In anatomy, the areola (/əˈriːələ/ or /ɛriːˈoʊlə/) is a small circular area on the body with a different histology from the surrounding tissue. The term is most commonly used to denote the pigmented area on the human breast around the nipple (areola mammae) but it can also describe other small circular areas such as an inflamed region of skin.
The plural of areola is areolas or areolae, which is pronounced /əˈriːəliː/ or /əˈriːəlaɪ/. "Areola" is the diminutive of Latinarea, "open place".
Human mammary areola
Careful inspection of a mature human female nipple will reveal several small openings arranged radially around the tip of the nipple (lactiferous ducts) from which milk is released during lactation. Other small openings in the areola are sebaceous glands, known as Montgomery's glands (or glands of Montgomery). These can be quite obvious and raised above the surface of the areola, giving the appearance of "goose-flesh".
Colour
The areolae can range from pink to red to dark brown or nearly black, but generally tend to be paler among people with lighter skin tones and darker among people with darker skin tones. A reason for the differing colour may be to make the nipple area more visible to the infant.
A lichen is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria (or both) living among filaments of a fungus in a symbiotic relationship. The combined life form has properties that are very different from the properties of its component organisms. Lichens come in many colors, sizes, and forms. The properties are sometimes plant-like, but lichens are not plants. Lichens may have tiny, leafless branches (fruticose), flat leaf-like structures (foliose), flakes that lie on the surface like peeling paint (crustose), or other growth forms. A macrolichen is a lichen that is either bush-like or leafy; all other lichens are termed microlichens. Here, "macro" and "micro" do not refer to size, but to the growth form.Common names for lichens may contain the word "moss" (e.g., "Reindeer moss", "Iceland moss"), and lichens may superficially look like and grow with mosses, but lichens are not related to mosses or any plant. Lichens do not have roots that absorb water and nutrients as plants do but like plants they produce their own food by photosynthesis using sunlight energy, from carbon dioxide, water and minerals in their environment. When they grow on plants, they do not live as parasites and only use the plants as a substrate.
What's in a Lichen? How Scientists Got It Wrong for 150 Years | Short Film Showcase
For 150 years, scientists believed lichen were defined by a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and algae. Meet the team of researchers who upended this belief in this short film by Andy Johnson, Talia Yuki Moore, Chris A. Johns, and Kate Furby.
➡ Subscribe: http://bit.ly/NatGeoSubscribe
➡ Get More Short Film Showcase: http://bit.ly/ShortFilmShowcase
About Short Film Showcase:
The Short Film Showcase spotlights exceptional short videos created by filmmakers from around the web and selected by National Geographic editors. We look for work that affirms National Geographic's belief in the power of science, exploration, and storytelling to change the world. The filmmakers created the content presented, and the opinions expressed are their own, not those of National Geographic Partners.
...
published: 25 Jan 2018
An Introduction to Lichen
"What actually is a lichen?" In this film, we learn about the structure and function of lichen, as well as the three main growth forms and how to identify different lichen forms. Lichenologist Joe Hope invites us to have a closer look at the fascinating lichen ecosystem especially the relationship between lichen and algae. He clearly explains some key terms that will help you understand more about the lichens in your local woodland.
A film for woodlands.co.uk by Jemma Cholawo
published: 16 Jul 2019
Aphex Twin - Lichen
A homemade music video for Aphex Twin's Lichen from the album Selected Ambient Works Vol. II (1994).
All musical content is owned by WMG. This is not a paid advertisement. It is stated to avoid copywrite issues so this video can stay up.
published: 30 Jun 2010
Why is Lichen important?
Ever looked at a rock covered in lichen and thought - what does lichen do for me? Well it turns out a lot of things!
SUBSCRIBE ► https://bit.ly/2VCQkOZ
In this video we explore the wonderful world of lichens, a magical mix of fungi and a symbiont. Want to find out more. Watch the video!
