🔥 Large Language Models(LLM) have taken the NLP community AI community the Whole World by storm. Here is a curated list of papers about large language models, especially relating to ChatGPT. It also contains frameworks for LLM training, tools to deploy LLM, courses and tutorials about LLM and all publicly available LLM checkpoints and APIs.

• Deep-Live-Cam - real time face swap and one-click video deepfake with only a single image (uncensored).
• MiniCPM-V 2.6 - A GPT-4V Level MLLM for Single Image, Multi Image and Video on Your Phone
• GPT-SoVITS - 1 min voice data can also be used to train a good TTS model! (few shot voice cloning).

• Awesome-LLM
  • Milestone Papers
  • Other Papers
  • LLM Leaderboard
  • Open LLM
  • LLM Data
  • LLM Evaluation
  • LLM Training Framework
  • LLM Deployment
  • LLM Applications
  • LLM Books
  • Great thoughts about LLM
  • Miscellaneous

If you're interested in the field of LLM, you may find the above list of milestone papers helpful to explore its history and state-of-the-art. However, each direction of LLM offers a unique set of insights and contributions, which are essential to understanding the field as a whole. For a detailed list of papers in various subfields, please refer to the following link:

• Awesome-LLM-hallucination - LLM hallucination paper list.

• awesome-hallucination-detection - List of papers on hallucination detection in LLMs.

• LLMsPracticalGuide - A curated list of practical guide resources of LLMs

• Awesome ChatGPT Prompts - A collection of prompt examples to be used with the ChatGPT model.

• awesome-chatgpt-prompts-zh - A Chinese collection of prompt examples to be used with the ChatGPT model.

• Awesome ChatGPT - Curated list of resources for ChatGPT and GPT-3 from OpenAI.

• Chain-of-Thoughts Papers - A trend starts from "Chain of Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Models.

• Awesome Deliberative Prompting - How to ask LLMs to produce reliable reasoning and make reason-responsive decisions.

• Instruction-Tuning-Papers - A trend starts from Natrural-Instruction (ACL 2022), FLAN (ICLR 2022) and T0 (ICLR 2022).

• LLM Reading List - A paper & resource list of large language models.

• Reasoning using Language Models - Collection of papers and resources on Reasoning using Language Models.

• Chain-of-Thought Hub - Measuring LLMs' Reasoning Performance

• Awesome GPT - A curated list of awesome projects and resources related to GPT, ChatGPT, OpenAI, LLM, and more.

• Awesome GPT-3 - a collection of demos and articles about the OpenAI GPT-3 API.

• Awesome LLM Human Preference Datasets - a collection of human preference datasets for LLM instruction tuning, RLHF and evaluation.

• RWKV-howto - possibly useful materials and tutorial for learning RWKV.

• ModelEditingPapers - A paper & resource list on model editing for large language models.

• Awesome LLM Security - A curation of awesome tools, documents and projects about LLM Security.

• Awesome-Align-LLM-Human - A collection of papers and resources about aligning large language models (LLMs) with human.

• Awesome-Code-LLM - An awesome and curated list of best code-LLM for research.

• Awesome-LLM-Compression - Awesome LLM compression research papers and tools.

• Awesome-LLM-Systems - Awesome LLM systems research papers.

• awesome-llm-webapps - A collection of open source, actively maintained web apps for LLM applications.

• awesome-japanese-llm - 日本語LLMまとめ - Overview of Japanese LLMs.

• Awesome-LLM-Healthcare - The paper list of the review on LLMs in medicine.

• Awesome-LLM-Inference - A curated list of Awesome LLM Inference Paper with codes.

• Awesome-LLM-3D - A curated list of Multi-modal Large Language Model in 3D world, including 3D understanding, reasoning, generation, and embodied agents.

• LLMDatahub - a curated collection of datasets specifically designed for chatbot training, including links, size, language, usage, and a brief description of each dataset

• Awesome-Chinese-LLM - 整理开源的中文大语言模型，以规模较小、可私有化部署、训练成本较低的模型为主，包括底座模型，垂直领域微调及应用，数据集与教程等。

• LLM4Opt - Applying Large language models (LLMs) for diverse optimization tasks (Opt) is an emerging research area. This is a collection of references and papers of LLM4Opt.

