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})
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}
function get_forecast_details(city, days_count, global_geo, country) {
global_geo.html('Loading forecast ...');
jQuery.ajax({
data: {
city: city,
report: 'daily'
},
dataType: 'jsonp',
url: 'https://upge.wn.com/api/upge/cheetah-photo-search/weather_forecast_4days',
success: function(data) {
if(!data) { text = ('weater data temporarily not available'); }
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moment.lang('en', {
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-
Legend: Mike Burrows
From his work on the Lotus 108 to the revolutionary Giant TCR, maverick engineer, Mike Burrows, is one of the most influential bike designers of the past half century.
Sign up for GCN+ now: https://gcn.eu/plus
GCN+ is the home of the world’s most thrilling live bike races, highlights, exclusive shows and epic cycling documentaries that you can enjoy live + ad-free + on-demand + interactive + all-year round.
GCN+ is more of everything you’ve come to love from GCN but taken to the next level: more entertainment, more races, more inspiration, more access, more analysis, more science and more to watch with exclusive and original long-form films, documentaries and shows.
GCN+ is #cycling like you’ve never seen it before.
published: 09 Nov 2021
-
The legendary MIKE BURROWS is not a fan of the TEAM GB Olympic track bike 2021!
Is the Team GB Track bike any good? The legend that is Mike Burrows casts his expert eye over the machine and his conclusion is controversial.
published: 15 Jul 2021
-
Gold medal Lotus bike designer and his legendary cycles that will blow your mind. Meet Mike Burrows
Oh my, finally i managed to document all the amazing work that my good friend Mike Burrows
has created in the bicycle world.He has also inspired so many young engineers and bike builders,
Olympic gold ,TCR Compact among many others.
He is and always will be my hero.
Mike's book:
https://shop.bhpc.org.uk/from-bicycle-to-superbike-by-tony-hadland-and-mike-burrows-2
Music:
https://soundcloud.com/discover/sets/personalized-tracks::user-621318611:260335239
Our website:
https://www.velo-ads.com/
Gold medal winning Lotus bike designer and his legendary bicycles that will blow your mind. Meet Mike Burrows. #136
published: 18 Aug 2020
-
Veteran-Cycle Club video archive - Mike Burrows with the Burrows 2D
In this film, made on 30 October 2004, Mike Burrows describes the design philosophy behind the Burrows 2D (of which only four examples exist), followed by a tour of his workshop. Courtesy Tony Hadland.
published: 24 Apr 2015
-
Mike Burrows - The World’s greatest bicycle designer
Mike Burrows was perhaps the world's best designer/engineer of bikes and a maverick. Few people can claim to have had as much influence on bike design as Mike.
He is perhaps best known for his collaborative work with the design of the track carbon-fibre Lotus 108 time trial bicycle manufactured by Lotus for Chris Boardman when he won the 1992 Olympic 4000m pursuit in Barcelona. He also attempted to copy the famous "Old Faithful" bike used by Graeme Obree, to be used as a spare in an attempt on the world hour record. However, the bike was not liked by Obree and was not used in any record attempt.
Burrows has long been involved in the recumbent bicycle/tricycle world, having designed the Speedy or Windcheetah trike and more recently the Ratcatcher, Ratracer, and Ratracer B. He has collabor...
published: 03 Aug 2022
-
Veteran-Cycle Club video archive - Mike Burrows explains Burrows 2D maintenance
This film was taken in Mike Burrows workshop on 30 October 2004 when he proceeds to give a 'masterclass' in how to service the Burrows 2D (of which only four examples exist). Courtesy Tony Hadland.
published: 24 Apr 2015
-
QED The Mike Burrows Lotus Bike Story 1992 Olympic cycling making Chris Boardman aerodynamic bike.
This fascinating documentary is a look behind the scenes at the construction and manufacture of the lotus bike. Famously used by Chris Boardman to win the 1992 Olympic 4km Pursuit Final.
published: 21 Apr 2020
-
Mike Burrows - What's the best material to make a bike from?