---
A huge thank you to Dr Lalita Calabria and the Evergreen State College for helping us with this video! ► https://www.evergreen.edu/
---
Find out loads of lichen facts on the British Lichen Societies website: ► https://www.britishlichensociety.org.uk/
---
We're a team of Conservation Biologists. We make videos about biodiversity, ecology and conservation. Check out our website ► http://ecosapien.org
Follow us on Facebook ► https://bit.ly/3czzZ4v
and Twitter ► https://bit.ly/3blC5oc
and Instagram...
published: 30 Jul 2020
Lichen Biology
published: 07 Oct 2014
Moss & Lichen: Which One Is Actually a Plant?
This video was sponsored by Skillshare. The first 1000 people to use the link will get a free trial of Skillshare Premium Membership: https://skl.sh/journeytothemicrocosmos01211
Follow Journey to the Microcosmos:
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More from Jam’s Germs:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/jam_and_germs
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCn4UedbiTeN96izf-CxEPbg
Hosted by Hank Green:
Twitter: https://twitter.com/hankgreen
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/vlogbrothers
Music by Andrew Huang:
https://www.youtube.com/andrewhuang
Journey to the Microcosmos is a Complexly production.
Find out more at https://www.complexly.com
Stock video from:
ht...
published: 18 Jan 2021
The Life of Lichen
Explore the fascinating world of lichens with James Stevenson, UF/IFAS Pinellas County Extension Specialist.
-Produced at the Brooker Creek Preserve Environmental Education Center
-Starring James Stevenson
-Written by James Stevenson
-Edited by Julia Myers
Imagery courtesy of Brooker Creek Preserve staff and Canva.com unless otherwise noted
Electronic Data Information Source Publication: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1296
Website: http://brookercreekpreserve.org/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/BrookerCreekPreserve
We would love to know how many students we were able to reach with this video. ..let us know here: https://bit.ly/gatiform. Thank you for watching our Great American Teach-In video brought to you by faculty and staff of Brooker Creek Preserve Environmental Education Cente...
published: 22 Apr 2021
Lichen: Two Living Things In One | Biology for Kids
Join Jessi this week at the fort and learn about the unexpectedly awesome organism that's made up of two living things: LICHEN!
----------
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SOURCES:
http://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/beauty/lichens/
http://www.nhm.ac.uk/nature-online/life/plants-fungi/lichens/
Photos for reference:
http://www.f...
For 150 years, scientists believed lichen were defined by a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and algae. Meet the team of researchers who upended this bel...
For 150 years, scientists believed lichen were defined by a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and algae. Meet the team of researchers who upended this belief in this short film by Andy Johnson, Talia Yuki Moore, Chris A. Johns, and Kate Furby.
➡ Subscribe: http://bit.ly/NatGeoSubscribe
➡ Get More Short Film Showcase: http://bit.ly/ShortFilmShowcase
About Short Film Showcase:
The Short Film Showcase spotlights exceptional short videos created by filmmakers from around the web and selected by National Geographic editors. We look for work that affirms National Geographic's belief in the power of science, exploration, and storytelling to change the world. The filmmakers created the content presented, and the opinions expressed are their own, not those of National Geographic Partners.
See more from National Geographic's Short Film Showcase at http://documentary.com
Get More National Geographic:
Official Site: http://bit.ly/NatGeoOfficialSite
Facebook: http://bit.ly/FBNatGeo
Twitter: http://bit.ly/NatGeoTwitter
Instagram: http://bit.ly/NatGeoInsta
The fungus provides structure and support for the organism, while the algae produces food through photosynthesis. However, researchers recently discovered that certain lichen have an additional fungus in the mix. This threesome was revealed after a team set out to explain what made one type of lichen toxic versus another that was seemingly identical.
