- published: 25 Oct 2019
- views: 14408
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Cryosphere
The cryosphere (from the Greek κρύος kryos, "cold", "frost" or "ice" and σφαῖρα sphaira, "globe, ball") is those portions of Earth's surface where water is in solid form, including sea ice, lake ice, river ice, snow cover, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, and frozen ground (which includes permafrost). Thus, there is a wide overlap with the hydrosphere. The cryosphere is an integral part of the global climate system with important linkages and feedbacks generated through its influence on surface energy and moisture fluxes, clouds, precipitation, hydrology, atmospheric and oceanic circulation. Through these feedback processes, the cryosphere plays a significant role in the global climate and in climate model response to global changes. The term deglaciation describes the retreat of cryospheric features. Cryology is the study of cryospheres.
Structure
Frozen water is found on the Earth’s surface primarily as snow cover, freshwater ice in lakes and rivers, sea ice, glaciers, ice sheets, and frozen ground and permafrost (permanently frozen ground). The residence time of water in each of these cryospheric sub-systems varies widely. Snow cover and freshwater ice are essentially seasonal, and most sea ice, except for ice in the central Arctic, lasts only a few years if it is not seasonal. A given water particle in glaciers, ice sheets, or ground ice, however, may remain frozen for 10-100,000 years or longer, and deep ice in parts of East Antarctica may have an age approaching 1 million years.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Cryosphere
Podcasts:
-
What is the Cryosphere - More Science on the Learning Videos Channel
The cryosphere is an all-encompassing term for those portions of Earth's surface where water is in solid form, including sea ice, lake ice, river ice, snow cover, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, and frozen ground (which includes permafrost). Thus, there is a wide overlap with the hydrosphere. The cryosphere is an integral part of the global climate system with important linkages and feedbacks generated through its influence on surface energy and moisture fluxes, clouds, precipitation, hydrology, atmospheric and oceanic circulation. Through these feedback processes, the cryosphere plays a significant role in the global climate and in climate model response to global changes. The term deglaciation describes the retreat of cryospheric features. Cryology is the study of cryospheres. Frozen ...
published: 25 Oct 2019 -
CRYOSPHERE | HOW IT AFFECTS THE CLIMATE
Ice sheets, ice caps and glaciers, the floating sea ice of the polar regions, lake ice, snow on the ground, and permafrost, permanently frozen ground in northern latitudes, all make up the cryosphere. The Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets contain 99% of the freshwater ice on the planet. These ice sheets, glaciers and ice caps around the world are losing mass and are contributing to sea level rise, putting coastal regions and low-lying islands around the world at risk. #codescientia #newdiscoveries #CRYOSPHERE Subscribe: https://goo.gl/8SkHeC
published: 24 Nov 2020 -
NASA Explorers: Cryosphere - The Big Thaw
NASA Explorers is a new digital series that takes you inside the space agency and follows the pioneers, risk-takers and experts at the front line of exploration. Season 1, “Cryosphere,” joins NASA scientists on their journey to the frozen ends of the Earth as they study our rapidly changing world from satellites, planes and boots on the ground. The Cryosphere is a place we all depend on, but many of us will never go to. As temperatures rise, the frozen regions of Earth are changing rapidly. NASA scientists are locked in a race against time to understand our shifting climate and how it affects life on Earth.
published: 24 Oct 2018 -
NASA | A Short Tour of the Cryosphere
Want more? Subscribe to NASA on iTunes! http://phobos.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?id=283424434 The cryosphere consists of those parts of the Earth's surface where water is found in solid form, including areas of snow, sea ice, glaciers, permafrost, ice sheets, and icebergs. This animation portrays changes in the cryosphere through observations collected from a variety of NASA's satellite-based sensors. For more info: http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003300/a003355/index.html
published: 19 Jan 2007 -
Water and Ice | Crash Course Cryosphere #1
In this episode we take a look at how much water there is in the solar system and how water turns to ice. Lots more to come over the next 9 episodes! Check out the questionnaire linked below to test where your icy knowledge is before the series, we will run the test again at the end of the series to see if we have managed to transfer any knowledge! Do leave any questions you have in the comments below and we will do our best to answer them for the two hours after upload. Questionnaire: https://goo.gl/forms/FzJsYec55A3spN812 - References and sources: The following sources where used in the writing of this episode and their contribution is gratefully acknowledged: http://geology.com/articles/snowflakes/ http://www.cas.manchester.ac.uk/resactivities/cloudphysics/topics/formation/ http://...
published: 03 Apr 2017 -
CRYOSPHERE - Wolves and Kings (Official Video)
CRYOSPHERES's official music video for the single 'WOLVES & KINGS' taken from the EP 'Rebirth'. Filmed on Nivå beach and at Karlstrup Kalkgrav in Denmark. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- LYRICS ----------------------- I like the silence - seeing the world through dissonant eyes I seek solitude for my words to blossom But all I hear is a sound, a scream calling me out Through the dark constellations that make up my dreams I’ve managed to turn into a lesser man it seems A broken bird cries out before it sings when it’s trapped between the wolves & kings We storm in with our red painted faces while the world around us sets on fire Only ghosts escape our madness and so the world around us cries out:“LIARS!” My hubris told me I was someone to ...
published: 19 Jan 2019 -
CRYOSPHERE - I Am Become Death(Official Video)
New single "I AM BECOME DEATH" by melodic metal band CRYOSPHERE on Spotify, Apple Music, Deezer, Tidal and many more! Stream: https://orcd.co/presaveiambecomedeath ----------------- Become a Patron: https://www.patreon.com/cryosphere ----------------- Streaming & buying: Bandcamp: https://cryosphere.bandcamp.com/ Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/album/4StbuzXWs8XiYbMbYBUpcS?si=B_Z9RKifQJiqZ7Scp9gxKA Apple: https://music.apple.com/us/album/i-am-become-death-single/1494921096 ----------------- Follow & subscribe: YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/cryosphere Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/cryosphereband Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/cryosphereband Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/cryosphereband ----------------- CREDITS: This is a video written, directed and edited by CRYOSPHERE...
published: 13 Feb 2020 -
Recoup Fitness Cryosphere Cold Massage Ball Review
Recoup Fitness Cryosphere Cold Massage Ball Review ... •Can You Eat Poptarts and Still Get a Six Pack? •Does the FFMI Really Accurately Predict How Much Muscle You Can Put On? •Do Vitamin D Supplements Improve Strength Gains? •Do AMRAP sets do more harm than good? ► 💪 These questions (and tons more) are answered in this free 119 page issue of MASS Research Review: https://bit.ly/3mUw3jj ... Link to the product on Amazon (affiliate link): https://amzn.to/3atf7KY
published: 09 Jan 2020 -
Cryosphere in Crisis
Join Dr. Peter Carter, Paul Beckwith and Regina Valdez as they discuss the critical state of our cryosphere and its impact on our climate systems. What is the cryosphere comprised of and what are the effects of its changes on our climate? Highlights include Arctic and glacier ice melt, albedo reflectivity, sea-level rise, photosynthesis and food security. Our panel discussion also highlights the thawing of permafrost and the impact of the release of methane, which is an abundant greenhouse gas. Scientific Articles and Papers: - How Close are we to Temperature Tipping Point of the Terrestrial Biosphere. https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/7/3/eaay1052 - Earth Has Lost 28 Trillion Tons of Ice since the Mid-1990s. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/earth-has-lost-28-trillion-ton...
published: 27 Mar 2021
developed with YouTube
3:08
What is the Cryosphere - More Science on the Learning Videos Channel
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:08
- Uploaded Date: 25 Oct 2019
- views: 14408
The cryosphere is an all-encompassing term for those portions of Earth's surface where water is in solid form, including sea ice, lake ice, river ice, snow cove...
