Philip I of Hesse, (13 November 1504 – 31 March 1567), nicknamed der Großmütige (the "magnanimous") was a leading champion of the Protestant Reformation and one of the most important of the early Protestant rulers in Germany.
Early life and embracing of Protestantism
Philip was the son of LandgraveWilliam II of Hesse and his second wife Anna of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. His father died when Philip was five years old, and in 1514 his mother, after a series of struggles with the Estates of Hesse, succeeded in becoming regent on his behalf. The struggles over authority still continued, however. To put an end to them, Philip was declared of age in 1518, his actual assumption of power beginning the following year. The power of the Estates had been broken by his mother, but he owed her little else. His education had been very imperfect, and his moral and religious training had been neglected. Despite all this, he developed rapidly as a statesman, and soon began to take steps to increase his personal authority as a ruler.
The Landgraviate of Hesse (German:Landgrafschaft Hessen) was a Principality of the Holy Roman Empire. It existed as a unity from 1264 to 1567, when it was divided between the sons of late Landgrave Philip I.
History
In the early Middle Ages the Hessengau territory (named after the Germanic Chatti tribes) formed the northern parts of the German stem duchy of Franconia along with the adjacent Lahngau. Upon the extinction of the ducal Conradines, these Rhenish Franconian counties were gradually acquired by Landgrave Louis I of Thuringia and his successors.
Philip I (23 May 1052 – 29 July 1108), called the Amorous, was King of the Franks from 1060 to his death. His reign, like that of most of the early Capetians, was extraordinarily long for the time. The monarchy began a modest recovery from the low it reached in the reign of his father and he added to the royal demesne the Vexin and Bourges.
Biography
Philip was born 23 May 1052 at Champagne-et-Fontaine, the son of Henry I and his wife Anne of Kiev. Unusual at the time for Western Europe, his name was of Greek origin, being bestowed upon him by his mother. Although he was crowned king at the age of seven, until age fourteen (1066) his mother acted as regent, the first queen of France ever to do so. Baldwin V of Flanders also acted as co-regent.
Philip first married Bertha in 1072. Although the marriage produced the necessary heir, Philip fell in love with Bertrade de Montfort, the wife of Fulk IV, Count of Anjou. He repudiated Bertha (claiming she was too fat) and married Bertrade on 15 May 1092. In 1094, he was excommunicated by Hugh of Die, for the first time; after a long silence, Pope Urban II repeated the excommunication at the Council of Clermont in November 1095. Several times the ban was lifted as Philip promised to part with Bertrade, but he always returned to her, but in 1104 Philip made a public penance and must have kept his involvement with Bertrade discreet. In France, the king was opposed by Bishop Ivo of Chartres, a famous jurist.
Philip I, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (German: Philipp I., Herzog von Braunschweig-Grubenhagen; 1476 – 4 September 1551, Herzberg) was a member of the House of Guelph. He was ruler of the Principality of Grubenhagen. He was the second son of Duke Albert II of Grubenhagen and his wife Elizabeth, née Countess of Waldeck. Philip was the last member of the Grubenhagen line to use the title Duke of Brunswick. His successors used the title Duke of Brunswick and Lüneburg, like most other princes of the House of Guelph.
After his father's death in 1485, he was first under the guardianship of his cousin Henry and his mother Elisabeth. As early as 1486 he signed deeds himself. In 1494, he took up the government of his principality. His seat, Herzberg Castle, was completely destroyed in a fire in 1510. His cousin Henry died childless in 1526 and Philip inherited Henry's part of the principality, thereby reuniting all of Grubenhagen under a single Duke for the first time since 1479.
The English name "Hesse" originates in the Hessian dialects. The variant "Hessia" comes from the medieval LatinHassia. The German term Hessen is used by the European Commission because their policy is to leave regional names untranslated (paragraphs 1.31 & 1.35). The term "Hesse" ultimately derives from a Germanic tribe called the Chatti, who settled in the region in the first century B.C. An inhabitant of Hesse is called a Hessian (German: Hesse (masculine) or Hessin (feminine)). The synthetic elementhassium, number 108 on the periodic table, is named after the state of Hesse.
