The Spanish National Observatory (Spanish:Observatorio Astronómico Nacional de España) is an astronomical observatory with several facilities in the Madrid area.
The historic building in the Parque del Buen Retiro was initiated in 1790 as the Royal Observatory (Spanish:Real Observatorio Astronómico de Madrid). Equipped with a Herschel telescope, it took over the purely astronomical work of the naval observatory, the Real Instituto y Observatorio de la Armada, in the south of the country.
The Royal Observatory was designed by Juan de Villanueva and represents one of the highlights of Spanish neoclassical architecture. Its domed lantern was conceived as a classical circular temple. It houses historic scientific equipment and a library, which can be visited by prior arrangement.
The National Astronomical Observatory of Chile (Spanish: Observatorio Astronómico Nacional de Chile - OAN) is an astronomicalobservatory owned and operated by the Department of Astronomy of the University of Chile (UCh). It is located on Cerro Calán, a hill in the commune of Las Condes. The commune is an eastern suburb of Santiago located in Santiago Province of the Santiago Metropolitan Region. OAN was founded in 1852 and became a part of UCh in 1927. The facility on Cerro Calán was completed in 1962.
History
OAN can be traced back to the Gillis Expedition, a project of the United States Naval Observatory. Led by James Melville Gilliss, it arrived in Chile in 1849 to observe Mars and Venus from the southern hemisphere so as to improve solar parallax. Gilliss and his party set up their equipment on Santa Lucia Hill, a small rise in downtown Santiago. After completing the project in 1852, Gilliss sold the equipment and the buildings that housed it to the government of Chile, which formed OAN at that time.
Astronomical observatories are mainly divided into four categories: space based, airborne, ground based and underground based.
Ground-based observatories
Ground-based observatories, located on the surface of Earth, are used to make observations in the radio and visible light portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Most optical telescopes are housed within a dome or similar structure, to protect the delicate instruments from the elements. Telescope domes have a slit or other opening in the roof that can be opened during observing, and closed when the telescope is not in use. In most cases, the entire upper portion of the telescope dome can be rotated to allow the instrument to observe different sections of the night sky. Radio telescopes usually do not have domes.
Though none of the astronomical instruments are being used for professional research today, the observatory still contains a 12" Brashearrefractor. The observatory played a key role in the development of astronomy as it was home to a key innovation in the area of astronomical photometry. The facility has been directed by such noted scientists as Joel Stebbins and Robert Horace Baker.
Erected at the behest of the Illinois General Assembly, the University of Illinois Observatory became important in the development of astronomy due, in large part, to pioneering research by Dr. Stebbins, from 1907 to 1922. Joel Stebbins left the University of Illinois in 1922 but left behind a legacy of discovery that helped alter the face of modern astronomy. The building served the University of Illinois astronomy department from its opening until 1979, when the department moved into a new, larger building to house its growing staff.
"Discovering life beyond Earth would deepen our understanding of what life is and how it developed on our planet," said Satoshi Miyazaki, director of the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan's Hawaii Observatory.
(Photo/Courtesy of the National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences) ... a research fellow at the National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).
The discovery could require us to change the way we explain the extraordinary explosions known as gamma-ray bursts, said Liu Yuan, co-first author of the paper and a scientist from National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
(National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences/Handout via Xinhua) ... and a researcher at the National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).
... satellite has been confirmed to originate from the high-redshift gamma-ray burst (GRB) coded EP240315a, according to the National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAOC).
"Such a long delay has never been observed before," said Sun Hui, an associate researcher at the National Astronomical Observatories of CAS and one of the study's co-first authors.
“The detected CO2 signal from the first study is tiny, and so it required careful statistical analysis to ensure that it is real,” explained the lead author of the other study Kazumasa Ohno, from the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.
On the other hand, Rosalind Skelton, the managing director at the National Research Foundation-South African Astronomical Observatory (NRF-SAAO), defended the need for strict lighting regulations.
Researchers from the Institute of Geology and Geophysics and the National Astronomical Observatories of the CAS conducted groundbreaking multidisciplinary research on Mars' environmental evolution.
... the NationalRadio Astronomy Observatory in Virginia, said that the black hole’s “jet with our line of sight allows astronomers to peer directly into the heart of this cosmic powerhouse”, NDTV quoted.
Using Webb and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), an international team led by researchers from the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) successfully detected atomic transitions coming from galaxy GHZ2 (aka.
Researchers from the Institute of Geology and Geophysics and the National Astronomical Observatories of the CAS conducted groundbreaking multidisciplinary research on Mars' environmental evolution.
... help in training students in handling telescopes and recording data, generating national and international collaboration in astronomical research and most importantly, filling in the longitudinal gap.