Watch the collaborative process unfold in this short film by Andy Johnson, Talia Yuki Moore, Chris A. Johns, and Kate Furby.
http://www.andyjohnsonphoto.com/
http://www.moorebiomechanics.com/
http://www.chrisajohns.com/
http://www.katefurby.com/
The film was created with support from Day's Edge Productions at the International Wildlife Film Festival's Filmmaker Labs. Macro photography by Tim Wheeler.
http://www.daysedge.com/
https://wildlifefilms.org/filmmaker-labs/
http://www.timwheelerphotography.com/
Learn more about John McCutcheon's Lab at the University of Montana.
http://mccutcheonlab.org/
Follow the filmmakers on Twitter (@seakaterun, @taliamuaddib, @daysedge) and Instagram (@andyjohnsonphoto, @seakaterun).
What's in a Lichen? How Scientists Got It Wrong for 150 Years | Short Film Showcase
https://youtu.be/Fkw_VF5zDT0
National Geographic
https://www.youtube.com/natgeo
For 150 years, scientists believed lichen were defined by a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and algae. Meet the team of researchers who upended this belief in this short film by Andy Johnson, Talia Yuki Moore, Chris A. Johns, and Kate Furby.
➡ Subscribe: http://bit.ly/NatGeoSubscribe
➡ Get More Short Film Showcase: http://bit.ly/ShortFilmShowcase
About Short Film Showcase:
The Short Film Showcase spotlights exceptional short videos created by filmmakers from around the web and selected by National Geographic editors. We look for work that affirms National Geographic's belief in the power of science, exploration, and storytelling to change the world. The filmmakers created the content presented, and the opinions expressed are their own, not those of National Geographic Partners.
See more from National Geographic's Short Film Showcase at http://documentary.com
Get More National Geographic:
Official Site: http://bit.ly/NatGeoOfficialSite
Facebook: http://bit.ly/FBNatGeo
Twitter: http://bit.ly/NatGeoTwitter
Instagram: http://bit.ly/NatGeoInsta
The fungus provides structure and support for the organism, while the algae produces food through photosynthesis. However, researchers recently discovered that certain lichen have an additional fungus in the mix. This threesome was revealed after a team set out to explain what made one type of lichen toxic versus another that was seemingly identical.
Watch the collaborative process unfold in this short film by Andy Johnson, Talia Yuki Moore, Chris A. Johns, and Kate Furby.
http://www.andyjohnsonphoto.com/
http://www.moorebiomechanics.com/
http://www.chrisajohns.com/
http://www.katefurby.com/
The film was created with support from Day's Edge Productions at the International Wildlife Film Festival's Filmmaker Labs. Macro photography by Tim Wheeler.
http://www.daysedge.com/
https://wildlifefilms.org/filmmaker-labs/
http://www.timwheelerphotography.com/
Learn more about John McCutcheon's Lab at the University of Montana.
http://mccutcheonlab.org/
Follow the filmmakers on Twitter (@seakaterun, @taliamuaddib, @daysedge) and Instagram (@andyjohnsonphoto, @seakaterun).
What's in a Lichen? How Scientists Got It Wrong for 150 Years | Short Film Showcase
https://youtu.be/Fkw_VF5zDT0
National Geographic
https://www.youtube.com/natgeo
"What actually is a lichen?" In this film, we learn about the structure and function of lichen, as well as the three main growth forms and how to identify diffe...
"What actually is a lichen?" In this film, we learn about the structure and function of lichen, as well as the three main growth forms and how to identify different lichen forms. Lichenologist Joe Hope invites us to have a closer look at the fascinating lichen ecosystem especially the relationship between lichen and algae. He clearly explains some key terms that will help you understand more about the lichens in your local woodland.
A film for woodlands.co.uk by Jemma Cholawo
"What actually is a lichen?" In this film, we learn about the structure and function of lichen, as well as the three main growth forms and how to identify different lichen forms. Lichenologist Joe Hope invites us to have a closer look at the fascinating lichen ecosystem especially the relationship between lichen and algae. He clearly explains some key terms that will help you understand more about the lichens in your local woodland.
A film for woodlands.co.uk by Jemma Cholawo
A homemade music video for Aphex Twin's Lichen from the album Selected Ambient Works Vol. II (1994).