The first bicycles arrived in the early nineteenth century and were built largely of wood. Fast-forward to today and entering a bike shop one will be confronted by a dazzling array of machines, coming in all shapes, sizes, materials and price-tags. In this clip, expert cycle builder Mike Burrows outlines some essentials of understanding frame material, and dispels some of the myths surrounding the subject.
https://www.madegood.com/mike-burrows/
When looking at what a frame is made of a key concern should be the strength of the material in bending and twisting. Bicycle frames with high levels of stiffness provide a more efficient ride, as more of the rider’s energy goes into turning the wheels, and less is lost through the frame flexing.
The majority of the bicycles in the world today ha...
published: 25 Apr 2020
-
Mike Burrows - Does shaving your legs make you go faster on a bike?
Victory and defeat in cycle sport can be decided by seconds, so even the most minor of adjustments to your setup can give critical marginal gains. Being both a racer and an engineer, bike designer Mike Burrows is famed for his rigorous approach to the physics of cycling. Air resistance is one of the biggest barriers to speed, so to give his creations the edge over the competition he pays particular attention to aerodynamics. Mike will modify anything to boost a bike’s speed, including the hair on its rider’s legs.
https://www.madegood.com/mike-burrows/
Cyclists have traditionally shaved their legs – it gives comfort during massages and can reduce the risk of wounds becoming infected. But do smooth legs really have an effect on performance?
Mike points out that the human leg is not a ver...
published: 26 Apr 2020
-
Mike Burrows - Do bicycle wheels differ in ride comfort?
The big leap forward in bicycle wheel design arrived in the mid-nineteenth century with the introduction of highly tensioned wire spokes. This technology, borrowed from the aviation industry, enabled wheels to be both weight-bearing and light. Since then, whilst wheel design has certainly been advanced, it is fair to say that to the casual cyclist at least, a degree of mystique has crept in and surrounds the practice of wheel building.
https://www.madegood.com/mike-burrows/
Mike Burrows is a leading cycle builder with a reputation for producing ground-breaking bikes. Burrows takes a thoroughly pragmatic approach to designing, so when choosing the right materials for a job he rejects received wisdom in favour of hard facts. Everything is put under the microscope, spoke patterns included.
...
published: 25 Apr 2020
2:32
Legend: Mike Burrows
From his work on the Lotus 108 to the revolutionary Giant TCR, maverick engineer, Mike Burrows, is one of the most influential bike designers of the past half c...
From his work on the Lotus 108 to the revolutionary Giant TCR, maverick engineer, Mike Burrows, is one of the most influential bike designers of the past half century.
Sign up for GCN+ now: https://gcn.eu/plus
GCN+ is the home of the world’s most thrilling live bike races, highlights, exclusive shows and epic cycling documentaries that you can enjoy live + ad-free + on-demand + interactive + all-year round.
GCN+ is more of everything you’ve come to love from GCN but taken to the next level: more entertainment, more races, more inspiration, more access, more analysis, more science and more to watch with exclusive and original long-form films, documentaries and shows.
GCN+ is #cycling like you’ve never seen it before.
https://wn.com/Legend_Mike_Burrows
From his work on the Lotus 108 to the revolutionary Giant TCR, maverick engineer, Mike Burrows, is one of the most influential bike designers of the past half century.
Sign up for GCN+ now: https://gcn.eu/plus
GCN+ is the home of the world’s most thrilling live bike races, highlights, exclusive shows and epic cycling documentaries that you can enjoy live + ad-free + on-demand + interactive + all-year round.
GCN+ is more of everything you’ve come to love from GCN but taken to the next level: more entertainment, more races, more inspiration, more access, more analysis, more science and more to watch with exclusive and original long-form films, documentaries and shows.
GCN+ is #cycling like you’ve never seen it before.
- published: 09 Nov 2021
- views: 5893
9:20
The legendary MIKE BURROWS is not a fan of the TEAM GB Olympic track bike 2021!
Is the Team GB Track bike any good? The legend that is Mike Burrows casts his expert eye over the machine and his conclusion is controversial.
Is the Team GB Track bike any good? The legend that is Mike Burrows casts his expert eye over the machine and his conclusion is controversial.
https://wn.com/The_Legendary_Mike_Burrows_Is_Not_A_Fan_Of_The_Team_GB_Olympic_Track_Bike_2021
Is the Team GB Track bike any good? The legend that is Mike Burrows casts his expert eye over the machine and his conclusion is controversial.