The cryosphere is an all-encompassing term for those portions of Earth's surface where water is in solid form, including sea ice, lake ice, river ice, snow cover, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, and frozen ground (which includes permafrost). Thus, there is a wide overlap with the hydrosphere.
The cryosphere is an integral part of the global climate system with important linkages and feedbacks generated through its influence on surface energy and moisture fluxes, clouds, precipitation, hydrology, atmospheric and oceanic circulation. Through these feedback processes, the cryosphere plays a significant role in the global climate and in climate model response to global changes. The term deglaciation describes the retreat of cryospheric features. Cryology is the study of cryospheres.
Frozen water is found on the Earth’s surface primarily as snow cover, freshwater ice in lakes and rivers, sea ice, glaciers, ice sheets, and frozen ground and permafrost (permanently frozen ground). The residence time of water in each of these cryospheric sub-systems varies widely. Snow cover and freshwater ice are essentially seasonal, and most sea ice, except for ice in the central Arctic, lasts only a few years if it is not seasonal. A given water particle in glaciers, ice sheets, or ground ice, however, may remain frozen for 10–100,000 years or longer, and deep ice in parts of East Antarctica may have an age approaching 1 million years.
Most of the world's ice volume is in Antarctica, principally in the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. In terms of areal extent, however, Northern Hemisphere winter snow and ice extent comprise the largest area, amounting to an average 23% of hemispheric surface area in January. The large areal extent and the important climatic roles of snow and ice, related to their unique physical properties, indicate that the ability to observe and model snow and ice-cover extent, thickness, and physical properties (radiative and thermal properties) is of particular significance for climate research.
There are several fundamental physical properties of snow and ice that modulate energy exchanges between the surface and the atmosphere. The most important properties are the surface reflectance (albedo), the ability to transfer heat (thermal diffusivity), and the ability to change state (latent heat). These physical properties, together with surface roughness, emissivity, and dielectric characteristics, have important implications for observing snow and ice from space. For example, surface roughness is often the dominant factor determining the strength of radar backscatter. Physical properties such as crystal structure, density, length, and liquid water content are important factors affecting the transfers of heat and water and the scattering of microwave energy.
The surface reflectance of incoming solar radiation is important for the surface energy balance (SEB). It is the ratio of reflected to incident solar radiation, commonly referred to as albedo. Climatologists are primarily interested in albedo integrated over the shortwave portion of the electromagnetic spectrum (~300 to 3500 nm), which coincides with the main solar energy input. Typically, albedo values for non-melting snow-covered surfaces are high (~80–90%) except in the case of forests. The higher albedos for snow and ice cause rapid shifts in surface reflectivity in autumn and spring in high latitudes, but the overall climatic significance of this increase is spatially and temporally modulated by cloud cover. (Planetary albedo is determined principally by cloud cover, and by the small amount of total solar radiation received in high latitudes during winter months.) Summer and autumn are times of high-average cloudiness over the Arctic Ocean so the albedo feedback associated with the large seasonal changes in sea-ice extent is greatly reduced. Groisman observed that snow cover exhibited the greatest influence on the Earth radiative balance in the spring (April to May) period when incoming solar radiation was greatest over snow-covered areas.
The thermal properties of cryospheric elements also have important climatic consequences. Snow and ice have much lower thermal diffusivities than air. Thermal diffusivity is a measure of the speed at which temperature waves can penetrate a substance. Snow and ice are many orders of magnitude less efficient at diffusing heat than air. Snow cover insulates the ground surface, and sea ice insulates the underlying ocean, decoupling the surface-atmosphere interface with respect to both heat and moisture fluxes. The flux of moisture from a water surface is eliminated by even a thin skin of ice, whereas the flux of heat through thin ice continues to be substantial until it attains a thickness in excess of 30 to 40 cm. However, even a small amount of snow on top of the ice will dramatically reduce the heat flux and slow down the rate of ice growth.
https://wn.com/What_Is_The_Cryosphere_More_Science_On_The_Learning_Videos_Channel
The cryosphere is an all-encompassing term for those portions of Earth's surface where water is in solid form, including sea ice, lake ice, river ice, snow cover, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, and frozen ground (which includes permafrost). Thus, there is a wide overlap with the hydrosphere.
The cryosphere is an integral part of the global climate system with important linkages and feedbacks generated through its influence on surface energy and moisture fluxes, clouds, precipitation, hydrology, atmospheric and oceanic circulation. Through these feedback processes, the cryosphere plays a significant role in the global climate and in climate model response to global changes. The term deglaciation describes the retreat of cryospheric features. Cryology is the study of cryospheres.
Frozen water is found on the Earth’s surface primarily as snow cover, freshwater ice in lakes and rivers, sea ice, glaciers, ice sheets, and frozen ground and permafrost (permanently frozen ground). The residence time of water in each of these cryospheric sub-systems varies widely. Snow cover and freshwater ice are essentially seasonal, and most sea ice, except for ice in the central Arctic, lasts only a few years if it is not seasonal. A given water particle in glaciers, ice sheets, or ground ice, however, may remain frozen for 10–100,000 years or longer, and deep ice in parts of East Antarctica may have an age approaching 1 million years.
Most of the world's ice volume is in Antarctica, principally in the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. In terms of areal extent, however, Northern Hemisphere winter snow and ice extent comprise the largest area, amounting to an average 23% of hemispheric surface area in January. The large areal extent and the important climatic roles of snow and ice, related to their unique physical properties, indicate that the ability to observe and model snow and ice-cover extent, thickness, and physical properties (radiative and thermal properties) is of particular significance for climate research.
There are several fundamental physical properties of snow and ice that modulate energy exchanges between the surface and the atmosphere. The most important properties are the surface reflectance (albedo), the ability to transfer heat (thermal diffusivity), and the ability to change state (latent heat). These physical properties, together with surface roughness, emissivity, and dielectric characteristics, have important implications for observing snow and ice from space. For example, surface roughness is often the dominant factor determining the strength of radar backscatter. Physical properties such as crystal structure, density, length, and liquid water content are important factors affecting the transfers of heat and water and the scattering of microwave energy.
The surface reflectance of incoming solar radiation is important for the surface energy balance (SEB). It is the ratio of reflected to incident solar radiation, commonly referred to as albedo. Climatologists are primarily interested in albedo integrated over the shortwave portion of the electromagnetic spectrum (~300 to 3500 nm), which coincides with the main solar energy input. Typically, albedo values for non-melting snow-covered surfaces are high (~80–90%) except in the case of forests. The higher albedos for snow and ice cause rapid shifts in surface reflectivity in autumn and spring in high latitudes, but the overall climatic significance of this increase is spatially and temporally modulated by cloud cover. (Planetary albedo is determined principally by cloud cover, and by the small amount of total solar radiation received in high latitudes during winter months.) Summer and autumn are times of high-average cloudiness over the Arctic Ocean so the albedo feedback associated with the large seasonal changes in sea-ice extent is greatly reduced. Groisman observed that snow cover exhibited the greatest influence on the Earth radiative balance in the spring (April to May) period when incoming solar radiation was greatest over snow-covered areas.
The thermal properties of cryospheric elements also have important climatic consequences. Snow and ice have much lower thermal diffusivities than air. Thermal diffusivity is a measure of the speed at which temperature waves can penetrate a substance. Snow and ice are many orders of magnitude less efficient at diffusing heat than air. Snow cover insulates the ground surface, and sea ice insulates the underlying ocean, decoupling the surface-atmosphere interface with respect to both heat and moisture fluxes. The flux of moisture from a water surface is eliminated by even a thin skin of ice, whereas the flux of heat through thin ice continues to be substantial until it attains a thickness in excess of 30 to 40 cm. However, even a small amount of snow on top of the ice will dramatically reduce the heat flux and slow down the rate of ice growth.
