Leonard B. Meyer, in Emotion and Meaning in Music (1956), distinguished "formalists" from what he called "expressionists": "...formalists would contend that the meaning of music lies in the perception and understanding of the musical relationships set forth in the work of art and that meaning in music is primarily intellectual, while the expressionist would argue that these same relationships are in some sense capable of exciting feelings and emotions in the listener" (Meyer 1956, p.3). (The term "expressionism" is also used to define a musical genre typified by the early works of Schoenberg. The two terms are not necessarily related.) Meyer applied the term formalist (p.3) to Eduard Hanslick who, in his later years, championed the music of Brahms over that of Liszt and Wagner because of the clear formal principles (drawn from Beethoven's music) that he found in Brahms's music as opposed to the attempts at emotional expression and pictorial depiction (drawn from Berlioz's music) that he found in the music of Liszt and Wagner. Meyer also applied the term to Igor Stravinsky, though Stravinsky avoided applying the term to himself in the same sense. His Poétique musicale of 1942 (translated in 1947 as Poetics of Music) explores "The phenomenon of music" (title of chapter 2) from a formalist perspective. The book is the transcript of a series of lectures Stravinsky gave at Harvard University as part of the Charles Eliot Norton Lectures in 1939-40.
In art history, formalism is the study of art by analyzing and comparing form and style—the way objects are made and their purely visual aspects. In painting, formalism emphasizes compositional elements such as color, line, shape, texture, and other perceptual aspects rather than iconography or the historical and social context. At its extreme, formalism in art history posits that everything necessary to comprehending a work of art is contained within the work of art. The context for the work, including the reason for its creation, the historical background, and the life of the artist, that is, its conceptual aspect is considered to be of secondary importance. Anti-formalism in art would assert the opposite ascription of respectively primary and secondary importance.
Background
The philosopher Nick Zangwill of Glasgow University has defined formalism in art as referring to those properties "that are determined solely by sensory or physical properties—so long as the physical properties in question are not relations to other things and other times." The philosopher and architect Branko Mitrovic has defined formalism in art and architecture as "the doctrine that states that the aesthetic qualities of works of visual art derive from the visual and spatial properties."
Legal formalism is a legal positivist view in philosophy of law and jurisprudence. While Jeremy Bentham's legal positivism can be seen as appertaining to the legislature, legal formalism appertains to the Judge; that is, formalism does not (as positivism does) suggest that the substantive justice of a law is irrelevant, but rather, that in a democracy, that is a question for the legislature to address, not the Judge.
Definition
The most obvious characteristic of legal formalism is the purported separation of legal reasoning (or "application" of norms to facts) from normative or policy considerations. The "formalist fiction" is that the process that produced the legal norms has exhausted normative and policy considerations; accordingly, law can be seen as a more or less "closed" normative system. Thus formalistic logic would tend to work well with the Aristotelian logic of definition by closed sets of necessary and sufficient conditions, yet is deficient when applied to areas where definition by "family resemblance" (Wittgenstein) is more suitable. For example, in private law, such tight systems as the law of negotiable instruments (for the U.S. example see Uniform Commercial Code, Article3) are frequently described as "formalistic" because decisions rest on a relatively closed-set of logically-organized rules; while contract law tends to be more "relational" than formalistic as it deals with much wider sets of relations and cases. Legal formalism thus needs not be a manifestation of positivistic commitments, but can be justified in some areas on functionalist grounds.
The term formalism describes an emphasis on form over content or meaning in the arts, literature, or philosophy. A practitioner of formalism is called a formalist. A formalist, with respect to some discipline, holds that there is no transcendent meaning to that discipline other than the literal content created by a practitioner. For example, formalists within mathematics claim that mathematics is no more than the symbols written down by the mathematician, which is based on logic and a few elementary rules alone. This is as opposed to non-formalists, within that field, who hold that there are some things inherently true, and are not, necessarily, dependent on the symbols within mathematics so much as a greater truth. Formalists within a discipline are completely concerned with "the rules of the game," as there is no other external truth that can be achieved beyond those given rules. In this sense, formalism lends itself well to disciplines based upon axiomatic systems.
Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound and silence. The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the "color" of a musical sound). Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements. Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and with vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping, and there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces and pieces that combine singing and instruments. The word derives from Greekμουσική (mousike; "art of the Muses"). In its most general form, the activities describing music as an art form include the production of works of music (songs, tunes, symphonies, and so on), the criticism of music, the study of the history of music, and the aesthetic examination of music. Ancient Greek and Indian philosophers defined music as tones ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies. Common sayings such as "the harmony of the spheres" and "it is music to my ears" point to the notion that music is often ordered and pleasant to listen to. However, 20th-century composer John Cage thought that any sound can be music, saying, for example, "There is no noise, only sound."
The story uses third-person narration and tells the story of Victor, a self-conscious man for whom "music he did not know... could be likened to the patter of a conversation in a strange tongue." When Victor arrives at a party, he finds the other guests listening with varying degrees of engagement to a man named Wolfe play the piano. As Victor does not know the song being played, he loses interest. He catches a glimpse of his ex-wife at the party, but cannot look at her. He laments the fact that now he must "start all over" the long task of forgetting her (in a flashback, it's revealed that she left him for another, who may or may not be at the party). Throughout the entire story, Victor views the music as a structure that has him encaged in an awkward situation with his ex-wife; it had seemed to him "a narrow dungeon" until it ends, thus giving his ex-wife the opportunity to leave, which she does. Victor then realizes that the music was not a dungeon, but actually "incredible bliss, a magic glass dome that had embraced and imprisoned him and her," and which allowed him to "breathe the same air as she." After she leaves, another party-goer comments to Victor that he looked immune to the music and that he didn't think such a thing possible. His own inanity is revealed when Victor asks him what was played and he cannot tell whether it was Beethoven's Kreutzer Sonata or Tekla Bądarzewska-Baranowska's rather easy piece, Maiden's Prayer.
The song was thought of by Sermon after buying a copy of Gaye's Midnight Love and the Sexual Healing Sessions album, which overlook some of the original album's earlier mixes. After listening to an outtake of Gaye's 1982 album track, "Turn On Some Music" (titled "I've Got My Music" in its initial version), Sermon decided to mix the vocals (done in a cappella) and add it into his own song. The result was similar to Natalie Cole's interpolation of her father, jazz great Nat "King" Cole's hit, "Unforgettable" revisioned as a duet. The hip hop and soul duet featuring the two veteran performers was released as the leading song of the soundtrack to the Martin Lawrence & Danny DeVito comedy, "What's the Worst That Could Happen?" The song became a runaway success rising to #2 on Billboard's R&B chart and was #1 on the rap charts. It also registered at #21 pop giving Sermon his highest-charted single on the pop charts as a solo artist and giving Gaye his first posthumous hit in 10 years following 1991's R&B-charted single, "My Last Chance" also bringing Gaye his 41st top 40 pop hit. There is also a version that's played on Adult R&B stations that removes Erick Sermon's rap verses. The song was featured in the 2011 Matthew McConaughey film The Lincoln Lawyer.
Aesthetic Theories of Music: Formalism, Referentialism, and Expressionism.
Definitions and descriptions for three aesthetic theories of beauty in music: Formalism, Referentialism, and Expressionism.
published: 22 May 2018
"Anti-formalist Rayok" by Dmitri Shostakovich, with English subtitles.
This piece is Shostakovich's brilliantly devastating satire of the Party's dictatorial control of Soviet art under the leadership of its Musicologist Number One -- Joseph Stalin. Paul wanted to share this piece with our English-speaking friends for a long time now, but couldn't find any version with English subtitles, so he translated and added his own.
This is a remarkable performance by Sergei Leiferkus, backed by Vladimir Spivakov's "Moscow Virtuosos". The composer calls for "four bass singers", but Mr. Leiferkus handles all four parts masterfully himself, arguably to an even greater effect.