Heinrich Donatus Philipp Umberto Prinz und Landgraf von Hessen, commonly known as Donatus, Landgrave of Hesse is the head of the House of Brabant. He is the eldest son and successor of German aristocrat Moritz, Landgrave of Hesse, and his former wife, Princess Tatiana of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg and the German House of Hesse. A great-grandson of Victor Emmanuel III of Italy, he is named in part after Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse. He is also a descendant of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, and of Frederick III, German Emperor. He is a grandnephew by marriage of Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh, whose funeral he is due to attend.
published: 16 Apr 2021
Moritz, Landgrave Of Hesse
Moritz, Landgrave of Hesse was the son of Prince Philip, Landgrave of Hesse, and the head of the House of Brabant and the German House of Hesse.
published: 16 Apr 2021
Landgraviate Of Hesse-Kassel
The Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (German: Landgrafschaft Hessen-Kassel), spelled Hesse-Cassel during its entire existence, was a state in the Holy Roman Empire that was directly subject to the Emperor
#landgraviate #hessekassel
published: 20 Nov 2019
1 albus, 1770: Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel. — The private #coins #collection of Dema Yurii: DCC.
German old silver #coin.
ALBUS: https://www.dema-coins.com/2023/01/albus-coin-Hesse-Kassel.html (coin in my collection).
The Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (German "Landgrafschaft Hessen-Kassel") — German state in the Holy Roman Empire that was directly subject to the Emperor (1567-1803).
Ruler: Frederick II (German "Landgraf Friedrich II von Hessen-Kassel") — Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel during 1760-1785. Interesting, that he well known in world history by renting soldiers (called "Hessians") to Great Britain to help fight the American Revolutionary War.
I HESSEN ALBUS - 1770.
F.U.: initials of mintmaster Friedrich Ulrich.
Crowned monogram of Frederick II (Friedrich Landgraf).
Silver: 20 mm - 1.43 g
Reference price: 17$
published: 18 Jan 2023
The Hessians
A look at the Hessian royals including the Prince-Electors of Hesse-Kassel, the Landgraves of Hesse-Darmstadt and their successors the Grand Dukes of Hesse. The Grand Duchy of Hesse was overthrown with the rest of the German monarchies in 1918 at the end of World War I. The current heir to the Grand Duchy of Hesse is His Highness Moritz Prince and Landgrave of Hesse.
published: 07 Sep 2009
Guillermo VIII de Hesse-Kassel, Un Landgrave Anticatólico y Gran Amante de las Artes.
Guillermo fue un Landgrave que se mantuvo al frente de la gobernación de sus dominios durante muchos años, en un principio como regente y después como gobernante titular, de un Landgraviato se vería muy afectado por la guerra de los siete años, aunque Guillermo es realmente conocido por tomar una serie de medidas anticatólicas para poder preservar la fe protestante dentro de sus dominios.
El canal ya ha realizado la biografía de uno de los personajes que son mencionados en éste vídeo:
-Guillermo III de Inglaterra: https://youtu.be/lpAVJhmozK0
Conviértete en miembro de este canal para disfrutar de ventajas:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC6V0s7RceszzIlhGXXBGThA/join
#calvinismo #protestantes #catolicos #historia #history
published: 09 May 2022
Which saw Hesse-Kassel providing Great Britain with a staggering sixteen thousand trained soldiers
Hessians - The German Elite Mercenaries of the American Revolutionary War
A contract was drawn up, which saw the kingdom of Hesse-Kassel providing Great Britain with a staggering sixteen thousand trained soldiers. This wasn't a simple act of alliance, but a transaction that helped Landgrave Friedrich the Second alleviate his financial difficulties. For a sum of six hundred thousand pounds annually, England had at its disposal an elite force that could turn the tide of the American Revolutionary War.
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published: 27 Dec 2023
Landgrave Carl Of Hesse-Kassel #statue #shorts #youtubeshorts #viral #trending #figure
published: 17 Jul 2023
Golden Lion of Hesse-Cassel, Order: Encyclopedia of Freemasonry By Albert G. Mackey
"Instituted by Frederick II., 14th of August, 1770, under a decree of 6th July, to recompense virtue and merit." This is, Golden Lion of Hesse-Cassel, Order, Encyclopedia of Freemasonry By Albert G. Mackey
G, Encyclopedia of Freemasonry By Albert G. Mackey
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrDURG8i62OZZNx9-eOt4q3c846MvohIV
Shorts
https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrDURG8i62OaSj7SFS-8Fk_dVbbvL-Ta0
PayPal: https://www.paypal.me/warsoftheroses
We have joined Patreon. We are deeply in need of your support and help In order to be able to even afford internet and rent at this point in time as this is my only source of income. As an American currently living in the Philippines with no income, work, or family I'm basically helpless without your support. Even just a few dollars is very he...
