The Chadian Progressive Party (French:Parti Progressiste Tchadien, PPT), known as the National Movement for the Cultural and Social Revolution (Mouvement National pour la Révolution Culturelle et Sociale, MNRCS) for the last two years of its existence, was the first African political party in Chad. It was a regional branch of the African Democratic Rally (RDA).
History
The party was founded in February 1947, by Gabriel Lisette, who had been elected to the French National Assembly in elections the previous November. At first it attracted support mainly from the country's non-Muslim intellectuals; politically it was much more radical and nationalistic than its main rival, the Muslim-dominated Chadian Democratic Union (UDT). This was revealed by its motto: "Enough with cotton! Enough with taxes! Enough with chiefs!" (Plus de coton! Plus d’impôts! Plus de chefs!).
Originally much weaker than the UDT, Lisette lost his seat in the National Assembly in the 1951 elections, in which the two second college seats were both won by the UDT. However, the 1956 electoral reforms expanded the pool of eligible voters and saw power begin to pass to the Christian and Animist south where the PPT had most of its support. In the 1956 French National Assembly elections the PPT received the largest share of the vote in the second college, resulting in Lisette elected back to the National Assembly.
The party was founded by three lawyers, namely Tan Chye Cheng, John Laycock and Nazir Ahmad Mallal. All three were educated at the University of London and were three of the six first ever elected legislative councillors in Singapore. The party was Singapore's first political party.
Party ideology
The Progressive Party was heavily backed by and made up of English-speaking upper class professionals. Its campaign ideology was to advocate progressive and gradual reforms, rather than sudden, quick, radical ones, which fell in line with British policy at the time, to slowly let Singapore gain full self-government. This approach was criticised vehemently by David Saul Marshall, leader of the Labour Front who instead wanted rapid reform. The locals (especially the Chinese), and the communists also blasted the Progressive Party, claiming that they were Hanjian (a Mandarin term for Chinese 'traitors')
The Progressive (British) Party of the Cape Colony, was a political party in the Cape Parliament that was primarily composed of and supported by British immigrants to the Cape. It supported pro-British, pro-Imperialist policies, and was in power from 1900 until 1908.
They initially formed the opposition to the government of Prime Minister William Philip Schreiner, after they lost the 1898 election to him.
However, the Progressives came to power on 18 June 1900 under Prime Minister John Gordon Sprigg, and later under Prime Minister Leander Starr Jameson.
They lost power on 2 February 1908, to the opposition South African Party under John X. Merriman. After this election the Progressives renamed themselves the "Union Party".
The similarly named "Progressive Movement" started in the neighbouring Transvaal in 1891 as a movement of wealthy British immigrants (or "Uitlanders") who opposed the Afrikaner government of the Transvaal. Just before Union, they became the "Progressive Association of the Transvaal".
From 1900, Chad was a French colony, although the first French arrival was around 1891. However, the decisive colonial battle for Chad was fought on the 22nd of April, 1900 at the Battle of Kousséri, after which French control was firmly established. After the end of World War II in which many Chadian soldiers fought for France, local parties started to develop in the colony.
The most notable political party formed at the time was the radical Chadian Progressive Party (PPT). The Chadian Progressive Party (PPT) was formed in February 1947 and was initially headed by Panamanian born Gabriel Lisette who was a member of the French National Assembly. But from 1959 François Tombalbaye took over the leadership of the party. The party was a regional branch of the African Democratic Rally (RDA). I...
published: 15 Nov 2020
Biography of Alphose Massamba Debat, Former Prime Minister and President of Congo
Massamba-Débat was born on the 11th of February, 1921 in Nkolo, a small village in the Boko District of French Equatorial Africa. Born into a Kongo family, Massamba-Débat was a member of the Lari tribe. He attended Boko Regional School, then received teacher training at the Edouard Renard school in Brazzaville. At age 13, he was already a teacher in Chad.
By 1940, he joined the anti-colonialist Chadian Progressive Party, the first political party in Chad.
