Ultrasonic testing (UT) is a family of non-destructive testing techniques based on the propagation of ultrasonic waves in the object or material tested. In most common UT applications, very short ultrasonic pulse-waves with center frequencies ranging from 0.1-15MHz, and occasionally up to 50MHz, are transmitted into materials to detect internal flaws or to characterize materials. A common example is ultrasonic thickness measurement, which tests the thickness of the test object, for example, to monitor pipework corrosion.
Ultrasonic testing is often performed on steel and other metals and alloys, though it can also be used on concrete, wood and composites, albeit with less resolution. It is used in many industries including steel and aluminium construction, metallurgy, manufacturing, aerospace, automotive and other transportation sectors.
History
On May 27, 1940, U.S. researcher Dr. Floyd Firestone of the University of Michigan applies for a U.S. invention patent for the first practical ultrasonic testing method. The patent is granted on April 21, 1942 as U.S. Patent No. 2,280,226, titled "Flaw Detecting Device and Measuring Instrument". Extracts from the first two paragraphs of the patent for this entirely new nondestructive testing method succinctly describe the basics of such ultrasonic testing. "My invention pertains to a device for detecting the presence of inhomogeneities of density or elasticity in materials. For instance if a casting has a hole or a crack within it, my device allows the presence of the flaw to be detected and its position located, even though the flaw lies entirely within the casting and no portion of it extends out to the surface. ... The general principle of my device consists of sending high frequency vibrations into the part to be inspected, and the determination of the time intervals of arrival of the direct and reflected vibrations at one or more stations on the surface of the part."
Additionally, an ultrasonic pulse velocity test is planned across the entire underground network to detect damp or weak spots and prevent future accidents.Preliminary findings suggest that a water ...
Nagpur... In December last year, SECR authorities reportedly tested around 3,225km of tracks, during which welds were inspected using ultrasonic flaw detection (USFD) machines. Around 2,334 rail defects and welds were detected and rectified timely ... .
The scrutiny over the next four months will involve inspection of the underwater piers and piles, non-destructive testing, scour survey and underwater ultrasonic thickness measurement for steel, said officials.
Records show the rail section underwent three ultrasonic flaw detection tests in the five months preceding the accident ... The TSB recommended upgrading ultrasonic rail testing procedures to enhance defect detection capabilities.
... of the bridge, Som said the bridge will have to undergo tests, including non-invasive ones like ultrasonic pulse velocity and core cutting, to determine further measures that may need to be taken.
Once the bridge becomes operational, Rameswaram island will once again find itself on the railway map after two years – services on the old bridge were suspended in December 2022 due to safety ...
Ultrasonic testing can also be used along with infrared imaging to identify critical issues such as internal and external tracking/arcing problems in high-voltage equipment that are invisible to infrared imaging alone, the American Club concludes.
Mumbai... HT Photo ... The weld is inspected by using magnetic particle and ultrasonic testing for detection of flaw and if any flaw is detected in the weld the same is replaced by new weld," the spokesperson explained ... Catch every big hit,. See more ... ....
Four deaths, caused due to the derailment of 15904 Chandigarh-Dibrugarh Express on July 18 in Gonda district, could have been prevented had the junior engineer permanent way (JE P Way) paid heed to ...
... to get the new technology.'Presently, track monitoring is being extensively done by Ultrasonic Flaw Detection (USFD) testing, Oscillation Monitoring Systems (OMS), and Track Recording Cars (TRC).
KOLKATA ...The national standard for NO₂ is 40 g/m³. The Greenpeace report, titled 'Beyond north India ... The study recommended ultrasonic and non-destructive tests, restoration and retrofitting for enhancing the bridge's life ... .
