The Union of Utrecht (Dutch:Unie van Utrecht) was a treaty signed on 23 January 1579 in Utrecht, the Netherlands, unifying the northern provinces of the Netherlands, until then under the control of Habsburg Spain.
The treaty was signed on 23 January by Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht (but not all of Utrecht) and the province (but not the city) of Groningen. The treaty was a reaction of the Protestant provinces to the 1579 Union of Arras (Dutch: Unie van Atrecht), in which the southern provinces declared their support for Roman Catholic Spain.
During the following months of 1579, other states signed the treaty as well, such as Ghent, cities from Friesland, as well as three of the quarters of Guelders. In the summer of 1579, Amersfoort from the province of Utrecht also joined, together with Ypres, Antwerp, Breda and Brussels. In February 1580, Lier, Bruges and the surrounding area also signed the Union. The city of Groningen shifted in favor under influence of the stadtholder for Friesland, George van Rennenberg, and also signed the treaty. Later on, Zutphen also signed so Guelders (of which Zutphen is one of the quarters) supported the Union completely. This happened in April 1580, as did the signing of Overijssel and Drenthe.
The Old Catholic churches reject the doctrine of papal infallibility; thus they reject the dogmatic status of the teachings promulgated in the Roman Catholic Church by such means, namely the Immaculate Conception and Assumption of Mary. While Old Catholics affirm the Real Presence of Christ in the Eucharist, they do not emphasize transubstantiation as the sole dogmatic explanation for this presence. Old Catholics generally refrain from using the filioque and deum de deo clauses in the Nicene Creed and also reject a dogmatic understanding of Purgatory; however, they generally do recognize a purification by Christ's grace after death and include prayers for the dead in their liturgy and devotions. They maintain some basic Roman Catholic practices such as baptism by infusion (pouring of water) or the use of unleavened bread in the Eucharist. Additionally, they have many aspects in common with the Orthodox and Anglican churches and Eastern-rite Catholicism, such as optional clerical celibacy.
Utrecht (/ˈjuːtrɛkt/; Dutch pronunciation:[ˈytrɛxt]) is the capital and most populous city in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is located in the eastern corner of the Randstad conurbation and is the fourth largest city in the Netherlands with a population of 330,772 in 2014.
Utrecht's ancient city centre features many buildings and structures several dating as far back as the High Middle Ages. It has been the religious centre of the Netherlands since the 8th century. It lost the status of prince-bishopric but remains the main religious center in the country.
Utrecht was the most important city in the Netherlands until the Dutch Golden Age, when it was succeeded by Amsterdam as the country's cultural centre and most populous city.
Utrecht is host to Utrecht University, the largest university in the Netherlands, as well as several other institutes for higher education. Due to its central position within the country, it is an important transport hub for both rail and road transport. It has the second highest number of cultural events in the Netherlands, after Amsterdam.
In 2012, Lonely Planet included Utrecht in the top 10 of the world’s unsung places.
The city of Utrecht and the surrounding cities, villages, and townships form an agglomeration in the middle of The Netherlands. It is located entirely in the province of Utrecht, and is the eastern part of so-called North Wing the larger Randstad urban area.
The agglomeration has a population of about 690.000 people (a rough estimate based on data collected in 2001-2012). The following towns are commonly recognized as part of the agglomeration:
The Treaty of Utrecht: The Agreement that Altered European Geopolitics in the 18th Century
Step into the intricate world of European diplomacy with our documentary on 'The Treaty of Utrecht: The Agreement that Altered European Geopolitics in the 18th Century.' Immerse yourself in the high-stakes negotiations and geopolitical shifts that unfolded in the early 18th century. Explore the key players, the territorial rearrangements, and the lasting impact of this historic treaty on the map of Europe. If you're passionate about history, diplomacy, and the transformative agreements that shaped nations, this video is a must-watch. Don't miss this enlightening exploration; subscribe for more captivating content on pivotal moments in European history.
published: 03 Oct 2023
Old Catholics Explained in 2 Minutes
Old Catholics - They aren't in communion with the Catholic Church, but they do have valid sacraments. It's an interesting case, and this video discusses them, both the Union of Utrecht and the Union of Scranton.
published: 21 Nov 2022
Ten Minute History - The Dutch Revolt (Short Documentary)
Twitter: https://twitter.com/Tenminhistory
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/user?u=4973164
Special Thanks to the following Patrons for their support on Patreon:
Anon (you know who you are),
Mitchell Wildoer,
Franco la Bruna,
Mason Cox,
Matt M,
Chris Fatta,
Rbj,
Shaun Pullin,
Joshua,
Thomas Mitchell,
William Foster,
Perry Gagne,
Mark Routon,
Spencer Smith.