4:28
CRYOSPHERE | HOW IT AFFECTS THE CLIMATE
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:28
- Uploaded Date: 24 Nov 2020
- views: 5378
Ice sheets, ice caps and glaciers, the floating sea ice of the polar regions, lake ice, snow on the ground, and permafrost, permanently frozen ground in norther...
Ice sheets, ice caps and glaciers, the floating sea ice of the polar regions, lake ice, snow on the ground, and permafrost, permanently frozen ground in northern latitudes, all make up the cryosphere.
The Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets contain 99% of the freshwater ice on the planet. These ice sheets, glaciers and ice caps around the world are losing mass and are contributing to sea level rise, putting coastal regions and low-lying islands
around the world at risk.
#codescientia #newdiscoveries #CRYOSPHERE
Subscribe:
https://goo.gl/8SkHeC
https://wn.com/Cryosphere_|_How_It_Affects_The_Climate
Ice sheets, ice caps and glaciers, the floating sea ice of the polar regions, lake ice, snow on the ground, and permafrost, permanently frozen ground in northern latitudes, all make up the cryosphere.
The Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets contain 99% of the freshwater ice on the planet. These ice sheets, glaciers and ice caps around the world are losing mass and are contributing to sea level rise, putting coastal regions and low-lying islands
around the world at risk.
#codescientia #newdiscoveries #CRYOSPHERE
Subscribe:
https://goo.gl/8SkHeC
- published: 24 Nov 2020
- views: 5378
4:36
NASA Explorers: Cryosphere - The Big Thaw
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:36
- Uploaded Date: 24 Oct 2018
- views: 49604
NASA Explorers is a new digital series that takes you inside the space agency and follows the pioneers, risk-takers and experts at the front line of exploration...
NASA Explorers is a new digital series that takes you inside the space agency and follows the pioneers, risk-takers and experts at the front line of exploration. Season 1, “Cryosphere,” joins NASA scientists on their journey to the frozen ends of the Earth as they study our rapidly changing world from satellites, planes and boots on the ground. The Cryosphere is a place we all depend on, but many of us will never go to. As temperatures rise, the frozen regions of Earth are changing rapidly. NASA scientists are locked in a race against time to understand our shifting climate and how it affects life on Earth.
https://wn.com/Nasa_Explorers_Cryosphere_The_Big_Thaw
NASA Explorers is a new digital series that takes you inside the space agency and follows the pioneers, risk-takers and experts at the front line of exploration. Season 1, “Cryosphere,” joins NASA scientists on their journey to the frozen ends of the Earth as they study our rapidly changing world from satellites, planes and boots on the ground. The Cryosphere is a place we all depend on, but many of us will never go to. As temperatures rise, the frozen regions of Earth are changing rapidly. NASA scientists are locked in a race against time to understand our shifting climate and how it affects life on Earth.
- published: 24 Oct 2018
- views: 49604
4:59
NASA | A Short Tour of the Cryosphere
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:59
- Uploaded Date: 19 Jan 2007
- views: 71511
Want more? Subscribe to NASA on iTunes!
http://phobos.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?id=283424434
The cryosphere consists of those parts o...
Want more? Subscribe to NASA on iTunes!
http://phobos.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?id=283424434
The cryosphere consists of those parts of the Earth's surface where water is found in solid form, including areas of snow, sea ice, glaciers, permafrost, ice sheets, and icebergs. This animation portrays changes in the cryosphere through observations collected from a variety of NASA's satellite-based sensors.
For more info: http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003300/a003355/index.html
https://wn.com/Nasa_|_A_Short_Tour_Of_The_Cryosphere
Want more? Subscribe to NASA on iTunes!
http://phobos.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?id=283424434
The cryosphere consists of those parts of the Earth's surface where water is found in solid form, including areas of snow, sea ice, glaciers, permafrost, ice sheets, and icebergs. This animation portrays changes in the cryosphere through observations collected from a variety of NASA's satellite-based sensors.
For more info: http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003300/a003355/index.html
- published: 19 Jan 2007
- views: 71511
16:11
Water and Ice | Crash Course Cryosphere #1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 16:11
- Uploaded Date: 03 Apr 2017
- views: 28496
In this episode we take a look at how much water there is in the solar system and how water turns to ice. Lots more to come over the next 9 episodes!
Check out...
In this episode we take a look at how much water there is in the solar system and how water turns to ice. Lots more to come over the next 9 episodes!
Check out the questionnaire linked below to test where your icy knowledge is before the series, we will run the test again at the end of the series to see if we have managed to transfer any knowledge!
Do leave any questions you have in the comments below and we will do our best to answer them for the two hours after upload.
Questionnaire: https://goo.gl/forms/FzJsYec55A3spN812
- References and sources:
The following sources where used in the writing of this episode and their contribution is gratefully acknowledged:
http://geology.com/articles/snowflakes/
http://www.cas.manchester.ac.uk/resactivities/cloudphysics/topics/formation/
http://www.popularmechanics.com/space/a14555/water-worlds-in-our-solar-system/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraterrestrial_liquid_water
http://www.nasa.gov/jpl/the-solar-system-and-beyond-is-awash-in-water
http://www.iflscience.com/physics/origin-earths-water-discovered-0/
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/350/6262/795
- Further reading
The core text books for much of the material covered here and in the rest of the series are:
Benn, D. and Evans, D.J., 2014. Glaciers and glaciation. Routledge.
Paterson, W.S.B., 2016. The physics of glaciers. Elsevier.
Baffin Island Lava:
Hallis, L. J., Huss, G. R., Nagashima, K., Taylor, G. J., Halldórsson, S. A., Hilton, D. R., Mottl, M. J., and Meech, K. J. (2015) Evidence for Primordial Water in Earth's Deep Mantle, Science, v. 350, p. 795-797, doi: 10.1126/science.aac4834.
- Image credits
Unless otherwise noted on the image, all images used in this video are credited to Wikimedia Commons and are under the creative commons non-attribution licence.
The Scott Polar Research Institute & Museum retain all copyright to the logo, artefacts and buildings pictured. The British Antarctic Survey retains all copyright to the library footage used. All such images are used with permission for educational non-profit.
- Correction:
At 4:30 the graphic should read "Chemosynthetic pathway" instead of "Photosynthetic pathway"
- Disclaimer:
Whilst the information provided here is correct at the time of release to the best of our knowledge it is not guaranteed to be free from error. This video is an introduction to the topics covered and not a substitute for in-depth reading and teaching.
Please note: this is not an official Crash Course as it's not hosted on the official channel, nor are we claiming to be associated with the official Crash Course. We're using their format with a twist to educate you about science. Please don't sue us Hank, we're just trying to do some good.
---------- II ----------
Thanks to Vlogbrothers for their sponsorship of this video. Money from the Foundation to Decrease Worldsuck contributed to equipment used in this video.
ReCoVER is funded by the EPSRC under grant number EP/M008495/1
https://wn.com/Water_And_Ice_|_Crash_Course_Cryosphere_1
In this episode we take a look at how much water there is in the solar system and how water turns to ice. Lots more to come over the next 9 episodes!
Check out the questionnaire linked below to test where your icy knowledge is before the series, we will run the test again at the end of the series to see if we have managed to transfer any knowledge!
Do leave any questions you have in the comments below and we will do our best to answer them for the two hours after upload.
Questionnaire: https://goo.gl/forms/FzJsYec55A3spN812
- References and sources:
The following sources where used in the writing of this episode and their contribution is gratefully acknowledged:
http://geology.com/articles/snowflakes/
http://www.cas.manchester.ac.uk/resactivities/cloudphysics/topics/formation/
http://www.popularmechanics.com/space/a14555/water-worlds-in-our-solar-system/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraterrestrial_liquid_water
http://www.nasa.gov/jpl/the-solar-system-and-beyond-is-awash-in-water
http://www.iflscience.com/physics/origin-earths-water-discovered-0/
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/350/6262/795
- Further reading
The core text books for much of the material covered here and in the rest of the series are:
Benn, D. and Evans, D.J., 2014. Glaciers and glaciation. Routledge.
