- published: 05 Mar 2021
- views: 58078
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remove the playlistPopulation Bottleneck
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Population bottleneck
A population bottleneck (or genetic bottleneck) is a sharp reduction in the size of a population due to environmental events (such as earthquakes, floods, fires, disease, or droughts) or human activities (such as genocide). Such events can reduce the variation in the gene pool of a population; thereafter, a smaller population with a correspondingly smaller genetic diversity, remains to pass on genes to future generations of offspring through sexual reproduction. Genetic diversity remains lower, only slowly increasing with time as random mutations occur. In consequence of such population size reductions and the loss of genetic variation, the robustness of the population is reduced and its ability to survive selecting environmental changes, like climate change or a shift in available resources, is reduced.
Conversely, depending upon the causes of the bottleneck, the survivors may have been the genetically fittest individuals, hence increasing the frequency of the fitter genes within the gene pool, while shrinking it. This genetic drift can change the proportional distribution of an allele by chance and even lead to fixation or loss of alleles. Due to the smaller population size after a bottleneck event, the chance of inbreeding and genetic homogeneity increases and unfavoured alleles can accumulate.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Population_bottleneck
Podcasts:
-
Genetic Drift: Founder Effect vs. Bottleneck
Here's the link to the full Genetic Drift tutorial on the UCLA WI+RE website: https://uclalibrary.github.io/research-tips/genetic-drift/ Animations by: Cymfenee Dean-Phifer Voiceover by: Cymfenee Dean-Phifer and Kian Ravaei Sound Effects by: Kian Ravaei
published: 05 Mar 2021 -
Genetic Drift | Founder Effect and Bottleneck Effect Explained
Remember, genetic drift is random and separate from selection, don't get the two confused. Get involved with the 2 Minute Classrom community: https://bit.ly/2QvgbYy Subscribe to 2 Minute Classroom: https://bit.ly/2PdkPpk My Gear My mic - Blue Yeti Microphone: https://amzn.to/2Q6PoCc Full kit - Blue Yeti Microphone kit: https://amzn.to/2Q1lM9o GTX Graphics Card: https://amzn.to/2Pcygpp Animiation software: https://www.videoscribe.co/en/ Check out these links for more information and examples. http://bivalves.teacherfriendlyguide.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32&Itemid=28 http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-genetic-drift.html
published: 29 Nov 2016 -
99% of Ancient Human Population Wiped Out 900,000 Years Ago
Today there are over 8 billion humans living on our planet. However, if we had looked at the world between 800,000 and 900,000 years ago, the picture would have been shockingly different. New scientific findings shed new light on our ancestors, and point to an important human speciation event. Indeed, Scientists are only now shedding light on a previously unknown period in human evolutionary history. According to a new study, early humans known as 'Homo erectus' nearly went extinct less than 1 million years ago, likely due to extreme ice age conditions. According to genetic evidence, between 813,000 and 930,000 years ago, modern humans' ancestors experienced a severe bottleneck losing approximately 98.7% of their breeding population. Remarkably, our forefathers faced extinction du...
published: 04 Sep 2023 -
One Male for Every 17 Females?! Did the Younger Dryas Cause the Y-Chromosome Bottleneck?
Back in 2015, Monika Karmin et al produced a paper titled: “A Recent Bottleneck in Y-Chromosome Diversity Coincides With a Global Change in Culture”, linked below, which showed that thousands of years ago, there was a drastic drop in the relative number of males in the global population. Both scientists and independent researchers have looked into this, giving their own interpretations of the data, why it could have happened, including Antonio Zamora (channel linked below), who many of you know has long-studied the Carolina Bays, proposing a hypothesis for their geomorphology that relates to the proposed Younger Dryas impact. On looking at the Y-Chromosome data, Zamora notes the peak in males coincides with the beginning of the Younger Dryas, but then we see a small dip and then a rapid ...
published: 10 Aug 2022 -
Bottleneck Effect - Tales from the Genome
This video is part of an online course, Tales from the Genome. Check out the course here: https://www.udacity.com/course/bio110.
published: 23 Feb 2015 -
Did Humans Almost Go Extinct? | Random Thursday
70,000 years ago, the human population hit a major bottleneck, and scientists aren't exactly sure why. One of the more popular explanations has been the Toba explosion, the massive explosion of the Toba supervolcano that occurred at roughly that same time, but has been mostly disproven. DNA evidence shows that African populations, especially the ancient Khoi and San people of Africa, show far more genetic diversity than those who came out of Africa according to the "out of Africa" theory. The study showed that those that came out of Africa descended from between 1000 and 10,000 breeding pairs. The reason for this remains a mystery. T-shirt? T-shirt. http://www.answerswithjoe.com/shirts Support me on Patreon! http://www.patreon.com/answerswithjoe Follow me at all my places! Instagram...
published: 11 Oct 2018 -
How Humans Nearly Went Extinct in 70,000 BC
Support our efforts to make videos about what we want: https://www.patreon.com/toptenz/overview It’s hard to believe that there are 7.8 billion people on the planet, and that number isn’t getting any smaller anytime soon. The United Nations estimates that by 2050, the world’s population will reach 9 billion. As other species go extinct at record rates, human beings show no signs of slowing down. So it might seem a little strange that there was a point in time where human beings were the ones who nearly vanished from the planet. Here are five facts about humanity’s near-extinction in 70,000 BC… →Subscribe for new videos every day! https://www.youtube.com/user/toptenznet?sub_confirmation=1 Find more lists at: http://www.toptenz.net Entertaining and educational top 10 lists from TopTenzNe...