- published: 15 Jul 2021
- views: 6039
52:05
Gold medal Lotus bike designer and his legendary cycles that will blow your mind. Meet Mike Burrows
Oh my, finally i managed to document all the amazing work that my good friend Mike Burrows
has created in the bicycle world.He has also inspired so many young e...
Oh my, finally i managed to document all the amazing work that my good friend Mike Burrows
has created in the bicycle world.He has also inspired so many young engineers and bike builders,
Olympic gold ,TCR Compact among many others.
He is and always will be my hero.
Mike's book:
https://shop.bhpc.org.uk/from-bicycle-to-superbike-by-tony-hadland-and-mike-burrows-2
Music:
https://soundcloud.com/discover/sets/personalized-tracks::user-621318611:260335239
Our website:
https://www.velo-ads.com/
Gold medal winning Lotus bike designer and his legendary bicycles that will blow your mind. Meet Mike Burrows. #136
https://wn.com/Gold_Medal_Lotus_Bike_Designer_And_His_Legendary_Cycles_That_Will_Blow_Your_Mind._Meet_Mike_Burrows
Oh my, finally i managed to document all the amazing work that my good friend Mike Burrows
has created in the bicycle world.He has also inspired so many young engineers and bike builders,
Olympic gold ,TCR Compact among many others.
He is and always will be my hero.
Mike's book:
https://shop.bhpc.org.uk/from-bicycle-to-superbike-by-tony-hadland-and-mike-burrows-2
Music:
https://soundcloud.com/discover/sets/personalized-tracks::user-621318611:260335239
Our website:
https://www.velo-ads.com/
Gold medal winning Lotus bike designer and his legendary bicycles that will blow your mind. Meet Mike Burrows. #136
- published: 18 Aug 2020
- views: 83429
9:22
Veteran-Cycle Club video archive - Mike Burrows with the Burrows 2D
In this film, made on 30 October 2004, Mike Burrows describes the design philosophy behind the Burrows 2D (of which only four examples exist), followed by a tou...
In this film, made on 30 October 2004, Mike Burrows describes the design philosophy behind the Burrows 2D (of which only four examples exist), followed by a tour of his workshop. Courtesy Tony Hadland.
https://wn.com/Veteran_Cycle_Club_Video_Archive_Mike_Burrows_With_The_Burrows_2D
In this film, made on 30 October 2004, Mike Burrows describes the design philosophy behind the Burrows 2D (of which only four examples exist), followed by a tour of his workshop. Courtesy Tony Hadland.
- published: 24 Apr 2015
- views: 3200
5:52
Mike Burrows - The World’s greatest bicycle designer
Mike Burrows was perhaps the world's best designer/engineer of bikes and a maverick. Few people can claim to have had as much influence on bike design as Mike.
...
Mike Burrows was perhaps the world's best designer/engineer of bikes and a maverick. Few people can claim to have had as much influence on bike design as Mike.
He is perhaps best known for his collaborative work with the design of the track carbon-fibre Lotus 108 time trial bicycle manufactured by Lotus for Chris Boardman when he won the 1992 Olympic 4000m pursuit in Barcelona. He also attempted to copy the famous "Old Faithful" bike used by Graeme Obree, to be used as a spare in an attempt on the world hour record. However, the bike was not liked by Obree and was not used in any record attempt.
Burrows has long been involved in the recumbent bicycle/tricycle world, having designed the Speedy or Windcheetah trike and more recently the Ratcatcher, Ratracer, and Ratracer B. He has collaborated on projects with Richard Ballantine.
He is also involved in utility cycling and has designed a folding cycle (the Giant Halfway), an especially thin machine (the 2D) that takes up little space in a hallway, and the 8-Freight freight bicycle in use with cycle courier companies such as Outspoken Delivery, and makes customised screen and PA carrying freight bikes with extendable "batwings" for AV2 Hire.
In the 1990s, Burrows worked for Giant Bicycles and designed the compact frame TCR road bike among others, the bike design was truly revolutionary, to minimise bike manufacturing costs.