All musical content is owned by WMG. This is not a paid a...
A homemade music video for Aphex Twin's Lichen from the album Selected Ambient Works Vol. II (1994).
All musical content is owned by WMG. This is not a paid advertisement. It is stated to avoid copywrite issues so this video can stay up.
A homemade music video for Aphex Twin's Lichen from the album Selected Ambient Works Vol. II (1994).
All musical content is owned by WMG. This is not a paid advertisement. It is stated to avoid copywrite issues so this video can stay up.
Ever looked at a rock covered in lichen and thought - what does lichen do for me? Well it turns out a lot of things!
SUBSCRIBE ► https://bit.ly/2VCQkOZ
In thi...
Ever looked at a rock covered in lichen and thought - what does lichen do for me? Well it turns out a lot of things!
SUBSCRIBE ► https://bit.ly/2VCQkOZ
In this video we explore the wonderful world of lichens, a magical mix of fungi and a symbiont. Want to find out more. Watch the video!
---
A huge thank you to Dr Lalita Calabria and the Evergreen State College for helping us with this video! ► https://www.evergreen.edu/
---
Find out loads of lichen facts on the British Lichen Societies website: ► https://www.britishlichensociety.org.uk/
---
We're a team of Conservation Biologists. We make videos about biodiversity, ecology and conservation. Check out our website ► http://ecosapien.org
Follow us on Facebook ► https://bit.ly/3czzZ4v
and Twitter ► https://bit.ly/3blC5oc
and Instagram ► https://bit.ly/2XItc42
David’s Twitter ► https://twitter.com/DavidBodenham
Phil’s Twitter ► https://twitter.com/greenunderwing
Arran’s Twitter ► https://twitter.com/morano95
---
♪Thanks to Epidemic for the great music - https://www.epidemicsound.com/
---
Ever looked at a rock covered in lichen and thought - what does lichen do for me? Well it turns out a lot of things!
SUBSCRIBE ► https://bit.ly/2VCQkOZ
In this video we explore the wonderful world of lichens, a magical mix of fungi and a symbiont. Want to find out more. Watch the video!
---
A huge thank you to Dr Lalita Calabria and the Evergreen State College for helping us with this video! ► https://www.evergreen.edu/
---
Find out loads of lichen facts on the British Lichen Societies website: ► https://www.britishlichensociety.org.uk/
---
We're a team of Conservation Biologists. We make videos about biodiversity, ecology and conservation. Check out our website ► http://ecosapien.org
Follow us on Facebook ► https://bit.ly/3czzZ4v
and Twitter ► https://bit.ly/3blC5oc
and Instagram ► https://bit.ly/2XItc42
David’s Twitter ► https://twitter.com/DavidBodenham
Phil’s Twitter ► https://twitter.com/greenunderwing
Arran’s Twitter ► https://twitter.com/morano95
---
♪Thanks to Epidemic for the great music - https://www.epidemicsound.com/
---
This video was sponsored by Skillshare. The first 1000 people to use the link will get a free trial of Skillshare Premium Membership: https://skl.sh/journeytoth...
This video was sponsored by Skillshare. The first 1000 people to use the link will get a free trial of Skillshare Premium Membership: https://skl.sh/journeytothemicrocosmos01211
Follow Journey to the Microcosmos:
Twitter: https://twitter.com/journeytomicro
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/JourneyToMicro
Support the Microcosmos:
http://www.patreon.com/journeytomicro
More from Jam’s Germs:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/jam_and_germs
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCn4UedbiTeN96izf-CxEPbg
Hosted by Hank Green:
Twitter: https://twitter.com/hankgreen
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/vlogbrothers
Music by Andrew Huang:
https://www.youtube.com/andrewhuang
Journey to the Microcosmos is a Complexly production.