published: 02 Oct 2018 -
Population Bottlenecks
Biology Professor (Twitter: @DrWhitneyHolden) teaches you about Population Bottlenecks, including what they are and why they matter! Want a PDF of the final white board with all the answers written in? Check out my FREE NOTES here: https://tinyurl.com/BiologyProfessorNotes
published: 13 Dec 2021 -
Genetic Drift
Discover what happens when random events meet allele frequencies: genetic drift! This Amoeba Sisters video also discusses the bottleneck and founder effect as well as contrasts genetic drift with natural selection. Table of Contents: 00:00 Intro 1:33 Defining Genetic Drift 1:43 Comparing Genetic Drift to Natural Selection 2:05 Bottleneck Effect 2:52 Founder Effect 3:34 Genetic Drift is a Mechanism for Evolution 3:39 Population Sizes and Genetic Drift The Amoeba Sisters videos demystify science with humor and relevance. The videos center on Pinky's certification and experience in teaching biology at the high school level. For more information about The Amoeba Sisters, visit: http://www.amoebasisters.com/about-us.html ⭐We have a menu of our resources that complement our videos! Visit ht...
published: 08 Jun 2017 -
Founder Effect, Bottle Necking, and Genetic Drift
Description to be added later.
published: 27 Dec 2010
developed with YouTube
1:16
Genetic Drift: Founder Effect vs. Bottleneck
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:16
- Uploaded Date: 05 Mar 2021
- views: 58078
Here's the link to the full Genetic Drift tutorial on the UCLA WI+RE website: https://uclalibrary.github.io/research-tips/genetic-drift/
Animations by: Cymfene...
Here's the link to the full Genetic Drift tutorial on the UCLA WI+RE website: https://uclalibrary.github.io/research-tips/genetic-drift/
Animations by: Cymfenee Dean-Phifer
Voiceover by: Cymfenee Dean-Phifer and Kian Ravaei
Sound Effects by: Kian Ravaei
https://wn.com/Genetic_Drift_Founder_Effect_Vs._Bottleneck
Here's the link to the full Genetic Drift tutorial on the UCLA WI+RE website: https://uclalibrary.github.io/research-tips/genetic-drift/
Animations by: Cymfenee Dean-Phifer
Voiceover by: Cymfenee Dean-Phifer and Kian Ravaei
Sound Effects by: Kian Ravaei
2:16
Genetic Drift | Founder Effect and Bottleneck Effect Explained
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:16
- Uploaded Date: 29 Nov 2016
- views: 330115
Remember, genetic drift is random and separate from selection, don't get the two confused.
Get involved with the 2 Minute Classrom community: https://bit.ly/2Q...
Remember, genetic drift is random and separate from selection, don't get the two confused.
Get involved with the 2 Minute Classrom community: https://bit.ly/2QvgbYy
Subscribe to 2 Minute Classroom: https://bit.ly/2PdkPpk
My Gear
My mic - Blue Yeti Microphone: https://amzn.to/2Q6PoCc
Full kit - Blue Yeti Microphone kit: https://amzn.to/2Q1lM9o
GTX Graphics Card: https://amzn.to/2Pcygpp
Animiation software: https://www.videoscribe.co/en/
Check out these links for more information and examples.
http://bivalves.teacherfriendlyguide.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32&Itemid=28
http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-genetic-drift.html
https://wn.com/Genetic_Drift_|_Founder_Effect_And_Bottleneck_Effect_Explained
Remember, genetic drift is random and separate from selection, don't get the two confused.
Get involved with the 2 Minute Classrom community: https://bit.ly/2QvgbYy
Subscribe to 2 Minute Classroom: https://bit.ly/2PdkPpk
My Gear
My mic - Blue Yeti Microphone: https://amzn.to/2Q6PoCc
Full kit - Blue Yeti Microphone kit: https://amzn.to/2Q1lM9o
GTX Graphics Card: https://amzn.to/2Pcygpp
Animiation software: https://www.videoscribe.co/en/
Check out these links for more information and examples.
http://bivalves.teacherfriendlyguide.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32&Itemid=28
http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-genetic-drift.html
- published: 29 Nov 2016
- views: 330115
10:33
99% of Ancient Human Population Wiped Out 900,000 Years Ago
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:33
- Uploaded Date: 04 Sep 2023
- views: 485007
Today there are over 8 billion humans living on our planet. However, if we had looked at the world between 800,000 and 900,000 years ago, the picture would h...
Today there are over 8 billion humans living on our planet. However, if we had looked at the world between 800,000 and 900,000 years ago, the picture would have been shockingly different. New scientific findings shed new light on our ancestors, and point to an important human speciation event. Indeed, Scientists are only now shedding light on a previously unknown period in human evolutionary history. According to a new study, early humans known as 'Homo erectus' nearly went extinct less than 1 million years ago, likely due to extreme ice age conditions.
According to genetic evidence, between 813,000 and 930,000 years ago, modern humans' ancestors experienced a severe bottleneck losing approximately 98.7% of their breeding population. Remarkably, our forefathers faced extinction due to a severe population bottleneck that lasted for a heck of a bloody long time. In fact, our ancestors' estimated population size was so small, they would almost certainly have gone extinct if not for shear determination and dumb luck.
A study, titled 'Genomic inference of a severe human bottleneck during the Early to Middle Pleistocene transition', demonstrates this fact. The evidence shows that The human population remaining very small, but stable for more than 100,000 years, also fueled the divergence of modern humans, Neanderthals and the so-called Denisovans.
CHAPTERS:
0:00 EXTINCTION BOTTLENECK
4:45 CHROMOSOME FUSION
6:30 SKIN PIGMENTATION MUTATIONS
7:55 SUPER-ARCHAIC INTROGRESSION
SOURCES:
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abq7487
https://www.science.org/content/article/human-ancestors-may-have-survived-brush-extinction-900-000-years-ago
https://www.newscientist.com/article/2150253-gene-study-shows-human-skin-tone-has-varied-for-900000-years/
https://www.livescience.com/archaeology/humans-faced-a-close-call-with-extinction-nearly-a-million-years-ago
https://wn.com/99_Of_Ancient_Human_Population_Wiped_Out_900,000_Years_Ago
Today there are over 8 billion humans living on our planet. However, if we had looked at the world between 800,000 and 900,000 years ago, the picture would have been shockingly different. New scientific findings shed new light on our ancestors, and point to an important human speciation event. Indeed, Scientists are only now shedding light on a previously unknown period in human evolutionary history. According to a new study, early humans known as 'Homo erectus' nearly went extinct less than 1 million years ago, likely due to extreme ice age conditions.
