Remicade is a brand-name prescription medication. Itâs FDA-approved to treat certain autoimmune diseases in adults and children. These are conditions in which your immune system mistakenly attacks your bodyâs own tissues or organs. Conditions that Remicade is used to treat are:
- Crohnâs disease (in adults as well as children ages 6 years and older). Crohnâs disease is a kind of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in which you have inflammation (swelling) in your digestive tract.
- Ulcerative colitis (in adults as well as children ages 6 years and older). Ulcerative colitis is also a type of IBD, but you have inflammation in your colon (large intestine).
- Rheumatoid arthritis (in adults). With rheumatoid arthritis (RA), you have pain and inflammation in your joints and other body parts.
- Ankylosing spondylitis (in adults). Ankylosing spondylitis is a form of arthritis that mostly affects your spine.
- Psoriatic arthritis (in adults). Psoriatic arthritis is a kind of joint swelling that can occur with the skin condition psoriasis.
- Plaque psoriasis (in adults). Plaque psoriasis is a type of psoriasis in which itchy, discolored patches form on your skin.
Remicade is a treatment option for people whose disease is moderate to severe. For Crohnâs disease, ulcerative colitis, and plaque psoriasis, the drug is usually prescribed for people who tried other medications that didnât ease their symptoms. For more information on how Remicade is used, see the âRemicade usesâ section below.
Remicade drug class and form
Remicade contains the drug infliximab, which is a biologic (a drug made from parts of living organisms). Remicade belongs to a drug class called tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) blockers. A class of drugs is a group of medications that work in a similar way.
Remicade comes as a vial of powder thatâs mixed with a liquid solution. The drug is available in one strength: 100 milligrams (mg).
A healthcare professional will give you Remicade as an IV infusion. This is an injection into your vein thatâs given over a period of time. Remicade infusions are typically about 2 hours long. Youâll usually receive an infusion every few weeks, but the timing depends on the condition thatâs being treated.
Effectiveness
For information on the effectiveness of Remicade, please see the âRemicade usesâ section below.
Remicade is available only as a brand-name medication. It contains the active drug ingredient infliximab.
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved four biosimilar versions of Remicade: Avsola, Inflectra, Ixifi, and Renflexis.
A biosimilar is a medication thatâs similar to a brand-name drug. A generic medication, on the other hand, is an exact copy of the active ingredient in a brand-name drug. Biosimilars are based on biologic medications, which are created from parts of living organisms. Generics are based on regular drugs made from chemicals. Biosimilars and generics also tend to cost less than brand-name medications.
Remicade can cause mild or serious side effects. The following list contains some of the key side effects that may occur while taking Remicade. These lists donât include all possible side effects.
For more information on the possible side effects of Remicade, talk with your doctor or pharmacist. They can also give you tips on how to deal with any side effects that may be bothersome.
Note: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) tracks side effects of drugs they have approved. If you would like to report to the FDA a side effect youâve had with Remicade, you can do so through MedWatch.
More common side effects
The more common side effects of Remicade can include:
- upper respiratory infections, such as a sinus infection or sore throat
- headache
- cough
- pain in your abdomen (belly)
Most of these side effects may go away within a few days or a couple of weeks. But if they become more severe or donât go away, talk with your doctor or pharmacist.
Serious side effects
Serious side effects from Remicade arenât common, but they can occur. Call your doctor right away if you have serious side effects. Call 911 if your symptoms feel life threatening or if you think youâre having a medical emergency.
Serious side effects and their symptoms can include:
- New or worsening heart failure. Symptoms can include:
- shortness of breath
- edema (swelling, typically in your ankles and feet)
- sudden weight gain
- Heart attack. Symptoms can include:
- chest pain or discomfort
- arm pain
- shortness of breath
- anxiety
- lightheadedness or fainting
- sweating
- nausea or vomiting
- Irregular heart rhythms. Symptoms can include:
- fast or slow heart rate
- fluttering heart rate
- pounding in the chest
- Stroke. Symptoms can include:
- weakness on one side of the body
- confusion
- trouble speaking or understanding others
- trouble seeing in one or both eyes
- trouble standing or walking
- dizziness
- severe headache
- Liver problems. Symptoms can include:
- Blood disorders, such as a low level of white blood cells. Symptoms can include:
- bruising or bleeding easily
- pale skin
- fever that lasts longer than 48 hours
- frequent infections
- Nervous system disorders, such as seizures or vision problems. Symptoms can include:
- numbness or tingling of body parts
- weakness in your arms or legs
- vision loss or changes in how you see color
- New or worsening psoriasis (a condition in which itchy, discolored patches form on your skin). Symptoms include:
- scaly patches on skin, which may look pink, red, purple, or dark brown
- raised bumps on skin that are filled with pus
- Infusion reactions (symptoms or side effects that typically occur within 2 hours of your infusion). Symptoms can include:
- itchy skin
- rash
- fever
- chills (feeling cold for no reason)
- chest pain
- low or high blood pressure
- trouble breathing
- Certain cancers,* such as lymphomas (cancers of the lymphatic system). Symptoms can include:
- swollen lymph nodes
- bone pain
- fatigue (lack of energy)
Other serious side effects, explained in more detail below in âSide effect details,â include:
- allergic reaction
- lupus-like syndrome (an immune system reaction)
- serious infections,* such as tuberculosis (TB) or hepatitis B
* Remicade has
Side effects in children
In clinical trials, children with Crohnâs disease or ulcerative colitis had certain side effects more often than adults.
Side effects that occurred more often in children were:
- anemia (low level of red blood cells)
- low level of white blood cells
- flushing
- bacterial and viral infections
- bone fractures
- allergic reactions of the throat and lungs
Your doctor will monitor your child for these side effects during and after Remicade treatment.
Side effect details
You may wonder how often certain side effects occur with this drug, or whether certain side effects pertain to it. Hereâs some detail on several of the side effects this drug may or may not cause. In addition to the information below, you can also refer to this article about Remicadeâs side effects.
Allergic reaction
As with most drugs, you may have an allergic reaction after taking Remicade. In clinical trials of people who took Remicade to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA), at least 0.2% had an allergic reaction. Remicade wasnât compared with a different drug or a placebo (treatment with no active drug.
In a clinical trial of children with Crohnâs disease, 6% of those who took Remicade had an allergic reaction that affected their lungs. Remicade wasnât compared with a different drug or a placebo.
And in a clinical trial of adults with plaque psoriasis, 1% of people who took Remicade had a possible allergic reaction that occurred within 2 weeks after the infusion. Again, Remicade wasnât compared with a different drug or a placebo.
Symptoms of a mild allergic reaction can include:
- skin rash
- itchiness
- flushing
Itâs also possible to have an allergic reaction after taking Remicade for a while. Or you may have an allergic reaction if you receive a Remicade infusion after a break in treatment. In addition to the usual allergic reaction symptoms, you may have:
- fever
- headache
- sore throat
- muscle and joint pain
A more severe allergic reaction is rare but possible. Symptoms of a severe allergic reaction can include:
- swelling under your skin, typically in your eyelids, lips, hands, or feet
- swelling of your tongue, mouth, or throat
- trouble breathing
Call your doctor right away if you have a severe allergic reaction to Remicade. Call 911 if your symptoms feel life threatening or if you think youâre having a medical emergency.