Find out more at https://www.complexly.com
Stock video from:
https://www.videoblocks.com
SOURCES:
https://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/beauty/lichens/about.shtml
https://www.thoughtco.com/non-vascular-plants-4126545
https://www.nps.gov/arch/learn/nature/mossesandliverworts.htm
https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/lichens-fungi-that-have-discovered-agriculture
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/353/6298/488
https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2019/01/how-lichens-explain-and-re-explain-world/580681/
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/353/6297/337.summary
https://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/beauty/lichens/habitat.shtml
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/19/science/lichens-plants-evolution.html
https://bsapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.3732/ajb.1000316
https://www.pnas.org/content/113/35/9704
This video was sponsored by Skillshare. The first 1000 people to use the link will get a free trial of Skillshare Premium Membership: https://skl.sh/journeytothemicrocosmos01211
Follow Journey to the Microcosmos:
Twitter: https://twitter.com/journeytomicro
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/JourneyToMicro
Support the Microcosmos:
http://www.patreon.com/journeytomicro
More from Jam’s Germs:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/jam_and_germs
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCn4UedbiTeN96izf-CxEPbg
Hosted by Hank Green:
Twitter: https://twitter.com/hankgreen
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/vlogbrothers
Music by Andrew Huang:
https://www.youtube.com/andrewhuang
Journey to the Microcosmos is a Complexly production.
Find out more at https://www.complexly.com
Stock video from:
https://www.videoblocks.com
SOURCES:
https://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/beauty/lichens/about.shtml
https://www.thoughtco.com/non-vascular-plants-4126545
https://www.nps.gov/arch/learn/nature/mossesandliverworts.htm
https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/lichens-fungi-that-have-discovered-agriculture
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/353/6298/488
https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2019/01/how-lichens-explain-and-re-explain-world/580681/
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/353/6297/337.summary
https://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/beauty/lichens/habitat.shtml
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/19/science/lichens-plants-evolution.html
https://bsapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.3732/ajb.1000316
https://www.pnas.org/content/113/35/9704
Explore the fascinating world of lichens with James Stevenson, UF/IFAS Pinellas County Extension Specialist.
-Produced at the Brooker Creek Preserve Environmen...
Explore the fascinating world of lichens with James Stevenson, UF/IFAS Pinellas County Extension Specialist.
-Produced at the Brooker Creek Preserve Environmental Education Center
-Starring James Stevenson
-Written by James Stevenson
-Edited by Julia Myers
Imagery courtesy of Brooker Creek Preserve staff and Canva.com unless otherwise noted
Electronic Data Information Source Publication: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1296
Website: http://brookercreekpreserve.org/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/BrookerCreekPreserve
We would love to know how many students we were able to reach with this video. ..let us know here: https://bit.ly/gatiform. Thank you for watching our Great American Teach-In video brought to you by faculty and staff of Brooker Creek Preserve Environmental Education Center and UF/IFAS Extension Pinellas County.
Explore the fascinating world of lichens with James Stevenson, UF/IFAS Pinellas County Extension Specialist.
-Produced at the Brooker Creek Preserve Environmental Education Center
-Starring James Stevenson
-Written by James Stevenson
-Edited by Julia Myers
Imagery courtesy of Brooker Creek Preserve staff and Canva.com unless otherwise noted
Electronic Data Information Source Publication: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1296
Website: http://brookercreekpreserve.org/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/BrookerCreekPreserve
We would love to know how many students we were able to reach with this video. ..let us know here: https://bit.ly/gatiform. Thank you for watching our Great American Teach-In video brought to you by faculty and staff of Brooker Creek Preserve Environmental Education Center and UF/IFAS Extension Pinellas County.
Join Jessi this week at the fort and learn about the unexpectedly awesome organism that's made up of two living things: LICHEN!
----------
Like SciShow? Want to...
Join Jessi this week at the fort and learn about the unexpectedly awesome organism that's made up of two living things: LICHEN!