published: 15 Sep 2023
He leased these Hessian Soldiers to Britain to quell the uprising in the American colonies
Hessians - The German Elite Mercenaries of the American Revolutionary War
What if I told you that the American Revolution was not just a battle between Britain and the American colonies, but involved a third party? Enter the Hessians, a historical enigma wrapped in the cloak of warfare. These soldiers hailed from Hesse-Kassel, a region governed by the cash-strapped Landgrave Friedrich II. Facing financial difficulties, Friedrich made a deal with Britain that would change the course of history. He leased his subjects - these very Hessians - to Britain, effectively selling their military prowess to quell the uprising in the American colonies.
🤘 SUBSCRIBE TO LIFE ACCORDING TO LUFI AND DON'T MISS ANY NEW VIDEO @Life.According.To.Lufi
Thank you for you support!
Heinrich Donatus Philipp Umberto Prinz und Landgraf von Hessen, commonly known as Donatus, Landgrave of Hesse is the head of the House of Brabant. He is the eld...
Heinrich Donatus Philipp Umberto Prinz und Landgraf von Hessen, commonly known as Donatus, Landgrave of Hesse is the head of the House of Brabant. He is the eldest son and successor of German aristocrat Moritz, Landgrave of Hesse, and his former wife, Princess Tatiana of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg and the German House of Hesse. A great-grandson of Victor Emmanuel III of Italy, he is named in part after Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse. He is also a descendant of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, and of Frederick III, German Emperor. He is a grandnephew by marriage of Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh, whose funeral he is due to attend.
Heinrich Donatus Philipp Umberto Prinz und Landgraf von Hessen, commonly known as Donatus, Landgrave of Hesse is the head of the House of Brabant. He is the eldest son and successor of German aristocrat Moritz, Landgrave of Hesse, and his former wife, Princess Tatiana of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg and the German House of Hesse. A great-grandson of Victor Emmanuel III of Italy, he is named in part after Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse. He is also a descendant of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, and of Frederick III, German Emperor. He is a grandnephew by marriage of Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh, whose funeral he is due to attend.
The Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (German: Landgrafschaft Hessen-Kassel), spelled Hesse-Cassel during its entire existence, was a state in the Holy Roman Empire ...
The Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (German: Landgrafschaft Hessen-Kassel), spelled Hesse-Cassel during its entire existence, was a state in the Holy Roman Empire that was directly subject to the Emperor
#landgraviate #hessekassel
The Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (German: Landgrafschaft Hessen-Kassel), spelled Hesse-Cassel during its entire existence, was a state in the Holy Roman Empire that was directly subject to the Emperor
#landgraviate #hessekassel
German old silver #coin.
ALBUS: https://www.dema-coins.com/2023/01/albus-coin-Hesse-Kassel.html (coin in my collection).
The Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (Ger...
German old silver #coin.
ALBUS: https://www.dema-coins.com/2023/01/albus-coin-Hesse-Kassel.html (coin in my collection).
The Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (German "Landgrafschaft Hessen-Kassel") — German state in the Holy Roman Empire that was directly subject to the Emperor (1567-1803).
Ruler: Frederick II (German "Landgraf Friedrich II von Hessen-Kassel") — Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel during 1760-1785. Interesting, that he well known in world history by renting soldiers (called "Hessians") to Great Britain to help fight the American Revolutionary War.
I HESSEN ALBUS - 1770.
F.U.: initials of mintmaster Friedrich Ulrich.
Crowned monogram of Frederick II (Friedrich Landgraf).
Silver: 20 mm - 1.43 g
Reference price: 17$
German old silver #coin.
ALBUS: https://www.dema-coins.com/2023/01/albus-coin-Hesse-Kassel.html (coin in my collection).
The Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (German "Landgrafschaft Hessen-Kassel") — German state in the Holy Roman Empire that was directly subject to the Emperor (1567-1803).
Ruler: Frederick II (German "Landgraf Friedrich II von Hessen-Kassel") — Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel during 1760-1785. Interesting, that he well known in world history by renting soldiers (called "Hessians") to Great Britain to help fight the American Revolutionary War.
I HESSEN ALBUS - 1770.
F.U.: initials of mintmaster Friedrich Ulrich.
Crowned monogram of Frederick II (Friedrich Landgraf).