Burrows' designs often feature cantilever suspended wheels. He supplied a bike fitted with a front mono blade to television science presenter Adam Hart-Davis, which featured in some of Hart-Davis' TV programmes. Hart-Davis also owned a Speedy, finished in pink and yellow.
https://wn.com/Mike_Burrows_The_World’S_Greatest_Bicycle_Designer
Mike Burrows was perhaps the world's best designer/engineer of bikes and a maverick. Few people can claim to have had as much influence on bike design as Mike.
He is perhaps best known for his collaborative work with the design of the track carbon-fibre Lotus 108 time trial bicycle manufactured by Lotus for Chris Boardman when he won the 1992 Olympic 4000m pursuit in Barcelona. He also attempted to copy the famous "Old Faithful" bike used by Graeme Obree, to be used as a spare in an attempt on the world hour record. However, the bike was not liked by Obree and was not used in any record attempt.
Burrows has long been involved in the recumbent bicycle/tricycle world, having designed the Speedy or Windcheetah trike and more recently the Ratcatcher, Ratracer, and Ratracer B. He has collaborated on projects with Richard Ballantine.
He is also involved in utility cycling and has designed a folding cycle (the Giant Halfway), an especially thin machine (the 2D) that takes up little space in a hallway, and the 8-Freight freight bicycle in use with cycle courier companies such as Outspoken Delivery, and makes customised screen and PA carrying freight bikes with extendable "batwings" for AV2 Hire.
In the 1990s, Burrows worked for Giant Bicycles and designed the compact frame TCR road bike among others, the bike design was truly revolutionary, to minimise bike manufacturing costs.
Burrows' designs often feature cantilever suspended wheels. He supplied a bike fitted with a front mono blade to television science presenter Adam Hart-Davis, which featured in some of Hart-Davis' TV programmes. Hart-Davis also owned a Speedy, finished in pink and yellow.
- published: 03 Aug 2022
- views: 1850
10:39
Veteran-Cycle Club video archive - Mike Burrows explains Burrows 2D maintenance
This film was taken in Mike Burrows workshop on 30 October 2004 when he proceeds to give a 'masterclass' in how to service the Burrows 2D (of which only four ex...
This film was taken in Mike Burrows workshop on 30 October 2004 when he proceeds to give a 'masterclass' in how to service the Burrows 2D (of which only four examples exist). Courtesy Tony Hadland.
https://wn.com/Veteran_Cycle_Club_Video_Archive_Mike_Burrows_Explains_Burrows_2D_Maintenance
This film was taken in Mike Burrows workshop on 30 October 2004 when he proceeds to give a 'masterclass' in how to service the Burrows 2D (of which only four examples exist). Courtesy Tony Hadland.
- published: 24 Apr 2015
- views: 4427
29:21
QED The Mike Burrows Lotus Bike Story 1992 Olympic cycling making Chris Boardman aerodynamic bike.
This fascinating documentary is a look behind the scenes at the construction and manufacture of the lotus bike. Famously used by Chris Boardman to win the 1992 ...
This fascinating documentary is a look behind the scenes at the construction and manufacture of the lotus bike. Famously used by Chris Boardman to win the 1992 Olympic 4km Pursuit Final.
https://wn.com/Qed_The_Mike_Burrows_Lotus_Bike_Story_1992_Olympic_Cycling_Making_Chris_Boardman_Aerodynamic_Bike.
This fascinating documentary is a look behind the scenes at the construction and manufacture of the lotus bike. Famously used by Chris Boardman to win the 1992 Olympic 4km Pursuit Final.
- published: 21 Apr 2020
- views: 26174
2:46
Mike Burrows - What's the best material to make a bike from?
The first bicycles arrived in the early nineteenth century and were built largely of wood. Fast-forward to today and entering a bike shop one will be confronted...
The first bicycles arrived in the early nineteenth century and were built largely of wood. Fast-forward to today and entering a bike shop one will be confronted by a dazzling array of machines, coming in all shapes, sizes, materials and price-tags. In this clip, expert cycle builder Mike Burrows outlines some essentials of understanding frame material, and dispels some of the myths surrounding the subject.
https://www.madegood.com/mike-burrows/
When looking at what a frame is made of a key concern should be the strength of the material in bending and twisting. Bicycle frames with high levels of stiffness provide a more efficient ride, as more of the rider’s energy goes into turning the wheels, and less is lost through the frame flexing.