----------
Like SciShow? Want to help support us, and also get things to put on your walls, cover your torso and hold your liquids? Check out our awesome products over at DFTBA Records: http://dftba.com/SciShow
Or help support us by becoming our patron on Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/scishow
----------
Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow
Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow
Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com
Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow
SOURCES:
http://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/beauty/lichens/
http://www.nhm.ac.uk/nature-online/life/plants-fungi/lichens/
Photos for reference:
http://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/beauty/lichens/gallery/index.shtml
http://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/beauty/lichens/biology/growthforms.shtml
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:L%C3%ADquens_en_pedra90.JPG
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rock_and_lichen.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lichen_encrusted_rocks_adorn_the_cliffs_of_Santa_Cruz_Island.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Orange_lichen_(Xanthoria_parietina)_on_concrete.jpg
Join Jessi this week at the fort and learn about the unexpectedly awesome organism that's made up of two living things: LICHEN!
----------
Like SciShow? Want to help support us, and also get things to put on your walls, cover your torso and hold your liquids? Check out our awesome products over at DFTBA Records: http://dftba.com/SciShow
Or help support us by becoming our patron on Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/scishow
----------
Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow
Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow
Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com
Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow
SOURCES:
http://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/beauty/lichens/
http://www.nhm.ac.uk/nature-online/life/plants-fungi/lichens/
Photos for reference:
http://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/beauty/lichens/gallery/index.shtml
http://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/beauty/lichens/biology/growthforms.shtml
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:L%C3%ADquens_en_pedra90.JPG
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rock_and_lichen.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lichen_encrusted_rocks_adorn_the_cliffs_of_Santa_Cruz_Island.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Orange_lichen_(Xanthoria_parietina)_on_concrete.jpg
For 150 years, scientists believed lichen were defined by a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and algae. Meet the team of researchers who upended this belief in this short film by Andy Johnson, Talia Yuki Moore, Chris A. Johns, and Kate Furby.
➡ Subscribe: http://bit.ly/NatGeoSubscribe
➡ Get More Short Film Showcase: http://bit.ly/ShortFilmShowcase
About Short Film Showcase:
The Short Film Showcase spotlights exceptional short videos created by filmmakers from around the web and selected by National Geographic editors. We look for work that affirms National Geographic's belief in the power of science, exploration, and storytelling to change the world. The filmmakers created the content presented, and the opinions expressed are their own, not those of National Geographic Partners.
See more from National Geographic's Short Film Showcase at http://documentary.com
Get More National Geographic:
Official Site: http://bit.ly/NatGeoOfficialSite
Facebook: http://bit.ly/FBNatGeo
Twitter: http://bit.ly/NatGeoTwitter
Instagram: http://bit.ly/NatGeoInsta
The fungus provides structure and support for the organism, while the algae produces food through photosynthesis. However, researchers recently discovered that certain lichen have an additional fungus in the mix. This threesome was revealed after a team set out to explain what made one type of lichen toxic versus another that was seemingly identical.
Watch the collaborative process unfold in this short film by Andy Johnson, Talia Yuki Moore, Chris A. Johns, and Kate Furby.
http://www.andyjohnsonphoto.com/
http://www.moorebiomechanics.com/
http://www.chrisajohns.com/
http://www.katefurby.com/
The film was created with support from Day's Edge Productions at the International Wildlife Film Festival's Filmmaker Labs. Macro photography by Tim Wheeler.
http://www.daysedge.com/
https://wildlifefilms.org/filmmaker-labs/
http://www.timwheelerphotography.com/
Learn more about John McCutcheon's Lab at the University of Montana.
http://mccutcheonlab.org/
Follow the filmmakers on Twitter (@seakaterun, @taliamuaddib, @daysedge) and Instagram (@andyjohnsonphoto, @seakaterun).
What's in a Lichen? How Scientists Got It Wrong for 150 Years | Short Film Showcase
https://youtu.be/Fkw_VF5zDT0
National Geographic
https://www.youtube.com/natgeo
"What actually is a lichen?" In this film, we learn about the structure and function of lichen, as well as the three main growth forms and how to identify different lichen forms. Lichenologist Joe Hope invites us to have a closer look at the fascinating lichen ecosystem especially the relationship between lichen and algae. He clearly explains some key terms that will help you understand more about the lichens in your local woodland.