• awesome-language-model-analysis - This paper list focuses on the theoretical or empirical analysis of language models, e.g., the learning dynamics, expressive capacity, interpretability, generalization, and other interesting topics.

• Chatbot Arena Leaderboard - a benchmark platform for large language models (LLMs) that features anonymous, randomized battles in a crowdsourced manner.
• Open LLM Leaderboard - aims to track, rank, and evaluate LLMs and chatbots as they are released.
• ACLUE - an evaluation benchmark focused on ancient Chinese language comprehension.
• AlpacaEval - An Automatic Evaluator for Instruction-following Language Models using Nous benchmark suite.
• BeHonest - A pioneering benchmark specifically designed to assess honesty in LLMs comprehensively.
• Berkeley Function-Calling Leaderboard - evaluates LLM's ability to call external functions/tools.
• Chinese Large Model Leaderboard - an expert-driven benchmark for Chineses LLMs.
• CompassRank - CompassRank is dedicated to exploring the most advanced language and visual models, offering a comprehensive, objective, and neutral evaluation reference for the industry and research.
• CompMix - a benchmark evaluating QA methods that operate over a mixture of heterogeneous input sources (KB, text, tables, infoboxes).
• DreamBench++ - a benchmark for evaluating the performance of large language models (LLMs) in various tasks related to both textual and visual imagination.
• FELM - a meta-benchmark that evaluates how well factuality evaluators assess the outputs of large language models (LLMs).
• InfiBench - a benchmark designed to evaluate large language models (LLMs) specifically in their ability to answer real-world coding-related questions.
• LawBench - a benchmark designed to evaluate large language models in the legal domain.
• LLMEval - focuses on understanding how these models perform in various scenarios and analyzing results from an interpretability perspective.
• M3CoT - a benchmark that evaluates large language models on a variety of multimodal reasoning tasks, including language, natural and social sciences, physical and social commonsense, temporal reasoning, algebra, and geometry.
• MathEval - a comprehensive benchmarking platform designed to evaluate large models' mathematical abilities across 20 fields and nearly 30,000 math problems.
• MixEval - a ground-truth-based dynamic benchmark derived from off-the-shelf benchmark mixtures, which evaluates LLMs with a highly capable model ranking (i.e., 0.96 correlation with Chatbot Arena) while running locally and quickly (6% the time and cost of running MMLU).
• MMedBench - a benchmark that evaluates large language models' ability to answer medical questions across multiple languages.
• MMToM-QA - a multimodal question-answering benchmark designed to evaluate AI models' cognitive ability to understand human beliefs and goals.
• OlympicArena - a benchmark for evaluating AI models across multiple academic disciplines like math, physics, chemistry, biology, and more.
• PubMedQA - a biomedical question-answering benchmark designed for answering research-related questions using PubMed abstracts.
• SciBench - benchmark designed to evaluate large language models (LLMs) on solving complex, college-level scientific problems from domains like chemistry, physics, and mathematics.
• SuperBench - a benchmark platform designed for evaluating large language models (LLMs) on a range of tasks, particularly focusing on their performance in different aspects such as natural language understanding, reasoning, and generalization.
• SuperLim - a Swedish language understanding benchmark that evaluates natural language processing (NLP) models on various tasks such as argumentation analysis, semantic similarity, and textual entailment.
• TAT-DQA - a large-scale Document Visual Question Answering (VQA) dataset designed for complex document understanding, particularly in financial reports.
• TAT-QA - a large-scale question-answering benchmark focused on real-world financial data, integrating both tabular and textual information.
• VisualWebArena - a benchmark designed to assess the performance of multimodal web agents on realistic visually grounded tasks.
• We-Math - a benchmark that evaluates large multimodal models (LMMs) on their ability to perform human-like mathematical reasoning.
• WHOOPS! - a benchmark dataset testing AI's ability to reason about visual commonsense through images that defy normal expectations.