Enjoy!
published: 14 May 2020
What is Formalism? | Philosophy Today | Formalism, art history| Definition of Formalism
|What is Formalism? |
The first thing that comes to mind when looking at the word formalism is: Form.
So, strictly described, formalism is an approach to study and interpret artworks by focusing exclusively on their form. By form, we mean the way the artwork is made and what it looks like.
In principle, a formalist appreciation of an artwork will be made by analyzing the compositional elements of that artwork.
Assuming you have a painting on hand, let’s say Blue Poles by Jackson Pollack for example. If you want to evaluate such painting based on the formalism approach, you shall look at colors, shape, and lines, and perhaps brushwork, composition, and texture.
Two names you should always remember when talking about formalism are: Clive Bell and Roger Fry.
Want to know more about forma...
published: 25 Mar 2019
Music Formalism Assignment 1
published: 13 Sep 2013
Formalism?
Random weird/cool clips with my Nikon D7100. Music from Radiohead's "Sail to the Moon".
published: 03 Feb 2015
Eccentric Formalism Rag - Robin Frost
Try the interactive tutorial, or download the Sheet music here: https://musescore.com/luis_alejandro_urbina_salinas/eccentric-formalism-rag-robin-frost?from=youtube_share
Eccentric Formalism Rag (Ragtime) - Robin Frost - 1985 / Transcripción por Luis A. Urbina S.
published: 16 Nov 2020
Lecture for Module 5: Art and Philosophy - Formalism, Expressionism, and Hedonism
This video is a lecture to supplement the GE Art Appreciation Students from their online class.
published: 17 Apr 2022
Formalism
published: 19 Jan 2021
7. Russian Formalism
Introduction to Theory of Literature (ENGL 300)
In this lecture, Professor Paul Fry explores the works of major Russian formalists reviewed in an essay by Boris Eikhenbaum. He begins by distinguishing Russian formalism from hermeneutics. Eikhenbaum's dependency on core ideas of Marxist and Darwinian philosophies of struggle and evolution is explained. Formalism's scientific language and methodical aspirations are discussed. Crucial formalist distinctions between plot and story, practical and poetic language, and literature and literariness are clarified.
00:00 - Chapter 1. Introduction to the Russian Formalist Tradition
09:22 - Chapter 2. Boris Eikhenbaum
20:02 - Chapter 3. Criticism of Perception: Defamiliarization
24:51 - Chapter 4. Poetic Language and Practical Language
30:30 ...
This piece is Shostakovich's brilliantly devastating satire of the Party's dictatorial control of Soviet art under the leadership of its Musicologist Number One...
This piece is Shostakovich's brilliantly devastating satire of the Party's dictatorial control of Soviet art under the leadership of its Musicologist Number One -- Joseph Stalin. Paul wanted to share this piece with our English-speaking friends for a long time now, but couldn't find any version with English subtitles, so he translated and added his own.
This is a remarkable performance by Sergei Leiferkus, backed by Vladimir Spivakov's "Moscow Virtuosos". The composer calls for "four bass singers", but Mr. Leiferkus handles all four parts masterfully himself, arguably to an even greater effect.
Enjoy!
This piece is Shostakovich's brilliantly devastating satire of the Party's dictatorial control of Soviet art under the leadership of its Musicologist Number One -- Joseph Stalin. Paul wanted to share this piece with our English-speaking friends for a long time now, but couldn't find any version with English subtitles, so he translated and added his own.
This is a remarkable performance by Sergei Leiferkus, backed by Vladimir Spivakov's "Moscow Virtuosos". The composer calls for "four bass singers", but Mr. Leiferkus handles all four parts masterfully himself, arguably to an even greater effect.
Enjoy!
|What is Formalism? |
The first thing that comes to mind when looking at the word formalism is: Form.
So, strictly described, formalism is an approach to study...
|What is Formalism? |
The first thing that comes to mind when looking at the word formalism is: Form.