This episode of Ten Minute History (like a documentary, only shorter) covers the rise of Calvinism in the Spanish Seventeen Provinces and the subsequent outbreak of the Dutch Revolt/Eighty Years' War. William the Silent led the United Provinces' (and later Dutch Republic's) bid for independence and he encountered many issues, notably the Duke of Alba and Parma as well as some hiccups in picking a monarch. All of the turmoil forced the D...
published: 28 Aug 2018
Pope to Old Catholic Bishops of Utrecht: It's about forgiveness and reconciliation
Click here to receive the latest news: http://smarturl.it/RomeReports
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In an effort to strengthen unity among Christians, Pope Francis welcomed a delegation of the Bishops Conference of the Union of Utrecht, also known as 'Old Catholics.'
---------------------
ROME REPORTS, www.romereports.com, is an independent international TV News Agency based in Rome covering the activity of the Pope, the life of the Vatican and current social, cultural and religious debates. Reporting on the Catholic Church requires proximity to the source, in-depth knowledge of the Institution, and a high standard of creativity and technical excellence.
As few broadcasters have a permanent correspondent in Rome, ROME REPORTS is geared to inform the publ...
published: 30 Oct 2014
Union of Utrecht
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published: 29 Dec 2015
The Union of Utrecht 1579
The Union of Utrecht was a treaty signed on 23 January 1579 in Utrecht, Netherlands, unifying the northern provinces of the Netherlands, until then under the control of Habsburg Spain.
The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Twelve Years' Truce in 1609.
The treaty was signed on 23 January by Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht (but not all of Utrecht), and the province (but not the city) of Groningen. The treaty was a reaction of the Protestant provinces to the 1579 Union of Arras (Dutch: Unie van Atrecht), in which two southern provinces and a city declared their support for Roman Catholic Spain.
During the following months of 1579, other states signed the treaty as well, such as Gh...
published: 23 Jan 2024
Utrecht Union | Rutger Bregman
On the 13th of March we had the oppurtunity to interview famous Dutch author Rutger Bregman in collaboration with Utrecht University for their career days.
In the interview Rutger thought the attendees some valuable lessons for their futures as well as telling us about his career and the lessons he learned from being a writer.
published: 27 Mar 2023
Old Catholic Church (Utrecht Union) in Cologne, Germany.
Pentecost 2018
published: 16 Nov 2018
Obscure Christians Denominations - Old Catholics and Union of Utrecht #utrecht #oldcatholics
Step into the intricate world of European diplomacy with our documentary on 'The Treaty of Utrecht: The Agreement that Altered European Geopolitics in the 18th ...
Step into the intricate world of European diplomacy with our documentary on 'The Treaty of Utrecht: The Agreement that Altered European Geopolitics in the 18th Century.' Immerse yourself in the high-stakes negotiations and geopolitical shifts that unfolded in the early 18th century. Explore the key players, the territorial rearrangements, and the lasting impact of this historic treaty on the map of Europe. If you're passionate about history, diplomacy, and the transformative agreements that shaped nations, this video is a must-watch. Don't miss this enlightening exploration; subscribe for more captivating content on pivotal moments in European history.
Step into the intricate world of European diplomacy with our documentary on 'The Treaty of Utrecht: The Agreement that Altered European Geopolitics in the 18th Century.' Immerse yourself in the high-stakes negotiations and geopolitical shifts that unfolded in the early 18th century. Explore the key players, the territorial rearrangements, and the lasting impact of this historic treaty on the map of Europe. If you're passionate about history, diplomacy, and the transformative agreements that shaped nations, this video is a must-watch. Don't miss this enlightening exploration; subscribe for more captivating content on pivotal moments in European history.
Old Catholics - They aren't in communion with the Catholic Church, but they do have valid sacraments. It's an interesting case, and this video discusses them, b...