According to genetic evidence, between 813,000 and 930,000 years ago, modern humans' ancestors experienced a severe bottleneck losing approximately 98.7% of their breeding population. Remarkably, our forefathers faced extinction due to a severe population bottleneck that lasted for a heck of a bloody long time. In fact, our ancestors' estimated population size was so small, they would almost certainly have gone extinct if not for shear determination and dumb luck.
A study, titled 'Genomic inference of a severe human bottleneck during the Early to Middle Pleistocene transition', demonstrates this fact. The evidence shows that The human population remaining very small, but stable for more than 100,000 years, also fueled the divergence of modern humans, Neanderthals and the so-called Denisovans.
CHAPTERS:
0:00 EXTINCTION BOTTLENECK
4:45 CHROMOSOME FUSION
6:30 SKIN PIGMENTATION MUTATIONS
7:55 SUPER-ARCHAIC INTROGRESSION
SOURCES:
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abq7487
https://www.science.org/content/article/human-ancestors-may-have-survived-brush-extinction-900-000-years-ago
https://www.newscientist.com/article/2150253-gene-study-shows-human-skin-tone-has-varied-for-900000-years/
https://www.livescience.com/archaeology/humans-faced-a-close-call-with-extinction-nearly-a-million-years-ago
- published: 04 Sep 2023
- views: 485007
10:42
One Male for Every 17 Females?! Did the Younger Dryas Cause the Y-Chromosome Bottleneck?
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:42
- Uploaded Date: 10 Aug 2022
- views: 47240
Back in 2015, Monika Karmin et al produced a paper titled: “A Recent Bottleneck in Y-Chromosome Diversity Coincides With a Global Change in Culture”, linked bel...
Back in 2015, Monika Karmin et al produced a paper titled: “A Recent Bottleneck in Y-Chromosome Diversity Coincides With a Global Change in Culture”, linked below, which showed that thousands of years ago, there was a drastic drop in the relative number of males in the global population.
Both scientists and independent researchers have looked into this, giving their own interpretations of the data, why it could have happened, including Antonio Zamora (channel linked below), who many of you know has long-studied the Carolina Bays, proposing a hypothesis for their geomorphology that relates to the proposed Younger Dryas impact.
On looking at the Y-Chromosome data, Zamora notes the peak in males coincides with the beginning of the Younger Dryas, but then we see a small dip and then a rapid decrease in numbers. Therefore, could the Younger Dryas have caused the Y-Chromosome bottleneck? Is this scientifically feasible?
In this video I take a look at the science and the data and give my own personal opinion on whether or not the Younger Dryas cooling could have been the cause of the lack of male diversity in the global human population.
All images are taken from Google Images and the below sources for educational purposes only. Please subscribe to Ancient Architects, Like the video and please leave a comment below. Thank you.
Sources:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4381518/
https://edition.cnn.com/2019/01/23/health/climate-change-infant-sex-ratio-intl/index.html
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29958723/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23151996/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2538905/#B5
Videos by Antonio Zamora:
https://youtu.be/pWk5X_XIHJM
https://youtu.be/j4dM7v_TfxM
https://youtu.be/iXUixE_mxpI
Music:
Ross Bugden - Olympus (Copyright and Royalty Free): https://youtu.be/BnmglWHoVrk
#AncientArchitects #YoungerDryas #AncientHistory
https://wn.com/One_Male_For_Every_17_Females_Did_The_Younger_Dryas_Cause_The_Y_Chromosome_Bottleneck
Back in 2015, Monika Karmin et al produced a paper titled: “A Recent Bottleneck in Y-Chromosome Diversity Coincides With a Global Change in Culture”, linked below, which showed that thousands of years ago, there was a drastic drop in the relative number of males in the global population.
Both scientists and independent researchers have looked into this, giving their own interpretations of the data, why it could have happened, including Antonio Zamora (channel linked below), who many of you know has long-studied the Carolina Bays, proposing a hypothesis for their geomorphology that relates to the proposed Younger Dryas impact.
On looking at the Y-Chromosome data, Zamora notes the peak in males coincides with the beginning of the Younger Dryas, but then we see a small dip and then a rapid decrease in numbers. Therefore, could the Younger Dryas have caused the Y-Chromosome bottleneck? Is this scientifically feasible?
In this video I take a look at the science and the data and give my own personal opinion on whether or not the Younger Dryas cooling could have been the cause of the lack of male diversity in the global human population.
All images are taken from Google Images and the below sources for educational purposes only. Please subscribe to Ancient Architects, Like the video and please leave a comment below. Thank you.
Sources:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4381518/
https://edition.cnn.com/2019/01/23/health/climate-change-infant-sex-ratio-intl/index.html
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29958723/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23151996/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2538905/#B5
Videos by Antonio Zamora:
https://youtu.be/pWk5X_XIHJM
https://youtu.be/j4dM7v_TfxM
https://youtu.be/iXUixE_mxpI
Music:
Ross Bugden - Olympus (Copyright and Royalty Free): https://youtu.be/BnmglWHoVrk
#AncientArchitects #YoungerDryas #AncientHistory
- published: 10 Aug 2022
- views: 47240
1:49
Bottleneck Effect - Tales from the Genome
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:49
- Uploaded Date: 23 Feb 2015
- views: 16841
This video is part of an online course, Tales from the Genome. Check out the course here: https://www.udacity.com/course/bio110.
This video is part of an online course, Tales from the Genome. Check out the course here: https://www.udacity.com/course/bio110.
https://wn.com/Bottleneck_Effect_Tales_From_The_Genome
This video is part of an online course, Tales from the Genome. Check out the course here: https://www.udacity.com/course/bio110.
