-
Acute inhibition of ATP-sensitive K+ channels
This video titled 'Acute inhibition of ATP-sensitive K+ channels impairs skeletal muscle vascular control in rats during treadmill exercise' was created by our LetPub team and published for the American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulation Physiology. https://www.letpub.com/index.php?page=video_abstract
published: 20 Nov 2019
-
K+ channels:- ATP-sensitive and O2 sensitive. #viveksirsphysiology #vsp
Hypoxia leads to vasodilation everywhere in the body, but causes vasoconstriction in the lung. How come same stimulus obtains different responses on different blood vessels? Watch the video for the answer.
"Treasures & Secrets in Physiology"
Ready to Study , NEOCORTEX PHYSIOLOGY NOTES are LIVE NOW on Official Website :
https://www.physiologyguru.com/notes-2022
You can Purchase NOTES pdf with Ultra Shorts VIDEOS for better explanation by Author Dr. Vivek Nalgirkar
Get 75% off on Every Notes
Download First FREE Chapter :
NEOCORTEX PHYSIOLOGY NOTES - https://www.physiologyguru.com/notes-2022?store-page=NEOCORTEX-PHYSIOLOGY-NOTES-BLOOD-p444248656
Also Follow us on social media :
Instagram link : https://www.instagram.com/vivek.sirs.physiology/
Facebook link : https://www.facebook.com/...
published: 02 May 2019
-
Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels in Neurons
This video explains how voltage-gated sodium channels work in neurons, and how they influence the shape of an action potential graph.
Animation and voice-over by Laura Slusser.
published: 07 Sep 2020
-
KATP channel (ATP-sensitive potassium channel) dynamics in real time
Cell attached patch-clamp recording of electrical current flowing through a single KATP ion channel from a pancreatic beta-cell at 20C in real time from my Laboratory. Here we can observe the ionic (electrical) consequence of dynamics change in structure of single protein (complex) in real time-in the native environment of the cell membrane. The upward deflection is electrical current due to the flow of potassium ions through the ion channel as its molecular structure undergoes random flexion to allow the formation of an electrically conductive ionic pore across the cell membrane. This is similar to randomly switching an electrical light switch on and off, when on the light shines (electricity flow), when off it is dark these is no current.
published: 24 Jul 2020
-
Activation Cycle of Voltage Gated Potassium Channels
This video discusses the activation cycle of voltage gated potassium (K+) channels and is a follow up to a previous video I composed on the activation cycle of voltage gated Na+ channels. Because K+ channels share a number of structural/functional similarities with Na+ channels, it would be a good idea to check out Na+ channel video first (unless you are already familiar with the functional/structural features of the voltage gated Na+ channel. Link:
Na+ Channel Activation Cycle -- https://youtu.be/dDVh25TtihA
published: 31 Dec 2019
-
Insulin Secretion
The pancreatic cell in a resting state (fasting blood glucose) is hyperpolarized. Glucose, entering via GLUT transporters (primarily GLUT1 in humans, GLUT2 in rodents), is metabolized and elevates cellular ATP, which inhibits. K+ entry through the KATP channel; the decreased K+ conductance results in depolarization, leading to Ca2+- dependent exocytosis of stored insulin. The KATP channel, actually a hetero-octamer composed of SUR1 and Kir 6.2 subunits, is the site of action of several classes of drugs: ATP binds to and inhibits Kir 6.2; sulfonylureas and meglitinides bind to and inhibit SUR1; all 3 agents thereby promote insulin secretion. Diazoxide and ADP-Mg2+ (low ATP) bind to and activate SUR1, thereby inhibiting insulin secretion. Incretins enhance insulin secretion.