Long-term side effects
Side effects can occur if Remicade is taken over a long period time of time. These long-term side effects are similar to those seen in clinical trials.
In
Safety concerns with
- increased risk of infections, such as TB or hepatitis B
- new or worsening heart failure or other heart problems, such as heart attack
- blood disorders, such as a low level of white blood cells
- liver problems, which can lead to jaundice
- nervous system disorders, such as seizures
- lupus-like syndrome (an immune system reaction)
- increased risk of certain cancers, such as lymphomas (cancers in the lymphatic system)
Some people treated with Remicade develop antibodies to the drug. These antibodies are immune system proteins that mistakenly attack the drug. If this occurs, Remicade may no longer work for you.
If youâre concerned about possible long-term side effects of Remicade, talk with your doctor.
Headache
Headache was one of the most common side effects seen in Remicade clinical trials. For example, 18% of people with RA who received Remicade had headaches. This was compared with 14% of people who took a placebo. Rates of headache may vary depending on what condition youâre using Remicade to treat.
Headache may also be a symptom of infusion reactions. These are symptoms or side effects that occur during or shortly after an infusion. Infusion reactions were one of the most common reasons that people stopped taking Remicade.
A headache may also be part of a delayed allergic reaction. This can occur several hours to days after an infusion.
A severe headache could be a sign of something more serious, such as a stroke. Other signs of a stroke include trouble walking or speaking, dizziness, or confusion.
If you have a headache thatâs very painful or doesnât improve with medication, call your doctor right away. If you feel like youâre having a medical emergency, call 911.
Rash
In a clinical trial of people with RA, 10% of those who took Remicade had rashes. In comparison, rash occurred in 5% of people who took a placebo. Rates of rash may vary depending on what condition youâre using Remicade to treat.
Rash is also a symptom of infusion reactions. These are side effects or symptoms that occur during or shortly after an infusion.
In addition, rash is a common symptom of lupus-like syndrome, an immune system reaction that can occur during Remicade treatment.
If you develop a rash while taking Remicade, talk with your doctor about possible remedies. If the rash is mild, they may recommend topical medication (treatment applied to the skin). If the rash is more serious, they may want you to stop taking Remicade and switch to a different drug.
Fatigue
In clinical trials, 9% of people with RA who took Remicade had fatigue (lack of energy). In comparison, 7% of people who took a placebo had fatigue. Rates of fatigue may vary depending on what condition youâre using Remicade to treat.
Fatigue can also be a symptom of more serious Remicade side effects, such as infections or liver problems.
In addition, fatigue is a common symptom of many autoimmune diseases (conditions in which your immune system attacks your body by mistake). Fatigue may be caused by:
- inflammation (swelling)
- stress
- lack of sleep
- pain
- other factors
If fatigue is affecting your quality of life while you take Remicade, talk with your doctor. They can suggest ways to boost your energy levels.
Joint pain
In clinical trials, 8% of people with RA who took Remicade had joint pain.
Joint pain was also a side effect of delayed reactions, along with muscle pain, fever, and rash.
In addition, joint pain was reported in people whose tuberculosis (TB) or hepatitis B reactivated (came back) or who developed a new case of lupus-like syndrome (an immune system reaction).
Remicade is used to treat conditions that have symptoms such as joint pain. So it may be hard to determine whether Remicade or the disease is causing the joint pain.
If you have new or worsening joint pain, talk with your doctor. Theyâll check to see if there are other conditions that may be causing the pain. Your doctor can also recommend pain medication to help ease your discomfort.
Lupus
Lupus-like syndrome (an immune system reaction) has been reported in clinical trials of Remicade. Symptoms include:
- shortness of breath
- chest pain or discomfort
- joint pain
- rashes on arms or cheeks, which tend to get worse in sunlight
Some people have also had fever, weight loss, and malaise (feeling weak, tired, and not well). Rare but serious symptoms of lupus-like syndrome can include lung inflammation (swelling), nerve problems, and blood clots. Symptoms can occur within months to years of starting Remicade use.
Itâs thought that Remicade causes a lupus-like syndrome because of the development of autoantibodies following treatment. Autoantibodies are immune system proteins made in your body. They can mistakenly attack your own tissues or organs.
If you have lupus-like syndrome, your doctor may recommend that you stop taking Remicade. Symptoms usually go away within weeks to months after ending Remicade treatment.
Cancer, including lymphoma
New cases of cancers* were reported in people who took Remicade in clinical trials and in people taking the drug after it was made available to the public. Cancer cases were also reported in people who took other drugs in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) blocker class. This is the drug class that Remicade is in.
Itâs not clear whether Remicade causes cancer. However, itâs important to note that Remicade has a
Types of cancer
About half of the cancers were lymphomas (cancers in the lymphatic system). Cells in the lymph system usually fight off infections, but they can become cancerous. Types of lymphatic system cancers include Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Other types of cancers reported were skin cancer, cervical cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and the rare hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma.
People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) also had new cases of lung cancer, or head or neck cancer. Many cases of cancer occurred in children, teenagers, and young adults. Most of the new cancer cases occurred in people who were taking additional drugs that reduced the activity of their immune system.
The following people may be at greater risk for developing cancer when taking Remicade:
- those with COPD
- females* older than age 60 years who have RA
- those with Crohnâs disease or ulcerative colitis and who are taking a TNF-alpha blocker as well as azathioprine or methotrexate
- those who have a very active autoimmune disease (a condition in which your immune system attacks your body by mistake) and have been treated for a long time
* Sex and gender exist on spectrums. Use of the term âfemaleâ in this article refers to sex assigned at birth.
Statistics from studies
In clinical trials of various conditions,* new lymphoma cancers occurred at a rate of 1 case for every 1,000 people who took Remicade for a year. This rate is about four times higher than is seen in the general population.
In these trials, new cases of cancer (excluding lymphoma and skin cancer) occurred at a rate of about 5 cases for every 1,000 people who took Remicade for a year. This rate is similar to whatâs expected in the general population.
* Rheumatoid arthritis, Crohnâs disease, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, ulcerative colitis, and plaque psoriasis.
Possible risk of cancer with Remicade
Again, itâs not known whether Remicade actually causes cancer. A review of multiple studies found that the evidence of cancer risk was conflicting. Analyses of studies and registries that collect information from larger populations also have conflicting results.
If you have concerns about cancer, talk with your doctor about your medical history and your risk for cancer. Theyâll explain the benefits and risks of taking Remicade.
Serious infections
Remicade can increase the risk of serious infections.* These infections include tuberculosis (TB), hepatitis B, fungal infections throughout the body, and other bacterial and viral infections.