- published: 23 Feb 2015
- views: 16841
6:02
Did Humans Almost Go Extinct? | Random Thursday
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:02
- Uploaded Date: 11 Oct 2018
- views: 740630
70,000 years ago, the human population hit a major bottleneck, and scientists aren't exactly sure why.
One of the more popular explanations has been the Toba ...
70,000 years ago, the human population hit a major bottleneck, and scientists aren't exactly sure why.
One of the more popular explanations has been the Toba explosion, the massive explosion of the Toba supervolcano that occurred at roughly that same time, but has been mostly disproven.
DNA evidence shows that African populations, especially the ancient Khoi and San people of Africa, show far more genetic diversity than those who came out of Africa according to the "out of Africa" theory. The study showed that those that came out of Africa descended from between 1000 and 10,000 breeding pairs.
The reason for this remains a mystery.
T-shirt? T-shirt.
http://www.answerswithjoe.com/shirts
Support me on Patreon!
http://www.patreon.com/answerswithjoe
Follow me at all my places!
Instagram: https://instagram.com/answerswithjoe
Snapchat: https://www.snapchat.com/add/answerswithjoe
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/answerswithjoe
Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/answerswithjoe
https://wn.com/Did_Humans_Almost_Go_Extinct_|_Random_Thursday
70,000 years ago, the human population hit a major bottleneck, and scientists aren't exactly sure why.
One of the more popular explanations has been the Toba explosion, the massive explosion of the Toba supervolcano that occurred at roughly that same time, but has been mostly disproven.
DNA evidence shows that African populations, especially the ancient Khoi and San people of Africa, show far more genetic diversity than those who came out of Africa according to the "out of Africa" theory. The study showed that those that came out of Africa descended from between 1000 and 10,000 breeding pairs.
The reason for this remains a mystery.
T-shirt? T-shirt.
http://www.answerswithjoe.com/shirts
Support me on Patreon!
http://www.patreon.com/answerswithjoe
Follow me at all my places!
Instagram: https://instagram.com/answerswithjoe
Snapchat: https://www.snapchat.com/add/answerswithjoe
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/answerswithjoe
Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/answerswithjoe
- published: 11 Oct 2018
- views: 740630
6:00
How Humans Nearly Went Extinct in 70,000 BC
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:00
- Uploaded Date: 02 Oct 2018
- views: 92996
Support our efforts to make videos about what we want: https://www.patreon.com/toptenz/overview
It’s hard to believe that there are 7.8 billion people on the p...
Support our efforts to make videos about what we want: https://www.patreon.com/toptenz/overview
It’s hard to believe that there are 7.8 billion people on the planet, and that number isn’t getting any smaller anytime soon. The United Nations estimates that by 2050, the world’s population will reach 9 billion. As other species go extinct at record rates, human beings show no signs of slowing down. So it might seem a little strange that there was a point in time where human beings were the ones who nearly vanished from the planet. Here are five facts about humanity’s near-extinction in 70,000 BC…
→Subscribe for new videos every day! https://www.youtube.com/user/toptenznet?sub_confirmation=1
Find more lists at: http://www.toptenz.net
Entertaining and educational top 10 lists from TopTenzNet!
Subscribe to our Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TopTenz/
Business inquiries to [email protected]
Other TopTenz Videos:
10 Inventions That Will Give You Hope for Humanity
https://youtu.be/3TTvlbaPjzQ
Top 10 FACTS About Surprising FACEBOOK
https://youtu.be/ygabnp8Z6Rs
Text version: https://www.toptenz.net/how-humans-nearly-went-extinct-in-70000-bc.php
Coming up:
5. There May Have Been Only Forty Breeding Pairs
4. What Caused Our Bottleneck?
3. Our Near-Extinction
2. Our Eventual Expansion
1. We May Still Go Extinct… Just Not For Awhile
Source/Further reading:
https://youtu.be/c1zktdT2un4
https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article-abstract/17/1/2/975516
https://www.npr.org/sections/krulwich/2012/10/22/163397584/how-human-beings-almost-vanished-from-earth-in-70-000-b-c
https://www.npr.org/sections/krulwich/2012/10/22/163397584/how-human-beings-almost-vanished-from-earth-in-70-000-b-c
https://www.smh.com.au/environment/climate-change/doomsday-ticks-closer-to-midnight-the-probability-of-global-catastrophe-is-very-high-20150123-12wd4s.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Human_population_growth_from_1800_to_2000.png
https://www.flickr.com/photos/wp-2011-rallies/5683921991
https://www.army.mil/e2/c/images/2018/08/20/527499/size0.jpg
https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2015/05/21/11/44/pair-777044_960_720.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bottleneck_effect_Figure_19_02_03.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Northern_Elephant_Seals_(M._angustirostris)_at_sunrise_early_light_at_Piedras_Blancas,_San_Simeon,_CA.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tobaeruption.png
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MSH80_eruption_mount_st_helens_05-18-80-dramatic-edit.jpg
https://www.flickr.com/photos/22711505@N05/25633091463
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1815_tambora_explosion.png
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Toba_Landsat_satellite_image.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pinatubo91eruption_plume.jpg
https://www.delapuravida.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/sun-sets-behind-clouds-volcanic-ash.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bottleneck_effect.jpg
https://www.maxpixel.net/static/photo/1x/Ash-Mayon-Volcano-Volcanic-Ash-Clouds-Volcano-164468.jpg
https://wn.com/How_Humans_Nearly_Went_Extinct_In_70,000_Bc
Support our efforts to make videos about what we want: https://www.patreon.com/toptenz/overview
It’s hard to believe that there are 7.8 billion people on the planet, and that number isn’t getting any smaller anytime soon. The United Nations estimates that by 2050, the world’s population will reach 9 billion. As other species go extinct at record rates, human beings show no signs of slowing down. So it might seem a little strange that there was a point in time where human beings were the ones who nearly vanished from the planet. Here are five facts about humanity’s near-extinction in 70,000 BC…
→Subscribe for new videos every day! https://www.youtube.com/user/toptenznet?sub_confirmation=1
Find more lists at: http://www.toptenz.net
Entertaining and educational top 10 lists from TopTenzNet!