Silver: 20 mm - 1.43 g
Reference price: 17$
A look at the Hessian royals including the Prince-Electors of Hesse-Kassel, the Landgraves of Hesse-Darmstadt and their successors the Grand Dukes of Hesse. The...
A look at the Hessian royals including the Prince-Electors of Hesse-Kassel, the Landgraves of Hesse-Darmstadt and their successors the Grand Dukes of Hesse. The Grand Duchy of Hesse was overthrown with the rest of the German monarchies in 1918 at the end of World War I. The current heir to the Grand Duchy of Hesse is His Highness Moritz Prince and Landgrave of Hesse.
A look at the Hessian royals including the Prince-Electors of Hesse-Kassel, the Landgraves of Hesse-Darmstadt and their successors the Grand Dukes of Hesse. The Grand Duchy of Hesse was overthrown with the rest of the German monarchies in 1918 at the end of World War I. The current heir to the Grand Duchy of Hesse is His Highness Moritz Prince and Landgrave of Hesse.
Guillermo fue un Landgrave que se mantuvo al frente de la gobernación de sus dominios durante muchos años, en un principio como regente y después como gobernan...
Guillermo fue un Landgrave que se mantuvo al frente de la gobernación de sus dominios durante muchos años, en un principio como regente y después como gobernante titular, de un Landgraviato se vería muy afectado por la guerra de los siete años, aunque Guillermo es realmente conocido por tomar una serie de medidas anticatólicas para poder preservar la fe protestante dentro de sus dominios.
El canal ya ha realizado la biografía de uno de los personajes que son mencionados en éste vídeo:
-Guillermo III de Inglaterra: https://youtu.be/lpAVJhmozK0
Conviértete en miembro de este canal para disfrutar de ventajas:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC6V0s7RceszzIlhGXXBGThA/join
#calvinismo #protestantes #catolicos #historia #history
Guillermo fue un Landgrave que se mantuvo al frente de la gobernación de sus dominios durante muchos años, en un principio como regente y después como gobernante titular, de un Landgraviato se vería muy afectado por la guerra de los siete años, aunque Guillermo es realmente conocido por tomar una serie de medidas anticatólicas para poder preservar la fe protestante dentro de sus dominios.
El canal ya ha realizado la biografía de uno de los personajes que son mencionados en éste vídeo:
-Guillermo III de Inglaterra: https://youtu.be/lpAVJhmozK0
Conviértete en miembro de este canal para disfrutar de ventajas:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC6V0s7RceszzIlhGXXBGThA/join
#calvinismo #protestantes #catolicos #historia #history
Hessians - The German Elite Mercenaries of the American Revolutionary War
A contract was drawn up, which saw the kingdom of Hesse-Kassel providing Great Britai...
Hessians - The German Elite Mercenaries of the American Revolutionary War
A contract was drawn up, which saw the kingdom of Hesse-Kassel providing Great Britain with a staggering sixteen thousand trained soldiers. This wasn't a simple act of alliance, but a transaction that helped Landgrave Friedrich the Second alleviate his financial difficulties. For a sum of six hundred thousand pounds annually, England had at its disposal an elite force that could turn the tide of the American Revolutionary War.
🤘 SUBSCRIBE TO LIFE ACCORDING TO LUFI AND DON'T MISS ANY NEW VIDEO @Life.According.To.Lufi
Thank you for you support!
Hessians - The German Elite Mercenaries of the American Revolutionary War
A contract was drawn up, which saw the kingdom of Hesse-Kassel providing Great Britain with a staggering sixteen thousand trained soldiers. This wasn't a simple act of alliance, but a transaction that helped Landgrave Friedrich the Second alleviate his financial difficulties. For a sum of six hundred thousand pounds annually, England had at its disposal an elite force that could turn the tide of the American Revolutionary War.
🤘 SUBSCRIBE TO LIFE ACCORDING TO LUFI AND DON'T MISS ANY NEW VIDEO @Life.According.To.Lufi
Thank you for you support!
"Instituted by Frederick II., 14th of August, 1770, under a decree of 6th July, to recompense virtue and merit." This is, Golden Lion of Hesse-Cassel, Order, En...