He then served as the general secretary of the Association for the Development of Chad in 1945. Two years later, he moved back to Congo, and then from 1948 to 1953, he served as the principal of a school in Mossendjo. He left there and was a principal in another school in Mindouli till 1956. He was also the headmaster of Bakongo Secular...
published: 29 Nov 2020
A Brief History of Chad: Tombalbaye, Habre & Goukouni
The modern day nation of Chad was colonized by France during the early part of the twentieth century. Prior to French colonization, the northerners, mostly Muslims dominated Chad. However, after colonization the French encouraged the cultivation of cotton in the southern part of the country. The increase in commercial agriculture in the South gave that region changed the power dynamic between the North and the South. However, the Africans were never content with colonial rule. Learn more http://www.globalblackhistory.com/2017/07/brief-history-chad-tombalbaye-habre-goukouni.html
published: 31 Jul 2017
Biography of François Tombalbaye, Origin, Education,Policies, Achievements,Family,Wife,Children
François Tombalbaye also known as Ngarta Tombalbaye was a Chadian teacher and trade union activist who served as the first president of Chad after the country`s independence in 1960
published: 30 Mar 2020
Chad election: Ruling party says turnout high amid boycott
Despite an Africanews correspondent reporting polling stations were quiet in the capital N'djamena, the ruling party said voter turnout was high.
READ MORE : https://www.africanews.com/2021/04/12/chad-election-ruling-party-says-turnout-high-amid-boycott
Subscribe on our Youtube channel https://www.youtube.com/c/africanews?sub_confirmation=1 and receive all the latest news from the continent.
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published: 12 Apr 2021
History Of Chad
'''Chad''' ( ; In French: Tchad. ) , officially the '''Republic of Chad''', is a landlocked country in West Africa. It borders Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west. Due to its distance from the sea and its largely desert climate, the country is sometimes referred to as the Dead Heart of Africa.
All text, either derivative works from Wikipedia Articles or original content shared here, is licensed under:
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License
A full list of the authors of the original content can be found in the following subdomain of wikipedia, here:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Chad (History: History by Country)
From 1900, Chad was a French colony, although the first French arrival was around 1891. However, the decisive colonial battle for Chad was fought on the 22nd of...
From 1900, Chad was a French colony, although the first French arrival was around 1891. However, the decisive colonial battle for Chad was fought on the 22nd of April, 1900 at the Battle of Kousséri, after which French control was firmly established. After the end of World War II in which many Chadian soldiers fought for France, local parties started to develop in the colony.
The most notable political party formed at the time was the radical Chadian Progressive Party (PPT). The Chadian Progressive Party (PPT) was formed in February 1947 and was initially headed by Panamanian born Gabriel Lisette who was a member of the French National Assembly. But from 1959 François Tombalbaye took over the leadership of the party. The party was a regional branch of the African Democratic Rally (RDA). It attracted most of its support from the country's non-Muslim intellectuals. It was a more radical and nationalistic party compared to its main rival, the Muslim-dominated Chadian Democratic Union (UDT). The PPT was victorious in the May 1957 pre-independence elections and Lisette was head of the government of the Territorial Assembly. However on the 11th of February 1959, he lost a confidence vote and was subsequently removed from office.
From 1900, Chad was a French colony, although the first French arrival was around 1891. However, the decisive colonial battle for Chad was fought on the 22nd of April, 1900 at the Battle of Kousséri, after which French control was firmly established. After the end of World War II in which many Chadian soldiers fought for France, local parties started to develop in the colony.
The most notable political party formed at the time was the radical Chadian Progressive Party (PPT). The Chadian Progressive Party (PPT) was formed in February 1947 and was initially headed by Panamanian born Gabriel Lisette who was a member of the French National Assembly. But from 1959 François Tombalbaye took over the leadership of the party. The party was a regional branch of the African Democratic Rally (RDA). It attracted most of its support from the country's non-Muslim intellectuals. It was a more radical and nationalistic party compared to its main rival, the Muslim-dominated Chadian Democratic Union (UDT). The PPT was victorious in the May 1957 pre-independence elections and Lisette was head of the government of the Territorial Assembly. However on the 11th of February 1959, he lost a confidence vote and was subsequently removed from office.
Massamba-Débat was born on the 11th of February, 1921 in Nkolo, a small village in the Boko District of French Equatorial Africa. Born into a Kongo family, Mass...
Massamba-Débat was born on the 11th of February, 1921 in Nkolo, a small village in the Boko District of French Equatorial Africa. Born into a Kongo family, Massamba-Débat was a member of the Lari tribe. He attended Boko Regional School, then received teacher training at the Edouard Renard school in Brazzaville. At age 13, he was already a teacher in Chad.
By 1940, he joined the anti-colonialist Chadian Progressive Party, the first political party in Chad.
He then served as the general secretary of the Association for the Development of Chad in 1945. Two years later, he moved back to Congo, and then from 1948 to 1953, he served as the principal of a school in Mossendjo. He left there and was a principal in another school in Mindouli till 1956. He was also the headmaster of Bakongo Secular School in Brazzaville in 1957.
It was at that time that he joined the Congolese Progressive Party (PPC).
That same year, Massamba-Débat joined Fulbert Youlou's Democratic Union for the Defense of African Interests party (UDDIA).