Remicade has a
In clinical trials of Remicade, 36% of people who took Remicade received treatment for an infection. This was compared with 25% of people who took a placebo. Itâs not known how many people may have had an infection but didnât receive treatment for it.
Serious infections occurred at lower rates, however. For example, in clinical trials of RA, 5.3% of people who took Remicade had a serious infection. This was compared to 3.4% of people who took a placebo. Both groups also took methotrexate.
In one clinical trial of children with ulcerative colitis, 12% of those who took Remicade had a serious infection. Remicade wasnât compared with a different drug or a placebo.
Symptoms of serious infections
Symptoms of serious infections can include:
- cough
- fever
- tiredness
- lack of appetite
- rash
- flu-like symptoms (such as a runny nose, chills, and muscle aches)
Your doctor will monitor you closely for symptoms of infection during and after Remicade treatment. You may need to be treated for an infection before you start to take Remicade. This is for cases in which you have an infection but donât have symptoms yet.
Weight gain
Weight gain wasnât a side effect reported in the initial clinical trials of Remicade.
However, it has been seen in some other studies:
- A
small survey was conducted in people with various conditions who took tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) drugs. This is the drug class that includes Remicade. (A drug class is a group of medications that work in a similar way.) The survey found that 13.3% of the people gained weight. The average weight gain was about 12 pounds (5.5 kilograms). - In another small study, 68% of people with Crohnâs disease gained weight after taking Remicade for a year. Remicade wasnât compared with a different drug or a placebo.
- And in a different
small study of people with psoriasis, those treated with Remicade gained about 6 pounds (2.9 kilograms) on average. In comparison, no weight gain was reported in people who took the psoriasis drugs ustekinumab or secukinumab.
Very sudden weight gain may also be a sign of new or worsening heart failure.
If youâre concerned about weight gain, talk with your doctor about possible causes. They can suggest ways you can manage your weight.
Depression (not a side effect)
Depression wasnât reported as a side effect in Remicade clinical trials. However, many people who have an autoimmune disease (a condition in which your immune system attacks your body by mistake) do have depression because of their disease. This depression may be caused by:
- inflammation (swelling)
- pain
- stress
- lack of sleep
- other factors
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If you think you might have depression, talk with your doctor. They can recommend treatments to help ease your symptoms.
Hair loss (not a side effect)
Hair loss wasnât a side effect reported in clinical trials of Remicade.
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Itâs not known why Remicade causes psoriasis in some people because the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the drug to actually treat psoriasis.
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If your doctor wants you to keep using Remicade, topical treatments may help lessen hair loss due to psoriasis. (Topical treatments are applied to the skin.) If you have any concerns about hair loss, talk with your doctor.
Effects on teeth (not a side effect)
In clinical trials, people who took Remicade didnât have any side effects related to teeth.
However, people taking Remicade are at an increased risk of infections. These can include infections that may occur following dental procedures.
If youâre taking Remicade, talk with your doctor and dentist. They can advise you on how to keep your mouth healthy and help prevent infections related to dental procedures.
Other drugs are available that can treat your condition. Some may be better suited for you than others. If youâre interested in finding an alternative to Remicade, talk with your doctor. They can tell you about other medications that may work well for you.
Note: Some of the drugs listed here are prescribed off-label to treat these specific conditions. Off-label use is when a drug thatâs approved to treat one condition is used to treat a different condition.
Alternatives for moderate to severe Crohnâs disease
According to treatment guidelines, other drugs that may be used to treat Crohnâs disease include:
- oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone
- azathioprine (Azasan, Imuran)
- 6-mercaptopurine (Purinethol, Purixan)
- methotrexate (Trexall, Rasuvo, Otrexup, others)
- adalimumab (Humira, Amjevita, Cyltezo, Hyrimoz)
- vedolizumab (Entyvio)
- natalizumab (Tysabri)
- ustekinumab (Stelara)
Alternatives for ulcerative colitis
According to treatment guidelines, other drugs that may be used to treat ulcerative colitis include:
- oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone
- sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
- mesalamine (Apriso, Asacol HD, Canasa, SfRowasa)
- balsalazide (Colazal, Giazo)
- olsalazine (Dipentum)
- rectal hydrocortisone (Cortifoam)
- azathioprine (Azasan, Imuran)
- 6-mercaptopurine (Purinethol, Purixan)
Alternatives for rheumatoid arthritis
According to treatment guidelines, other drugs that may be used to treat rheumatoid arthritis include:
- oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone
- methotrexate (Trexall, Rasuvo, Otrexup, others)
- sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
- hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil)
- leflunomide (Arava)
- adalimumab (Humira, Amjevita, Cyltezo, Hyrimoz)
- golimumab (Simponi)
- certolizumab pegol (Cimzia)
- etanercept (Enbrel, Erelzi)
- abatacept (Orencia)
- tocilizumab (Actemra)
Alternatives for ankylosing spondylitis
According to treatment guidelines, other drugs may be used to treat ankylosing spondylitis. Some of these drugs are:
- nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn) and celecoxib (Celebrex)
- adalimumab (Humira, Amjevita, Cyltezo, Hyrimoz)
- golimumab (Simponi)
- certolizumab pegol (Cimzia)
- etanercept (Enbrel, Erelzi)
Alternatives for psoriatic arthritis
According to treatment guidelines, other drugs that may be used to psoriatic arthritis are:
- NSAIDS, such as naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn) and celecoxib (Celebrex)
- oral or injectable corticosteroids, such as prednisone, methylprednisolone (Depo-Medrol, Medrol), hydrocortisone (Solu-Cortef)
- methotrexate (Trexall, Rasuvo, Otrexup, others)
- sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
- adalimumab (Humira, Amjevita, Cyltezo, Hyrimoz)
- golimumab (Simponi)
- certolizumab pegol (Cimzia)
- etanercept (Enbrel, Erelzi)
- ustekinumab (Stelara)
- secukinumab (Cosentyx)
- abatacept (Orencia)
Alternatives for plaque psoriasis
According to treatment guidelines, other drugs that may be used to treat plaque psoriasis include:
- topical (treatment applied to the skin) corticosteroids
- topical vitamin D analogues, such as calcipotriene (Dovonex, Enstilar, Sorilux), calcitriol (Vectical)
- topical retinoids, such as tazarotene (Tazorac)
- topical coal tar
- methotrexate (Trexall, Rasuvo, Otrexup, others)
- etanercept (Enbrel, Erelzi)
- adalimumab (Humira, Amjevita, Cyltezo, Hyrimoz)
Like Humira (discussed below), the drug Inflectra (infliximab-dyyb) has uses similar to those of Remicade. Hereâs a comparison of how Remicade and Inflectra are alike and different.
Ingredients
Remicade contains the drug infliximab.
Inflectra contains infliximab-dyyb, a biosimilar of infliximab.
Biosimilars are biologic drugs made from living organisms. They are very similar to another medication (a reference drug) approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Remicade is the reference drug for Inflectra. The â-dyybâ ending is added to the drug name to show that Remicade and Inflectra are two different products.