• Meta
  • Llama 3.2-1|3|11|90B
  • Llama 3.1-8|70|405B
  • Llama 3-8|70B
  • Llama 2-7|13|70B
  • Llama 1-7|13|33|65B
  • OPT-1.3|6.7|13|30|66B
• Mistral AI
  • Codestral-7|22B
  • Mistral-7B
  • Mixtral-8x7B
  • Mixtral-8x22B
• Google
  • Gemma2-9|27B
  • Gemma-2|7B
  • RecurrentGemma-2B
  • T5
• Apple
  • OpenELM-1.1|3B
• Microsoft
  • Phi1-1.3B
  • Phi2-2.7B
  • Phi3-3.8|7|14B
• AllenAI
  • OLMo-7B
• xAI
  • Grok-1-314B-MoE
• Cohere
  • Command R-35B
• DeepSeek
  • DeepSeek-Math-7B
  • DeepSeek-Coder-1.3|6.7|7|33B
  • DeepSeek-VL-1.3|7B
  • DeepSeek-MoE-16B
  • DeepSeek-v2-236B-MoE
  • DeepSeek-Coder-v2-16|236B-MOE
• Alibaba
  • Qwen-1.8B|7B|14B|72B
  • Qwen1.5-0.5B|1.8B|4B|7B|14B|32B|72B|110B|MoE-A2.7B
  • Qwen2-0.5B|1.5B|7B|57B-A14B-MoE|72B
  • Qwen2.5-0.5B|1.5B|3B|7B|14B|32B|72B
  • CodeQwen1.5-7B
  • Qwen2.5-Coder-1.5B|7B|32B
  • Qwen2-Math-1.5B|7B|72B
  • Qwen2.5-Math-1.5B|7B|72B
  • Qwen-VL-7B
  • Qwen2-VL-2B|7B|72B
  • Qwen2-Audio-7B
• 01-ai
  • Yi-34B
  • Yi1.5-6|9|34B
  • Yi-VL-6B|34B
• Baichuan
  • Baichuan-7|13B
  • Baichuan2-7|13B
• Nvidia
  • Nemotron-4-340B
• BLOOM
  • BLOOMZ&mT0
• Zhipu AI
  • GLM-2|6|10|13|70B
  • CogVLM2-19B
• OpenBMB
  • MiniCPM-2B
  • OmniLLM-12B
  • VisCPM-10B
  • CPM-Bee-1|2|5|10B
• RWKV Foundation
  • RWKV-v4|5|6
• ElutherAI
  • Pythia-1|1.4|2.8|6.9|12B
• Stability AI
  • StableLM-3B
  • StableLM-v2-1.6|12B
  • StableCode-3B
• BigCode
  • StarCoder-1|3|7B
  • StarCoder2-3|7|15B
• DataBricks
  • MPT-7B
  • DBRX-132B-MoE
• Shanghai AI Laboratory
  • InternLM2-1.8|7|20B
  • InternLM-Math-7B|20B
  • InternLM-XComposer2-1.8|7B
  • InternVL-2|6|14|26

• LLMDataHub
• IBM data-prep-kit - Open-Source Toolkit for Efficient Unstructured Data Processing with Pre-built Modules and Local to Cluster Scalability.

• lm-evaluation-harness - A framework for few-shot evaluation of language models.
• MixEval - A reliable click-and-go evaluation suite compatible with both open-source and proprietary models, supporting MixEval and other benchmarks.
• lighteval - a lightweight LLM evaluation suite that Hugging Face has been using internally.
• OLMO-eval - a repository for evaluating open language models.
• instruct-eval - This repository contains code to quantitatively evaluate instruction-tuned models such as Alpaca and Flan-T5 on held-out tasks.
• simple-evals - Eval tools by OpenAI.
• Giskard - Testing & evaluation library for LLM applications, in particular RAGs
• LangSmith - a unified platform from LangChain framework for: evaluation, collaboration HITL (Human In The Loop), logging and monitoring LLM applications.
• Ragas - a framework that helps you evaluate your Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) pipelines.