"Instituted by Frederick II., 14th of August, 1770, under a decree of 6th July, to recompense virtue and merit." This is, Golden Lion of Hesse-Cassel, Order, Encyclopedia of Freemasonry By Albert G. Mackey
G, Encyclopedia of Freemasonry By Albert G. Mackey
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrDURG8i62OZZNx9-eOt4q3c846MvohIV
Shorts
https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrDURG8i62OaSj7SFS-8Fk_dVbbvL-Ta0
PayPal: https://www.paypal.me/warsoftheroses
We have joined Patreon. We are deeply in need of your support and help In order to be able to even afford internet and rent at this point in time as this is my only source of income. As an American currently living in the Philippines with no income, work, or family I'm basically helpless without your support. Even just a few dollars is very helpful thank you very much. If we can reach higher goals I will be able to get a good computer and better microphone as what I have now is not high quality.
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Background Music:
"Instituted by Frederick II., 14th of August, 1770, under a decree of 6th July, to recompense virtue and merit." This is, Golden Lion of Hesse-Cassel, Order, Encyclopedia of Freemasonry By Albert G. Mackey
G, Encyclopedia of Freemasonry By Albert G. Mackey
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrDURG8i62OZZNx9-eOt4q3c846MvohIV
Shorts
https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrDURG8i62OaSj7SFS-8Fk_dVbbvL-Ta0
PayPal: https://www.paypal.me/warsoftheroses
We have joined Patreon. We are deeply in need of your support and help In order to be able to even afford internet and rent at this point in time as this is my only source of income. As an American currently living in the Philippines with no income, work, or family I'm basically helpless without your support. Even just a few dollars is very helpful thank you very much. If we can reach higher goals I will be able to get a good computer and better microphone as what I have now is not high quality.
https://www.patreon.com/warsoftheroses
Website: http://warsoftherosoes.blogspot.com/
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Background Music:
Hessians - The German Elite Mercenaries of the American Revolutionary War
What if I told you that the American Revolution was not just a battle between Britain...
Hessians - The German Elite Mercenaries of the American Revolutionary War
What if I told you that the American Revolution was not just a battle between Britain and the American colonies, but involved a third party? Enter the Hessians, a historical enigma wrapped in the cloak of warfare. These soldiers hailed from Hesse-Kassel, a region governed by the cash-strapped Landgrave Friedrich II. Facing financial difficulties, Friedrich made a deal with Britain that would change the course of history. He leased his subjects - these very Hessians - to Britain, effectively selling their military prowess to quell the uprising in the American colonies.
🤘 SUBSCRIBE TO LIFE ACCORDING TO LUFI AND DON'T MISS ANY NEW VIDEO @Life.According.To.Lufi
Thank you for you support!
Hessians - The German Elite Mercenaries of the American Revolutionary War
What if I told you that the American Revolution was not just a battle between Britain and the American colonies, but involved a third party? Enter the Hessians, a historical enigma wrapped in the cloak of warfare. These soldiers hailed from Hesse-Kassel, a region governed by the cash-strapped Landgrave Friedrich II. Facing financial difficulties, Friedrich made a deal with Britain that would change the course of history. He leased his subjects - these very Hessians - to Britain, effectively selling their military prowess to quell the uprising in the American colonies.
🤘 SUBSCRIBE TO LIFE ACCORDING TO LUFI AND DON'T MISS ANY NEW VIDEO @Life.According.To.Lufi
Thank you for you support!
Heinrich Donatus Philipp Umberto Prinz und Landgraf von Hessen, commonly known as Donatus, Landgrave of Hesse is the head of the House of Brabant. He is the eldest son and successor of German aristocrat Moritz, Landgrave of Hesse, and his former wife, Princess Tatiana of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg and the German House of Hesse. A great-grandson of Victor Emmanuel III of Italy, he is named in part after Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse. He is also a descendant of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, and of Frederick III, German Emperor. He is a grandnephew by marriage of Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh, whose funeral he is due to attend.
The Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (German: Landgrafschaft Hessen-Kassel), spelled Hesse-Cassel during its entire existence, was a state in the Holy Roman Empire that was directly subject to the Emperor
#landgraviate #hessekassel
German old silver #coin.
ALBUS: https://www.dema-coins.com/2023/01/albus-coin-Hesse-Kassel.html (coin in my collection).
The Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (German "Landgrafschaft Hessen-Kassel") — German state in the Holy Roman Empire that was directly subject to the Emperor (1567-1803).
Ruler: Frederick II (German "Landgraf Friedrich II von Hessen-Kassel") — Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel during 1760-1785. Interesting, that he well known in world history by renting soldiers (called "Hessians") to Great Britain to help fight the American Revolutionary War.
I HESSEN ALBUS - 1770.
F.U.: initials of mintmaster Friedrich Ulrich.