Paterson, W.S.B., 2016. The physics of glaciers. Elsevier.
Baffin Island Lava:
Hallis, L. J., Huss, G. R., Nagashima, K., Taylor, G. J., Halldórsson, S. A., Hilton, D. R., Mottl, M. J., and Meech, K. J. (2015) Evidence for Primordial Water in Earth's Deep Mantle, Science, v. 350, p. 795-797, doi: 10.1126/science.aac4834.
- Image credits
Unless otherwise noted on the image, all images used in this video are credited to Wikimedia Commons and are under the creative commons non-attribution licence.
The Scott Polar Research Institute & Museum retain all copyright to the logo, artefacts and buildings pictured. The British Antarctic Survey retains all copyright to the library footage used. All such images are used with permission for educational non-profit.
- Correction:
At 4:30 the graphic should read "Chemosynthetic pathway" instead of "Photosynthetic pathway"
- Disclaimer:
Whilst the information provided here is correct at the time of release to the best of our knowledge it is not guaranteed to be free from error. This video is an introduction to the topics covered and not a substitute for in-depth reading and teaching.
Please note: this is not an official Crash Course as it's not hosted on the official channel, nor are we claiming to be associated with the official Crash Course. We're using their format with a twist to educate you about science. Please don't sue us Hank, we're just trying to do some good.
---------- II ----------
Thanks to Vlogbrothers for their sponsorship of this video. Money from the Foundation to Decrease Worldsuck contributed to equipment used in this video.
ReCoVER is funded by the EPSRC under grant number EP/M008495/1
- published: 03 Apr 2017
- views: 28496
6:14
CRYOSPHERE - Wolves and Kings (Official Video)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:14
- Uploaded Date: 19 Jan 2019
- views: 15435
CRYOSPHERES's official music video for the single 'WOLVES & KINGS' taken from the EP 'Rebirth'.
Filmed on Nivå beach and at Karlstrup Kalkgrav in Denmark.
----...
CRYOSPHERES's official music video for the single 'WOLVES & KINGS' taken from the EP 'Rebirth'.
Filmed on Nivå beach and at Karlstrup Kalkgrav in Denmark.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
LYRICS
-----------------------
I like the silence - seeing the world through dissonant eyes
I seek solitude for my words to blossom
But all I hear is a sound, a scream calling me out
Through the dark constellations that make up my dreams
I’ve managed to turn into a lesser man it seems
A broken bird cries out before it sings
when it’s trapped between the wolves & kings
We storm in with our red painted faces
while the world around us sets on fire
Only ghosts escape our madness
and so the world around us cries out:“LIARS!”
My hubris told me I was someone to be prized
Instead I became what I despised
The stars above me are staring down
on the tiniest man with the biggest crown
Am I the only one
who lives to see the end?
Is this worth my time? Can I free your mind?
I’ll find my way out of nothingness
and I will swallow my pride
before you turn into stone
before my eyes!
Voices long forgotten inside of my head,
the blood on my hands, the blood on your tongue, a whisper x3
in my ear
---------------------------------------
📌 SHARING IS CARING 📌
---------------------------------------
If you want to upload this video to your own channel,
send an email to " cryosphereofficialmail (at) gmail(dot)com "
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GET THE 'CONSTELLATIONS' EP 💸
-----------------
🔊 DIGIPAK ➛ https://gumroad.com/cryosphere#sWNus
🔊 DIGITAL ➛ https://gumroad.com/cryosphere#XkLYO
🔊 Bandcamp ➛ https://cutt.ly/6tMnwS9
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STREAM 🎵
-----------------
🎧 Spotify ➛ https://cutt.ly/AtMbC6z
🎧 Deezer ➛ https://cutt.ly/ftMb0Sg
🎧 Bandcamp ➛ https://cutt.ly/6tMnwS9
🎧 Amazon ➛ https://cutt.ly/ktMnpzR
🎧 YouTube ➛ https://cutt.ly/ftMkJfr
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SƠƇ!ΛԼS📸
-----------------
📱 YouTube ➛ https://cutt.ly/ftMkJfr
📱 Facebook ➛ https://cutt.ly/GtMzk97
📱 Instagram ➛ https://cutt.ly/FtMkB2Z
📱 Twitter ➛ https://cutt.ly/btMkCct
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ƇƠƝƬΛƇƬ ☎️
-----------------
💻 Website ➛ https://cutt.ly/ztMzvoy
💬 Email ➛ cryosphereofficialmail (at) gmail (dot) com
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CREDITS ⚙️
-----------------
Video by NORDIC EVENT MEDIA
Lyrics & Music by CRYOSPHERE
Mix & Master by Jacob Hansen
-----------------
💪 #CRYOSPHERE #Wolves&Kings #MelodicMetal
https://wn.com/Cryosphere_Wolves_And_Kings_(Official_Video)
CRYOSPHERES's official music video for the single 'WOLVES & KINGS' taken from the EP 'Rebirth'.
Filmed on Nivå beach and at Karlstrup Kalkgrav in Denmark.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
LYRICS
-----------------------
I like the silence - seeing the world through dissonant eyes
I seek solitude for my words to blossom
But all I hear is a sound, a scream calling me out
Through the dark constellations that make up my dreams
I’ve managed to turn into a lesser man it seems
A broken bird cries out before it sings
when it’s trapped between the wolves & kings
We storm in with our red painted faces
while the world around us sets on fire
Only ghosts escape our madness
and so the world around us cries out:“LIARS!”
My hubris told me I was someone to be prized
Instead I became what I despised
The stars above me are staring down
on the tiniest man with the biggest crown
Am I the only one
who lives to see the end?
Is this worth my time? Can I free your mind?
I’ll find my way out of nothingness
and I will swallow my pride
before you turn into stone
before my eyes!
Voices long forgotten inside of my head,
the blood on my hands, the blood on your tongue, a whisper x3
in my ear
---------------------------------------
📌 SHARING IS CARING 📌
---------------------------------------
If you want to upload this video to your own channel,
send an email to " cryosphereofficialmail (at) gmail(dot)com "
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GET THE 'CONSTELLATIONS' EP 💸
-----------------
🔊 DIGIPAK ➛ https://gumroad.com/cryosphere#sWNus
🔊 DIGITAL ➛ https://gumroad.com/cryosphere#XkLYO
🔊 Bandcamp ➛ https://cutt.ly/6tMnwS9
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
STREAM 🎵
-----------------
🎧 Spotify ➛ https://cutt.ly/AtMbC6z
🎧 Deezer ➛ https://cutt.ly/ftMb0Sg
🎧 Bandcamp ➛ https://cutt.ly/6tMnwS9
🎧 Amazon ➛ https://cutt.ly/ktMnpzR
🎧 YouTube ➛ https://cutt.ly/ftMkJfr
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SƠƇ!ΛԼS📸
-----------------
📱 YouTube ➛ https://cutt.ly/ftMkJfr
📱 Facebook ➛ https://cutt.ly/GtMzk97
📱 Instagram ➛ https://cutt.ly/FtMkB2Z
📱 Twitter ➛ https://cutt.ly/btMkCct
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ƇƠƝƬΛƇƬ ☎️
-----------------
💻 Website ➛ https://cutt.ly/ztMzvoy
💬 Email ➛ cryosphereofficialmail (at) gmail (dot) com
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CREDITS ⚙️
-----------------
Video by NORDIC EVENT MEDIA
Lyrics & Music by CRYOSPHERE
Mix & Master by Jacob Hansen
-----------------
💪 #CRYOSPHERE #Wolves&Kings #MelodicMetal
- published: 19 Jan 2019
- views: 15435
4:52
CRYOSPHERE - I Am Become Death(Official Video)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:52
- Uploaded Date: 13 Feb 2020
- views: 2420
New single "I AM BECOME DEATH" by melodic metal band CRYOSPHERE
on Spotify, Apple Music, Deezer, Tidal and many more!
