @) where X = G—aytcaa and @ = tan“ Magnification factor, M = Forced damped vibration from base excitation mi + c(e—y)+k@-y) =0 Xp(€) = Xsin(we ~ $) where x = ¥ [_E* | wim)? +Ca) Forced damped vibration from unbalance force Mi + ck + kx = mew*sin wt ata CoP and $ = tan“? Xp(t) = Xsin(wt — p) where X Lagrange's Equation, 4) Eigenvector/ Eigenvalue, {A[/] ~ [k]-1[M]}X = 0,4 Dunkerley's Formula, a © ayymy + az2Mz + $d anMn Yama?" Rayleigh’s Quotient, w? = (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL, Deflections of beams Cantilever Beam (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA APPENDIX 2 EMIDEC 2016/MEC521 po qe Osta a ur -a); ass ard asesl Pbx - can ama) 18) =) p(t - 2) eq OP = as asxsl Osxsa CONFIDENTIAL