The FDA has reviewed how safe and effective biosimilars and their reference drugs are. The two medications act in very similar ways in the body. There arenât any major differences in how they work. So the information for Remicade and its biosimilar Inflectra is alike.
Uses
Remicade and Inflectra are FDA-approved to treat people with the following conditions:
- Crohnâs disease (in adults as well as children ages 6 years and older)
- ulcerative colitis (in adults as well as children ages 6 years and older)
- rheumatoid arthritis (in adults)
- ankylosing spondylitis (in adults)
- psoriatic arthritis (in adults)
- plaque psoriasis (in adults)
Remicade and Inflectra are considered treatment options for people whose disease is moderate to severe. For Crohnâs disease, ulcerative colitis, and plaque psoriasis, these drugs are usually prescribed for people who tried other medications that didnât ease their symptoms. For more information on how Remicade is used, see the âRemicade usesâ section below.
Drug forms and administration
Remicade and Inflectra both come as a vial of powder. Your healthcare professional will mix it with a liquid to make a solution.
Both drugs are given as an infusion. This is an injection into your vein thatâs given over a period of time.
Youâll go to your doctorâs office or a clinic to have the infusions. Remicade and Inflectra infusions are usually about 2 hours long. The usual dosing schedule is once every 8 weeks after you complete the first stage of dosing.
Side effects and risks
Because Inflectra is a biosimilar of infliximab (the active drug in Remicade), Inflectra and Remicade have the same side effects. Examples of common and serious side effects for each drug are listed below.
More common side effects
This list contains more common side effects that can occur with both Remicade and Inflectra (when taken individually):
- headache
- upper respiratory infections, such as a sinus infection or sore throat
- cough
- pain in your abdomen (belly)
Serious side effects
Here are examples of serious side effects that can occur with Remicade and Inflectra (when taken individually):
- infusion reactions (side effects or symptoms that occur during or shortly after an infusion), such as rash
- irregular heart rhythms
- stroke
- certain cancers,* such as lymphomas (cancers of the lymphatic system)
- serious infections,* such as tuberculosis (TB) or hepatitis B
- heart failure or other heart problems, such as heart attack
- liver damage, such as jaundice (yellowing of your skin and the white of your eyes)
- blood disorders (such as a low level of white blood cells)
- nerve disorders, such as seizures
- allergic reaction
- lupus-like syndrome, an immune system reaction
- psoriasis
* Remicade and Inflectra have
Effectiveness
Remicade and Inflectra have the same FDA-approved uses.
The FDA has reviewed how safe and effective Remicade biosimilars, such as Inflectra, are. Remicade and Inflectra act in very similar ways in the body. There arenât any major differences in how they work.
A
A
However, current evidence of the long-term effectiveness of Remicade compared with its biosimilars is limited.
Costs
Remicade and Inflectra are both brand-name drugs. Remicade has four biosimilars: Avsola, Inflectra, Ixifi, and Renflexis. Inflectra is a biosimilar of Remicade.
A biosimilar is a medication thatâs similar to a brand-name drug. A generic medication, on the other hand, is an exact copy of the active ingredient in a brand-name drug. Biosimilars are based on biologic medications, which are created from parts of living organisms. Generics are based on regular drugs made from chemicals. Biosimilars and generics also tend to cost less than brand-name medications.
Remicade generally costs more than Inflectra per vial. The actual price youâll pay for either drug depends on your dose, your location, and your insurance plan.
Note: For more details about how Remicade and Inflectra compare, you can refer to this article.
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approves prescription drugs such as Remicade to treat certain conditions. Remicade may also be prescribed off-label for other conditions. Off-label use is when a drug thatâs approved to treat one condition is used to treat a different condition.
Approved uses for Remicade
Remicade is approved by the FDA to treat several autoimmune diseases (conditions in which your immune system attacks your body by mistake).
Remicade for Crohnâs disease
Crohnâs disease is a kind of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in which you have inflammation (swelling) in your digestive tract. To learn more, you can refer to our IBD hub.
Remicade is FDA-approved to treat moderate to severe Crohnâs disease in adults as well as children ages 6 years and older. Itâs approved for use when other commonly used medications havenât eased Crohnâs disease symptoms well enough.
Remicade for ulcerative colitis
Ulcerative colitis is also a type of IBD, but you have inflammation in your colon (large intestine). To learn more about ulcerative colitis, you can refer to our IBD hub.
Remicade is FDA-approved to treat moderate to severe ulcerative colitis in adults as well as children ages 6 years and older. Itâs approved for use when other conventional medications havenât eased ulcerative colitis symptoms well enough.
Remicade for plaque psoriasis
Plaque psoriasis is a type of psoriasis in which itchy patches form on your skin. The patches may be pink, red, purple, or brown. To learn more about this condition, you can see our psoriasis hub.
Remicade is FDA-approved to treat chronic, severe plaque psoriasis in adults who:
- can take oral or injectable drugs that are systemic (work throughout the body)
- canât take other conventional medications
Remicade for rheumatoid arthritis
With rheumatoid arthritis (RA), you have pain and inflammation in your joints and other body parts. For details about this condition, refer to our RA hub.
Remicade is FDA-approved to treat moderate to severe RA in adults. Itâs used with the drug methotrexate.
Remicade for ankylosing spondylitis
Ankylosing spondylitis is a form of arthritis that mostly affects your spine. To learn more about this condition, you can see our arthritis hub.
Remicade is approved by the FDA to treat active ankylosing spondylitis in adults. âActiveâ means that you currently have symptoms.
Remicade for psoriatic arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis is a kind of joint swelling that can occur with the skin condition psoriasis.
Remicade is FDA-approved to treat active psoriatic arthritis in adults. âActiveâ means that you currently have symptoms.
To learn more about psoriatic arthritis, you can see our psoriasis hub and arthritis hub.
Remicade effectiveness
Here are some examples of the effectiveness of Remicade in clinical studies:
- Crohnâs disease in adults. In a clinical trial, adults with Crohnâs disease took Remicade. Between 39% and 46% of them were in disease remission (free from symptoms) after 30 weeks. In comparison, 25% of people who had one dose of Remicade followed by a placebo (treatment with no active drug) every 8 weeks had this result.
- Crohnâs disease in children. In a clinical trial, children with Crohnâs disease took Remicade every 8 weeks or every 12 weeks. After 30 weeks of treatment, 60% of those who took Remicade every 8 weeks were free from symptoms. In comparison, 35% of children who took Remicade every 12 weeks had this response. Remicade wasnât compared with a different drug or a placebo.
- Ulcerative colitis in adults. In clinical trials, people with ulcerative colitis took Remicade. Between 26% and 37% of them were free from symptoms after 30 weeks. In comparison, between 11% and 16% of people who took a placebo had this result.
- Ulcerative colitis in children. In a clinical trial, children with ulcerative colitis took Remicade every 8 weeks or every 12 weeks. Of those who took Remicade every 8 weeks, 38% were free from symptoms after 54 weeks. Of those who took the drug every 12 weeks, 18% had this result. Remicade wasnât compared with a different drug or a placebo.