Crowned monogram of Frederick II (Friedrich Landgraf).
Silver: 20 mm - 1.43 g
Reference price: 17$
A look at the Hessian royals including the Prince-Electors of Hesse-Kassel, the Landgraves of Hesse-Darmstadt and their successors the Grand Dukes of Hesse. The Grand Duchy of Hesse was overthrown with the rest of the German monarchies in 1918 at the end of World War I. The current heir to the Grand Duchy of Hesse is His Highness Moritz Prince and Landgrave of Hesse.
Guillermo fue un Landgrave que se mantuvo al frente de la gobernación de sus dominios durante muchos años, en un principio como regente y después como gobernante titular, de un Landgraviato se vería muy afectado por la guerra de los siete años, aunque Guillermo es realmente conocido por tomar una serie de medidas anticatólicas para poder preservar la fe protestante dentro de sus dominios.
El canal ya ha realizado la biografía de uno de los personajes que son mencionados en éste vídeo:
-Guillermo III de Inglaterra: https://youtu.be/lpAVJhmozK0
Conviértete en miembro de este canal para disfrutar de ventajas:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC6V0s7RceszzIlhGXXBGThA/join
#calvinismo #protestantes #catolicos #historia #history
Hessians - The German Elite Mercenaries of the American Revolutionary War
A contract was drawn up, which saw the kingdom of Hesse-Kassel providing Great Britain with a staggering sixteen thousand trained soldiers. This wasn't a simple act of alliance, but a transaction that helped Landgrave Friedrich the Second alleviate his financial difficulties. For a sum of six hundred thousand pounds annually, England had at its disposal an elite force that could turn the tide of the American Revolutionary War.
🤘 SUBSCRIBE TO LIFE ACCORDING TO LUFI AND DON'T MISS ANY NEW VIDEO @Life.According.To.Lufi
Thank you for you support!
"Instituted by Frederick II., 14th of August, 1770, under a decree of 6th July, to recompense virtue and merit." This is, Golden Lion of Hesse-Cassel, Order, Encyclopedia of Freemasonry By Albert G. Mackey
G, Encyclopedia of Freemasonry By Albert G. Mackey
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrDURG8i62OZZNx9-eOt4q3c846MvohIV
Shorts
https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrDURG8i62OaSj7SFS-8Fk_dVbbvL-Ta0
PayPal: https://www.paypal.me/warsoftheroses
We have joined Patreon. We are deeply in need of your support and help In order to be able to even afford internet and rent at this point in time as this is my only source of income. As an American currently living in the Philippines with no income, work, or family I'm basically helpless without your support. Even just a few dollars is very helpful thank you very much. If we can reach higher goals I will be able to get a good computer and better microphone as what I have now is not high quality.
https://www.patreon.com/warsoftheroses
Website: http://warsoftherosoes.blogspot.com/
Odysee: https://odysee.com/@warsoftheroses:e
D Tube: https://d.tube/#!/c/tupactip
Steemit: https://steemit.com/@tupactip
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Minds: https://www.minds.com/tupactip/
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Background Music:
Hessians - The German Elite Mercenaries of the American Revolutionary War
What if I told you that the American Revolution was not just a battle between Britain and the American colonies, but involved a third party? Enter the Hessians, a historical enigma wrapped in the cloak of warfare. These soldiers hailed from Hesse-Kassel, a region governed by the cash-strapped Landgrave Friedrich II. Facing financial difficulties, Friedrich made a deal with Britain that would change the course of history. He leased his subjects - these very Hessians - to Britain, effectively selling their military prowess to quell the uprising in the American colonies.
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Philip I of Hesse, (13 November 1504 – 31 March 1567), nicknamed der Großmütige (the "magnanimous") was a leading champion of the Protestant Reformation and one of the most important of the early Protestant rulers in Germany.
Early life and embracing of Protestantism
Philip was the son of LandgraveWilliam II of Hesse and his second wife Anna of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. His father died when Philip was five years old, and in 1514 his mother, after a series of struggles with the Estates of Hesse, succeeded in becoming regent on his behalf. The struggles over authority still continued, however. To put an end to them, Philip was declared of age in 1518, his actual assumption of power beginning the following year. The power of the Estates had been broken by his mother, but he owed her little else. His education had been very imperfect, and his moral and religious training had been neglected. Despite all this, he developed rapidly as a statesman, and soon began to take steps to increase his personal authority as a ruler.