Old Catholics - They aren't in communion with the Catholic Church, but they do have valid sacraments. It's an interesting case, and this video discusses them, both the Union of Utrecht and the Union of Scranton.
Old Catholics - They aren't in communion with the Catholic Church, but they do have valid sacraments. It's an interesting case, and this video discusses them, both the Union of Utrecht and the Union of Scranton.
Twitter: https://twitter.com/Tenminhistory
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/user?u=4973164
Special Thanks to the following Patrons for their support on Patreon...
Twitter: https://twitter.com/Tenminhistory
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/user?u=4973164
Special Thanks to the following Patrons for their support on Patreon:
Anon (you know who you are),
Mitchell Wildoer,
Franco la Bruna,
Mason Cox,
Matt M,
Chris Fatta,
Rbj,
Shaun Pullin,
Joshua,
Thomas Mitchell,
William Foster,
Perry Gagne,
Mark Routon,
Spencer Smith.
This episode of Ten Minute History (like a documentary, only shorter) covers the rise of Calvinism in the Spanish Seventeen Provinces and the subsequent outbreak of the Dutch Revolt/Eighty Years' War. William the Silent led the United Provinces' (and later Dutch Republic's) bid for independence and he encountered many issues, notably the Duke of Alba and Parma as well as some hiccups in picking a monarch. All of the turmoil forced the Dutch to innovate in matters of commerce and trade whilst having to decide the religious policy of their new state. The Dutch (after losing some territory) would win their independence in 1609 but the Spanish wouldn't accept this until 1648.
Recommended books:
A Concise History of the Netherlands by James C. Kennedy. - A Very good book which goes into great detail about the events of the war and the importance of religious and commercial reform. Very good book.
Christendom Destroyed, Europe 1517-1648 by Mark Greengrass. Another extremely good work, it bounces all over Europe so don't expect to be able to read a chapter on the Dutch and know everything. Fantastic for the religious changes in Europe during the period.
Twitter: https://twitter.com/Tenminhistory
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/user?u=4973164
Special Thanks to the following Patrons for their support on Patreon:
Anon (you know who you are),
Mitchell Wildoer,
Franco la Bruna,
Mason Cox,
Matt M,
Chris Fatta,
Rbj,
Shaun Pullin,
Joshua,
Thomas Mitchell,
William Foster,
Perry Gagne,
Mark Routon,
Spencer Smith.
This episode of Ten Minute History (like a documentary, only shorter) covers the rise of Calvinism in the Spanish Seventeen Provinces and the subsequent outbreak of the Dutch Revolt/Eighty Years' War. William the Silent led the United Provinces' (and later Dutch Republic's) bid for independence and he encountered many issues, notably the Duke of Alba and Parma as well as some hiccups in picking a monarch. All of the turmoil forced the Dutch to innovate in matters of commerce and trade whilst having to decide the religious policy of their new state. The Dutch (after losing some territory) would win their independence in 1609 but the Spanish wouldn't accept this until 1648.
Recommended books:
A Concise History of the Netherlands by James C. Kennedy. - A Very good book which goes into great detail about the events of the war and the importance of religious and commercial reform. Very good book.
Christendom Destroyed, Europe 1517-1648 by Mark Greengrass. Another extremely good work, it bounces all over Europe so don't expect to be able to read a chapter on the Dutch and know everything. Fantastic for the religious changes in Europe during the period.
Click here to receive the latest news: http://smarturl.it/RomeReports
Visit or website to learn more: http://www.romereports.com/
In an effort to strengthen un...
Click here to receive the latest news: http://smarturl.it/RomeReports
Visit or website to learn more: http://www.romereports.com/
In an effort to strengthen unity among Christians, Pope Francis welcomed a delegation of the Bishops Conference of the Union of Utrecht, also known as 'Old Catholics.'
---------------------
ROME REPORTS, www.romereports.com, is an independent international TV News Agency based in Rome covering the activity of the Pope, the life of the Vatican and current social, cultural and religious debates. Reporting on the Catholic Church requires proximity to the source, in-depth knowledge of the Institution, and a high standard of creativity and technical excellence.
As few broadcasters have a permanent correspondent in Rome, ROME REPORTS is geared to inform the public and meet the needs of television broadcasting companies around the world through daily news packages, weekly newsprograms and documentaries.