Subscribe to our Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TopTenz/
Business inquiries to [email protected]
Other TopTenz Videos:
10 Inventions That Will Give You Hope for Humanity
https://youtu.be/3TTvlbaPjzQ
Top 10 FACTS About Surprising FACEBOOK
https://youtu.be/ygabnp8Z6Rs
Text version: https://www.toptenz.net/how-humans-nearly-went-extinct-in-70000-bc.php
Coming up:
5. There May Have Been Only Forty Breeding Pairs
4. What Caused Our Bottleneck?
3. Our Near-Extinction
2. Our Eventual Expansion
1. We May Still Go Extinct… Just Not For Awhile
Source/Further reading:
https://youtu.be/c1zktdT2un4
https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article-abstract/17/1/2/975516
https://www.npr.org/sections/krulwich/2012/10/22/163397584/how-human-beings-almost-vanished-from-earth-in-70-000-b-c
https://www.npr.org/sections/krulwich/2012/10/22/163397584/how-human-beings-almost-vanished-from-earth-in-70-000-b-c
https://www.smh.com.au/environment/climate-change/doomsday-ticks-closer-to-midnight-the-probability-of-global-catastrophe-is-very-high-20150123-12wd4s.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Human_population_growth_from_1800_to_2000.png
https://www.flickr.com/photos/wp-2011-rallies/5683921991
https://www.army.mil/e2/c/images/2018/08/20/527499/size0.jpg
https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2015/05/21/11/44/pair-777044_960_720.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bottleneck_effect_Figure_19_02_03.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Northern_Elephant_Seals_(M._angustirostris)_at_sunrise_early_light_at_Piedras_Blancas,_San_Simeon,_CA.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tobaeruption.png
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MSH80_eruption_mount_st_helens_05-18-80-dramatic-edit.jpg
https://www.flickr.com/photos/22711505@N05/25633091463
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1815_tambora_explosion.png
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Toba_Landsat_satellite_image.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pinatubo91eruption_plume.jpg
https://www.delapuravida.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/sun-sets-behind-clouds-volcanic-ash.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bottleneck_effect.jpg
https://www.maxpixel.net/static/photo/1x/Ash-Mayon-Volcano-Volcanic-Ash-Clouds-Volcano-164468.jpg
- published: 02 Oct 2018
- views: 92996
11:56
Population Bottlenecks
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:56
- Uploaded Date: 13 Dec 2021
- views: 1151
Biology Professor (Twitter: @DrWhitneyHolden) teaches you about Population Bottlenecks, including what they are and why they matter!
Want a PDF of the final wh...
Biology Professor (Twitter: @DrWhitneyHolden) teaches you about Population Bottlenecks, including what they are and why they matter!
Want a PDF of the final white board with all the answers written in? Check out my FREE NOTES here: https://tinyurl.com/BiologyProfessorNotes
https://wn.com/Population_Bottlenecks
Biology Professor (Twitter: @DrWhitneyHolden) teaches you about Population Bottlenecks, including what they are and why they matter!
Want a PDF of the final white board with all the answers written in? Check out my FREE NOTES here: https://tinyurl.com/BiologyProfessorNotes
- published: 13 Dec 2021
- views: 1151
4:38
Genetic Drift
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:38
- Uploaded Date: 08 Jun 2017
- views: 1831562
Discover what happens when random events meet allele frequencies: genetic drift! This Amoeba Sisters video also discusses the bottleneck and founder effect as w...
Discover what happens when random events meet allele frequencies: genetic drift! This Amoeba Sisters video also discusses the bottleneck and founder effect as well as contrasts genetic drift with natural selection.
Table of Contents:
00:00 Intro
1:33 Defining Genetic Drift
1:43 Comparing Genetic Drift to Natural Selection
2:05 Bottleneck Effect
2:52 Founder Effect
3:34 Genetic Drift is a Mechanism for Evolution
3:39 Population Sizes and Genetic Drift
The Amoeba Sisters videos demystify science with humor and relevance. The videos center on Pinky's certification and experience in teaching biology at the high school level. For more information about The Amoeba Sisters, visit:
http://www.amoebasisters.com/about-us.html
⭐We have a menu of our resources that complement our videos! Visit https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1b3kmAzFEjWgoMKCrkeNCKFYunWk04IuLY93jI4OY0gY/edit?usp=sharing
We cover the basics in biology concepts at the secondary level. If you are looking to discover more about biology and go into depth beyond these basics, our recommended reference is the FREE, peer reviewed, open source OpenStax biology textbook: https://openstax.org/details/books/biology
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MUSIC:
Music in this video is listed free to use/no attribution required from the YouTube audio library https://www.youtube.com/audiolibrary/music?feature=blog
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We take pride in our AWESOME community, and we welcome feedback and discussion. However, please remember that this is an education channel. See YouTube's community guidelines and how YouTube handles comments that are reported by the community. We also reserve the right to remove comments.
TRANSLATIONS:
Thank you so much to our translators!
Português - Érika Hotz A. Stein
Hindi Subtitles: Alisha Aggarwal
While we don't allow dubbing of our videos, we do gladly accept subtitle translations from our community. Some translated subtitles on our videos were translated by the community using YouTube's community-contributed subtitle feature. After the feature was discontinued by YouTube, we have another option for submitting translated subtitles here: https://www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-ed-tech-favorites/community-contributed-subtitles We want to thank our amazing community for the generosity of their time in continuing to create translated subtitles. If you have a concern about community contributed contributions, please contact us.
https://wn.com/Genetic_Drift
Discover what happens when random events meet allele frequencies: genetic drift! This Amoeba Sisters video also discusses the bottleneck and founder effect as well as contrasts genetic drift with natural selection.