- Rheumatoid arthritis. In a clinical trial, people with rheumatoid arthritis took Remicade or a placebo. Both groups also took methotrexate. After 30 weeks, between 26% and 31% of the Remicade group saw a 50% improvement in symptoms. In comparison, 5% of people in the placebo group had this result.
- Ankylosing spondylitis. In a clinical trial, people with ankylosing spondylitis took Remicade or a placebo. After 24 weeks, 44% of those who took Remicade saw their symptoms improve by at least 50%. In comparison, 9% of people who took a placebo had this result.
- Psoriatic arthritis. In a clinical trial, people with psoriatic arthritis took Remicade or a placebo. After 6 months, 41% of those who took Remicade saw their symptoms improve by at least 50%. In comparison, 4% of people who took a placebo had this result.
- Plaque psoriasis. In a clinical trial, people with plaque psoriasis took Remicade or placebo. After 10 weeks, 80% of those who took Remicade had no symptoms or minimal symptoms. In comparison, 4% of people who took a placebo had these results.
In many of these cases, people took other medications with Remicade. Examples of these drugs are methotrexate and corticosteroids, such as prednisone. How well Remicade works for you will depend on many factors. These include the symptoms of your disease, other health conditions you have, other medications you take, and your dose and treatment schedule.
Uses that are not approved
The FDA hasnât approved Remicade to treat conditions other than the ones mentioned above. But sometimes the drug may be used off-label for other inflammatory diseases, which involve inflammation (swelling). Some of these conditions include:
- granulomatosis with polyangiitis (a disease that damages small blood vessels)
- severe hidradenitis suppurativa (a skin condition)
- synovitis (swelling in joints)
- severe juvenile idiopathic arthritis (a type of arthritis that affects children)
- adult-onset Stillâs disease (an illness that often causes fatigue and swelling)
- Takayasuâs arteritis (a rare blood vessel disease)
- uveitis (swelling in the eye)
Remicade for children
Remicade is approved by the FDA to treat children ages 6 years and older with moderate to severe Crohnâs disease or moderate to severe ulcerative colitis.
For information on the effectiveness of Remicade in treating these conditions, see the âRemicade effectivenessâ section above.
As with all medications, the cost of Remicade can vary. The actual price youâll pay depends on your insurance coverage and your location.
Your insurance plan may require you to get prior authorization before approving coverage for Remicade. This means that your doctor and insurance company will need to communicate about your prescription before the insurance company will cover the drug. The insurance company will review the request and let you and your doctor know if your plan will cover Remicade.
If youâre not sure if youâll need to get prior authorization for Remicade, contact your insurance company.
Financial assistance
If you need financial support to pay for Remicade, help is available. Janssen, the manufacturer of Remicade, offers a program called Janssen CarePath. Other programs may also be available, depending on your insurance coverage. For more information and to find out if youâre eligible for support, visit the drugâs website.
The Remicade dosage that your doctor prescribes will depend on several factors. These include:
- the condition youâre using Remicade to treat
- how much you weigh
- how well your body responds to Remicade treatment
The following information describes dosages that are commonly used or recommended. Your doctor will determine the best dosage to suit your needs.
Drug forms and strengths
Remicade comes as a vial of powder, and each vial contains 100 milligrams (mg) of infliximab (the active drug in Remicade). Your healthcare professional will add a liquid to the vial to make a solution.
Then the healthcare professional will give you the Remicade solution as an infusion. This is an injection into your vein thatâs given over a period of time.
Remicade infusions are typically about 2 hours long.
Dosage for FDA-approved indications
Your Remicade dosage will be based on your weight and the condition youâre taking Remicade for.
Remicade is given in two stages: an induction (beginning) stage and a maintenance stage.
In the induction stage, youâll receive Remicade infusions at week 0, week 2, and week 6. After the induction stage, youâll receive maintenance infusions every 6 or 8 weeks.
You may need higher doses or more frequent doses to help control your condition.
Crohnâs disease, ulcerative colitis, plaque psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis
Crohnâs disease, ulcerative colitis, plaque psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis have the same recommended dosing for adults. Youâll receive induction infusions of 5 milligrams per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg)* at weeks 0, 2, and 6. Then youâll have maintenance infusions of 5 mg/kg every 8 weeks thereafter.
Hereâs an example of how Remicade dosages are usually calculated: Someone weighing 176 pounds (lb), which is around 80 kilograms (kg)*, and taking Remicade for Crohnâs disease would receive a dose of about 400 mg in each infusion.
* One kg equals about 2.2 lb.
Rheumatoid arthritis
For rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in adults, the recommended dosing is induction infusions of 3 mg/kg at weeks 0, 2, and 6. Then youâll have maintenance infusions of 3 mg/kg every 8 weeks thereafter. If needed in some cases, infusions may be given every 4 weeks.
Ankylosing spondylitis
For ankylosing spondylitis in adults, the recommended dosing is induction infusions of 5 mg/kg at weeks 0, 2, and 6. Then youâll have maintenance infusions of 5 mg/kg every 6 weeks thereafter.
Pediatric dosage
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Remicade to treat Crohnâs disease or ulcerative colitis in children.
The dosage for children is the same as for adults. The induction (beginning) stage of dosing is 5 mg/kg (5 mg/2.2 lb) at weeks 0, 2, and 6. Thatâs followed by maintenance dosing of 5 mg/kg every 8 weeks.
What if I miss a dose?
Itâs important to attend all your infusion visits. This gives you the best chance of improving your condition. If you regularly miss infusion appointments, your condition may worsen.
If you canât make an appointment or forget to go, call your doctorâs office right away. The staff can reschedule your infusion. They may adjust the timing of your next visit based on when you had your most recent infusion.
When you make an appointment, write it down on a calendar. Or put a reminder on your phone so you can stay on track with your infusions.
Will I need to use this drug long term?
Remicade is meant to be used as a long-term treatment. If you and your doctor determine that Remicade is safe and effective for you, youâll likely take it long term.
Note: For more information about Remicadeâs dosage, you can refer to this article.
You may wonder how Remicade compares with other medications that are prescribed for similar uses. Here we look at how Remicade and Humira are alike and different.
Ingredients
Remicade contains the drug infliximab. Humira contains the drug adalimumab.
Uses
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved both Remicade and Humira to treat the following conditions:
- Crohnâs disease (in adults as well as children ages 6 years and older)
- ulcerative colitis (in adults as well as children ages 6 years and older for Remicade; in adults as well as children ages 5 years and older for Humira)
- rheumatoid arthritis (in adults)
- ankylosing spondylitis (in adults)
- psoriatic arthritis (in adults)
- plaque psoriasis (in adults)
Humira is also FDA-approved to treat:
- juvenile idiopathic arthritis (in children ages 2 years and older)
- hidradenitis suppurativa (in adults as well as children ages 12 years and older)
- types of uveitis (in adults as well as children ages 2 years and older)
Remicade and Humira are considered treatment options for people whose disease is moderate to severe. For Crohnâs disease, ulcerative colitis, and plaque psoriasis, the drugs are usually prescribed for people who tried other medications that didnât ease their symptoms. For more information on how Remicade is used, see the âRemicade usesâ section below.