Stream: https://orcd.co/presaveiambecome...
New single "I AM BECOME DEATH" by melodic metal band CRYOSPHERE
on Spotify, Apple Music, Deezer, Tidal and many more!
Stream: https://orcd.co/presaveiambecomedeath
-----------------
Become a Patron:
https://www.patreon.com/cryosphere
-----------------
Streaming & buying:
Bandcamp: https://cryosphere.bandcamp.com/
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/album/4StbuzXWs8XiYbMbYBUpcS?si=B_Z9RKifQJiqZ7Scp9gxKA
Apple: https://music.apple.com/us/album/i-am-become-death-single/1494921096
-----------------
Follow & subscribe:
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/cryosphere
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/cryosphereband
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/cryosphereband
Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/cryosphereband
-----------------
CREDITS:
This is a video written, directed and edited by CRYOSPHERE
Camera: Mark Stoumann
Makeup: Vibe Rasmussen
Thank you Mark & Vibe for being such bosses as always.
-----------------
Thank you to KODA for supporting us and making this video possible.
Special thanks to Schnittmuskel & Fantasmagoria for providing clothes and accessories for us!
If you want to support or endorse us please contact us directly on
cryosphereofficialmail (at) gmail.com
-----------------
LYRICS:
I hear the balance between genius and insanity is pretty vague.
I'll end up with my head in a bucket in my search of selfsustain.
Can I find my way through labrintine lies?
Is this ticking clock a new beginning?
I come with hate. I come with sorrow to negate your knives
I am the accident life within your hive
I come with pain. I come with violence to negate your lies
I am all that I am to keep myself alive
No matter how much I drink, I don't feel anything other than pain.
(The hole in my heart grows bigger every day - my demons are feeding on it)
The screaming in my head is too loud for me to hear.
I'm too far to stop up and listen.
I am become death, destroyer of worlds
#dualfronted #melodicmetal
https://wn.com/Cryosphere_I_Am_Become_Death(Official_Video)
New single "I AM BECOME DEATH" by melodic metal band CRYOSPHERE
on Spotify, Apple Music, Deezer, Tidal and many more!
Stream: https://orcd.co/presaveiambecomedeath
-----------------
Become a Patron:
https://www.patreon.com/cryosphere
-----------------
Streaming & buying:
Bandcamp: https://cryosphere.bandcamp.com/
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/album/4StbuzXWs8XiYbMbYBUpcS?si=B_Z9RKifQJiqZ7Scp9gxKA
Apple: https://music.apple.com/us/album/i-am-become-death-single/1494921096
-----------------
Follow & subscribe:
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/cryosphere
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/cryosphereband
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/cryosphereband
Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/cryosphereband
-----------------
CREDITS:
This is a video written, directed and edited by CRYOSPHERE
Camera: Mark Stoumann
Makeup: Vibe Rasmussen
Thank you Mark & Vibe for being such bosses as always.
-----------------
Thank you to KODA for supporting us and making this video possible.
Special thanks to Schnittmuskel & Fantasmagoria for providing clothes and accessories for us!
If you want to support or endorse us please contact us directly on
cryosphereofficialmail (at) gmail.com
-----------------
LYRICS:
I hear the balance between genius and insanity is pretty vague.
I'll end up with my head in a bucket in my search of selfsustain.
Can I find my way through labrintine lies?
Is this ticking clock a new beginning?
I come with hate. I come with sorrow to negate your knives
I am the accident life within your hive
I come with pain. I come with violence to negate your lies
I am all that I am to keep myself alive
No matter how much I drink, I don't feel anything other than pain.
(The hole in my heart grows bigger every day - my demons are feeding on it)
The screaming in my head is too loud for me to hear.
I'm too far to stop up and listen.
I am become death, destroyer of worlds
#dualfronted #melodicmetal
- published: 13 Feb 2020
- views: 2420
8:46
Recoup Fitness Cryosphere Cold Massage Ball Review
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:46
- Uploaded Date: 09 Jan 2020
- views: 3107
Recoup Fitness Cryosphere Cold Massage Ball Review
...
•Can You Eat Poptarts and Still Get a Six Pack?
•Does the FFMI Really Accurately Predict How Much Muscle ...
Recoup Fitness Cryosphere Cold Massage Ball Review
...
•Can You Eat Poptarts and Still Get a Six Pack?
•Does the FFMI Really Accurately Predict How Much Muscle You Can Put On?
•Do Vitamin D Supplements Improve Strength Gains?
•Do AMRAP sets do more harm than good?
► 💪 These questions (and tons more) are answered in this free 119 page issue of MASS Research Review: https://bit.ly/3mUw3jj
...
Link to the product on Amazon (affiliate link): https://amzn.to/3atf7KY
https://wn.com/Recoup_Fitness_Cryosphere_Cold_Massage_Ball_Review
Recoup Fitness Cryosphere Cold Massage Ball Review
...
•Can You Eat Poptarts and Still Get a Six Pack?
•Does the FFMI Really Accurately Predict How Much Muscle You Can Put On?
•Do Vitamin D Supplements Improve Strength Gains?
•Do AMRAP sets do more harm than good?
► 💪 These questions (and tons more) are answered in this free 119 page issue of MASS Research Review: https://bit.ly/3mUw3jj
...
Link to the product on Amazon (affiliate link): https://amzn.to/3atf7KY
- published: 09 Jan 2020
- views: 3107
27:30
Cryosphere in Crisis
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 27:30
- Uploaded Date: 27 Mar 2021
- views: 1020
Join Dr. Peter Carter, Paul Beckwith and Regina Valdez as they discuss the critical state of our cryosphere and its impact on our climate systems. What is the ...
Join Dr. Peter Carter, Paul Beckwith and Regina Valdez as they discuss the critical state of our cryosphere and its impact on our climate systems. What is the cryosphere comprised of and what are the effects of its changes on our climate? Highlights include Arctic and glacier ice melt, albedo reflectivity, sea-level rise, photosynthesis and food security. Our panel discussion also highlights the thawing of permafrost and the impact of the release of methane, which is an abundant greenhouse gas.
Scientific Articles and Papers:
- How Close are we to Temperature Tipping Point of the Terrestrial Biosphere. https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/7/3/eaay1052
- Earth Has Lost 28 Trillion Tons of Ice since the Mid-1990s. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/earth-has-lost-28-trillion-tons-of-ice-since-the-mid-1990s/
Panelists:
Dr. Peter Carter - MD, Expert IPCC Reviewer and the director of the Climate Emergency Institute
Paul Beckwith - Climate Systems Scientist. Professor at the University of Ottawa's Paleoclimatology Laboratory as well as Carleton University
Regina Valdez - Program Director, Climate Reality Project, NYC. GreenFaith Fellow and LEED Green Associate
Video Production:
Charles Gregoire - Electrical Engineer (BSc Electrical Engineering), Webmaster and IT prime for FacingFuture.Earth
Heidi Brault – BA (Psychology), Metadata Technician, video production and website assistant, organizer and convener, COP team lead for FacingFuture.Earth and the Climate Emergency Forum.
Attributions:
- Background Music: Through the City II by Crowander
https://wn.com/Cryosphere_In_Crisis
Join Dr. Peter Carter, Paul Beckwith and Regina Valdez as they discuss the critical state of our cryosphere and its impact on our climate systems. What is the cryosphere comprised of and what are the effects of its changes on our climate? Highlights include Arctic and glacier ice melt, albedo reflectivity, sea-level rise, photosynthesis and food security. Our panel discussion also highlights the thawing of permafrost and the impact of the release of methane, which is an abundant greenhouse gas.