Table of Contents:
00:00 Intro
1:33 Defining Genetic Drift
1:43 Comparing Genetic Drift to Natural Selection
2:05 Bottleneck Effect
2:52 Founder Effect
3:34 Genetic Drift is a Mechanism for Evolution
3:39 Population Sizes and Genetic Drift
The Amoeba Sisters videos demystify science with humor and relevance. The videos center on Pinky's certification and experience in teaching biology at the high school level. For more information about The Amoeba Sisters, visit:
http://www.amoebasisters.com/about-us.html
⭐We have a menu of our resources that complement our videos! Visit https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1b3kmAzFEjWgoMKCrkeNCKFYunWk04IuLY93jI4OY0gY/edit?usp=sharing
We cover the basics in biology concepts at the secondary level. If you are looking to discover more about biology and go into depth beyond these basics, our recommended reference is the FREE, peer reviewed, open source OpenStax biology textbook: https://openstax.org/details/books/biology
Support Us? https://www.amoebasisters.com/support-us
Our Resources:
Biology Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwL0Myd7Dk1F0iQPGrjehze3eDpco1eVz
GIFs: https://www.amoebasisters.com/gifs.html
Handouts: https://www.amoebasisters.com/handouts.html
Comics: https://www.amoebasisters.com/parameciumparlorcomics
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TIPS FOR VIEWING EDU YOUTUBE VIDEOS:
Want to learn tips for viewing edu YouTube videos including changing the speed, language, viewing the transcript, etc? https://www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-ed-tech-favorites/10-youtube-tips-from-an-edu-youtuber-duo
MUSIC:
Music in this video is listed free to use/no attribution required from the YouTube audio library https://www.youtube.com/audiolibrary/music?feature=blog
COMMUNITY:
We take pride in our AWESOME community, and we welcome feedback and discussion. However, please remember that this is an education channel. See YouTube's community guidelines and how YouTube handles comments that are reported by the community. We also reserve the right to remove comments.
TRANSLATIONS:
Thank you so much to our translators!
Português - Érika Hotz A. Stein
Hindi Subtitles: Alisha Aggarwal
While we don't allow dubbing of our videos, we do gladly accept subtitle translations from our community. Some translated subtitles on our videos were translated by the community using YouTube's community-contributed subtitle feature. After the feature was discontinued by YouTube, we have another option for submitting translated subtitles here: https://www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-ed-tech-favorites/community-contributed-subtitles We want to thank our amazing community for the generosity of their time in continuing to create translated subtitles. If you have a concern about community contributed contributions, please contact us.
- published: 08 Jun 2017
- views: 1831562
2:56
Founder Effect, Bottle Necking, and Genetic Drift
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:56
- Uploaded Date: 27 Dec 2010
- views: 263092
Description to be added later.
Description to be added later.
https://wn.com/Founder_Effect,_Bottle_Necking,_And_Genetic_Drift
Description to be added later.
- published: 27 Dec 2010
- views: 263092
1:16
Genetic Drift: Founder Effect vs. Bottleneck
Here's the link to the full Genetic Drift tutorial on the UCLA WI+RE website: https://ucla...
published: 05 Mar 2021
Genetic Drift: Founder Effect vs. Bottleneck
Genetic Drift: Founder Effect vs. Bottleneck
- Report rights infringement
- published: 05 Mar 2021
- views: 58078
Here's the link to the full Genetic Drift tutorial on the UCLA WI+RE website: https://uclalibrary.github.io/research-tips/genetic-drift/
Animations by: Cymfenee Dean-Phifer
Voiceover by: Cymfenee Dean-Phifer and Kian Ravaei
Sound Effects by: Kian Ravaei
2:16
Genetic Drift | Founder Effect and Bottleneck Effect Explained
Remember, genetic drift is random and separate from selection, don't get the two confused....
published: 29 Nov 2016
Genetic Drift | Founder Effect and Bottleneck Effect Explained
Genetic Drift | Founder Effect and Bottleneck Effect Explained
- Report rights infringement
- published: 29 Nov 2016
- views: 330115
Remember, genetic drift is random and separate from selection, don't get the two confused.
Get involved with the 2 Minute Classrom community: https://bit.ly/2QvgbYy
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Check out these links for more information and examples.
http://bivalves.teacherfriendlyguide.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32&Itemid=28
http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-genetic-drift.html
10:33
99% of Ancient Human Population Wiped Out 900,000 Years Ago
Today there are over 8 billion humans living on our planet. However, if we had looked a...
published: 04 Sep 2023
99% of Ancient Human Population Wiped Out 900,000 Years Ago
99% of Ancient Human Population Wiped Out 900,000 Years Ago
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- published: 04 Sep 2023
- views: 485007
Today there are over 8 billion humans living on our planet. However, if we had looked at the world between 800,000 and 900,000 years ago, the picture would have been shockingly different. New scientific findings shed new light on our ancestors, and point to an important human speciation event. Indeed, Scientists are only now shedding light on a previously unknown period in human evolutionary history. According to a new study, early humans known as 'Homo erectus' nearly went extinct less than 1 million years ago, likely due to extreme ice age conditions.
According to genetic evidence, between 813,000 and 930,000 years ago, modern humans' ancestors experienced a severe bottleneck losing approximately 98.7% of their breeding population. Remarkably, our forefathers faced extinction due to a severe population bottleneck that lasted for a heck of a bloody long time. In fact, our ancestors' estimated population size was so small, they would almost certainly have gone extinct if not for shear determination and dumb luck.
A study, titled 'Genomic inference of a severe human bottleneck during the Early to Middle Pleistocene transition', demonstrates this fact. The evidence shows that The human population remaining very small, but stable for more than 100,000 years, also fueled the divergence of modern humans, Neanderthals and the so-called Denisovans.