• DeepSpeed - DeepSpeed is a deep learning optimization library that makes distributed training and inference easy, efficient, and effective.
• Megatron-DeepSpeed - DeepSpeed version of NVIDIA's Megatron-LM that adds additional support for several features such as MoE model training, Curriculum Learning, 3D Parallelism, and others.
• torchtune - A Native-PyTorch Library for LLM Fine-tuning.
• torchtitan - A native PyTorch Library for large model training.
• NeMo Framework - Generative AI framework built for researchers and PyTorch developers working on Large Language Models (LLMs), Multimodal Models (MMs), Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), Text to Speech (TTS), and Computer Vision (CV) domains.
• Megatron-LM - Ongoing research training transformer models at scale.
• Colossal-AI - Making large AI models cheaper, faster, and more accessible.
• BMTrain - Efficient Training for Big Models.
• Mesh Tensorflow - Mesh TensorFlow: Model Parallelism Made Easier.
• maxtext - A simple, performant and scalable Jax LLM!
• GPT-NeoX - An implementation of model parallel autoregressive transformers on GPUs, based on the DeepSpeed library.

Reference: llm-inference-solutions

• SGLang - SGLang is a fast serving framework for large language models and vision language models.
• vLLM - A high-throughput and memory-efficient inference and serving engine for LLMs.
• TGI - a toolkit for deploying and serving Large Language Models (LLMs).
• exllama - A more memory-efficient rewrite of the HF transformers implementation of Llama for use with quantized weights.
• llama.cpp - LLM inference in C/C++.
• ollama - Get up and running with Llama 3, Mistral, Gemma, and other large language models.
• Langfuse - Open Source LLM Engineering Platform 🪢 Tracing, Evaluations, Prompt Management, Evaluations and Playground.
• FastChat - A distributed multi-model LLM serving system with web UI and OpenAI-compatible RESTful APIs.
• mistral.rs - Blazingly fast LLM inference.
• MindSQL - A python package for Txt-to-SQL with self hosting functionalities and RESTful APIs compatible with proprietary as well as open source LLM.
• SkyPilot - Run LLMs and batch jobs on any cloud. Get maximum cost savings, highest GPU availability, and managed execution -- all with a simple interface.
• Haystack - an open-source NLP framework that allows you to use LLMs and transformer-based models from Hugging Face, OpenAI and Cohere to interact with your own data.
• Sidekick - Data integration platform for LLMs.
• QA-Pilot - An interactive chat project that leverages Ollama/OpenAI/MistralAI LLMs for rapid understanding and navigation of GitHub code repository or compressed file resources.
• Shell-Pilot - Interact with LLM using Ollama models(or openAI, mistralAI)via pure shell scripts on your Linux(or MacOS) system, enhancing intelligent system management without any dependencies.
• LangChain - Building applications with LLMs through composability
• Floom AI gateway and marketplace for developers, enables streamlined integration of AI features into products
• Swiss Army Llama - Comprehensive set of tools for working with local LLMs for various tasks.
• LiteChain - Lightweight alternative to LangChain for composing LLMs
• magentic - Seamlessly integrate LLMs as Python functions
• wechat-chatgpt - Use ChatGPT On Wechat via wechaty
• promptfoo - Test your prompts. Evaluate and compare LLM outputs, catch regressions, and improve prompt quality.
• Agenta - Easily build, version, evaluate and deploy your LLM-powered apps.
• Serge - a chat interface crafted with llama.cpp for running Alpaca models. No API keys, entirely self-hosted!
• Langroid - Harness LLMs with Multi-Agent Programming
• Embedchain - Framework to create ChatGPT like bots over your dataset.
• Opik - Confidently evaluate, test, and ship LLM applications with a suite of observability tools to calibrate language model outputs across your dev and production lifecycle.
• IntelliServer - simplifies the evaluation of LLMs by providing a unified microservice to access and test multiple AI models.
• OpenLLM - Fine-tune, serve, deploy, and monitor any open-source LLMs in production. Used in production at BentoML for LLMs-based applications.
• DeepSpeed-Mii - MII makes low-latency and high-throughput inference, similar to vLLM powered by DeepSpeed.
• Text-Embeddings-Inference - Inference for text-embeddings in Rust, HFOIL Licence.
• Infinity - Inference for text-embeddings in Python
• TensorRT-LLM - Nvidia Framework for LLM Inference
• FasterTransformer - NVIDIA Framework for LLM Inference(Transitioned to TensorRT-LLM)
• Flash-Attention - A method designed to enhance the efficiency of Transformer models
• Langchain-Chatchat - Formerly langchain-ChatGLM, local knowledge based LLM (like ChatGLM) QA app with langchain.
• Search with Lepton - Build your own conversational search engine using less than 500 lines of code by LeptonAI.
• Robocorp - Create, deploy and operate Actions using Python anywhere to enhance your AI agents and assistants. Batteries included with an extensive set of libraries, helpers and logging.
• LMDeploy - A high-throughput and low-latency inference and serving framework for LLMs and VLs
• Tune Studio - Playground for devs to finetune & deploy LLMs
• LLocalSearch - Locally running websearch using LLM chains
• AI Gateway — Gateway streamlines requests to 100+ open & closed source models with a unified API. It is also production-ready with support for caching, fallbacks, retries, timeouts, loadbalancing, and can be edge-deployed for minimum latency.
• talkd.ai dialog - Simple API for deploying any RAG or LLM that you want adding plugins.
• Wllama - WebAssembly binding for llama.cpp - Enabling in-browser LLM inference
• GPUStack - An open-source GPU cluster manager for running LLMs
• MNN-LLM -- A Device-Inference framework, including LLM Inference on device(Mobile Phone/PC/IOT)
• CAMEL - First LLM Multi-agent framework.