For more updat...
published: 24 Jan 2017
-
Direct and Off-Target Effects of ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels Opener Diazoxide: A 2020 Update
Direct and Off-Target Effects of ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels Opener Diazoxide: A 2020 Update
Diazoxide (DZ) is a well known cardioprotective drug capable of mimicking ischemic preconditioning. Being primarilly a pharmacological opener of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels (mKATP channels), DZ is known to produce multiple side effects because of its interactions with different cellular targets (such as plasma membrane KATP channels, F0F1 ATP synthase, succinate dehydrogenase and others), capable of confounding an understanding of direct bioenergetic effects of mKATP channels opening in mitochondria. In this review direct and off-target effects of DZ were discussed. The emphasis was made on molecular basis of DZ interaction with KATP channels and different KATP channels iso...
published: 16 Apr 2021
-
ATP-sensitive potassium channel | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
ATP-sensitive potassium channel
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wiki...
published: 29 Oct 2018
-
M3 receptor inhibits ATP-sensitive K+ channels via Gq/11/PLC – Wang et al. (2018)
Dr. Yasuyuki Tanahashi in the Department of Animal Medical Sciences at Kyoto Sangyo University talks about the key results from their published paper. They found that M3 receptors inhibit the activity of ATP-sensitive K+ channels via a Gq/11/PLC-dependent, but PKC-independent, pathway. This muscarinic suppression of ATP-sensitive K+ channels contributes to membrane depolarization and contraction of smooth muscles. (Full article: https://www.physiology.org/doi/10.1152/ajpgi.00069.2018)
published: 25 Oct 2018
-
Frances Ashcroft (Oxford) 2: ATP-sensitive potassium channels & neonatal diabetes
https://www.ibiology.org/human-disease/neonatal-diabetes/#part-2
Frances Ashcroft and her colleagues have identified mutations in a potassium channel as the cause of neonatal diabetes. Their discovery vastly improved treatment for patients.
Talk Overview:
Diabetes is a devastating disease which takes an enormous toll on both human life and healthcare spending worldwide. Dr. Frances Ashcroft begins her talk by explaining that blood glucose must be controlled within narrow limits. In a healthy person, insulin is released from the pancreatic beta cells in response to a rise in blood sugar, which stimulates the uptake of glucose into muscle, liver and fat and so restores the blood glucose to its resting level. Diabetes occurs when the beta cells do not release enough insulin, resulting in ...
published: 17 Jan 2018
2:54
Acute inhibition of ATP-sensitive K+ channels
This video titled 'Acute inhibition of ATP-sensitive K+ channels impairs skeletal muscle vascular control in rats during treadmill exercise' was created by our ...
This video titled 'Acute inhibition of ATP-sensitive K+ channels impairs skeletal muscle vascular control in rats during treadmill exercise' was created by our LetPub team and published for the American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulation Physiology. https://www.letpub.com/index.php?page=video_abstract
https://wn.com/Acute_Inhibition_Of_Atp_Sensitive_K_Channels
This video titled 'Acute inhibition of ATP-sensitive K+ channels impairs skeletal muscle vascular control in rats during treadmill exercise' was created by our LetPub team and published for the American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulation Physiology. https://www.letpub.com/index.php?page=video_abstract
- published: 20 Nov 2019
- views: 628
19:12
K+ channels:- ATP-sensitive and O2 sensitive. #viveksirsphysiology #vsp
Hypoxia leads to vasodilation everywhere in the body, but causes vasoconstriction in the lung. How come same stimulus obtains different responses on different b...
Hypoxia leads to vasodilation everywhere in the body, but causes vasoconstriction in the lung. How come same stimulus obtains different responses on different blood vessels? Watch the video for the answer.