Massamba-Débat was born on the 11th of February, 1921 in Nkolo, a small village in the Boko District of French Equatorial Africa. Born into a Kongo family, Massamba-Débat was a member of the Lari tribe. He attended Boko Regional School, then received teacher training at the Edouard Renard school in Brazzaville. At age 13, he was already a teacher in Chad.
By 1940, he joined the anti-colonialist Chadian Progressive Party, the first political party in Chad.
He then served as the general secretary of the Association for the Development of Chad in 1945. Two years later, he moved back to Congo, and then from 1948 to 1953, he served as the principal of a school in Mossendjo. He left there and was a principal in another school in Mindouli till 1956. He was also the headmaster of Bakongo Secular School in Brazzaville in 1957.
It was at that time that he joined the Congolese Progressive Party (PPC).
That same year, Massamba-Débat joined Fulbert Youlou's Democratic Union for the Defense of African Interests party (UDDIA).
The modern day nation of Chad was colonized by France during the early part of the twentieth century. Prior to French colonization, the northerners, mostly Musl...
The modern day nation of Chad was colonized by France during the early part of the twentieth century. Prior to French colonization, the northerners, mostly Muslims dominated Chad. However, after colonization the French encouraged the cultivation of cotton in the southern part of the country. The increase in commercial agriculture in the South gave that region changed the power dynamic between the North and the South. However, the Africans were never content with colonial rule. Learn more http://www.globalblackhistory.com/2017/07/brief-history-chad-tombalbaye-habre-goukouni.html
The modern day nation of Chad was colonized by France during the early part of the twentieth century. Prior to French colonization, the northerners, mostly Muslims dominated Chad. However, after colonization the French encouraged the cultivation of cotton in the southern part of the country. The increase in commercial agriculture in the South gave that region changed the power dynamic between the North and the South. However, the Africans were never content with colonial rule. Learn more http://www.globalblackhistory.com/2017/07/brief-history-chad-tombalbaye-habre-goukouni.html
François Tombalbaye also known as Ngarta Tombalbaye was a Chadian teacher and trade union activist who served as the first president of Chad after the country`s...
François Tombalbaye also known as Ngarta Tombalbaye was a Chadian teacher and trade union activist who served as the first president of Chad after the country`s independence in 1960
François Tombalbaye also known as Ngarta Tombalbaye was a Chadian teacher and trade union activist who served as the first president of Chad after the country`s independence in 1960
Despite an Africanews correspondent reporting polling stations were quiet in the capital N'djamena, the ruling party said voter turnout was high.
READ MORE : ...
Despite an Africanews correspondent reporting polling stations were quiet in the capital N'djamena, the ruling party said voter turnout was high.
READ MORE : https://www.africanews.com/2021/04/12/chad-election-ruling-party-says-turnout-high-amid-boycott
Subscribe on our Youtube channel https://www.youtube.com/c/africanews?sub_confirmation=1 and receive all the latest news from the continent.
Africanews is available in English and French.
Website : www.africanews.com
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Despite an Africanews correspondent reporting polling stations were quiet in the capital N'djamena, the ruling party said voter turnout was high.
READ MORE : https://www.africanews.com/2021/04/12/chad-election-ruling-party-says-turnout-high-amid-boycott
Subscribe on our Youtube channel https://www.youtube.com/c/africanews?sub_confirmation=1 and receive all the latest news from the continent.
Africanews is available in English and French.
Website : www.africanews.com
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Twitter : https://twitter.com/africanews
#AfNews
'''Chad''' ( ; In French: Tchad. ) , officially the '''Republic of Chad''', is a landlocked country in West Africa. It borders Libya to the north, Sudan to the...
'''Chad''' ( ; In French: Tchad. ) , officially the '''Republic of Chad''', is a landlocked country in West Africa. It borders Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west. Due to its distance from the sea and its largely desert climate, the country is sometimes referred to as the Dead Heart of Africa.
All text, either derivative works from Wikipedia Articles or original content shared here, is licensed under:
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License
A full list of the authors of the original content can be found in the following subdomain of wikipedia, here:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Chad (History: History by Country)
'''Chad''' ( ; In French: Tchad. ) , officially the '''Republic of Chad''', is a landlocked country in West Africa. It borders Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west. Due to its distance from the sea and its largely desert climate, the country is sometimes referred to as the Dead Heart of Africa.
All text, either derivative works from Wikipedia Articles or original content shared here, is licensed under:
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License
A full list of the authors of the original content can be found in the following subdomain of wikipedia, here:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Chad (History: History by Country)
From 1900, Chad was a French colony, although the first French arrival was around 1891. However, the decisive colonial battle for Chad was fought on the 22nd of April, 1900 at the Battle of Kousséri, after which French control was firmly established. After the end of World War II in which many Chadian soldiers fought for France, local parties started to develop in the colony.