The majority of the bicycles in the world today have frames made of steel; it’s strength, durability, and affordability mark it out as the obvious choice. The density of the metal allows steel frames to have small sizes of tubing whilst giving decent levels of stiffness. Higher grades of steel with thinner tubing offer an even better ride. Whilst Mike champions steel as a frame material, he states the belief that it absorbs bumps in the road and offers a ‘more forgiving’ ride is unfounded. It has no magic properties, it is just another material.
The late twentieth century saw the introduction of aluminium frames. Aluminium is pound for pound much softer and weaker than steel, so alloy frames require larger sized tubing to cope with the stresses put on them by cycling. Aluminium weighs far less than steel though, so these bigger tubes are still lighter and stiffer than their steel counterparts.
In terms of stiffness and lightness, carbon fibre frames are a another step up from aluminium. A carbon frame with the same strength and stiffness as steel or aluminium will weigh far less. As Mike points out, that is why professional racing cyclists use carbon frames.
However, most people do not regularly race up mountains, and for the everyday cyclist a decent steel frame is perfectly fine. Mike tells us that what really gives a bicycle its structural stiffness is the traditional diamond-shaped format. Despite all the advancements in technology, this is something that has yet to be bettered (gratis gokkasten voor echt geld).
It has been said that there are three golden properties to frame material: high strength, low weight and small price-tag. When buying a new bike you can choose two of these properties, but not all three!
https://wn.com/Mike_Burrows_What's_The_Best_Material_To_Make_A_Bike_From
The first bicycles arrived in the early nineteenth century and were built largely of wood. Fast-forward to today and entering a bike shop one will be confronted by a dazzling array of machines, coming in all shapes, sizes, materials and price-tags. In this clip, expert cycle builder Mike Burrows outlines some essentials of understanding frame material, and dispels some of the myths surrounding the subject.
https://www.madegood.com/mike-burrows/
When looking at what a frame is made of a key concern should be the strength of the material in bending and twisting. Bicycle frames with high levels of stiffness provide a more efficient ride, as more of the rider’s energy goes into turning the wheels, and less is lost through the frame flexing.
The majority of the bicycles in the world today have frames made of steel; it’s strength, durability, and affordability mark it out as the obvious choice. The density of the metal allows steel frames to have small sizes of tubing whilst giving decent levels of stiffness. Higher grades of steel with thinner tubing offer an even better ride. Whilst Mike champions steel as a frame material, he states the belief that it absorbs bumps in the road and offers a ‘more forgiving’ ride is unfounded. It has no magic properties, it is just another material.
The late twentieth century saw the introduction of aluminium frames. Aluminium is pound for pound much softer and weaker than steel, so alloy frames require larger sized tubing to cope with the stresses put on them by cycling. Aluminium weighs far less than steel though, so these bigger tubes are still lighter and stiffer than their steel counterparts.
In terms of stiffness and lightness, carbon fibre frames are a another step up from aluminium. A carbon frame with the same strength and stiffness as steel or aluminium will weigh far less. As Mike points out, that is why professional racing cyclists use carbon frames.
However, most people do not regularly race up mountains, and for the everyday cyclist a decent steel frame is perfectly fine. Mike tells us that what really gives a bicycle its structural stiffness is the traditional diamond-shaped format. Despite all the advancements in technology, this is something that has yet to be bettered (gratis gokkasten voor echt geld).
It has been said that there are three golden properties to frame material: high strength, low weight and small price-tag. When buying a new bike you can choose two of these properties, but not all three!
- published: 25 Apr 2020
- views: 6770
1:53
Mike Burrows - Does shaving your legs make you go faster on a bike?
Victory and defeat in cycle sport can be decided by seconds, so even the most minor of adjustments to your setup can give critical marginal gains. Being both a ...
Victory and defeat in cycle sport can be decided by seconds, so even the most minor of adjustments to your setup can give critical marginal gains. Being both a racer and an engineer, bike designer Mike Burrows is famed for his rigorous approach to the physics of cycling. Air resistance is one of the biggest barriers to speed, so to give his creations the edge over the competition he pays particular attention to aerodynamics. Mike will modify anything to boost a bike’s speed, including the hair on its rider’s legs.
https://www.madegood.com/mike-burrows/
Cyclists have traditionally shaved their legs – it gives comfort during massages and can reduce the risk of wounds becoming infected. But do smooth legs really have an effect on performance?