"Treasures & Secrets in Physiology"
Ready to Study , NEOCORTEX PHYSIOLOGY NOTES are LIVE NOW on Official Website :
https://www.physiologyguru.com/notes-2022
You can Purchase NOTES pdf with Ultra Shorts VIDEOS for better explanation by Author Dr. Vivek Nalgirkar
Get 75% off on Every Notes
Download First FREE Chapter :
NEOCORTEX PHYSIOLOGY NOTES - https://www.physiologyguru.com/notes-2022?store-page=NEOCORTEX-PHYSIOLOGY-NOTES-BLOOD-p444248656
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Website : https://www.physiologyguru.com "Treasures & Secrets in Physiology"
Ready to Study , NEOCORTEX PHYSIOLOGY NOTES are LIVE NOW on Official Website :
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You can Purchase NOTES pdf with Ultra Shorts VIDEOS for better explanation by Author Dr. Vivek Nalgirkar
Get 75% off on Every Notes
Download First FREE Chapter :
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Website : https://www.physiologyguru.com
#medicaleducation #medicalschool #medicine #medicaleducation #medicalstudents #medicalknowledge #medicalscience #medstudent #healtheducation #medical #anatomy #physiology #usmle #boardexam #nervoussystem #diagnosis #treatmentoptions #optometry #ophthalmology #neurology #eyeexam #reflexes #optometrystudent #studytechniques #learning #education #healthcare #optician #eyehealthy #nextexam #indianmedicalstudent #mcqdiscussion #viveksirsphysiology #physiologylectures #medschool #physiologyquiz #physiologytest #humanphysiology #cellphysiology #neurophysiology #cardiovascularphysiology #respiratoryphysiology #renalphysiology #endocrinephysiology #mbbs #nextexam #mcqdiscussion #medschool #cardiovascularphysiology
https://wn.com/K_Channels_Atp_Sensitive_And_O2_Sensitive._Viveksirsphysiology_Vsp
Hypoxia leads to vasodilation everywhere in the body, but causes vasoconstriction in the lung. How come same stimulus obtains different responses on different blood vessels? Watch the video for the answer.
"Treasures & Secrets in Physiology"
Ready to Study , NEOCORTEX PHYSIOLOGY NOTES are LIVE NOW on Official Website :
https://www.physiologyguru.com/notes-2022
You can Purchase NOTES pdf with Ultra Shorts VIDEOS for better explanation by Author Dr. Vivek Nalgirkar
Get 75% off on Every Notes
Download First FREE Chapter :
NEOCORTEX PHYSIOLOGY NOTES - https://www.physiologyguru.com/notes-2022?store-page=NEOCORTEX-PHYSIOLOGY-NOTES-BLOOD-p444248656
Also Follow us on social media :
Instagram link : https://www.instagram.com/vivek.sirs.physiology/
Facebook link : https://www.facebook.com/VivekSirsPhysiology
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Quora link : https://viveksirsphysiology.quora.com/?invite_code=78ZBTkPc8RBuWmhwtqD7
Website : https://www.physiologyguru.com "Treasures & Secrets in Physiology"
Ready to Study , NEOCORTEX PHYSIOLOGY NOTES are LIVE NOW on Official Website :
https://www.physiologyguru.com/notes-2022
You can Purchase NOTES pdf with Ultra Shorts VIDEOS for better explanation by Author Dr. Vivek Nalgirkar
Get 75% off on Every Notes
Download First FREE Chapter :
NEOCORTEX PHYSIOLOGY NOTES - https://www.physiologyguru.com/notes-2022?store-page=NEOCORTEX-PHYSIOLOGY-NOTES-BLOOD-p444248656
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Quora link : https://viveksirsphysiology.quora.com/?invite_code=78ZBTkPc8RBuWmhwtqD7
Website : https://www.physiologyguru.com
#medicaleducation #medicalschool #medicine #medicaleducation #medicalstudents #medicalknowledge #medicalscience #medstudent #healtheducation #medical #anatomy #physiology #usmle #boardexam #nervoussystem #diagnosis #treatmentoptions #optometry #ophthalmology #neurology #eyeexam #reflexes #optometrystudent #studytechniques #learning #education #healthcare #optician #eyehealthy #nextexam #indianmedicalstudent #mcqdiscussion #viveksirsphysiology #physiologylectures #medschool #physiologyquiz #physiologytest #humanphysiology #cellphysiology #neurophysiology #cardiovascularphysiology #respiratoryphysiology #renalphysiology #endocrinephysiology #mbbs #nextexam #mcqdiscussion #medschool #cardiovascularphysiology
- published: 02 May 2019
- views: 3278
3:47
Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels in Neurons
This video explains how voltage-gated sodium channels work in neurons, and how they influence the shape of an action potential graph.
Animation and voice-over ...
This video explains how voltage-gated sodium channels work in neurons, and how they influence the shape of an action potential graph.
