Jon is a writer from California and now floats somewhere on an island in the Mediterranean. He thinks most issues can be solved by petting a good dog, and he spends plenty of time doing so. Time not spent at his desk is probably spent making art or entertaining humans or other animals.\n"},"avatar":{"title":"","width":500,"height":500,"src":"https://post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/06/500x500_Jon_Johnson.png"}}],"medicalReviewers":[{"id":552,"name":{"display":"Kevin Martinez, M.D.","first":"Kevin","last":"Martinez, MD"},"userLogin":"kevindmartinez2","links":{"website":"","facebook":"","linkedin":"","twitter":"","instagram":"","tiktok":""},"link":"/reviewers/kevin-martinez-md","type":{"value":"medical_reviewer","label":"Medical Advisor"},"nid":"163135","specialties":[],"guestTitle":"","bio":{"text":"
This individual is no longer a medical reviewer in our network. The credentials and contact information reflected here may not be current.\n
Fungal infections, such as athlete’s foot and ringworm, occur when one type of fungal microbe becomes too prevalent in one area of the body so that the immune system cannot defeat it.
Like many microbes, there are helpful fungi and harmful fungi. When harmful fungi invade the body, they can be difficult to kill, as they can survive in the environment and re-infect the person trying to get better.
In this article, we take a look at who is most at risk of getting a fungal infection and what the symptoms and treatment options are for some common types.
The following conditions are all common types of fungal infections.
Athlete’s foot
Tinea pedis or athlete’s foot is a common fungal infection that affects the foot.
Athlete’s foot is commonly associated with sports and athletes because the fungus grows perfectly in warm, moist environments, such as socks and shoes, sports equipment, and locker rooms.
In reality, anyone may be affected by athlete’s foot. It is most common in warmer climates and summer months, where it can quickly multiply.
Symptoms
Athlete’s foot is a common infection where the fungus grows in warm and moist environments.
The symptoms of athlete’s foot may vary slightly from person to person and can look red on lighter skin tones but appear dark brown on darker skin tones. Classic symptoms include:
itching, stinging, or burning sensations in the infected area
Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention
Not all itchy feet are the result athlete’s foot. Doctors usually diagnose the infection by scraping scaling skin off of a person and inspecting it under a microscope for evidence of any fungus.
There are a few different fungi that can cause athlete’s foot. The infection may behave differently depending on the specific fungus that is infecting the skin.
Athlete’s foot is often treated with topical antifungal ointments, which are available to purchase over-the-counter or online. Severe infections can require additional oral medications as well. The feet will also need to be cared for and kept dry to help kill the fungus.
Prevention methods include allowing the feet plenty of air to breathe and keeping them clean and dry. It is a good idea to wear sandals in public showers or locker rooms.
An overgrowth of Candida disrupts the normal balance of the bacteria and yeast in the vagina. This imbalance of bacteria may be due to antibiotics, stress, hormone imbalances, or poor eating habits, among other things.
Candida infections can also commonly cause fungal toenail infections and diaper rash.
Symptoms A yeast infection may commonly cause fungal toenail infections.
Symptoms of a yeast infection include:
itching and swelling around the vagina
burning sensations or pain during urination or intercourse
redness and soreness on and surrounding the vagina
unusual vaginal discharge, such as gray clumps that resemble cottage cheese or a very watery discharge
A rash may develop over time in some cases. Yeast infections should be treated quickly, as the symptoms may become severe if left untreated.
Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention
The classic symptoms of a yeast infection make them easy to diagnose. Doctors may ask about the person’s medical history, such as any previous yeast infections or sexually transmitted infections (STIs). They may also ask whether the person was recently taking antibiotics.
Doctors will then examine the vaginal walls and cervix for signs of infection, taking cells from the vagina if necessary for proper diagnosis.
Treatment of yeast infections depends on their severity. Standard treatments include creams, tablets, or suppositories, which are available via prescription, over-the-counter, or online. Complicated infections may require complex treatments.