So, strictly described, formalism is an approach to study and interpret artworks by focusing exclusively on their form. By form, we mean the way the artwork is made and what it looks like.
In principle, a formalist appreciation of an artwork will be made by analyzing the compositional elements of that artwork.
Assuming you have a painting on hand, let’s say Blue Poles by Jackson Pollack for example. If you want to evaluate such painting based on the formalism approach, you shall look at colors, shape, and lines, and perhaps brushwork, composition, and texture.
Two names you should always remember when talking about formalism are: Clive Bell and Roger Fry.
Want to know more about formalism!
Check out our video on Clive Bell, namely the Aesthetic Hypothesis and please remember to subscribe!
Philosophy Today engages the world in meaningful conversation about fundamental problems vis-à-vis matters such as existence, creativity, values, art, language, politics, religion, and knowledge…
#Formalism #Art #Philosophy #CliveBell #Arthistory #Philosophy
|What is Formalism? |
The first thing that comes to mind when looking at the word formalism is: Form.
So, strictly described, formalism is an approach to study and interpret artworks by focusing exclusively on their form. By form, we mean the way the artwork is made and what it looks like.
In principle, a formalist appreciation of an artwork will be made by analyzing the compositional elements of that artwork.
Assuming you have a painting on hand, let’s say Blue Poles by Jackson Pollack for example. If you want to evaluate such painting based on the formalism approach, you shall look at colors, shape, and lines, and perhaps brushwork, composition, and texture.
Two names you should always remember when talking about formalism are: Clive Bell and Roger Fry.
Want to know more about formalism!
Check out our video on Clive Bell, namely the Aesthetic Hypothesis and please remember to subscribe!
Philosophy Today engages the world in meaningful conversation about fundamental problems vis-à-vis matters such as existence, creativity, values, art, language, politics, religion, and knowledge…
#Formalism #Art #Philosophy #CliveBell #Arthistory #Philosophy
Try the interactive tutorial, or download the Sheet music here: https://musescore.com/luis_alejandro_urbina_salinas/eccentric-formalism-rag-robin-frost?from=you...
Try the interactive tutorial, or download the Sheet music here: https://musescore.com/luis_alejandro_urbina_salinas/eccentric-formalism-rag-robin-frost?from=youtube_share
Eccentric Formalism Rag (Ragtime) - Robin Frost - 1985 / Transcripción por Luis A. Urbina S.
Try the interactive tutorial, or download the Sheet music here: https://musescore.com/luis_alejandro_urbina_salinas/eccentric-formalism-rag-robin-frost?from=youtube_share
Eccentric Formalism Rag (Ragtime) - Robin Frost - 1985 / Transcripción por Luis A. Urbina S.
Introduction to Theory of Literature (ENGL 300)
In this lecture, Professor Paul Fry explores the works of major Russian formalists reviewed in an essay by Bo...
Introduction to Theory of Literature (ENGL 300)
In this lecture, Professor Paul Fry explores the works of major Russian formalists reviewed in an essay by Boris Eikhenbaum. He begins by distinguishing Russian formalism from hermeneutics. Eikhenbaum's dependency on core ideas of Marxist and Darwinian philosophies of struggle and evolution is explained. Formalism's scientific language and methodical aspirations are discussed. Crucial formalist distinctions between plot and story, practical and poetic language, and literature and literariness are clarified.
00:00 - Chapter 1. Introduction to the Russian Formalist Tradition
09:22 - Chapter 2. Boris Eikhenbaum
20:02 - Chapter 3. Criticism of Perception: Defamiliarization
24:51 - Chapter 4. Poetic Language and Practical Language
30:30 - Chapter 5. Device as a Function
35:36 - Chapter 6. Plot and Story
41:25 - Chapter 7. The Literary as Historiography
Complete course materials are available at the Open Yale Courses website: http://open.yale.edu/courses
This course was recorded in Spring 2009.