Animation and voice-over by Laura Slusser.
https://wn.com/Voltage_Gated_Sodium_Channels_In_Neurons
This video explains how voltage-gated sodium channels work in neurons, and how they influence the shape of an action potential graph.
Animation and voice-over by Laura Slusser.
- published: 07 Sep 2020
- views: 134003
0:11
KATP channel (ATP-sensitive potassium channel) dynamics in real time
Cell attached patch-clamp recording of electrical current flowing through a single KATP ion channel from a pancreatic beta-cell at 20C in real time from my Labo...
Cell attached patch-clamp recording of electrical current flowing through a single KATP ion channel from a pancreatic beta-cell at 20C in real time from my Laboratory. Here we can observe the ionic (electrical) consequence of dynamics change in structure of single protein (complex) in real time-in the native environment of the cell membrane. The upward deflection is electrical current due to the flow of potassium ions through the ion channel as its molecular structure undergoes random flexion to allow the formation of an electrically conductive ionic pore across the cell membrane. This is similar to randomly switching an electrical light switch on and off, when on the light shines (electricity flow), when off it is dark these is no current.
https://wn.com/Katp_Channel_(Atp_Sensitive_Potassium_Channel)_Dynamics_In_Real_Time
Cell attached patch-clamp recording of electrical current flowing through a single KATP ion channel from a pancreatic beta-cell at 20C in real time from my Laboratory. Here we can observe the ionic (electrical) consequence of dynamics change in structure of single protein (complex) in real time-in the native environment of the cell membrane. The upward deflection is electrical current due to the flow of potassium ions through the ion channel as its molecular structure undergoes random flexion to allow the formation of an electrically conductive ionic pore across the cell membrane. This is similar to randomly switching an electrical light switch on and off, when on the light shines (electricity flow), when off it is dark these is no current.
- published: 24 Jul 2020
- views: 136
4:31
Activation Cycle of Voltage Gated Potassium Channels
This video discusses the activation cycle of voltage gated potassium (K+) channels and is a follow up to a previous video I composed on the activation cycle of...
This video discusses the activation cycle of voltage gated potassium (K+) channels and is a follow up to a previous video I composed on the activation cycle of voltage gated Na+ channels. Because K+ channels share a number of structural/functional similarities with Na+ channels, it would be a good idea to check out Na+ channel video first (unless you are already familiar with the functional/structural features of the voltage gated Na+ channel. Link:
Na+ Channel Activation Cycle -- https://youtu.be/dDVh25TtihA
https://wn.com/Activation_Cycle_Of_Voltage_Gated_Potassium_Channels
This video discusses the activation cycle of voltage gated potassium (K+) channels and is a follow up to a previous video I composed on the activation cycle of voltage gated Na+ channels. Because K+ channels share a number of structural/functional similarities with Na+ channels, it would be a good idea to check out Na+ channel video first (unless you are already familiar with the functional/structural features of the voltage gated Na+ channel. Link:
Na+ Channel Activation Cycle -- https://youtu.be/dDVh25TtihA
- published: 31 Dec 2019
- views: 26247
1:52
Insulin Secretion
The pancreatic cell in a resting state (fasting blood glucose) is hyperpolarized. Glucose, entering via GLUT transporters (primarily GLUT1 in humans, GLUT2 in ...
The pancreatic cell in a resting state (fasting blood glucose) is hyperpolarized. Glucose, entering via GLUT transporters (primarily GLUT1 in humans, GLUT2 in rodents), is metabolized and elevates cellular ATP, which inhibits. K+ entry through the KATP channel; the decreased K+ conductance results in depolarization, leading to Ca2+- dependent exocytosis of stored insulin. The KATP channel, actually a hetero-octamer composed of SUR1 and Kir 6.2 subunits, is the site of action of several classes of drugs: ATP binds to and inhibits Kir 6.2; sulfonylureas and meglitinides bind to and inhibit SUR1; all 3 agents thereby promote insulin secretion. Diazoxide and ADP-Mg2+ (low ATP) bind to and activate SUR1, thereby inhibiting insulin secretion. Incretins enhance insulin secretion.