Scientific Articles and Papers:
- How Close are we to Temperature Tipping Point of the Terrestrial Biosphere. https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/7/3/eaay1052
- Earth Has Lost 28 Trillion Tons of Ice since the Mid-1990s. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/earth-has-lost-28-trillion-tons-of-ice-since-the-mid-1990s/
Panelists:
Dr. Peter Carter - MD, Expert IPCC Reviewer and the director of the Climate Emergency Institute
Paul Beckwith - Climate Systems Scientist. Professor at the University of Ottawa's Paleoclimatology Laboratory as well as Carleton University
Regina Valdez - Program Director, Climate Reality Project, NYC. GreenFaith Fellow and LEED Green Associate
Video Production:
Charles Gregoire - Electrical Engineer (BSc Electrical Engineering), Webmaster and IT prime for FacingFuture.Earth
Heidi Brault – BA (Psychology), Metadata Technician, video production and website assistant, organizer and convener, COP team lead for FacingFuture.Earth and the Climate Emergency Forum.
Attributions:
- Background Music: Through the City II by Crowander
- published: 27 Mar 2021
- views: 1020
3:08
What is the Cryosphere - More Science on the Learning Videos Channel
The cryosphere is an all-encompassing term for those portions of Earth's surface where wat...
published: 25 Oct 2019
What is the Cryosphere - More Science on the Learning Videos Channel
What is the Cryosphere - More Science on the Learning Videos Channel
- Report rights infringement
- published: 25 Oct 2019
- views: 14408
The cryosphere is an all-encompassing term for those portions of Earth's surface where water is in solid form, including sea ice, lake ice, river ice, snow cover, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, and frozen ground (which includes permafrost). Thus, there is a wide overlap with the hydrosphere.
The cryosphere is an integral part of the global climate system with important linkages and feedbacks generated through its influence on surface energy and moisture fluxes, clouds, precipitation, hydrology, atmospheric and oceanic circulation. Through these feedback processes, the cryosphere plays a significant role in the global climate and in climate model response to global changes. The term deglaciation describes the retreat of cryospheric features. Cryology is the study of cryospheres.
Frozen water is found on the Earth’s surface primarily as snow cover, freshwater ice in lakes and rivers, sea ice, glaciers, ice sheets, and frozen ground and permafrost (permanently frozen ground). The residence time of water in each of these cryospheric sub-systems varies widely. Snow cover and freshwater ice are essentially seasonal, and most sea ice, except for ice in the central Arctic, lasts only a few years if it is not seasonal. A given water particle in glaciers, ice sheets, or ground ice, however, may remain frozen for 10–100,000 years or longer, and deep ice in parts of East Antarctica may have an age approaching 1 million years.
Most of the world's ice volume is in Antarctica, principally in the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. In terms of areal extent, however, Northern Hemisphere winter snow and ice extent comprise the largest area, amounting to an average 23% of hemispheric surface area in January. The large areal extent and the important climatic roles of snow and ice, related to their unique physical properties, indicate that the ability to observe and model snow and ice-cover extent, thickness, and physical properties (radiative and thermal properties) is of particular significance for climate research.
There are several fundamental physical properties of snow and ice that modulate energy exchanges between the surface and the atmosphere. The most important properties are the surface reflectance (albedo), the ability to transfer heat (thermal diffusivity), and the ability to change state (latent heat). These physical properties, together with surface roughness, emissivity, and dielectric characteristics, have important implications for observing snow and ice from space. For example, surface roughness is often the dominant factor determining the strength of radar backscatter. Physical properties such as crystal structure, density, length, and liquid water content are important factors affecting the transfers of heat and water and the scattering of microwave energy.
The surface reflectance of incoming solar radiation is important for the surface energy balance (SEB). It is the ratio of reflected to incident solar radiation, commonly referred to as albedo. Climatologists are primarily interested in albedo integrated over the shortwave portion of the electromagnetic spectrum (~300 to 3500 nm), which coincides with the main solar energy input. Typically, albedo values for non-melting snow-covered surfaces are high (~80–90%) except in the case of forests. The higher albedos for snow and ice cause rapid shifts in surface reflectivity in autumn and spring in high latitudes, but the overall climatic significance of this increase is spatially and temporally modulated by cloud cover. (Planetary albedo is determined principally by cloud cover, and by the small amount of total solar radiation received in high latitudes during winter months.) Summer and autumn are times of high-average cloudiness over the Arctic Ocean so the albedo feedback associated with the large seasonal changes in sea-ice extent is greatly reduced. Groisman observed that snow cover exhibited the greatest influence on the Earth radiative balance in the spring (April to May) period when incoming solar radiation was greatest over snow-covered areas.
The thermal properties of cryospheric elements also have important climatic consequences. Snow and ice have much lower thermal diffusivities than air. Thermal diffusivity is a measure of the speed at which temperature waves can penetrate a substance. Snow and ice are many orders of magnitude less efficient at diffusing heat than air. Snow cover insulates the ground surface, and sea ice insulates the underlying ocean, decoupling the surface-atmosphere interface with respect to both heat and moisture fluxes. The flux of moisture from a water surface is eliminated by even a thin skin of ice, whereas the flux of heat through thin ice continues to be substantial until it attains a thickness in excess of 30 to 40 cm. However, even a small amount of snow on top of the ice will dramatically reduce the heat flux and slow down the rate of ice growth.
4:28
CRYOSPHERE | HOW IT AFFECTS THE CLIMATE
Ice sheets, ice caps and glaciers, the floating sea ice of the polar regions, lake ice, sn...
published: 24 Nov 2020
CRYOSPHERE | HOW IT AFFECTS THE CLIMATE
CRYOSPHERE | HOW IT AFFECTS THE CLIMATE
- Report rights infringement
- published: 24 Nov 2020
- views: 5378
Ice sheets, ice caps and glaciers, the floating sea ice of the polar regions, lake ice, snow on the ground, and permafrost, permanently frozen ground in northern latitudes, all make up the cryosphere.
The Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets contain 99% of the freshwater ice on the planet. These ice sheets, glaciers and ice caps around the world are losing mass and are contributing to sea level rise, putting coastal regions and low-lying islands
around the world at risk.
#codescientia #newdiscoveries #CRYOSPHERE
Subscribe:
https://goo.gl/8SkHeC
4:36
NASA Explorers: Cryosphere - The Big Thaw
NASA Explorers is a new digital series that takes you inside the space agency and follows ...
published: 24 Oct 2018
NASA Explorers: Cryosphere - The Big Thaw
NASA Explorers: Cryosphere - The Big Thaw
- Report rights infringement
- published: 24 Oct 2018
- views: 49604
NASA Explorers is a new digital series that takes you inside the space agency and follows the pioneers, risk-takers and experts at the front line of exploration. Season 1, “Cryosphere,” joins NASA scientists on their journey to the frozen ends of the Earth as they study our rapidly changing world from satellites, planes and boots on the ground. The Cryosphere is a place we all depend on, but many of us will never go to. As temperatures rise, the frozen regions of Earth are changing rapidly. NASA scientists are locked in a race against time to understand our shifting climate and how it affects life on Earth.
4:59
NASA | A Short Tour of the Cryosphere
Want more? Subscribe to NASA on iTunes!
http://phobos.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/w...
published: 19 Jan 2007
NASA | A Short Tour of the Cryosphere
NASA | A Short Tour of the Cryosphere
- Report rights infringement
- published: 19 Jan 2007
- views: 71511
Want more? Subscribe to NASA on iTunes!
http://phobos.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?id=283424434
The cryosphere consists of those parts of the Earth's surface where water is found in solid form, including areas of snow, sea ice, glaciers, permafrost, ice sheets, and icebergs. This animation portrays changes in the cryosphere through observations collected from a variety of NASA's satellite-based sensors.