Introduction to Theory of Literature (ENGL 300)
In this lecture, Professor Paul Fry explores the works of major Russian formalists reviewed in an essay by Boris Eikhenbaum. He begins by distinguishing Russian formalism from hermeneutics. Eikhenbaum's dependency on core ideas of Marxist and Darwinian philosophies of struggle and evolution is explained. Formalism's scientific language and methodical aspirations are discussed. Crucial formalist distinctions between plot and story, practical and poetic language, and literature and literariness are clarified.
00:00 - Chapter 1. Introduction to the Russian Formalist Tradition
09:22 - Chapter 2. Boris Eikhenbaum
20:02 - Chapter 3. Criticism of Perception: Defamiliarization
24:51 - Chapter 4. Poetic Language and Practical Language
30:30 - Chapter 5. Device as a Function
35:36 - Chapter 6. Plot and Story
41:25 - Chapter 7. The Literary as Historiography
Complete course materials are available at the Open Yale Courses website: http://open.yale.edu/courses
This course was recorded in Spring 2009.
This piece is Shostakovich's brilliantly devastating satire of the Party's dictatorial control of Soviet art under the leadership of its Musicologist Number One -- Joseph Stalin. Paul wanted to share this piece with our English-speaking friends for a long time now, but couldn't find any version with English subtitles, so he translated and added his own.
This is a remarkable performance by Sergei Leiferkus, backed by Vladimir Spivakov's "Moscow Virtuosos". The composer calls for "four bass singers", but Mr. Leiferkus handles all four parts masterfully himself, arguably to an even greater effect.
Enjoy!
|What is Formalism? |
The first thing that comes to mind when looking at the word formalism is: Form.
So, strictly described, formalism is an approach to study and interpret artworks by focusing exclusively on their form. By form, we mean the way the artwork is made and what it looks like.
In principle, a formalist appreciation of an artwork will be made by analyzing the compositional elements of that artwork.
Assuming you have a painting on hand, let’s say Blue Poles by Jackson Pollack for example. If you want to evaluate such painting based on the formalism approach, you shall look at colors, shape, and lines, and perhaps brushwork, composition, and texture.
Two names you should always remember when talking about formalism are: Clive Bell and Roger Fry.
Want to know more about formalism!
Check out our video on Clive Bell, namely the Aesthetic Hypothesis and please remember to subscribe!
Philosophy Today engages the world in meaningful conversation about fundamental problems vis-à-vis matters such as existence, creativity, values, art, language, politics, religion, and knowledge…
#Formalism #Art #Philosophy #CliveBell #Arthistory #Philosophy
Try the interactive tutorial, or download the Sheet music here: https://musescore.com/luis_alejandro_urbina_salinas/eccentric-formalism-rag-robin-frost?from=youtube_share
Eccentric Formalism Rag (Ragtime) - Robin Frost - 1985 / Transcripción por Luis A. Urbina S.
Introduction to Theory of Literature (ENGL 300)
In this lecture, Professor Paul Fry explores the works of major Russian formalists reviewed in an essay by Boris Eikhenbaum. He begins by distinguishing Russian formalism from hermeneutics. Eikhenbaum's dependency on core ideas of Marxist and Darwinian philosophies of struggle and evolution is explained. Formalism's scientific language and methodical aspirations are discussed. Crucial formalist distinctions between plot and story, practical and poetic language, and literature and literariness are clarified.
00:00 - Chapter 1. Introduction to the Russian Formalist Tradition
09:22 - Chapter 2. Boris Eikhenbaum
20:02 - Chapter 3. Criticism of Perception: Defamiliarization
24:51 - Chapter 4. Poetic Language and Practical Language
30:30 - Chapter 5. Device as a Function
35:36 - Chapter 6. Plot and Story
41:25 - Chapter 7. The Literary as Historiography
Complete course materials are available at the Open Yale Courses website: http://open.yale.edu/courses
This course was recorded in Spring 2009.