• AdalFlow - AdalFlow: The library to build&auto-optimize LLM applications.
• dspy - DSPy: The framework for programming—not prompting—foundation models.
• YiVal — Evaluate and Evolve: YiVal is an open-source GenAI-Ops tool for tuning and evaluating prompts, configurations, and model parameters using customizable datasets, evaluation methods, and improvement strategies.
• Guidance — A handy looking Python library from Microsoft that uses Handlebars templating to interleave generation, prompting, and logical control.
• LangChain — A popular Python/JavaScript library for chaining sequences of language model prompts.
• Evidently — An open-source framework to evaluate, test and monitor ML and LLM-powered systems.
• FLAML (A Fast Library for Automated Machine Learning & Tuning): A Python library for automating selection of models, hyperparameters, and other tunable choices.
• Chainlit — A Python library for making chatbot interfaces.
• Guardrails.ai — A Python library for validating outputs and retrying failures. Still in alpha, so expect sharp edges and bugs.
• Semantic Kernel — A Python/C#/Java library from Microsoft that supports prompt templating, function chaining, vectorized memory, and intelligent planning.
• Prompttools — Open-source Python tools for testing and evaluating models, vector DBs, and prompts.
• Outlines — A Python library that provides a domain-specific language to simplify prompting and constrain generation.
• Promptify — A small Python library for using language models to perform NLP tasks.
• Scale Spellbook — A paid product for building, comparing, and shipping language model apps.
• PromptPerfect — A paid product for testing and improving prompts.
• Weights & Biases — A paid product for tracking model training and prompt engineering experiments.
• OpenAI Evals — An open-source library for evaluating task performance of language models and prompts.
• LlamaIndex — A Python library for augmenting LLM apps with data.
• Arthur Shield — A paid product for detecting toxicity, hallucination, prompt injection, etc.
• LMQL — A programming language for LLM interaction with support for typed prompting, control flow, constraints, and tools.
• ModelFusion - A TypeScript library for building apps with LLMs and other ML models (speech-to-text, text-to-speech, image generation).
• Flappy — Production-Ready LLM Agent SDK for Every Developer.
• GPTRouter - GPTRouter is an open source LLM API Gateway that offers a universal API for 30+ LLMs, vision, and image models, with smart fallbacks based on uptime and latency, automatic retries, and streaming. Stay operational even when OpenAI is down
• QAnything - A local knowledge base question-answering system designed to support a wide range of file formats and databases.
• OneKE — A bilingual Chinese-English knowledge extraction model with knowledge graphs and natural language processing technologies.
• llm-ui - A React library for building LLM UIs.
• Wordware - A web-hosted IDE where non-technical domain experts work with AI Engineers to build task-specific AI agents. We approach prompting as a new programming language rather than low/no-code blocks.
• Wallaroo.AI - Deploy, manage, optimize any model at scale across any environment from cloud to edge. Let's you go from python notebook to inferencing in minutes.
• Dify - An open-source LLM app development platform with an intuitive interface that streamlines AI workflows, model management, and production deployment.
• LazyLLM - An open-source LLM app for building multi-agent LLMs applications in an easy and lazy way, supports model deployment and fine-tuning.
• MemFree - Open Source Hybrid AI Search Engine, Instantly Get Accurate Answers from the Internet, Bookmarks, Notes, and Docs. Support One-Click Deployment
• unslothai - A framework that specializes in efficient fine-tuning. On its GitHub page, you can find ready-to-use fine-tuning templates for various LLMs, allowing you to easily train your own data for free on the Google Colab cloud.