Drug forms and administration
Remicade comes as a vial of powder. Your healthcare professional will mix it with a liquid to make a solution. They will then give you the Remicade solution as an infusion. This is an injection into your vein thatâs given over a period of time.
Youâll go to your doctorâs office or a clinic to have the infusions. Remicade infusions are typically around 2 hours long. The usual dosing schedule is once every 8 weeks after you complete the first stage of dosing.
Humira comes in three forms:
- a prefilled, single-dose syringe
- a prefilled, single-dose pen
- a single-dose vial for use only by a healthcare professional
Humira is given as an injection just under your skin (subcutaneous). A healthcare professional can give you the injections, or you can inject yourself at home. The usual dosing schedule is one injection every other week.
Side effects and risks
Remicade and Humira work in different ways but have some similar side effects. Examples of common and serious side effects for each drug are listed below.
People in both Remicade clinical trials and Humira clinical trials had side effects. But these may be symptoms of other side effects. For example, a fever may be a symptom of an infection. Side effects may overlap between the drugs.
More common side effects
Here are examples of more common side effects that can occur with Remicade, with Humira, or with both drugs (when taken individually).
- Can occur with Remicade:
- Can occur with Humira:
- injection site reactions (discoloration, swelling, or pain where you had the injection)
- rash
- Can occur with both Remicade and Humira:
- headache
- pain in your abdomen (belly)
- upper respiratory infections, such as a sinus infection or sore throat
Serious side effects
Here are examples of serious side effects that can occur with Remicade, with Humira, or with both drugs (when taken individually).
- Can occur with Remicade:
- infusion reactions (side effects or symptoms that occur during or shortly after an infusion), such as rash
- irregular heart rhythms
- stroke
- certain cancers,* such as lymphomas (cancers of the lymphatic system)
- Can occur with Humira:
- few unique serious side effects
- Can occur with both Remicade and Humira:
- serious infections,* such as tuberculosis (TB) or hepatitis B
- heart failure or other heart problems, such as heart attack
- liver problems, such as jaundice (yellowing of your skin and the white of your eyes)
- blood disorders (such as a low level of white blood cells)
- nerve disorders, such as seizures
- allergic reaction
- lupus-like syndrome, an immune system reaction
- psoriasis
* Remicade and Humira have
Effectiveness
Remicade and Humira have different FDA-approved uses. But theyâre both used to treat the following conditions:
- Crohnâs disease
- ulcerative colitis
- rheumatoid arthritis
- ankylosing spondylitis
- psoriatic arthritis
- plaque psoriasis
These drugs havenât been directly compared in clinical studies, but studies have found both Remicade and Humira to be effective for treating the conditions mentioned above.
Costs
Remicade and Humira are both brand-name drugs. Biosimilars of both Remicade and Humira are FDA-approved.
- Remicadeâs biosimilars are Inflectra, Ixifi, Avsola, and Renflexis.
- Humiraâs biosimilars are Hadlima, Cyltezo, Hyrimoz, Abrilada, and Amjevita.
A biosimilar is a medication thatâs similar to a brand-name drug. A generic medication, on the other hand, is an exact copy of the active ingredient in a brand-name drug. Biosimilars are based on biologic medications, which are created from parts of living organisms. Generics are based on regular drugs made from chemicals. Biosimilars and generics also tend to cost less than brand-name medications.
The cost of Remicade and Humira depends on many factors, including the form used, the dosage, and the length of treatment.
Some peopleâs immune systems will develop antidrug antibodies to Remicade. Antibodies are immune system proteins that the body develops in response to foreign substances. Antibodies to Remicade will mistakenly attack the drug and clear it from your body more quickly.
Developing antibodies to Remicade can cause the drug to be less effective for you. It may also increase your risk of having a reaction to Remicade infusions. If you have a reaction, your doctor may recommend switching to a different medication.
In
If youâre taking higher doses of Remicade or taking Remicade with other drugs, youâre more likely to develop antibodies to Remicade.
If you have any questions about antibodies and Remicade, talk with your doctor.
If you can become pregnant, are breastfeeding, or using birth control, itâs important to consider whether Remicade is a safe choice for you.
You can also refer to this article for more information. If you have additional questions, talk with your doctor.
Remicade and alcohol donât interact with each other.
While you take Remicade, itâs important to follow a healthy lifestyle. This helps your immune system work as well as possible.
Drinking too much alcohol can reduce the activity of your immune system. When your immune system isnât strong enough to fight germs, you may be at risk for serious infections.*
Remicade has been linked to serious liver problems, which can lead to jaundice (yellowing of your skin and the white of your eyes). Drinking too much alcohol can damage your liver as well. So taking Remicade while drinking too much alcohol can increase your risk for liver problems.
If you drink alcohol, and you want to drink it during treatment with Remicade, talk with your doctor about whether this is safe for you.
* Remicade has a
Remicade is often used with other drugs in certain situations.
Combination therapy with methotrexate and other drugs
Your doctor may prescribe medication for you to take with Remicade to better control your symptoms. These drugs often ease inflammation (swelling) by treating different parts of your immune system than Remicade does.
For example, the American College of Gastroenterology recommends combination therapy for people with moderate to severe Crohnâs disease. The guidelines suggest using Remicade with medications such as azathioprine (Azasan, Imuran) or methotrexate (Otrexup, Rasuvo, RediTrex, Trexall, Xatmep). They also recommend taking corticosteroids, such as prednisone, with Remicade or other similar drugs.
Examples of other medications that may be used with Remicade to treat symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) include:
- nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB), celecoxib (Celebrex)
- corticosteroids, such as prednisone
- opioids, such as hydrocodone (Hysingla)
Examples of other medications that may be used with Remicade to treat symptoms of plaque psoriasis include:
- topical (treatment applied to the skin) corticosteroids, such as betamethasone (Beta-Val)
- topical calcipotriene (Dovonex, Enstilar, Sorilux)
- coal tar
Many of the conditions that Remicade treats can also be treated with similar additional medications. Talk with your doctor about the safety and effectiveness of all over-the-counter or prescription drugs youâre considering for your treatment.
Infusion reaction medications
Some people may have mild or moderate reactions during or shortly after receiving Remicade. Examples of possible symptoms include:
- fever
- chills (feeling cold for no reason)
- itchy skin
- chest pain
- low or high blood pressure
- shortness of breath
Itâs common to take medications shortly before Remicade treatment to help prevent these reactions. These premedications include:
- antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- acetaminophen (Tylenol)
- corticosteroids, such as prednisone
Remicade can interact with several other medications. It can also interact with certain supplements and foods.
Different interactions can cause different effects. For instance, some interactions can interfere with how well a drug works. Other interactions can increase the number of side effects or make them more severe.