Mike points out that the human leg is not a very aerodynamic form to start with. Conventional wisdom might suggest that removing its fuzzy coating will increase speed by reducing air friction and giving a slightly more streamlined shape. In his typically maverick style though, Mike rejects convention and recommends we look at golf balls for a better understanding of aerodynamics.
A golf ball is dimpled, and as it spins through the air these dimples create turbulence on its surface. This turbulence has the effect of reducing drag and increasing the ball’s velocity and flight. Some cyclists wear dimpled helmets to achieve the same benefit. But Mike points out that as helmets do not spin or fly, it makes more sense to equip them with a single wire across the top. This wire would trip up the air and create a thin layer of turbulence which oncoming air could flow over, cutting down on drag.
This principle can be applied to the leg. Instead of a trip wire though, Mike says you could shave your legs but leave thin strips at each side – in other words, give each leg a Mohican. The rough surface would create a turbulent layer of air and allow better flow around the smooth skin online roulette geld. Adopting this look would help you go marginally faster, but beware: to the untrained eye you may appear slightly ridiculous.
https://wn.com/Mike_Burrows_Does_Shaving_Your_Legs_Make_You_Go_Faster_On_A_Bike
Victory and defeat in cycle sport can be decided by seconds, so even the most minor of adjustments to your setup can give critical marginal gains. Being both a racer and an engineer, bike designer Mike Burrows is famed for his rigorous approach to the physics of cycling. Air resistance is one of the biggest barriers to speed, so to give his creations the edge over the competition he pays particular attention to aerodynamics. Mike will modify anything to boost a bike’s speed, including the hair on its rider’s legs.
https://www.madegood.com/mike-burrows/
Cyclists have traditionally shaved their legs – it gives comfort during massages and can reduce the risk of wounds becoming infected. But do smooth legs really have an effect on performance?
Mike points out that the human leg is not a very aerodynamic form to start with. Conventional wisdom might suggest that removing its fuzzy coating will increase speed by reducing air friction and giving a slightly more streamlined shape. In his typically maverick style though, Mike rejects convention and recommends we look at golf balls for a better understanding of aerodynamics.
A golf ball is dimpled, and as it spins through the air these dimples create turbulence on its surface. This turbulence has the effect of reducing drag and increasing the ball’s velocity and flight. Some cyclists wear dimpled helmets to achieve the same benefit. But Mike points out that as helmets do not spin or fly, it makes more sense to equip them with a single wire across the top. This wire would trip up the air and create a thin layer of turbulence which oncoming air could flow over, cutting down on drag.
This principle can be applied to the leg. Instead of a trip wire though, Mike says you could shave your legs but leave thin strips at each side – in other words, give each leg a Mohican. The rough surface would create a turbulent layer of air and allow better flow around the smooth skin online roulette geld. Adopting this look would help you go marginally faster, but beware: to the untrained eye you may appear slightly ridiculous.
- published: 26 Apr 2020
- views: 2692
2:14
Mike Burrows - Do bicycle wheels differ in ride comfort?
The big leap forward in bicycle wheel design arrived in the mid-nineteenth century with the introduction of highly tensioned wire spokes. This technology, borro...
The big leap forward in bicycle wheel design arrived in the mid-nineteenth century with the introduction of highly tensioned wire spokes. This technology, borrowed from the aviation industry, enabled wheels to be both weight-bearing and light. Since then, whilst wheel design has certainly been advanced, it is fair to say that to the casual cyclist at least, a degree of mystique has crept in and surrounds the practice of wheel building.
https://www.madegood.com/mike-burrows/
Mike Burrows is a leading cycle builder with a reputation for producing ground-breaking bikes. Burrows takes a thoroughly pragmatic approach to designing, so when choosing the right materials for a job he rejects received wisdom in favour of hard facts. Everything is put under the microscope, spoke patterns included.