For more info: http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003300/a003355/index.html
16:11
Water and Ice | Crash Course Cryosphere #1
In this episode we take a look at how much water there is in the solar system and how wate...
published: 03 Apr 2017
Water and Ice | Crash Course Cryosphere #1
Water and Ice | Crash Course Cryosphere #1
- Report rights infringement
- published: 03 Apr 2017
- views: 28496
In this episode we take a look at how much water there is in the solar system and how water turns to ice. Lots more to come over the next 9 episodes!
Check out the questionnaire linked below to test where your icy knowledge is before the series, we will run the test again at the end of the series to see if we have managed to transfer any knowledge!
Do leave any questions you have in the comments below and we will do our best to answer them for the two hours after upload.
Questionnaire: https://goo.gl/forms/FzJsYec55A3spN812
- References and sources:
The following sources where used in the writing of this episode and their contribution is gratefully acknowledged:
http://geology.com/articles/snowflakes/
http://www.cas.manchester.ac.uk/resactivities/cloudphysics/topics/formation/
http://www.popularmechanics.com/space/a14555/water-worlds-in-our-solar-system/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraterrestrial_liquid_water
http://www.nasa.gov/jpl/the-solar-system-and-beyond-is-awash-in-water
http://www.iflscience.com/physics/origin-earths-water-discovered-0/
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/350/6262/795
- Further reading
The core text books for much of the material covered here and in the rest of the series are:
Benn, D. and Evans, D.J., 2014. Glaciers and glaciation. Routledge.
Paterson, W.S.B., 2016. The physics of glaciers. Elsevier.
Baffin Island Lava:
Hallis, L. J., Huss, G. R., Nagashima, K., Taylor, G. J., Halldórsson, S. A., Hilton, D. R., Mottl, M. J., and Meech, K. J. (2015) Evidence for Primordial Water in Earth's Deep Mantle, Science, v. 350, p. 795-797, doi: 10.1126/science.aac4834.
- Image credits
Unless otherwise noted on the image, all images used in this video are credited to Wikimedia Commons and are under the creative commons non-attribution licence.
The Scott Polar Research Institute & Museum retain all copyright to the logo, artefacts and buildings pictured. The British Antarctic Survey retains all copyright to the library footage used. All such images are used with permission for educational non-profit.
- Correction:
At 4:30 the graphic should read "Chemosynthetic pathway" instead of "Photosynthetic pathway"
- Disclaimer:
Whilst the information provided here is correct at the time of release to the best of our knowledge it is not guaranteed to be free from error. This video is an introduction to the topics covered and not a substitute for in-depth reading and teaching.
Please note: this is not an official Crash Course as it's not hosted on the official channel, nor are we claiming to be associated with the official Crash Course. We're using their format with a twist to educate you about science. Please don't sue us Hank, we're just trying to do some good.
---------- II ----------
Thanks to Vlogbrothers for their sponsorship of this video. Money from the Foundation to Decrease Worldsuck contributed to equipment used in this video.
ReCoVER is funded by the EPSRC under grant number EP/M008495/1
6:14
CRYOSPHERE - Wolves and Kings (Official Video)
CRYOSPHERES's official music video for the single 'WOLVES & KINGS' taken from the EP 'Rebi...
published: 19 Jan 2019
CRYOSPHERE - Wolves and Kings (Official Video)
CRYOSPHERE - Wolves and Kings (Official Video)
- Report rights infringement
- published: 19 Jan 2019
- views: 15435
CRYOSPHERES's official music video for the single 'WOLVES & KINGS' taken from the EP 'Rebirth'.
Filmed on Nivå beach and at Karlstrup Kalkgrav in Denmark.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
LYRICS
-----------------------
I like the silence - seeing the world through dissonant eyes
I seek solitude for my words to blossom
But all I hear is a sound, a scream calling me out
Through the dark constellations that make up my dreams
I’ve managed to turn into a lesser man it seems
A broken bird cries out before it sings
when it’s trapped between the wolves & kings
We storm in with our red painted faces
while the world around us sets on fire
Only ghosts escape our madness
and so the world around us cries out:“LIARS!”
My hubris told me I was someone to be prized
Instead I became what I despised
The stars above me are staring down
on the tiniest man with the biggest crown
Am I the only one
who lives to see the end?
Is this worth my time? Can I free your mind?
I’ll find my way out of nothingness
and I will swallow my pride
before you turn into stone
before my eyes!
Voices long forgotten inside of my head,
the blood on my hands, the blood on your tongue, a whisper x3
in my ear
---------------------------------------
📌 SHARING IS CARING 📌
---------------------------------------
If you want to upload this video to your own channel,
send an email to " cryosphereofficialmail (at) gmail(dot)com "
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GET THE 'CONSTELLATIONS' EP 💸
-----------------
🔊 DIGIPAK ➛ https://gumroad.com/cryosphere#sWNus
🔊 DIGITAL ➛ https://gumroad.com/cryosphere#XkLYO
🔊 Bandcamp ➛ https://cutt.ly/6tMnwS9
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
STREAM 🎵
-----------------
🎧 Spotify ➛ https://cutt.ly/AtMbC6z
🎧 Deezer ➛ https://cutt.ly/ftMb0Sg
🎧 Bandcamp ➛ https://cutt.ly/6tMnwS9
🎧 Amazon ➛ https://cutt.ly/ktMnpzR
🎧 YouTube ➛ https://cutt.ly/ftMkJfr
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SƠƇ!ΛԼS📸
-----------------
📱 YouTube ➛ https://cutt.ly/ftMkJfr
📱 Facebook ➛ https://cutt.ly/GtMzk97
📱 Instagram ➛ https://cutt.ly/FtMkB2Z
📱 Twitter ➛ https://cutt.ly/btMkCct
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ƇƠƝƬΛƇƬ ☎️
-----------------
💻 Website ➛ https://cutt.ly/ztMzvoy
💬 Email ➛ cryosphereofficialmail (at) gmail (dot) com
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CREDITS ⚙️
-----------------
Video by NORDIC EVENT MEDIA
Lyrics & Music by CRYOSPHERE
Mix & Master by Jacob Hansen
-----------------
💪 #CRYOSPHERE #Wolves&Kings #MelodicMetal
4:52
CRYOSPHERE - I Am Become Death(Official Video)
New single "I AM BECOME DEATH" by melodic metal band CRYOSPHERE
on Spotify, Apple Music, ...
published: 13 Feb 2020
CRYOSPHERE - I Am Become Death(Official Video)
CRYOSPHERE - I Am Become Death(Official Video)
- Report rights infringement
- published: 13 Feb 2020
- views: 2420
New single "I AM BECOME DEATH" by melodic metal band CRYOSPHERE
on Spotify, Apple Music, Deezer, Tidal and many more!
Stream: https://orcd.co/presaveiambecomedeath
-----------------
Become a Patron:
https://www.patreon.com/cryosphere
-----------------
Streaming & buying:
Bandcamp: https://cryosphere.bandcamp.com/
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/album/4StbuzXWs8XiYbMbYBUpcS?si=B_Z9RKifQJiqZ7Scp9gxKA
Apple: https://music.apple.com/us/album/i-am-become-death-single/1494921096
-----------------
Follow & subscribe:
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/cryosphere
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/cryosphereband
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/cryosphereband
Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/cryosphereband
-----------------
CREDITS:
This is a video written, directed and edited by CRYOSPHERE
Camera: Mark Stoumann
Makeup: Vibe Rasmussen
Thank you Mark & Vibe for being such bosses as always.
-----------------
Thank you to KODA for supporting us and making this video possible.
Special thanks to Schnittmuskel & Fantasmagoria for providing clothes and accessories for us!
If you want to support or endorse us please contact us directly on
cryosphereofficialmail (at) gmail.com
-----------------
LYRICS:
I hear the balance between genius and insanity is pretty vague.