Avoiding yeast infections begins with a balanced diet and proper hygiene. Wearing loose-fitting clothing made from natural fibers may also help prevent infection. Washing underwear in very hot water and changing feminine products often can also help prevent fungal growth.
Jock itch
Tinea cruris, commonly known as jock itch, is another common fungal skin infection.
These fungi love warm and damp environments and thrive in moist areas of the body, such as the groin, buttocks, and inner thighs. Jock itch may be more common in summer or in warm, humid areas of the world.
Jock itch is mildly contagious and is often spread through direct contact with an infected person or an object that is carrying the fungus.
SymptomsThrush can affect the genital area in men as well as women.
Jock itch appears on the body as an itchy, rash that often has a circular shape to it. Symptoms include:
groin, buttocks, or thighs can be red, flaky, or scaly, and on darker skin, the rash may appear gray or brown
chafing, irritation, itching, or burning in the infected area
a rash with a circular shape and raised edges
cracking, flaking, or dry peeling of the skin in the infected area
Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention
Jock itch has a very particular look and can usually be identified based on its appearance. If doctors are uncertain, they may take a skin sample to inspect and confirm their diagnosis.
Treating jock itch usually involves topical antifungal ointments and proper hygiene. Many cases of jock itch are improved by over-the-counter medications, though some require prescription medications. Cleaning the affected area and keeping it dry can also help kill the fungus.
Jock itch can be prevented by wearing loose-fitting natural fibers, such as cotton underwear which is available to buy online. Avoiding contact with others who have the infection is also important. Avoiding shared items, such as towels and sporting equipment may also help.
Ringworm
Tinea corporis or ringworm is a skin infection caused by a fungus that lives on dead tissues, such as the skin, hair, and nails. Ringworm is a fungus that causes both jock itch and athlete’s foot. When it appears anywhere else on the body, the infection is just called ringworm.
Symptoms
Ringworm is a skin infection that causes jock itch and athlete’s foot.
Ringworm is usually easy to notice because of its shape. A patch that may itch or be scaly will often turn into a raised, ring-shaped patch of skin over time. It may even spread out into several rings.
The outside of this ring may appear red on light skin and gray or brown on skin of color, and may also appear raised or bumpy, while the inside of the ring will appear clear and healthy and the edges of the ring may spread outward.
Ringworm is highly contagious, and it can be transmitted by skin-to-skin contact, or from contact with pets, such as dogs. The fungus may also survive on objects, such as towels, clothes, and brushes.
The ringworm fungus also infects soil and mud, so people who play or work in infected dirt may catch ringworm as well.
Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention
Other skin conditions may look like ringworm, so doctors will sometimes want to take a skin sample to inspect for the fungus.
After confirming a diagnosis, doctors will recommend a treatment, depending on how severe the symptoms are.
Creams and medicated ointments are often sufficient to treat many cases of ringworm and may be purchased over-the-counter or online. Ringworm of the scalp or severe ringworm may require a prescription.
Basic hygiene can help treat and prevent ringworm as well. Keeping the skin clean and dry can help avoid infection.
Safety in public includes wearing sandals into public showers or locker rooms and avoiding shared items and towels.
When the body comes into contact with certain fungi and the immune system is weakened or compromised, there is a chance that a person may develop a fungal infection. Many fungal infections are also caused by an overgrowth of fungus that naturally lives on our skin.
Fungal infections are very common, and most people may get one at some point.
How long does a fungal infection take to heal?
The symptoms of a fungal infection, such as itchiness, may go away after a few days of treatment. Skin discoloration and scaliness may take up to a few weeks to completely heal.
Will fungal infection go away on its own?
Fungal infections usually don’t go away if left untreated. In fact, leaving them untreated may cause them to spread or worsen.
Most fungal skin infections can be treated with over-the-counter or prescription creams. Severe infections may require additional methods.
Taking preventive action can go a long way towards avoiding fungal skin infections as well.
It is always best to notify a doctor at the first sign of infection to avoid possible serious complications. By working directly with a doctor, most cases of fungal skin infections can be easily treated.
Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We only use quality, credible sources to ensure content accuracy and integrity. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy.