For more updates & videos,
Subscribe www.pharmacologyupdate.com
https://wn.com/Insulin_Secretion
The pancreatic cell in a resting state (fasting blood glucose) is hyperpolarized. Glucose, entering via GLUT transporters (primarily GLUT1 in humans, GLUT2 in rodents), is metabolized and elevates cellular ATP, which inhibits. K+ entry through the KATP channel; the decreased K+ conductance results in depolarization, leading to Ca2+- dependent exocytosis of stored insulin. The KATP channel, actually a hetero-octamer composed of SUR1 and Kir 6.2 subunits, is the site of action of several classes of drugs: ATP binds to and inhibits Kir 6.2; sulfonylureas and meglitinides bind to and inhibit SUR1; all 3 agents thereby promote insulin secretion. Diazoxide and ADP-Mg2+ (low ATP) bind to and activate SUR1, thereby inhibiting insulin secretion. Incretins enhance insulin secretion.
For more updates & videos,
Subscribe www.pharmacologyupdate.com
- published: 24 Jan 2017
- views: 35635
2:05
Direct and Off-Target Effects of ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels Opener Diazoxide: A 2020 Update
Direct and Off-Target Effects of ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels Opener Diazoxide: A 2020 Update
Diazoxide (DZ) is a well known cardioprotective drug capable ...
Direct and Off-Target Effects of ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels Opener Diazoxide: A 2020 Update
Diazoxide (DZ) is a well known cardioprotective drug capable of mimicking ischemic preconditioning. Being primarilly a pharmacological opener of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels (mKATP channels), DZ is known to produce multiple side effects because of its interactions with different cellular targets (such as plasma membrane KATP channels, F0F1 ATP synthase, succinate dehydrogenase and others), capable of confounding an understanding of direct bioenergetic effects of mKATP channels opening in mitochondria. In this review direct and off-target effects of DZ were discussed. The emphasis was made on molecular basis of DZ interaction with KATP channels and different KATP channels isoforms sensitivity to this drug. The present knowledge on DZ interaction with mKATP channels is outlined as well as DZ interactions with other molecular targets affecting mitochondrial functions and bioenergetics. Conclusion was reached that high sensitivity of mKATP channel to DZ shown in our studies allows for avoiding off-target effects of this drug in studies on isolated mitochondria, which makes it a useful tool for an appraisal of diverse functional effects of mKATP channel opening.
#Diazoxide #KATP #channels #sulfonylurea #receptors #mitochondria #mKATP channels #potassium cycle #bioenergetics
Please see the book here
https://stm.bookpi.org/TIPR-V2/issue/view/55
https://wn.com/Direct_And_Off_Target_Effects_Of_Atp_Sensitive_Potassium_Channels_Opener_Diazoxide_A_2020_Update
Direct and Off-Target Effects of ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels Opener Diazoxide: A 2020 Update
Diazoxide (DZ) is a well known cardioprotective drug capable of mimicking ischemic preconditioning. Being primarilly a pharmacological opener of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels (mKATP channels), DZ is known to produce multiple side effects because of its interactions with different cellular targets (such as plasma membrane KATP channels, F0F1 ATP synthase, succinate dehydrogenase and others), capable of confounding an understanding of direct bioenergetic effects of mKATP channels opening in mitochondria. In this review direct and off-target effects of DZ were discussed. The emphasis was made on molecular basis of DZ interaction with KATP channels and different KATP channels isoforms sensitivity to this drug. The present knowledge on DZ interaction with mKATP channels is outlined as well as DZ interactions with other molecular targets affecting mitochondrial functions and bioenergetics. Conclusion was reached that high sensitivity of mKATP channel to DZ shown in our studies allows for avoiding off-target effects of this drug in studies on isolated mitochondria, which makes it a useful tool for an appraisal of diverse functional effects of mKATP channel opening.
#Diazoxide #KATP #channels #sulfonylurea #receptors #mitochondria #mKATP channels #potassium cycle #bioenergetics
Please see the book here
https://stm.bookpi.org/TIPR-V2/issue/view/55
- published: 16 Apr 2021
- views: 136
10:52
ATP-sensitive potassium channel | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
ATP-sensitive potassium channel
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Wr...
