Aesop's Fables
By Aesop
4/5
()
About this ebook
Aesop’s Fables is a collection of stories attributed to Aesop (c. 620-560 BCE), thought to have been a slave in ancient Greece. Aesop’s fables are generally short, feature animals talking and acting like humans, and are instructive, typically ending with a moral lesson.
HarperPerennial Classics brings great works of literature to life in digital format, upholding the highest standards in ebook production and celebrating reading in all its forms. Look for more titles in the HarperPerennial Classics collection to build your digital library.
Aesop
Aesop was a fabulist or story teller credited with a number of fables now collectively known as Aesop's Fables. Although his existence remains uncertain and (if they ever existed) no writings by him survive, numerous tales credited to him were gathered across the centuries and in many languages in a storytelling tradition that continues to this day. Many of the tales are characterized by animals and inanimate objects that speak, solve problems, and generally have human characteristics.
Read more from Aesop
Aesop's Fables: The Classic Edition by acclaimed illustrator, Charles Santore Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Aesop's Fables: Bedtime Stories (Illustrated) Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsAesop's Fables - 284 Fables Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5Aesop's Fables Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5The Aesop for Children Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Fables: Aesop; Translated by Roger L'Estrange; Illustrated by Stephen Gooden Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Aesop's Fables (Illustrated Edition): Amazing Animal Tales for Little Children Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsAesop's Fables Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Aesop's Fables - Timeless Wisdom and Moral Lessons Through Enchanting Tales for Readers of All Ages Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsFables Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Fables of Aesop Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Complete Fables Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratings
Related to Aesop's Fables
Related ebooks
Aesop's Fables Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Fables: unabridged edition Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Aesop Fables: {Illustrated} Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Aesop’s Fables (Illustrated) Rating: 1 out of 5 stars1/5Aesop’s Fables Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Aesop's Fables Translated by George Fyler Townsend Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5The Collected Fables of Aesop: The Complete Works PergamonMedia Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsAesop's Fables: Ancient Wisdom for Modern Readers Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsAesop's Fables: A New Revised Version From Original Sources Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsFantastic Fables Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsAesop's Fables; a new translation Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Aesop for Children Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsAesop's Favorite Fables: More Than 130 Classic Fables for Children! (Children’s Classic Collections) Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Aesop for Children: With pictures by Milo Winter Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5Aesop's Fables (Illustrated by Arthur Rackham with an Introduction by G. K. Chesterton) Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsSome of Aesop's Fables with Modern Instances Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsAesop's Fables (EireannPress) Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Aesop: Complete Fables Collection (ReadOn Classics) Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Complete Fables Of Aesop Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsAesop: The Complete Fables [newly updated] (Manor Books Publishing) (The Greatest Writers of All Time) Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsAesop's Fables (Golden Deer Classics) Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Aesop's Fables (NTMC Classics) Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Aesop's Fables (Lecture Club Classics) Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5AESOP'S FABLES Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5The Classic Treasury of Aesop's Fables Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5The Complete Fables (WSBLD Classics) Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Aesop for Children (Aesop's Fables for Children) Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsHarvard Classics Volume 17: Folklore And Fable, Aesop, Grimm, Anderson Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsAesop's Fables (Illustrated Edition): Amazing Animal Tales for Little Children Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratings
Children's For You
Summary of Good Energy by Casey Means:The Surprising Connection Between Metabolism and Limitless Health Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Graveyard Book Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Cedric The Shark Get's Toothache: Bedtime Stories For Children, #1 Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Alice In Wonderland: The Original 1865 Unabridged and Complete Edition (Lewis Carroll Classics) Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsSummary of The Anxious Generation by Jonathan Haidt: How the Great Rewiring of Childhood Is Causing an Epidemic of Mental Illness Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Witch of Blackbird Pond: A Newbery Award Winner Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5Number the Stars: A Newbery Award Winner Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5The Dark Is Rising Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Little House in the Big Woods Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Into the Wild: Warriors #1 Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5Poop in My Soup Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5The School for Good and Evil: Now a Netflix Originals Movie Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Island of the Blue Dolphins: A Newbery Award Winner Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Twas the Night Before Christmas Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Bridge to Terabithia Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Peter Pan Complete Text Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Amari and the Night Brothers Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Fever 1793 Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Coraline Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Pete the Kitty Goes to the Doctor Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Julie of the Wolves Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5The Secret Garden: The 100th Anniversary Edition with Tasha Tudor Art and Bonus Materials Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Stuart Little Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Terrifying Tales to Tell at Night: 10 Scary Stories to Give You Nightmares! Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Little House on the Prairie Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5A Long Walk to Water: Based on a True Story Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Newton's Laws: A Fairy Tale Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratings
Reviews for Aesop's Fables
26 ratings42 reviews
- Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5A cute collection of morality stories/fables collected into this volume. I have read it so many times--as an adult, as a kid, as a teen--and each time I take something different away from it. I love it.In fact, I took a tattoo idea from the Tortise and the Hare fable, and added to it my desire to travel, and voila! Two different ways to travel, but in my case, there isn't necessarily a correct one.