CHAPTERS:
0:00 EXTINCTION BOTTLENECK
4:45 CHROMOSOME FUSION
6:30 SKIN PIGMENTATION MUTATIONS
7:55 SUPER-ARCHAIC INTROGRESSION
SOURCES:
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abq7487
https://www.science.org/content/article/human-ancestors-may-have-survived-brush-extinction-900-000-years-ago
https://www.newscientist.com/article/2150253-gene-study-shows-human-skin-tone-has-varied-for-900000-years/
https://www.livescience.com/archaeology/humans-faced-a-close-call-with-extinction-nearly-a-million-years-ago
10:42
One Male for Every 17 Females?! Did the Younger Dryas Cause the Y-Chromosome Bottleneck?
Back in 2015, Monika Karmin et al produced a paper titled: “A Recent Bottleneck in Y-Chrom...
published: 10 Aug 2022
One Male for Every 17 Females?! Did the Younger Dryas Cause the Y-Chromosome Bottleneck?
One Male for Every 17 Females?! Did the Younger Dryas Cause the Y-Chromosome Bottleneck?
- Report rights infringement
- published: 10 Aug 2022
- views: 47240
Back in 2015, Monika Karmin et al produced a paper titled: “A Recent Bottleneck in Y-Chromosome Diversity Coincides With a Global Change in Culture”, linked below, which showed that thousands of years ago, there was a drastic drop in the relative number of males in the global population.
Both scientists and independent researchers have looked into this, giving their own interpretations of the data, why it could have happened, including Antonio Zamora (channel linked below), who many of you know has long-studied the Carolina Bays, proposing a hypothesis for their geomorphology that relates to the proposed Younger Dryas impact.
On looking at the Y-Chromosome data, Zamora notes the peak in males coincides with the beginning of the Younger Dryas, but then we see a small dip and then a rapid decrease in numbers. Therefore, could the Younger Dryas have caused the Y-Chromosome bottleneck? Is this scientifically feasible?
In this video I take a look at the science and the data and give my own personal opinion on whether or not the Younger Dryas cooling could have been the cause of the lack of male diversity in the global human population.
All images are taken from Google Images and the below sources for educational purposes only. Please subscribe to Ancient Architects, Like the video and please leave a comment below. Thank you.
Sources:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4381518/
https://edition.cnn.com/2019/01/23/health/climate-change-infant-sex-ratio-intl/index.html
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29958723/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23151996/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2538905/#B5
Videos by Antonio Zamora:
https://youtu.be/pWk5X_XIHJM
https://youtu.be/j4dM7v_TfxM
https://youtu.be/iXUixE_mxpI
Music:
Ross Bugden - Olympus (Copyright and Royalty Free): https://youtu.be/BnmglWHoVrk
#AncientArchitects #YoungerDryas #AncientHistory
1:49
Bottleneck Effect - Tales from the Genome
This video is part of an online course, Tales from the Genome. Check out the course here: ...
published: 23 Feb 2015
Bottleneck Effect - Tales from the Genome
Bottleneck Effect - Tales from the Genome
- Report rights infringement
- published: 23 Feb 2015
- views: 16841
This video is part of an online course, Tales from the Genome. Check out the course here: https://www.udacity.com/course/bio110.
6:02
Did Humans Almost Go Extinct? | Random Thursday
70,000 years ago, the human population hit a major bottleneck, and scientists aren't exact...
published: 11 Oct 2018
Did Humans Almost Go Extinct? | Random Thursday
Did Humans Almost Go Extinct? | Random Thursday
- Report rights infringement
- published: 11 Oct 2018
- views: 740630
70,000 years ago, the human population hit a major bottleneck, and scientists aren't exactly sure why.
One of the more popular explanations has been the Toba explosion, the massive explosion of the Toba supervolcano that occurred at roughly that same time, but has been mostly disproven.
DNA evidence shows that African populations, especially the ancient Khoi and San people of Africa, show far more genetic diversity than those who came out of Africa according to the "out of Africa" theory. The study showed that those that came out of Africa descended from between 1000 and 10,000 breeding pairs.
The reason for this remains a mystery.
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6:00
How Humans Nearly Went Extinct in 70,000 BC
Support our efforts to make videos about what we want: https://www.patreon.com/toptenz/ove...
published: 02 Oct 2018
How Humans Nearly Went Extinct in 70,000 BC
How Humans Nearly Went Extinct in 70,000 BC
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- published: 02 Oct 2018
- views: 92996
Support our efforts to make videos about what we want: https://www.patreon.com/toptenz/overview
It’s hard to believe that there are 7.8 billion people on the planet, and that number isn’t getting any smaller anytime soon. The United Nations estimates that by 2050, the world’s population will reach 9 billion. As other species go extinct at record rates, human beings show no signs of slowing down. So it might seem a little strange that there was a point in time where human beings were the ones who nearly vanished from the planet. Here are five facts about humanity’s near-extinction in 70,000 BC…
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10 Inventions That Will Give You Hope for Humanity
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Top 10 FACTS About Surprising FACEBOOK
https://youtu.be/ygabnp8Z6Rs
Text version: https://www.toptenz.net/how-humans-nearly-went-extinct-in-70000-bc.php
Coming up:
5. There May Have Been Only Forty Breeding Pairs
4. What Caused Our Bottleneck?
3. Our Near-Extinction
2. Our Eventual Expansion
1. We May Still Go Extinct… Just Not For Awhile
Source/Further reading:
https://youtu.be/c1zktdT2un4
https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article-abstract/17/1/2/975516
https://www.npr.org/sections/krulwich/2012/10/22/163397584/how-human-beings-almost-vanished-from-earth-in-70-000-b-c
https://www.npr.org/sections/krulwich/2012/10/22/163397584/how-human-beings-almost-vanished-from-earth-in-70-000-b-c
https://www.smh.com.au/environment/climate-change/doomsday-ticks-closer-to-midnight-the-probability-of-global-catastrophe-is-very-high-20150123-12wd4s.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Human_population_growth_from_1800_to_2000.png
https://www.flickr.com/photos/wp-2011-rallies/5683921991
https://www.army.mil/e2/c/images/2018/08/20/527499/size0.jpg
https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2015/05/21/11/44/pair-777044_960_720.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bottleneck_effect_Figure_19_02_03.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Northern_Elephant_Seals_(M._angustirostris)_at_sunrise_early_light_at_Piedras_Blancas,_San_Simeon,_CA.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tobaeruption.png
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MSH80_eruption_mount_st_helens_05-18-80-dramatic-edit.jpg
https://www.flickr.com/photos/22711505@N05/25633091463
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1815_tambora_explosion.png
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Toba_Landsat_satellite_image.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pinatubo91eruption_plume.jpg
https://www.delapuravida.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/sun-sets-behind-clouds-volcanic-ash.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bottleneck_effect.jpg
https://www.maxpixel.net/static/photo/1x/Ash-Mayon-Volcano-Volcanic-Ash-Clouds-Volcano-164468.jpg
11:56
Population Bottlenecks
Biology Professor (Twitter: @DrWhitneyHolden) teaches you about Population Bottlenecks, in...