A film for woodlands.co.uk by Jemma Cholawo
A homemade music video for Aphex Twin's Lichen from the album Selected Ambient Works Vol. II (1994).
All musical content is owned by WMG. This is not a paid advertisement. It is stated to avoid copywrite issues so this video can stay up.
Ever looked at a rock covered in lichen and thought - what does lichen do for me? Well it turns out a lot of things!
SUBSCRIBE ► https://bit.ly/2VCQkOZ
In this video we explore the wonderful world of lichens, a magical mix of fungi and a symbiont. Want to find out more. Watch the video!
---
A huge thank you to Dr Lalita Calabria and the Evergreen State College for helping us with this video! ► https://www.evergreen.edu/
---
Find out loads of lichen facts on the British Lichen Societies website: ► https://www.britishlichensociety.org.uk/
---
We're a team of Conservation Biologists. We make videos about biodiversity, ecology and conservation. Check out our website ► http://ecosapien.org
Follow us on Facebook ► https://bit.ly/3czzZ4v
and Twitter ► https://bit.ly/3blC5oc
and Instagram ► https://bit.ly/2XItc42
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SOURCES:
https://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/beauty/lichens/about.shtml
https://www.thoughtco.com/non-vascular-plants-4126545
https://www.nps.gov/arch/learn/nature/mossesandliverworts.htm
https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/lichens-fungi-that-have-discovered-agriculture
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/353/6298/488
https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2019/01/how-lichens-explain-and-re-explain-world/580681/
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/353/6297/337.summary
https://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/beauty/lichens/habitat.shtml
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/19/science/lichens-plants-evolution.html
https://bsapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.3732/ajb.1000316
https://www.pnas.org/content/113/35/9704
Explore the fascinating world of lichens with James Stevenson, UF/IFAS Pinellas County Extension Specialist.
-Produced at the Brooker Creek Preserve Environmental Education Center
-Starring James Stevenson
-Written by James Stevenson
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We would love to know how many students we were able to reach with this video. ..let us know here: https://bit.ly/gatiform. Thank you for watching our Great American Teach-In video brought to you by faculty and staff of Brooker Creek Preserve Environmental Education Center and UF/IFAS Extension Pinellas County.
Join Jessi this week at the fort and learn about the unexpectedly awesome organism that's made up of two living things: LICHEN!
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SOURCES:
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http://www.nhm.ac.uk/nature-online/life/plants-fungi/lichens/
Photos for reference:
http://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/beauty/lichens/gallery/index.shtml
http://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/beauty/lichens/biology/growthforms.shtml
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:L%C3%ADquens_en_pedra90.JPG
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rock_and_lichen.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lichen_encrusted_rocks_adorn_the_cliffs_of_Santa_Cruz_Island.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Orange_lichen_(Xanthoria_parietina)_on_concrete.jpg
In anatomy, the areola (/əˈriːələ/ or /ɛriːˈoʊlə/) is a small circular area on the body with a different histology from the surrounding tissue. The term is most commonly used to denote the pigmented area on the human breast around the nipple (areola mammae) but it can also describe other small circular areas such as an inflamed region of skin.
The plural of areola is areolas or areolae, which is pronounced /əˈriːəliː/ or /əˈriːəlaɪ/. "Areola" is the diminutive of Latinarea, "open place".
Human mammary areola
Careful inspection of a mature human female nipple will reveal several small openings arranged radially around the tip of the nipple (lactiferous ducts) from which milk is released during lactation. Other small openings in the areola are sebaceous glands, known as Montgomery's glands (or glands of Montgomery). These can be quite obvious and raised above the surface of the areola, giving the appearance of "goose-flesh".
Colour
The areolae can range from pink to red to dark brown or nearly black, but generally tend to be paler among people with lighter skin tones and darker among people with darker skin tones. A reason for the differing colour may be to make the nipple area more visible to the infant.