Remicade and other medications
Below is a list of medications that can interact with Remicade. This list doesnât contain all drugs that may interact with Remicade.
Before taking Remicade, talk with your doctor and pharmacist. Tell them about all prescription, over-the-counter, and other drugs you take. Also tell them about any vitamins, herbs, and supplements you use. Sharing this information can help you avoid potential interactions.
If you have questions about drug interactions that may affect you, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
Remicade with methotrexate
Itâs not known exactly whether Remicade and methotrexate interact with each other. However, Remicade is prescribed with methotrexate for many autoimmune diseases (conditions in which your immune system attacks your body by mistake). These include rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis.
In fact, taking methotrexate with Remicade may lower the risk of developing antibodies to Remicade. (Antibodies are immune system proteins that attack substances, such as Remicade, and can make them less effective.) Methotrexate may also increase how much Remicade circulates through your body. In both cases, Remicade may be more effective.
Itâs also possible that taking Remicade with another medication that reduces the activity of your immune system could increase your risk for infections and cancer.* Your doctor will monitor you closely for infections and cancer if you take Remicade, with or without methotrexate.
* Remicade has
Remicade and certain medications that reduce activity of the immune system
Taking Remicade with certain biologic medications (drugs made from living organisms) can further reduce your immune system activity. This increases your risk for serious infections.*
Examples of medications that can reduce the activity of the immune system and should not be taken with Remicade include:
- anakinra (Kineret)
- abatacept (Orencia)
- tocilizumab (Actemra)
- adalimumab (Humira)
- golimumab (Simponi)
- natalizumab (Tysabri)
- ustekinumab (Stelara)
- vedolizumab (Entyvio)
- etanercept (Enbrel)
- tofacitinib (Xeljanz)
If youâre taking any of these medications, talk with your doctor before you start taking Remicade. They may recommend other treatment options.
* Remicade has a
Remicade and live vaccines
You shouldnât receive live vaccines while taking Remicade. The drug decreases your immune systemâs ability to fight infections.* So you may be at risk for the infection that the vaccine typically helps prevent.
Examples of live vaccines to avoid while taking Remicade include:
Before starting Remicade, make sure youâre up to date on all vaccines. If you need a live vaccine, get it before you start your Remicade treatment.
Live vaccines and babies
If you took Remicade while pregnant, your baby shouldnât get live vaccines until theyâre at least 6 months old. Babies exposed to Remicade before birth and who get vaccines too soon can have a higher risk for infections, serious complications, or death.
Here are some live vaccines that your baby shouldnât receive for at least 6 months after birth:
- rotavirus vaccine
- MMR vaccine
- Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine (a specific tuberculosis [TB] vaccine)
If you have questions about what vaccines your baby needs and when they should have them, talk with your childâs doctor.
* Remicade has a
Remicade and warfarin
Taking Remicade with warfarin (Jantoven) may affect how quickly your body metabolizes (breaks down) warfarin. This could change how effective warfarin is at helping prevent blood clots. When you start or stop taking Remicade, your doctor will monitor your bodyâs response to warfarin. You may need a different dose of warfarin.
Remicade and theophylline
Taking Remicade with theophylline (Theocron, Theo-24, others) may affect how your body metabolizes (breaks down) theophylline. This could change how safe and effective theophylline will be. When you start or stop taking Remicade, your doctor will monitor your bodyâs response to theophylline. You may need a different dose of theophylline.
Remicade and cyclosporine
Taking Remicade with cyclosporine (Restasis, Sandimmune, others) may affect how your body metabolizes (breaks down) cyclosporine. This could change how safe and effective cyclosporine will be. When you start or stop taking Remicade, your doctor will monitor your bodyâs response to cyclosporine. You may need a different dose of cyclosporine.
Remicade and herbs and supplements
There arenât any herbs or supplements that have been specifically reported to interact with Remicade, according to the drugâs manufacturer.
However, you should still check with your doctor or pharmacist before using any of these products while taking Remicade.
Remicade and foods
There arenât any foods that have been specifically reported by the manufacturer that interact with Remicade. If you have any questions about eating certain foods with Remicade, talk with your doctor.
Here are answers to some frequently asked questions about Remicade.
Will I have withdrawal symptoms if I stop taking Remicade?
No, you wonât have actual withdrawal symptoms. These are symptoms that occur when you stop taking a drug your body has become dependent on. But you may have more symptoms of your condition or they may worsen if you stop taking Remicade.
In a small study, researchers tested the outcomes of stopping Remicade treatment. They found that 72.1% of people needed medication to treat their condition after they stopped taking Remicade.
This study included people with Crohnâs disease. They were in clinical remission (free from symptoms) at the time they stopped using Remicade. People stayed symptom free for an average of 1 year after they stopped taking Remicade.
If you have questions about what to expect when your doctor ends your Remicade treatment, talk with them.
Is Remicade a form of chemotherapy?
No, Remicade isnât a form of chemotherapy. Remicade is a biologic, which means itâs made from living organisms. Specifically, Remicade is monoclonal antibody thatâs made from immune system cells in a lab. Monoclonal antibodies only block the activity of certain proteins in the body.
Chemotherapy, on the other hand, is a chemical drug that destroys rapidly growing cells throughout the body. Itâs typically used to treat cancer. Chemotherapy medications affect many types of cells and organs. This is different from the very specific actions of monoclonal antibodies, such as Remicade.
Can Remicade cause cancer?
Itâs not clear whether Remicade causes cancer.
There have been reports of new or unusual cancers* with the use of Remicade and other drugs in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) blockers class. (A class of drugs is a group of medications that work in a similar way.)
Some of the cancers included lymphoma (cancer of the lymphatic system), skin cancer, and cervical cancer. Many of the cases occurred in younger males,â with the exception of cervical cancer.
However, in a review of multiple studies, the evidence for cancer risk was conflicting. Analyses of studies and registries that collect information from larger populations have also had conflicting results.
If you have concerns about cancer, talk with your doctor about your medical history and your risk for cancer. Theyâll explain the benefits and risks of taking Remicade. For more information about Remicade and cancer, see the âRemicade side effectsâ section above.
* Remicade has a
â Sex and gender exist on spectrums. Use of the term âmaleâ in this article refers to sex assigned at birth.
Could Remicade stop working for me?
Yes. Remicade may become less effective for you over time. This can occur if your bodyâs immune system starts to recognize Remicade as a foreign invader and makes antibodies to Remicade. Antibodies are immune system proteins that fight foreign substances, including medications such as Remicade.
If your body makes anti-Remicade antibodies, the drug will clear from your system faster and wonât be as effective.
Remicade may also stop working for a time because of stress, dietary choices, or other health conditions.
If youâre concerned about how effective Remicade is in treating your condition, talk with your doctor.
Can I get vaccines while being treated with Remicade?
Yes and no. You can get inactive (not live) vaccines while taking Remicade. Inactive vaccines are made from germs that have been killed. Many of the vaccines that doctors recommend are inactive.