---------------------
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Click here to receive the latest news: http://smarturl.it/RomeReports
Visit or website to learn more: http://www.romereports.com/
In an effort to strengthen unity among Christians, Pope Francis welcomed a delegation of the Bishops Conference of the Union of Utrecht, also known as 'Old Catholics.'
---------------------
ROME REPORTS, www.romereports.com, is an independent international TV News Agency based in Rome covering the activity of the Pope, the life of the Vatican and current social, cultural and religious debates. Reporting on the Catholic Church requires proximity to the source, in-depth knowledge of the Institution, and a high standard of creativity and technical excellence.
As few broadcasters have a permanent correspondent in Rome, ROME REPORTS is geared to inform the public and meet the needs of television broadcasting companies around the world through daily news packages, weekly newsprograms and documentaries.
---------------------
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Union of Utrecht
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Union of Utrecht
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=======Image-Copyright-Info========
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The Union of Utrecht was a treaty signed on 23 January 1579 in Utrecht, Netherlands, unifying the northern provinces of the Netherlands, until then under the co...
The Union of Utrecht was a treaty signed on 23 January 1579 in Utrecht, Netherlands, unifying the northern provinces of the Netherlands, until then under the control of Habsburg Spain.
The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Twelve Years' Truce in 1609.
The treaty was signed on 23 January by Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht (but not all of Utrecht), and the province (but not the city) of Groningen. The treaty was a reaction of the Protestant provinces to the 1579 Union of Arras (Dutch: Unie van Atrecht), in which two southern provinces and a city declared their support for Roman Catholic Spain.
During the following months of 1579, other states signed the treaty as well, such as Ghent, cities from Friesland, as well as three of the quarters of Guelders (Nijmegen Quarter, Veluwe Quarter, Zutphen County). In the summer of 1579, Amersfoort from the province of Utrecht also joined, together with Ypres, Antwerp, Breda and Brussels. In February 1580, Lier, Bruges and the surrounding area also signed the treaty. The city of Groningen shifted in favor under influence of the stadtholder for Friesland, George van Rennenberg, and also signed the treaty. The fourth quarter of Guelders, Upper Guelders, never signed the treaty. In April 1580, Overijssel and Drenthe signed on.
Antwerp was the capital of the union until its fall to the Spanish.
Flanders was almost entirely conquered by the Spanish troops, as was half of Brabant. The United Provinces still recognized Spanish rule after the Union of Utrecht. However, the union contributed to the deterioration in the relationship between the provinces and their lord, and in 1581 the United Provinces declared their independence of the king in the Act of Abjuration.
The Twelve Years' Truce of 1609 marked a pause in what became known as the Eighty Years' War, effectively acknowledging Dutch independence. As Pieter Geyl puts it, the truce marked "an astonishing victory for the Dutch," who surrendered no lands and did not agree to halt their attacks on Spanish colonies and the Spanish trade empire. In return the Spanish granted the United Provinces de facto independence by describing them as "Free lands, provinces and states against whom they make no claim" for the duration of the truce.
Music:
The Marine Hymn - United States Naval Academy Band
[email protected]
The Union of Utrecht was a treaty signed on 23 January 1579 in Utrecht, Netherlands, unifying the northern provinces of the Netherlands, until then under the control of Habsburg Spain.
The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Twelve Years' Truce in 1609.
The treaty was signed on 23 January by Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht (but not all of Utrecht), and the province (but not the city) of Groningen. The treaty was a reaction of the Protestant provinces to the 1579 Union of Arras (Dutch: Unie van Atrecht), in which two southern provinces and a city declared their support for Roman Catholic Spain.
During the following months of 1579, other states signed the treaty as well, such as Ghent, cities from Friesland, as well as three of the quarters of Guelders (Nijmegen Quarter, Veluwe Quarter, Zutphen County). In the summer of 1579, Amersfoort from the province of Utrecht also joined, together with Ypres, Antwerp, Breda and Brussels. In February 1580, Lier, Bruges and the surrounding area also signed the treaty. The city of Groningen shifted in favor under influence of the stadtholder for Friesland, George van Rennenberg, and also signed the treaty. The fourth quarter of Guelders, Upper Guelders, never signed the treaty. In April 1580, Overijssel and Drenthe signed on.