- Rating: 3 out of 5 stars3/5Aesops's Fables are short and sweet and easy to read for most ages. A number of the stories are very clever, all with a point or moral to be learned in the end. There are quite a few in this book that I have never heard before, many not as creative as the common Aesop's Fables I grew up knowing; however it was fun to read through them.
- Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Just as relevant as ever.
- Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5short little proverbs usually using animals to tell a morality stories. Some of these proverbs are often spoken but wonder how many know whence they come? Remind me of the Proverbs from the Bible. Rating 3.75
- Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5Classic stories for people of any age. I have had a copy since I was little and it almost always is displayed on one of my shelves. It is full of small tales you have probably heard over and over, but delightfully do not grow old. There were wonderful illustrations as well.
- Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5This book contains 82 of Aesop's fables. Many of these short stories with a moral of the story at the end, I have never heard before. Many, many of these early stories have morals that I never knew the origin of - A stitch in time saves nine, honesty is the best policy. These moral little sayings have withstood the test of time.
- Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Brilliant stuff, but some of the morals seem to contradict others. For example, The Ant And The Grasshopper teaches one to always prepare for the future, whereas The Frogs Desiring A King has the moral "Let well enough alone!" I think most adults can see the nuances differentiating those two stories, but a child might not be able to. And while some stories speak of the importance of teamwork, some exalt individual toughness and refusal to play along with others. So why do I still give this 4 stars? Because of life's pesky gray areas, of course.
- Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5I consider this a re-read - I can't quite remember when I read this previously, but most of the 100 fables included in this collection were familiar. I always knew that each fable included a moral - it was interesting in reading these that sometimes I didn't think the moral fit all that well.
- Rating: 3 out of 5 stars3/5Very, very simple anecdotes. Any fables that have been turned into lengthier morality tales such as "The Boy Who Cried Wolf" have been beefed up considerably.
- Rating: 3 out of 5 stars3/5Not the best book of fables in the whole wide world, but it does have its charm and its certainly brings back memories. There are lots of tales that I have heard before when I was a kid, several of them actually quite popular. However, this book goes straight to the point. You know the tale of the Turtle and the Hare, which has already been rewritten by several different authors, even having animated movies about it? Well, this book tells the story in half a page. Which isn't so bad, really. It's actually interesting to read those stories in a short format, with the emphasis on the story's lesson. A nice read for grown-ups, a good thing to give the children something to think about.
- Rating: 3 out of 5 stars3/5I liked this one better than "Grimm's Fairy Tales" because A) they're all super short, great for reading a teeny bit at a time and B) the language is much more understandable. But like "Grimm's Fairy Tales", the stories get repetitive after a while. They're all moral lessons, and they fall under three categories: evil is its own ruin, be honest and don't lie, don't be vain/greedy/prideful. Consequences of failing to heed lessons A, B, and C will result in you being eaten by a tiger 90% of the time.
- Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5I enjoyed this chapter book because of the moral messages learned from each short fable and how I could remember a majority of these stories from my own childhood. The moral lessons learned from these stories stem from always telling the truth, the idea that slow and steady will win the race, and to not judge someone by their appearance. As a child I remembered reading a great majority of these and enjoyed being able to reinterpret what was being said. Although the version I read did not contain illustrations, I did enjoy how the words came to life on the page. As one reads these stories, they can be illustrated in the reader's mind. The big idea of this chapter book is to give a recorded source of the oral stories told so as to teach moral lessons to children and adults.
- Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5The Boy Who Cried Wolf is a great story for young children. It has a very important lesson which is not to lie. The boy "cried wolf" and said there was a wolf when there was not. Then, when there actually was no one believed him. This is important for young children to learn. I really loved this story because of the lesson. I also enjoyed it because it was interesting and made the reader want to keep reading. The story was also great because it was a good length. It was not too long so it was not boring, but it also was not too short. The last thing I liked was that the story was well written. From the writing, I could envision the boy and what was happening in the story. This was a great book!
- Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5I always loved reading these fables when I was a kid, and they certainly permeated their way through my childhood even up until now. While they may seem a little silly and/or difficult to understand, there is certainly a message to be taken away from all of them if you are willing to think outside of the box.
- Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5It would be a benefit to mankind if these morals were taught today. Instead, everything seems to be nonjudgmental. "Who are you to tell me I'm wrong?!!"
- Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Some were great, some were dull (or even rather mean), and some were in-between. Overall, not super crazy about it, but glad to have read the collection of them.
- Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5This was my first read through of Aesop's Fables in its entirety. Obviously I have encountered many of these fables before individually but was somewhat surprised by how dark they are. Aesop as a freedman was brilliant at seeing into the psyche of humankind. The Fables have held up well over the last 2500 years. I found it odd that the translator used the names of the Roman gods as opposed to the original greek gods.
- Rating: 3 out of 5 stars3/5Another reviewer said it best when stating that he enjoyed Aesop's Fables for the lessons rather than the storytelling. I was surprised to see how many of today's maxims originated from this collection of stories, and even moreso to hear that they had been penned in the 5th century BC. Definitely worth a read.
- Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Summary:This book is a series of short, and a little weird, stories with a little bit of proverb advice at the end of each story.Personal Reaction:I think this is an outstanding set of fables and short stories. I found this to be very entertaining and a little bit of an eye-opener. Reading some of these stories to my children was entertaining to them and entertaining to me to watch their reactions. A lot of the proverb advice I had to explain a little deeper for my oldest to understand them, but all in all a very good and entertaining read.Classroom Extension:1. These stories can be intergraded in many fashion of ways. I think it would be ideal to use as a "brain-break" in between lessons.2. This book can be used as a good way to bring literature into the classroom and can be a good way to introduce fables, proverbs, and short stories.
- Rating: 3 out of 5 stars3/5
Enjoyed the ones I was familiar with, many of them seemed repetitious. Overall a book everyone should and usually are familiar with. - Rating: 3 out of 5 stars3/5I read this book over the course of maybe a year reading generally one fable a day. Like a lesson of the day. Some were great, some kind of goofy but I found overall the many lessons imparted as valid as most religious doctrine.Aesop himself is somewhat of a mysterious person of Greece much like Homer with only conjecture of who he was and how he put together this book of wisdom using the animated figures to deliver the message. In any event I found it intriguing to read them all and experience the lessons of such an ancient time that can have such relevance today.
- Rating: 3 out of 5 stars3/5
Enjoyed the ones I was familiar with, many of them seemed repetitious. Overall a book everyone should and usually are familiar with. - Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Yet another I should reread, although so many of the fables are so familiar. Who could forget the fox and the grapes? The lessons in Aesop are still worthwhile today.
- Rating: 1 out of 5 stars1/5Nothing in it is true - though some argue that it has 'truths' (of a sort). I gave it one star...
- Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5This was the first time I ever read any of Aesop's Fables and I loved each little story. These nuggets of morality hidden within tiny stories truly makes one think about their actions towards themselves and toward others. It is an excellent book to read to your little ones in hopes of helping them understand decency towards others.
I would recommend this book to others. - Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Collections of these short tales with a moral were among the very first works--after the Bible--to be published on the printing press. It's amazing how many catch phrases come from these fables: Honesty is the best policy. Don't count your chickens before they've hatched. Look before you leap. Aesop himself, like Homer, may never have existed in history. Tradition makes him a slave in Asia Minor, possibly of Ethiopian descent, born in 620 and eventually freed for his cleverness becomes a counselor to kings and companion to philosophers. Herodotus, Aristophanes, Plato, Aristotle, Plutarch, Horace all mentioned Aesop and his tales, and the earliest surviving collection is from the first century. They're been used by orators and in primers ever since, and definitely should be read in the interest of cultural legacy. They're short. One of the most famous ones is only three lines:Driven by hunger, a fox tried to reach some grapes hanging high on the vine but was unable to, although he leaped with all his strength. As he went away, the fox remarked, 'Oh, you aren't even ripe yet! I don't need any sour grapes.' People who speak disparagingly of things that they cannot attain would do well to apply this story to themselves.To be honest, I tend to think these are best read by children, preferably in an illustrated edition. There's really no authoritative canon for the fables, the two primary collections from antiquity consist of only a few hundred tales. A lot of translations use antiquated language, or put the pithy tales into rather elaborated verse, or cut the moral, so you might want to scan various editions before deciding which to get. They're worth knowing, if only to be able to recognize where so many familiar stories and phrases come from.
- Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5This book contains 82 of Aesop's fables. Many of these short stories with a moral of the story at the end, I have never heard before. Many, many of these early stories have morals that I never knew the origin of - A stitch in time saves nine, honesty is the best policy. These moral little sayings have withstood the test of time.
- Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5A collection of the greatest stories with a moral attribute ever. Attributed by Aristotle as the best. Transformed into verse by Socrates, these stories captured the imagination of the greatest thinkers in human history, and continue to do so today. No child stands to be harmed by learning these tales, in fact, and argument could be made for the opposite effect. The most highly recommended literature for children by indisputable sources.
- Rating: 2 out of 5 stars2/5Written, according to legend, by the Greek slave Aesop, these one or two page fables offers the readers lessons and morals for a variety of circumstances. The edition that I read did not contain all of Aesop’s fables (there are over 350+ stories), but did include many of familiar ones, Androcles and the Lions, the Fox and the grapes, story of the tortoise and the hare, the country mouse and the city mouse etc. For the most part I was disappointed (I think my previous exposure to the Aesop Fables was from the Rocky and Bullwinkle Show and the "Aesop & Son" segments—very funny and much more insightful than the original)—most of the tales appear to be pointless, with some either hypocritical or abhorrent—many of the fables the reader is presented with a character of honorable behavior that is taken advantage of by those who are not. I suppose the moral of any story is life is hard—get used to it! I would not recommended this to any child—even though this book is often marketed that way—only 2 out of 5 stars.
- Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5Dad used to read these to us when we were children.
Book preview
Aesop's Fables - Aesop
CONTENTS
Introduction
The Fox and the Grapes
The Goose that Laid the Golden Eggs
The Cat and the Mice
The Mischievous Dog
The Charcoal-Burner and the Fuller
The Mice in Council
The Bat and the Weasels
The Dog and the Sow
The Fox and the Crow
The Horse and the Groom
The Wolf and the Lamb
The Peacock and the Crane
The Cat and the Birds
The Spendthrift and the Swallow
The Old Woman and the Doctor
The Moon and Her Mother
Mercury and the Woodman
The Ass, the Fox, and the Lion
The Lion and the Mouse
The Crow and the Pitcher
The Boys and the Frogs
The North Wind and the Sun
The Mistress and Her Servants
The Goods and the Ills
The Hares and the Frogs
The Fox and the Stork
The Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing
The Stag in the Ox-Stall
The Milkmaid and Her Pail
The Dolphins, the Whales, and the Sprat
The Fox and the Monkey
The Ass and the Lap Dog
The Fir Tree and the Bramble
The Frogs’ Complaint Against the Sun
The Dog, the Cock, and the Fox
The Gnat and the Bull
The Bear and the Travellers
The Slave and the Lion
The Flea and the Man
The Bee and Jupiter
The Oak and the Reeds
The Blind Man and the Cub
The Boy and the Snails
The Apes and the Two Travellers
The Ass and His Burdens
The Shepherd’s Boy and the Wolf
The Fox and the Goat
The Fisherman and the Sprat
The Boasting Traveller
The Crab and His Mother
The Ass and His Shadow
The Farmer and His Sons
The Dog and the Cook
The Monkey as King
The Thieves and the Cock
The Farmer and Fortune
Jupiter and the Monkey
Father and Sons
The Lamp
The Owl and the Birds
The Ass in the Lion’s Skin
The She-Goats and their Beards
The Old Lion
The Boy Bathing
The Quack Frog
The Swollen Fox
The Mouse, the Frog, and the Hawk
The Boy and the Nettles
The Peasant and the Apple Tree
The Jackdaw and the Pigeons
Jupiter and the Tortoise
The Dog in the Manger
The Two Bags
The Oxen and the Axletrees
The Boy and the Filberts
The Frogs Asking for a King
The Olive Tree and the Fig Tree
The Lion and the Boar
The Walnut Tree
The Man and the Lion
The Tortoise and the Eagle
The Kid on the Housetop
The Fox without a Tail
The Vain Jackdaw
The Traveller and His Dog
The Shipwrecked Man and the Sea
The Wild Boar and the Fox
Mercury and the Sculptor
The Fawn and His Mother
The Fox and the Lion
The Eagle and His Captor