Leonard B. Meyer, in Emotion and Meaning in Music (1956), distinguished "formalists" from what he called "expressionists": "...formalists would contend that the meaning of music lies in the perception and understanding of the musical relationships set forth in the work of art and that meaning in music is primarily intellectual, while the expressionist would argue that these same relationships are in some sense capable of exciting feelings and emotions in the listener" (Meyer 1956, p.3). (The term "expressionism" is also used to define a musical genre typified by the early works of Schoenberg. The two terms are not necessarily related.) Meyer applied the term formalist (p.3) to Eduard Hanslick who, in his later years, championed the music of Brahms over that of Liszt and Wagner because of the clear formal principles (drawn from Beethoven's music) that he found in Brahms's music as opposed to the attempts at emotional expression and pictorial depiction (drawn from Berlioz's music) that he found in the music of Liszt and Wagner. Meyer also applied the term to Igor Stravinsky, though Stravinsky avoided applying the term to himself in the same sense. His Poétique musicale of 1942 (translated in 1947 as Poetics of Music) explores "The phenomenon of music" (title of chapter 2) from a formalist perspective. The book is the transcript of a series of lectures Stravinsky gave at Harvard University as part of the Charles Eliot Norton Lectures in 1939-40.
I wanted to make art and music, but not be reliant on celebrity; to live more in line with my values ... There was a lot of humour and music, alongside the really fucking dark shit.” ... Music itself, she always adored.
Passion for music indeed runs in the family of entrepreneur Rosabella Jao-Arribas ... For Rosabella’s 11-year-old granddaughter, Jazzell Smith, the love for music seems deeply ingrained in her blood.
He lit a ceremonial lamp and released balloons into the air to commence the event, which features an array of performances, including classical dance and music, mushairas, hasya kavi sammelans, Sufi ...
A formal submission to the county will be submitted in about 30 days, Himmel said March 12. Also, a music festival known as the Palm TreeFestival is slated to make an appearance in West Palm Beach in the coming year, said Himmel.
The night will feature live music by Utah-based bluegrass artist Tara Shupe, free pizza and beer and non-alcoholic drinks for sale, she said. Shupe hails from a musical family in Ogden, according to Lavitt.
Each weekend, visitors can enjoy music in the BeerGarden from 11 am-3 pm, featuring live performances from top regional bands ...ExperienceIndia’s ‘Festival of Colors’ with vibrant color-throwing sessions, music, dance, and delicious cuisine.
She founded Voices from the Heart in 1995 after a workshop with Ysaye Barnwell of the African-American a cappella women’s group, Sweet Honey in the Rock, opened her to the power of singing music through oral tradition, without formal notation.
The researchers recruited 25 participants between the ages of 20 and 29, all of whom were Mandarin pop music listeners with no formal knowledge of the Korean language...WholeMusicVersion – included all instrumental and vocal components.
“After more than 15 years of working together, OMA has become an intuitive and formal adaptation to the current economy and labor of music – especially in more leftfield and abstract sounds.
The brief preview of the first-term mayor’s third State of the City address was provided by her office ahead of tonight’s formal speech at the MGMMusicHall at Fenway. Wu will deliver her speech at 7.30 p.m ... ....
The album didn’t drop at midnight ET as initially promised, a couple of the song titles were changed after its release, and the album cover reads I AmMusic though it’s formally titled Music.
Prior to the alleged incident, the officer was said to have tried to throw sweets down the military wife's cleavage during the formal dinner ... happened at a 'relatively formal' Battle of Britain dinner.
Usha Uthup, who lent her voice to Mohanlal’s Lucifer back in 2019 has now stepped in again for its sequel ... By ... L2 ... share ... Formally announcing her addition, the music composer for the movie Deepak Dev dropped a picture with Usha Uthup on his IG account ... .
"Our ministry plans to introduce a teaching program aimed at embracing residents, who are committed to education, to teach as volunteers," he revealed ...Related news ... Ministry to include traditional music in formal, informal education ... Editor.
Writing in The Times, Lord Harris said ... Advertisement ... It will stop us hiring the staff we need; we have a small number of specialist staff at our schools — for sport, music, dancing and science — who don’t have the formal qualified teacher badge ... UK ... ..