Antwerp was the capital of the union until its fall to the Spanish.
Flanders was almost entirely conquered by the Spanish troops, as was half of Brabant. The United Provinces still recognized Spanish rule after the Union of Utrecht. However, the union contributed to the deterioration in the relationship between the provinces and their lord, and in 1581 the United Provinces declared their independence of the king in the Act of Abjuration.
The Twelve Years' Truce of 1609 marked a pause in what became known as the Eighty Years' War, effectively acknowledging Dutch independence. As Pieter Geyl puts it, the truce marked "an astonishing victory for the Dutch," who surrendered no lands and did not agree to halt their attacks on Spanish colonies and the Spanish trade empire. In return the Spanish granted the United Provinces de facto independence by describing them as "Free lands, provinces and states against whom they make no claim" for the duration of the truce.
Music:
The Marine Hymn - United States Naval Academy Band
[email protected]
On the 13th of March we had the oppurtunity to interview famous Dutch author Rutger Bregman in collaboration with Utrecht University for their career days.
In ...
On the 13th of March we had the oppurtunity to interview famous Dutch author Rutger Bregman in collaboration with Utrecht University for their career days.
In the interview Rutger thought the attendees some valuable lessons for their futures as well as telling us about his career and the lessons he learned from being a writer.
On the 13th of March we had the oppurtunity to interview famous Dutch author Rutger Bregman in collaboration with Utrecht University for their career days.
In the interview Rutger thought the attendees some valuable lessons for their futures as well as telling us about his career and the lessons he learned from being a writer.
Step into the intricate world of European diplomacy with our documentary on 'The Treaty of Utrecht: The Agreement that Altered European Geopolitics in the 18th Century.' Immerse yourself in the high-stakes negotiations and geopolitical shifts that unfolded in the early 18th century. Explore the key players, the territorial rearrangements, and the lasting impact of this historic treaty on the map of Europe. If you're passionate about history, diplomacy, and the transformative agreements that shaped nations, this video is a must-watch. Don't miss this enlightening exploration; subscribe for more captivating content on pivotal moments in European history.
Old Catholics - They aren't in communion with the Catholic Church, but they do have valid sacraments. It's an interesting case, and this video discusses them, both the Union of Utrecht and the Union of Scranton.
Twitter: https://twitter.com/Tenminhistory
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/user?u=4973164
Special Thanks to the following Patrons for their support on Patreon:
Anon (you know who you are),
Mitchell Wildoer,
Franco la Bruna,
Mason Cox,
Matt M,
Chris Fatta,
Rbj,
Shaun Pullin,
Joshua,
Thomas Mitchell,
William Foster,
Perry Gagne,
Mark Routon,
Spencer Smith.
This episode of Ten Minute History (like a documentary, only shorter) covers the rise of Calvinism in the Spanish Seventeen Provinces and the subsequent outbreak of the Dutch Revolt/Eighty Years' War. William the Silent led the United Provinces' (and later Dutch Republic's) bid for independence and he encountered many issues, notably the Duke of Alba and Parma as well as some hiccups in picking a monarch. All of the turmoil forced the Dutch to innovate in matters of commerce and trade whilst having to decide the religious policy of their new state. The Dutch (after losing some territory) would win their independence in 1609 but the Spanish wouldn't accept this until 1648.
Recommended books:
A Concise History of the Netherlands by James C. Kennedy. - A Very good book which goes into great detail about the events of the war and the importance of religious and commercial reform. Very good book.
Christendom Destroyed, Europe 1517-1648 by Mark Greengrass. Another extremely good work, it bounces all over Europe so don't expect to be able to read a chapter on the Dutch and know everything. Fantastic for the religious changes in Europe during the period.
Click here to receive the latest news: http://smarturl.it/RomeReports
Visit or website to learn more: http://www.romereports.com/
In an effort to strengthen unity among Christians, Pope Francis welcomed a delegation of the Bishops Conference of the Union of Utrecht, also known as 'Old Catholics.'
---------------------
ROME REPORTS, www.romereports.com, is an independent international TV News Agency based in Rome covering the activity of the Pope, the life of the Vatican and current social, cultural and religious debates. Reporting on the Catholic Church requires proximity to the source, in-depth knowledge of the Institution, and a high standard of creativity and technical excellence.