The Blacksmith and His Dog
The Stag at the Pool
The Dog and the Shadow
Mercury and the Tradesmen
The Mice and the Weasels
The Peacock and Juno
The Bear and the Fox
The Ass and the Old Peasant
The Ox and the Frog
The Man and the Image
Hercules and the Wagoner
The Pomegranate, the Apple Tree, and the Bramble
The Lion, the Bear, and the Fox
The Blackamoor
The Two Soldiers and the Robber
The Lion and the Wild Ass
The Man and the Satyr
The Image-Seller
The Eagle and the Arrow
The Rich Man and the Tanner
The Wolf, the Mother, and Her Child
The Old Woman and the Wine Jar
The Lioness and the Vixen
The Viper and the File
The Cat and the Cock
The Hare and the Tortoise
The Soldier and His Horse
The Oxen and the Butchers
The Wolf and the Lion
The Sheep, the Wolf, and the Stag
The Lion and the Three Bulls
The Horse and His Rider
The Goat and the Vine
The Two Pots
The Old Hound
The Clown and the Countryman
The Lark and the Farmer
The Lion and the Ass
The Prophet
The Hound and the Hare
The Lion, the Mouse, and the Fox
The Trumpeter Taken Prisoner
The Wolf and the Crane
The Eagle, the Cat, and the Wild Sow
The Wolf and the Sheep
The Tunny-Fish and the Dolphin
The Three Tradesmen
The Mouse and the Bull
The Hare and the Hound
The Town Mouse and the Country Mouse
The Lion and the Bull
The Wolf, the Fox, and the Ape
The Eagle and the Cocks
The Escaped Jackdaw
The Farmer and the Fox
Venus and the Cat
The Crow and the Swan
The Stag with One Eye
The Fly and the Draught-Mule
The Cock and the Jewel
The Wolf and the Shepherd
The Farmer and the Stork
The Charger and the Miller
The Grasshopper and the Owl
The Grasshopper and the Ants
The Farmer and the Viper
The Two Frogs
The Cobbler Turned Doctor
The Ass, the Cock, and the Lion
The Belly and the Members
The Bald Man and the Fly
The Ass and the Wolf
The Monkey and the Camel
The Sick Man and the Doctor
The Travellers and the Plane Tree
The Flea and the Ox
The Birds, the Beasts, and the Bat
The Man and His Two Sweethearts
The Eagle, the Jackdaw, and the Shepherd
The Wolf and the Boy
The Miller, His Son, and Their Ass
The Stag and the Vine
The Lamb Chased By a Wolf
The Archer and the Lion
The Wolf and the Goat
The Sick Stag
The Ass and the Mule
Brother and Sister
The Heifer and the Ox
The Kingdom of the Lion
The Ass and His Driver
The Lion and the Hare
The Wolves and the Dogs
The Bull and the Calf
The Trees and the Axe
The Astronomer
The Labourer and the Snake
The Cage-Bird and the Bat
The Ass and His Purchaser
The Kid and the Wolf
The Debtor and His Sow
The Bald Huntsman
The Herdsman and the Lost Bull
The Mule
The Hound and the Fox
The Father and His Daughters
The Thief and the Innkeeper
The Pack-Ass and the Wild Ass
The Ass and His Masters
The Pack-Ass, the Wild Ass, and the Lion
The Ant
The Frogs and the Well
The Crab and the Fox
The Fox and the Grasshopper
The Farmer, His Boy, and the Rooks
The Ass and the Dog
The Ass Carrying the Image
The Athenian and the Theban
The Goatherd and the Goat
The Sheep and the Dog
The Shepherd and the Wolf
The Lion, Jupiter, and the Elephant
The Pig and the Sheep
The Gardener and His Dog
The Rivers and the Sea
The Lion in Love
The Beekeeper
The Wolf and the Horse
The Bat, the Bramble, and the Seagull
The Dog and the Wolf
The Wasp and the Snake
The Eagle and the Beetle
The Fowler and the Lark
The Fisherman Piping
The Weasel and the Man
The Ploughman, the Ass, and the Ox
Demades and His Fable
The Monkey and the Dolphin
The Crow and the Snake
The Dogs and the Fox
The Nightingale and the Hawk
The Rose and the Amaranth
The Man, the Horse, the Ox, and the Dog
The Wolves, the Sheep, and the Ram
The Swan
The Snake and Jupiter
The Wolf and His Shadow
The Ploughman and the Wolf
Mercury and the Man Bitten By an Ant
The Wily Lion
The Parrot and the Cat
The Stag and the Lion
The Impostor
The Dogs and the Hides
The Lion, the Fox, and the Ass
The Fowler, the Partridge, and the Cock
The Gnat and the Lion
The Farmer and His Dogs
The Eagle and the Fox
The Butcher and His Customers
Hercules and Minerva
The Fox Who Served a Lion
The Quack Doctor
The Lion, the Wolf, and the Fox
Hercules and Plutus
The Fox and the Leopard
The Fox and the Hedgehog
The Crow and the Raven
The Witch
The Old Man and Death
The Miser
The Foxes and the River
The Horse and the Stag
The Fox and the Bramble
The Fox and the Snake
The Lion, the Fox, and the Stag