However, Remicade can reduce your immune systemâs ability to fight infections.* So you should not get live vaccines during treatment. Live vaccines are made from weakened forms of germs. Examples of live vaccines to avoid while taking Remicade include the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine and the yellow fever vaccine. For more information, see the âRemicade interactionsâ section above.
Before you start taking Remicade, check with your doctor to see if youâre up to date on your vaccines.
* Remicade has a
Remicade is used to treat certain autoimmune diseases. These are conditions in which your immune system mistakenly attacks your bodyâs own tissues or organs.
Remicade blocks the action of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Itâs an immune system protein in your body thatâs involved in inflammation (swelling).
Most people with autoimmune diseases have higher-than-usual levels of TNF-alpha and too much inflammation. By blocking the activity of TNF-alpha, Remicade helps limit your immune systemâs attack on healthy organs and body parts.
How long does it take to work?
Remicade starts to affect your immune system right away. But you may not see your symptoms improve for several days to weeks.
This drug comes with several precautions.
FDA warnings
This drug has
Serious infections. People who take Remicade have an increased risk for serious infections that may lead to a hospital stay or death. These include tuberculosis (TB), fungal infections throughout the body, and other bacterial and viral infections. Before you start taking Remicade, your doctor will test you for TB and monitor you for it during your treatment. If you develop a serious infection while using Remicade, your doctor will have you stop taking the drug.
Cancers. Certain cancers, including lymphoma (cancer of the lymphatic system) and skin cancer, have been reported in people who took Remicade or other medications called tumor necrosis factor (TNF) blockers. (Remicade is a TNF blocker.) Some of the cases that occurred in children and teens were fatal.
One specific kind of lymphoma was hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma. Most of the people who developed it were teenage or young adult males* who had ulcerative colitis or Crohnâs disease. Nearly all of them were also taking a TNF blocker with the drugs azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine.
Your doctor will screen you regularly for cancer during and after Remicade treatment.
* Sex and gender exist on spectrums. Use of the term âmaleâ in this article refers to sex assigned at birth.
Other precautions
Before taking Remicade, talk with your doctor about your health history. Remicade may not be right for you if you have certain medical conditions. These include:
- Current infections. Remicade can reduce the activity of your immune system, making it less able to fight germs. This can lead to serious infections. Talk with your doctor about any current or past infections youâve had. If you have a history of certain infections, you may need to delay starting Remicade until the infection has been treated.
- Cancers. Cancers have been reported in people treated with Remicade. Tell your doctor if youâve had cancer in the past. They can discuss the risks and benefits of Remicade treatment.
- Hepatitis B. Remicade can reactivate the hepatitis B virus if you were infected with the virus in the past. Your doctor will test you for hepatitis B before you start taking Remicade. If you test positive for hepatitis B, your doctor will monitor you closely for signs and symptoms of the virus during your Remicade treatment. You may require more treatment for hepatitis B.
- Liver damage. Severe liver damage has been reported in people who received Remicade. In certain cases, liver damage led to liver failure, liver transplant, and death. Talk with your doctor about any history of liver damage or liver disease you have. Theyâll monitor you closely for signs and symptoms of worsening liver function during your Remicade treatment.
- Heart failure. People have had new or worsening heart failure while receiving Remicade. Certain doses of Remicade arenât safe for people with moderate or severe heart failure. Tell your doctor if you have heart failure or a history of heart disease. Theyâll discuss the risks and benefits of Remicade treatment.
- Blood disorders. Blood disorders, including low levels of white blood cells, have been reported with Remicade treatment. Some cases have led to death. Tell your doctor if you have a history of blood disorders. Theyâll monitor you closely for signs and symptoms of worsening blood disorders while you receive Remicade.
- Serious infusion reactions. People have had serious cardiovascular (heart and blood vessel) or brain problems during or within hours of receiving a Remicade infusion. Examples of these problems include heart attack, stroke, low or high blood pressure, and irregular heart rhythms (heartbeat thatâs too fast, too slow, or irregular). Tell your doctor if you have a history of serious infusion reactions or cardiovascular or brain problems. Theyâll monitor you closely during and after your infusions.
- Nervous system reactions. Some people have had new or worsening central nervous system disorders while taking Remicade. These include seizures and multiple sclerosis. Tell your doctor if you have a nervous system disorder or had one in the past. Theyâll monitor you closely for new or worsening symptoms during your Remicade treatment.
- Allergic reaction. If youâve had a severe allergic reaction to Remicade or any of its ingredients, you shouldnât take Remicade. Ask your doctor what other treatments are better choices for you.
- Pregnancy. Itâs not known whether Remicade is safe to take during pregnancy. For more information, please see the âRemicade and pregnancyâ section above.
- Breastfeeding. Breastfeeding while taking Remicade isnât recommended. For more information, please see the âRemicade and breastfeedingâ section above.
Note: For more information about the potential negative effects of Remicade, see the âRemicade side effectsâ section above.
The following information is provided for clinicians and other healthcare professionals.
Indications
Remicade (infliximab) is FDA-approved to treat the following:
- Crohnâs disease
- pediatric Crohnâs disease (ages 6 years and older)
- ulcerative colitis
- pediatric ulcerative colitis (ages 6 years and older)
- rheumatoid arthritis
- ankylosing spondylitis
- psoriatic arthritis
- plaque psoriasis
Administration
Remicade is administered by intravenous infusion.
Mechanism of action
Remicade is a monoclonal antibody that binds to tumor necrosis factor-alpha ligand and prevents it from binding to receptors. This results in decreased downstream immune system activation, including induction, migration, and activity of cytokines and immune system proteins and cells.
Pharmacokinetics and metabolism
Distribution is primarily in the vasculature. Metabolism is expected to occur via catabolism to smaller peptides and amino acids.
The median terminal half-life of Remicade is 7.7 to 9.5 days. There is no evidence of systemic accumulation following repeated doses, but clearance is increased in the presence of anti-infliximab antibodies.
Age, weight, and gender have no effect on clearance or volume of distribution.
Contraindications
Remicade in doses greater than 5 mg/kg is contraindicated for use in people with moderate to severe heart failure.
Remicade is also contraindicated in people with:
- a history of severe hypersensitivity reactions to the drug
- a history of hypersensitivity to any component of the drug or to murine proteins
Storage
Unopened vials of Remicade should be stored in the refrigerator at temperatures of 36°F to 46°F (2°C to 8°C).
Unopened vials may also be stored at room temperature (maximum of 86°F/30°C) for up to 6 months (but not exceeding the original expiration date). If storing vials at room temperature, the new expiration date should be written on the carton. Do not return the vials to the refrigerator.
Remicade vials do not contain preservatives.
Disclaimer: Medical News Today has made every effort to make certain that all information is factually correct, comprehensive, and up to date. However, this article should not be used as a substitute for the knowledge and expertise of a licensed healthcare professional. You should always consult your doctor or another healthcare professional before taking any medication. The drug information contained herein is subject to change and is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. The absence of warnings or other information for a given drug does not indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective, or appropriate for all patients or all specific uses.