I'll end up with my head in a bucket in my search of selfsustain.
Can I find my way through labrintine lies?
Is this ticking clock a new beginning?
I come with hate. I come with sorrow to negate your knives
I am the accident life within your hive
I come with pain. I come with violence to negate your lies
I am all that I am to keep myself alive
No matter how much I drink, I don't feel anything other than pain.
(The hole in my heart grows bigger every day - my demons are feeding on it)
The screaming in my head is too loud for me to hear.
I'm too far to stop up and listen.
I am become death, destroyer of worlds
#dualfronted #melodicmetal
8:46
Recoup Fitness Cryosphere Cold Massage Ball Review
Recoup Fitness Cryosphere Cold Massage Ball Review
...
•Can You Eat Poptarts and Still Get...
published: 09 Jan 2020
Recoup Fitness Cryosphere Cold Massage Ball Review
Recoup Fitness Cryosphere Cold Massage Ball Review
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- published: 09 Jan 2020
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Recoup Fitness Cryosphere Cold Massage Ball Review
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Cryosphere in Crisis
Join Dr. Peter Carter, Paul Beckwith and Regina Valdez as they discuss the critical state ...
published: 27 Mar 2021
Cryosphere in Crisis
Cryosphere in Crisis
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- published: 27 Mar 2021
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Join Dr. Peter Carter, Paul Beckwith and Regina Valdez as they discuss the critical state of our cryosphere and its impact on our climate systems. What is the cryosphere comprised of and what are the effects of its changes on our climate? Highlights include Arctic and glacier ice melt, albedo reflectivity, sea-level rise, photosynthesis and food security. Our panel discussion also highlights the thawing of permafrost and the impact of the release of methane, which is an abundant greenhouse gas.
Scientific Articles and Papers:
- How Close are we to Temperature Tipping Point of the Terrestrial Biosphere. https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/7/3/eaay1052
- Earth Has Lost 28 Trillion Tons of Ice since the Mid-1990s. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/earth-has-lost-28-trillion-tons-of-ice-since-the-mid-1990s/
Panelists:
Dr. Peter Carter - MD, Expert IPCC Reviewer and the director of the Climate Emergency Institute
Paul Beckwith - Climate Systems Scientist. Professor at the University of Ottawa's Paleoclimatology Laboratory as well as Carleton University
Regina Valdez - Program Director, Climate Reality Project, NYC. GreenFaith Fellow and LEED Green Associate
Video Production:
Charles Gregoire - Electrical Engineer (BSc Electrical Engineering), Webmaster and IT prime for FacingFuture.Earth
Heidi Brault – BA (Psychology), Metadata Technician, video production and website assistant, organizer and convener, COP team lead for FacingFuture.Earth and the Climate Emergency Forum.
Attributions:
- Background Music: Through the City II by Crowander
Cryosphere
The cryosphere (from the Greek κρύος kryos, "cold", "frost" or "ice" and σφαῖρα sphaira, "globe, ball") is those portions of Earth's surface where water is in solid form, including sea ice, lake ice, river ice, snow cover, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, and frozen ground (which includes permafrost). Thus, there is a wide overlap with the hydrosphere. The cryosphere is an integral part of the global climate system with important linkages and feedbacks generated through its influence on surface energy and moisture fluxes, clouds, precipitation, hydrology, atmospheric and oceanic circulation. Through these feedback processes, the cryosphere plays a significant role in the global climate and in climate model response to global changes. The term deglaciation describes the retreat of cryospheric features. Cryology is the study of cryospheres.
Structure
Frozen water is found on the Earth’s surface primarily as snow cover, freshwater ice in lakes and rivers, sea ice, glaciers, ice sheets, and frozen ground and permafrost (permanently frozen ground). The residence time of water in each of these cryospheric sub-systems varies widely. Snow cover and freshwater ice are essentially seasonal, and most sea ice, except for ice in the central Arctic, lasts only a few years if it is not seasonal. A given water particle in glaciers, ice sheets, or ground ice, however, may remain frozen for 10-100,000 years or longer, and deep ice in parts of East Antarctica may have an age approaching 1 million years.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Cryosphere
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Martyr Of My Pain
by: CrossoverRelease all your darken wishes
Love ain't what Christ Preaches
Fill your heart with world's sacred fear
Nothing Else could be as real
Come on be the martyr of my Pain
Live in Hope, Live in Vain
Climb up my rotten Spine
So Fatal, yet Divine
He said that grace comes from Above
So there's nothing to be the done
Blind faith is all he ever needed
Just to keep us Bleeding
Come on be the martyr of my Pain
Live in Hope, Live in Vain
Climb up my rotten Spine
So Fatal, yet Divine
Trying to Embellish all the Curses
You are building empty Churches
Taste my Truth, It's full of fire
Latest News for: cryosphere
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Climate and cryosphere: subregional workshop for the sustainable future of Central Asia (UNESCO - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)
... representatives from Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan, who collaborated on recommendations for the Diagnostic Analysis (DA) of the cryosphere.
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Spotlight on the cryosphere at COP29 (Arctic Council)
Khedrup Dorji of Bhutan and Youth Ambassador for ICIMOD emphasized that the cryosphere is of common interest across the world ... He noted that the cryosphere is not only a frozen heritage, but also a lifeline for communities, flora and fauna in Bhutan.
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WMO ambitions on cryosphere (UNESCO - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)
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Ocean, Cryosphere and Sea Level Change (The eRulemaking Program)
). The text version of this document is not available ... Disclaimer ... (noodl. 120946349) .
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Key Atlantic current at risk of collapse: Research
East Coast, according to research from the International Cryosphere Climate Initiative ... for the rest of the century, the melting cryosphere will bring global ecosystem, social and economic impacts.
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The Eagle-Tribune
15 Oct 2024
AtriCure Announces Launch of cryoSPHERE MAX™ Probe for Post-Operative Pain Management
The Eagle-Tribune
15 Oct 2024
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Climate change and the cryosphere in Central Asia at the heart of a workshop in Turkmenistan (UNESCO - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)
This event marked the conclusion of a series of national workshops held in the Kyrgyz Republic, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan, building upon [...]. This is an abstract of the document.
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The United Nations General Assembly approves the Decade of Action for Cryospheric Sciences (2025-2034) (UNESCO - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)
[...]. This is an abstract of the document. To keep reading, click here and get access to the original version. Disclaimer ... (noodl. 120103969) .
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Experts gathering held on developing standardized guidelines for cryosphere monitoring in HKH region
</p><p>"This is not just about research; it's about ensuring reliable data that can inform decision-making and help us better understand cryosphere changes and their downstream impacts,” Sher told participants.</p><p>Dr.
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Rapidly melting cryosphere demands water storage facilities in HKH region: Experts
... to increase water storage facilities to boost resilience against climate-induced disasters as rapidly melting cryosphere posed risks to the billions of people's livelihoods, lives and property.
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UN General Assembly proclaims 2025-2034 as decade of action for cryospheric sciences
13 (Xinhua) -- The UN General Assembly adopted a resolution on Tuesday proclaiming 2025-2034 as the decade of action for cryospheric sciences ... UN General Assembly proclaims 2025-2034 as decade of action for cryospheric sciences.
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The UNGA adopted a resolution entitled “Decade of Action for Cryospheric Sciences, 2025-2034” (Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Tajikistan)
On August 13, 2024, the United Nations General Assembly unanimously adopted the resolution "Decade of Action for Cryospheric Sciences, 2025-2034", which was facilitated by the Republic of Tajikistan and the Republic of France.
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Can Geoengineering Protect Earth’s Icesheets?
Collectively, glaciers and icesheets are called the cryosphere. The cryosphere plays an important role in the water cycle ... In the last couple of decades, scientists have focused on two questions about the melting cryosphere.
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Three days training workshop by ICIMOD on cryosphere monitoring in Pakistan kicks off
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