published: 13 Dec 2021
Population Bottlenecks
Population Bottlenecks
- Report rights infringement
- published: 13 Dec 2021
- views: 1151
Biology Professor (Twitter: @DrWhitneyHolden) teaches you about Population Bottlenecks, including what they are and why they matter!
Want a PDF of the final white board with all the answers written in? Check out my FREE NOTES here: https://tinyurl.com/BiologyProfessorNotes
4:38
Genetic Drift
Discover what happens when random events meet allele frequencies: genetic drift! This Amoe...
published: 08 Jun 2017
Genetic Drift
Genetic Drift
- Report rights infringement
- published: 08 Jun 2017
- views: 1831562
Discover what happens when random events meet allele frequencies: genetic drift! This Amoeba Sisters video also discusses the bottleneck and founder effect as well as contrasts genetic drift with natural selection.
Table of Contents:
00:00 Intro
1:33 Defining Genetic Drift
1:43 Comparing Genetic Drift to Natural Selection
2:05 Bottleneck Effect
2:52 Founder Effect
3:34 Genetic Drift is a Mechanism for Evolution
3:39 Population Sizes and Genetic Drift
The Amoeba Sisters videos demystify science with humor and relevance. The videos center on Pinky's certification and experience in teaching biology at the high school level. For more information about The Amoeba Sisters, visit:
http://www.amoebasisters.com/about-us.html
⭐We have a menu of our resources that complement our videos! Visit https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1b3kmAzFEjWgoMKCrkeNCKFYunWk04IuLY93jI4OY0gY/edit?usp=sharing
We cover the basics in biology concepts at the secondary level. If you are looking to discover more about biology and go into depth beyond these basics, our recommended reference is the FREE, peer reviewed, open source OpenStax biology textbook: https://openstax.org/details/books/biology
Support Us? https://www.amoebasisters.com/support-us
Our Resources:
Biology Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwL0Myd7Dk1F0iQPGrjehze3eDpco1eVz
GIFs: https://www.amoebasisters.com/gifs.html
Handouts: https://www.amoebasisters.com/handouts.html
Comics: https://www.amoebasisters.com/parameciumparlorcomics
Unlectured Series: https://www.amoebasisters.com/unlectured
Connect with us!
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Visit our Redbubble store at https://www.amoebasisters.com/store
TIPS FOR VIEWING EDU YOUTUBE VIDEOS:
Want to learn tips for viewing edu YouTube videos including changing the speed, language, viewing the transcript, etc? https://www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-ed-tech-favorites/10-youtube-tips-from-an-edu-youtuber-duo
MUSIC:
Music in this video is listed free to use/no attribution required from the YouTube audio library https://www.youtube.com/audiolibrary/music?feature=blog
COMMUNITY:
We take pride in our AWESOME community, and we welcome feedback and discussion. However, please remember that this is an education channel. See YouTube's community guidelines and how YouTube handles comments that are reported by the community. We also reserve the right to remove comments.
TRANSLATIONS:
Thank you so much to our translators!
Português - Érika Hotz A. Stein
Hindi Subtitles: Alisha Aggarwal
While we don't allow dubbing of our videos, we do gladly accept subtitle translations from our community. Some translated subtitles on our videos were translated by the community using YouTube's community-contributed subtitle feature. After the feature was discontinued by YouTube, we have another option for submitting translated subtitles here: https://www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-ed-tech-favorites/community-contributed-subtitles We want to thank our amazing community for the generosity of their time in continuing to create translated subtitles. If you have a concern about community contributed contributions, please contact us.
2:56
Founder Effect, Bottle Necking, and Genetic Drift
Description to be added later.
published: 27 Dec 2010
Founder Effect, Bottle Necking, and Genetic Drift
Founder Effect, Bottle Necking, and Genetic Drift
- Report rights infringement
- published: 27 Dec 2010
- views: 263092
Description to be added later.
Population bottleneck
A population bottleneck (or genetic bottleneck) is a sharp reduction in the size of a population due to environmental events (such as earthquakes, floods, fires, disease, or droughts) or human activities (such as genocide). Such events can reduce the variation in the gene pool of a population; thereafter, a smaller population with a correspondingly smaller genetic diversity, remains to pass on genes to future generations of offspring through sexual reproduction. Genetic diversity remains lower, only slowly increasing with time as random mutations occur. In consequence of such population size reductions and the loss of genetic variation, the robustness of the population is reduced and its ability to survive selecting environmental changes, like climate change or a shift in available resources, is reduced.
Conversely, depending upon the causes of the bottleneck, the survivors may have been the genetically fittest individuals, hence increasing the frequency of the fitter genes within the gene pool, while shrinking it. This genetic drift can change the proportional distribution of an allele by chance and even lead to fixation or loss of alleles. Due to the smaller population size after a bottleneck event, the chance of inbreeding and genetic homogeneity increases and unfavoured alleles can accumulate.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Population_bottleneck
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99% of Ancient Human Population Wiped Out 900,000 ...
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Did Humans Almost Go Extinct? | Random Thursday...
How Humans Nearly Went Extinct in 70,000 BC...
Population Bottlenecks...
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