The Man Who Lost His Spade
The Partridge and the Fowler
The Runaway Slave
The Hunter and the Woodman
The Serpent and the Eagle
The Rogue and the Oracle
The Horse and the Ass
The Dog Chasing a Wolf
Grief and His Due
The Hawk, the Kite, and the Pigeons
The Woman and the Farmer
Prometheus and the Making of Man
The Swallow and the Crow
The Hunter and the Horseman
The Goatherd and the Wild Goats
The Nightingale and the Swallow
The Traveller and Fortune
About the Author
About the Series
Copyright
About the Publisher
Introduction
Aesop embodies an epigram not uncommon in human history; his fame is all the more deserved because he never deserved it. The firm foundations of common sense, the shrewd shots at uncommon sense, that characterise all the Fables, belong not him but to humanity. In the earliest human history whatever is authentic is universal: and whatever is universal is anonymous. In such cases there is always some central man who had first the trouble of collecting them, and afterwards the fame of creating them. He had the fame; and, on the whole, he earned the fame. There must have been something great and human, something of the human future and the human past, in such a man: even if he only used it to rob the past or deceive the future. The story of Arthur may have been really connected with the most fighting Christianity of falling Rome or with the most heathen traditions hidden in the hills of Wales. But the word Mappe
or Malory
will always mean King Arthur; even though we find older and better origins than the Mabinogian; or write later and worse versions than the Idylls of the King. The nursery fairy tales may have come out of Asia with the Indo-European race, now fortunately extinct; they may have been invented by some fine French lady or gentleman like Perrault: they may possibly even be what they profess to be. But we shall always call the best selection of such tales Grimm’s Tales
: simply because it is the best collection.
The historical Aesop, in so far as he was historical, would seem to have been a Phrygian slave, or at least one not to be specially and symbolically adorned with the Phrygian cap of liberty. He lived, if he did live, about the sixth century before Christ, in the time of that Croesus whose story we love and suspect like everything else in Herodotus. There are also stories of deformity of feature and a ready ribaldry of tongue: stories which (as the celebrated Cardinal said) explain, though they do not excuse, his having been hurled over a high precipice at Delphi. It is for those who read the Fables to judge whether he was really thrown over the cliff for being ugly and offensive, or rather for being highly moral and correct. But there is no kind of doubt that the general legend of him may justly rank him with a race too easily forgotten in our modern comparisons: the race of the great philosophic slaves. Aesop may have been a fiction like Uncle Remus: he was also, like Uncle Remus, a fact. It is a fact that slaves in the old world could be worshipped like Aesop, or loved like Uncle Remus. It is odd to note that both the great slaves told their best stories about beasts and birds.
But whatever be fairly due to Aesop, the human tradition called Fables is not due to him. This had gone on long before any sarcastic freedman from Phrygia had or had not been flung off a precipice; this has remained long after. It is to our advantage, indeed, to realise the distinction; because it makes Aesop more obviously effective than any other fabulist. Grimm’s tales, glorious as they are, were collected by two German students. And if we find it hard to be certain of a German student, at least we know more about him than We know about a Phrygian slave. The truth is, of course, that Aesop’s Fables are not Aesop’s fables, any more than Grimm’s Fairy Tales were ever Grimm’s fairy tales. But the fable and the fairy tale are things utterly distinct. There are many elements of difference; but the plainest is plain enough. There can be no good fable with human beings in it. There can be no good fairy tale without them.
Aesop, or Babrius (or whatever his name was), understood that, for a fable, all the persons must be impersonal. They must be like abstractions in algebra, or like pieces in chess. The lion must always be stronger than the wolf, just as four