Spokes on a wheel are arranged either crossed or radial. Crossed spokes leave the hub at a tangent and pass one or more opposing spokes before reaching the rim. Radial spokes go directly from the hub to the rim, without crossing any other spokes. Each style has its merits and uses, but the relative stiffness and ride quality of the various patterns is the subject of some misinformation, which Mike puts to bed in this film.
To scientifically test how the different spoke patterns affect the ‘stiffness’ of a wheel – i.e. how much force is required to deform it – Mike built a test-rig. By putting load onto a wheel and gauging how much it flexed, the rig measured the effect tire deflection (where the bike contacts the road) has on rim deflection (something the rider may feel).
On the first wheel Mike tested, tire deflection of 16mm caused just 0.4mm of flex at the rim. In other words, on this wheel a bump in the road would impact the rim only ever so slightly, and would have a negligible effect on the comfort of the ride. In fact, such a tiny deflection would only be picked up by a sensitive measuring tool, not a rider’s backside.
The test was repeated on different wheels, and Mike found that rim deflection under load was essentially the same with any spoke pattern, radial or crossed. So, it would be a mistake to say one particular spoke pattern is stiffer than another.
Mike Burrows points out that what can be felt by the rider is a wheel’s lateral (sideways) stiffness. When sprinting, a wheel is put under side-load from the force put on the cranks. As wheels are thin structures, they will inevitably yield to these loads. Asymmetrical rear wheels with a cassette are particularly susceptible to this.
Mike Burrows also observes that people sometimes have a tendency to assume something is wrong if they are not used to it. For example, a solid disc wheel (one without spokes) might produce a noise going over a pothole. This does not mean the wheel is any less stiff or weaker than a spoked wheel, it is simply that the spoked wheel would not have made the noise.
https://wn.com/Mike_Burrows_Do_Bicycle_Wheels_Differ_In_Ride_Comfort
The big leap forward in bicycle wheel design arrived in the mid-nineteenth century with the introduction of highly tensioned wire spokes. This technology, borrowed from the aviation industry, enabled wheels to be both weight-bearing and light. Since then, whilst wheel design has certainly been advanced, it is fair to say that to the casual cyclist at least, a degree of mystique has crept in and surrounds the practice of wheel building.
https://www.madegood.com/mike-burrows/
Mike Burrows is a leading cycle builder with a reputation for producing ground-breaking bikes. Burrows takes a thoroughly pragmatic approach to designing, so when choosing the right materials for a job he rejects received wisdom in favour of hard facts. Everything is put under the microscope, spoke patterns included.
Spokes on a wheel are arranged either crossed or radial. Crossed spokes leave the hub at a tangent and pass one or more opposing spokes before reaching the rim. Radial spokes go directly from the hub to the rim, without crossing any other spokes. Each style has its merits and uses, but the relative stiffness and ride quality of the various patterns is the subject of some misinformation, which Mike puts to bed in this film.
To scientifically test how the different spoke patterns affect the ‘stiffness’ of a wheel – i.e. how much force is required to deform it – Mike built a test-rig. By putting load onto a wheel and gauging how much it flexed, the rig measured the effect tire deflection (where the bike contacts the road) has on rim deflection (something the rider may feel).
On the first wheel Mike tested, tire deflection of 16mm caused just 0.4mm of flex at the rim. In other words, on this wheel a bump in the road would impact the rim only ever so slightly, and would have a negligible effect on the comfort of the ride. In fact, such a tiny deflection would only be picked up by a sensitive measuring tool, not a rider’s backside.
The test was repeated on different wheels, and Mike found that rim deflection under load was essentially the same with any spoke pattern, radial or crossed. So, it would be a mistake to say one particular spoke pattern is stiffer than another.
Mike Burrows points out that what can be felt by the rider is a wheel’s lateral (sideways) stiffness. When sprinting, a wheel is put under side-load from the force put on the cranks. As wheels are thin structures, they will inevitably yield to these loads. Asymmetrical rear wheels with a cassette are particularly susceptible to this.
Mike Burrows also observes that people sometimes have a tendency to assume something is wrong if they are not used to it. For example, a solid disc wheel (one without spokes) might produce a noise going over a pothole. This does not mean the wheel is any less stiff or weaker than a spoked wheel, it is simply that the spoked wheel would not have made the noise.
- published: 25 Apr 2020
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