[Kali] She told me to hit it and split it and get up off her (Ease back) just a little softer I'm the one that be drivin them crazy, Out of their brains So give me a peak of your areola out of your Hanes Cause she got thighs on her, Look at the size on her Big ol' shake like she need fries on her Wanna see ya in ya boustia (Swoop ya) See ya in a group and say, Hey! Areola, Stick 'em out Don't know what I'm talkin 'bout That circle around the skittle In the middle you put in your mouth But I love ya, baby Hell naw! Titties, If they big or small That's what I'm talkin 'bout Now turn around and pull them out your bra [Chorus] Oooh (Areola!), Oooh (Areola!), Oooh (Areola!) That shirt came off and showed a... Oooh (Areola!), Oooh (Areola!), Oooh (Areola!) That shirt came off, That bra came off and... Oooh [Kutt Calhoun] Seen her lookin prettier than fuck Taken over by an unadulterated player Way to get up in the middle Till I pan up at them jugs Now I'm thinkin about the little bitty circles Decorated all around the nipple With that badonk, It come with those tig ol' big o's You see your firm breasticles I got a big ol' woody inside of my Skinny J-neans Just thought that I would let you know So if you want to I can give you what you need Just as long as you let me Suck and touch on those titties, baby I think that I am in love... with What's with on these hooters 816, M-I-D-Dub F-Y-I in the future [Chorus] Oooh (Areola!), Oooh (Areola!), Oooh (Areola!) That shirt came off and showed a... Oooh (Areola!), Oooh (Areola!), Oooh (Areola!) That shirt came off, That bra came off and... Oooh [tech] Baby girl, I wanna see with the top off Take the Vickie shit off You know that it popped off her Now I know she ready to get it knocked off Kissed the areola and she said that It's gon' cost ya I aint givin up the money You knowin that I'm a certified playa And I'm sumthin like a pimp Ask ya mama, She could tell ya that Tecca N9na's a bonafide layer Get ya walkin with a limp And you know it got tore owa-owa up Tecca N9na hit and it swole owa-owa up Never owa dove for the owa-owa butt Owa Yo, Don't you know I'm a owa-owa nut? I made a song about your areola Go on and let ya bra fall right off ya shoulder If you aint got no titties, baby You better hold up (What is an areola?) [MACKZILLLAAA] It's the area around yo nipple ya boy Makzilla made this official Boy don't trip, Don't pull your pistol Know what I'm sayin, uh huh (Huh) [Chorus] Oooh (Areola!), Oooh (Areola!), Oooh (Areola!) That shirt came off and showed a... Oooh (Areola!), Oooh (Areola!), Oooh (Areola!) That shirt came off, That bra came off and... Oooh [Outro] Yeah, 816 Boys Grammy award winners Come on, Come on
West Ham goalkeeper Alphonse Areola is under scrutiny following his performance in the team’s crushing 4-1 defeat to Tottenham on Saturday ... Areola’s struggles were most evident during Tottenham’s third goal.
West Ham United goalkeeper Alphone Areola will again be looking to make his return to action when the Hammers take on Crystal Palace in the Premier League on Sunday afternoon ... Alphonse Areola hopeful of West Ham return.
Alphonse Areola has missed West Ham’s last five games due to a groin injury (Shutterstock) ...Phillips has also not played for West Ham since the 4-3 defeat away to Newcastle on March 30 but both he and Areola returned to training this week.
Kalvin Phillips. A disastrous loan spell for Kalvin Phillips continued when the midfielder suffered an injury in training ... Potential return date ... .
David Moyes has confirmed Jarrod Bowen is set to miss West Ham’s Premier League clash with Fulham on Sunday while goalkeeper Alphonse Areola is also a doubt ... Areola, meanwhile, has missed West Ham’s last three matches due to a groin problem.
Alphonse Areola is currently sidelined with a groin injury (Shutterstock). David Moyes has revealed Alphonse Areola will miss West Ham’s Premier League clash against Tottenham on Tuesday due to a groin injury.