As few broadcasters have a permanent correspondent in Rome, ROME REPORTS is geared to inform the public and meet the needs of television broadcasting companies around the world through daily news packages, weekly newsprograms and documentaries.
---------------------
Follow us...
Our WEB http://www.romereports.com/
FACEBOOK https://www.facebook.com/RomeReportsENG
TWITTER https://twitter.com/romereports
PINTEREST http://www.pinterest.com/romereports/
INSTAGRAM http://instagram.com/romereports
If you find our videos helpful you can support us by buying something from amazon.
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Union of Utrecht
=======Image-Copyright-Info========
License: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.5 (CC BY-SA 2.5)
LicenseLink: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5
Image Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Map_Union_of_Arras_and_Utrecht_1579-en.svg
=======Image-Copyright-Info========
☆Video is targeted to blind users
Attribution:
Article text available under CC-BY-SA
image source in video
The Union of Utrecht was a treaty signed on 23 January 1579 in Utrecht, Netherlands, unifying the northern provinces of the Netherlands, until then under the control of Habsburg Spain.
The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Twelve Years' Truce in 1609.
The treaty was signed on 23 January by Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht (but not all of Utrecht), and the province (but not the city) of Groningen. The treaty was a reaction of the Protestant provinces to the 1579 Union of Arras (Dutch: Unie van Atrecht), in which two southern provinces and a city declared their support for Roman Catholic Spain.
During the following months of 1579, other states signed the treaty as well, such as Ghent, cities from Friesland, as well as three of the quarters of Guelders (Nijmegen Quarter, Veluwe Quarter, Zutphen County). In the summer of 1579, Amersfoort from the province of Utrecht also joined, together with Ypres, Antwerp, Breda and Brussels. In February 1580, Lier, Bruges and the surrounding area also signed the treaty. The city of Groningen shifted in favor under influence of the stadtholder for Friesland, George van Rennenberg, and also signed the treaty. The fourth quarter of Guelders, Upper Guelders, never signed the treaty. In April 1580, Overijssel and Drenthe signed on.
Antwerp was the capital of the union until its fall to the Spanish.
Flanders was almost entirely conquered by the Spanish troops, as was half of Brabant. The United Provinces still recognized Spanish rule after the Union of Utrecht. However, the union contributed to the deterioration in the relationship between the provinces and their lord, and in 1581 the United Provinces declared their independence of the king in the Act of Abjuration.
The Twelve Years' Truce of 1609 marked a pause in what became known as the Eighty Years' War, effectively acknowledging Dutch independence. As Pieter Geyl puts it, the truce marked "an astonishing victory for the Dutch," who surrendered no lands and did not agree to halt their attacks on Spanish colonies and the Spanish trade empire. In return the Spanish granted the United Provinces de facto independence by describing them as "Free lands, provinces and states against whom they make no claim" for the duration of the truce.
Music:
The Marine Hymn - United States Naval Academy Band
[email protected]
On the 13th of March we had the oppurtunity to interview famous Dutch author Rutger Bregman in collaboration with Utrecht University for their career days.
In the interview Rutger thought the attendees some valuable lessons for their futures as well as telling us about his career and the lessons he learned from being a writer.
The Union of Utrecht (Dutch:Unie van Utrecht) was a treaty signed on 23 January 1579 in Utrecht, the Netherlands, unifying the northern provinces of the Netherlands, until then under the control of Habsburg Spain.
The treaty was signed on 23 January by Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht (but not all of Utrecht) and the province (but not the city) of Groningen. The treaty was a reaction of the Protestant provinces to the 1579 Union of Arras (Dutch: Unie van Atrecht), in which the southern provinces declared their support for Roman Catholic Spain.
During the following months of 1579, other states signed the treaty as well, such as Ghent, cities from Friesland, as well as three of the quarters of Guelders. In the summer of 1579, Amersfoort from the province of Utrecht also joined, together with Ypres, Antwerp, Breda and Brussels. In February 1580, Lier, Bruges and the surrounding area also signed the Union. The city of Groningen shifted in favor under influence of the stadtholder for Friesland, George van Rennenberg, and also signed the treaty. Later on, Zutphen also signed so Guelders (of which Zutphen is one of the quarters) supported the Union completely. This happened in April 1580, as did the signing of Overijssel and Drenthe.