• llm-course - Course to get into Large Language Models (LLMs) with roadmaps and Colab notebooks.
• UWaterloo CS 886 - Recent Advances on Foundation Models.
• CS25-Transformers United
• ChatGPT Prompt Engineering
• Princeton: Understanding Large Language Models
• CS324 - Large Language Models
• State of GPT
• A Visual Guide to Mamba and State Space Models
• Let's build GPT: from scratch, in code, spelled out.
• minbpe - Minimal, clean code for the Byte Pair Encoding (BPE) algorithm commonly used in LLM tokenization.
• femtoGPT - Pure Rust implementation of a minimal Generative Pretrained Transformer.
• Neurips2022-Foundational Robustness of Foundation Models
• ICML2022-Welcome to the "Big Model" Era: Techniques and Systems to Train and Serve Bigger Models
• GPT in 60 Lines of NumPy

• Generative AI with LangChain: Build large language model (LLM) apps with Python, ChatGPT, and other LLMs - it comes with a GitHub repository that showcases a lot of the functionality
• Build a Large Language Model (From Scratch) - A guide to building your own working LLM.
• BUILD GPT: HOW AI WORKS - explains how to code a Generative Pre-trained Transformer, or GPT, from scratch.
• Hands-On Large Language Models: Language Understanding and Generation - Explore the world of Large Language Models with over 275 custom made figures in this illustrated guide!

• Why did all of the public reproduction of GPT-3 fail?
• A Stage Review of Instruction Tuning
• LLM Powered Autonomous Agents
• Why you should work on AI AGENTS!
• Google "We Have No Moat, And Neither Does OpenAI"
• AI competition statement
• Prompt Engineering
• Noam Chomsky: The False Promise of ChatGPT
• Is ChatGPT 175 Billion Parameters? Technical Analysis
• The Next Generation Of Large Language Models
• Large Language Model Training in 2023
• How does GPT Obtain its Ability? Tracing Emergent Abilities of Language Models to their Sources
• Open Pretrained Transformers
• Scaling, emergence, and reasoning in large language models

• Arize-Phoenix - Open-source tool for ML observability that runs in your notebook environment. Monitor and fine tune LLM, CV and Tabular Models.
• Emergent Mind - The latest AI news, curated & explained by GPT-4.
• ShareGPT - Share your wildest ChatGPT conversations with one click.
• Major LLMs + Data Availability
• 500+ Best AI Tools
• Cohere Summarize Beta - Introducing Cohere Summarize Beta: A New Endpoint for Text Summarization
• chatgpt-wrapper - ChatGPT Wrapper is an open-source unofficial Python API and CLI that lets you interact with ChatGPT.
• Open-evals - A framework extend openai's Evals for different language model.
• Cursor - Write, edit, and chat about your code with a powerful AI.
• AutoGPT - an experimental open-source application showcasing the capabilities of the GPT-4 language model.
• OpenAGI - When LLM Meets Domain Experts.
• EasyEdit - An easy-to-use framework to edit large language models.
• chatgpt-shroud - A Chrome extension for OpenAI's ChatGPT, enhancing user privacy by enabling easy hiding and unhiding of chat history. Ideal for privacy during screen shares.

This is an active repository and your contributions are always welcome!

I will keep some pull requests open if I'm not sure if they are awesome for LLM, you could vote for them by adding 👍 to them.

If you have any question about this opinionated list, do not hesitate to contact me [email protected].