The most notable political party formed at the time was the radical Chadian Progressive Party (PPT). The Chadian Progressive Party (PPT) was formed in February 1947 and was initially headed by Panamanian born Gabriel Lisette who was a member of the French National Assembly. But from 1959 François Tombalbaye took over the leadership of the party. The party was a regional branch of the African Democratic Rally (RDA). It attracted most of its support from the country's non-Muslim intellectuals. It was a more radical and nationalistic party compared to its main rival, the Muslim-dominated Chadian Democratic Union (UDT). The PPT was victorious in the May 1957 pre-independence elections and Lisette was head of the government of the Territorial Assembly. However on the 11th of February 1959, he lost a confidence vote and was subsequently removed from office.
Massamba-Débat was born on the 11th of February, 1921 in Nkolo, a small village in the Boko District of French Equatorial Africa. Born into a Kongo family, Massamba-Débat was a member of the Lari tribe. He attended Boko Regional School, then received teacher training at the Edouard Renard school in Brazzaville. At age 13, he was already a teacher in Chad.
By 1940, he joined the anti-colonialist Chadian Progressive Party, the first political party in Chad.
He then served as the general secretary of the Association for the Development of Chad in 1945. Two years later, he moved back to Congo, and then from 1948 to 1953, he served as the principal of a school in Mossendjo. He left there and was a principal in another school in Mindouli till 1956. He was also the headmaster of Bakongo Secular School in Brazzaville in 1957.
It was at that time that he joined the Congolese Progressive Party (PPC).
That same year, Massamba-Débat joined Fulbert Youlou's Democratic Union for the Defense of African Interests party (UDDIA).
The modern day nation of Chad was colonized by France during the early part of the twentieth century. Prior to French colonization, the northerners, mostly Muslims dominated Chad. However, after colonization the French encouraged the cultivation of cotton in the southern part of the country. The increase in commercial agriculture in the South gave that region changed the power dynamic between the North and the South. However, the Africans were never content with colonial rule. Learn more http://www.globalblackhistory.com/2017/07/brief-history-chad-tombalbaye-habre-goukouni.html
François Tombalbaye also known as Ngarta Tombalbaye was a Chadian teacher and trade union activist who served as the first president of Chad after the country`s independence in 1960
Despite an Africanews correspondent reporting polling stations were quiet in the capital N'djamena, the ruling party said voter turnout was high.
READ MORE : https://www.africanews.com/2021/04/12/chad-election-ruling-party-says-turnout-high-amid-boycott
Subscribe on our Youtube channel https://www.youtube.com/c/africanews?sub_confirmation=1 and receive all the latest news from the continent.
Africanews is available in English and French.
Website : www.africanews.com
Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/africanews.channel/
Twitter : https://twitter.com/africanews
#AfNews
'''Chad''' ( ; In French: Tchad. ) , officially the '''Republic of Chad''', is a landlocked country in West Africa. It borders Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west. Due to its distance from the sea and its largely desert climate, the country is sometimes referred to as the Dead Heart of Africa.
All text, either derivative works from Wikipedia Articles or original content shared here, is licensed under:
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License
A full list of the authors of the original content can be found in the following subdomain of wikipedia, here:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Chad (History: History by Country)
The Chadian Progressive Party (French:Parti Progressiste Tchadien, PPT), known as the National Movement for the Cultural and Social Revolution (Mouvement National pour la Révolution Culturelle et Sociale, MNRCS) for the last two years of its existence, was the first African political party in Chad. It was a regional branch of the African Democratic Rally (RDA).
History
The party was founded in February 1947, by Gabriel Lisette, who had been elected to the French National Assembly in elections the previous November. At first it attracted support mainly from the country's non-Muslim intellectuals; politically it was much more radical and nationalistic than its main rival, the Muslim-dominated Chadian Democratic Union (UDT). This was revealed by its motto: "Enough with cotton! Enough with taxes! Enough with chiefs!" (Plus de coton! Plus d’impôts! Plus de chefs!).
Originally much weaker than the UDT, Lisette lost his seat in the National Assembly in the 1951 elections, in which the two second college seats were both won by the UDT. However, the 1956 electoral reforms expanded the pool of eligible voters and saw power begin to pass to the Christian and Animist south where the PPT had most of its support. In the 1956 French National Assembly elections the PPT received the largest share of the vote in the second college, resulting in Lisette elected back to the National Assembly.