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
ATP-sensitive potassium channel
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
An ATP-sensitive potassium channel (or KATP channel) is a type of potassium channel that is gated by intracellular nucleotides, ATP and ADP. ATP-sensitive potassium channels are composed of Kir6.x-type subunits and sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) subunits, along with additional components. KATP channels are found in the plasma membrane; however some may also be found on subcellular membranes. These latter classes of KATP channels can be classified as being either sarcolemmal ("sarcKATP"), mitochondrial ("mitoKATP"), or nuclear ("nucKATP").
https://wn.com/Atp_Sensitive_Potassium_Channel_|_Wikipedia_Audio_Article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
ATP-sensitive potassium channel
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
An ATP-sensitive potassium channel (or KATP channel) is a type of potassium channel that is gated by intracellular nucleotides, ATP and ADP. ATP-sensitive potassium channels are composed of Kir6.x-type subunits and sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) subunits, along with additional components. KATP channels are found in the plasma membrane; however some may also be found on subcellular membranes. These latter classes of KATP channels can be classified as being either sarcolemmal ("sarcKATP"), mitochondrial ("mitoKATP"), or nuclear ("nucKATP").
- published: 29 Oct 2018
- views: 119
3:54
M3 receptor inhibits ATP-sensitive K+ channels via Gq/11/PLC – Wang et al. (2018)
Dr. Yasuyuki Tanahashi in the Department of Animal Medical Sciences at Kyoto Sangyo University talks about the key results from their published paper. They foun...
Dr. Yasuyuki Tanahashi in the Department of Animal Medical Sciences at Kyoto Sangyo University talks about the key results from their published paper. They found that M3 receptors inhibit the activity of ATP-sensitive K+ channels via a Gq/11/PLC-dependent, but PKC-independent, pathway. This muscarinic suppression of ATP-sensitive K+ channels contributes to membrane depolarization and contraction of smooth muscles. (Full article: https://www.physiology.org/doi/10.1152/ajpgi.00069.2018)
https://wn.com/M3_Receptor_Inhibits_Atp_Sensitive_K_Channels_Via_Gq_11_Plc_–_Wang_Et_Al._(2018)
Dr. Yasuyuki Tanahashi in the Department of Animal Medical Sciences at Kyoto Sangyo University talks about the key results from their published paper. They found that M3 receptors inhibit the activity of ATP-sensitive K+ channels via a Gq/11/PLC-dependent, but PKC-independent, pathway. This muscarinic suppression of ATP-sensitive K+ channels contributes to membrane depolarization and contraction of smooth muscles. (Full article: https://www.physiology.org/doi/10.1152/ajpgi.00069.2018)
- published: 25 Oct 2018
- views: 328
29:28
Frances Ashcroft (Oxford) 2: ATP-sensitive potassium channels & neonatal diabetes
https://www.ibiology.org/human-disease/neonatal-diabetes/#part-2
Frances Ashcroft and her colleagues have identified mutations in a potassium channel as the ca...
https://www.ibiology.org/human-disease/neonatal-diabetes/#part-2
Frances Ashcroft and her colleagues have identified mutations in a potassium channel as the cause of neonatal diabetes. Their discovery vastly improved treatment for patients.
Talk Overview:
Diabetes is a devastating disease which takes an enormous toll on both human life and healthcare spending worldwide. Dr. Frances Ashcroft begins her talk by explaining that blood glucose must be controlled within narrow limits. In a healthy person, insulin is released from the pancreatic beta cells in response to a rise in blood sugar, which stimulates the uptake of glucose into muscle, liver and fat and so restores the blood glucose to its resting level. Diabetes occurs when the beta cells do not release enough insulin, resulting in chronically high blood sugar levels. There are several types of diabetes: type 1 occurs because the beta cells are damaged by autoimmune attack; type 2, the most common form, is usually due to a combination of insulin resistance and decreased insulin secretion and is exacerbated by obesity and age; monogenic diabetes results from a mutation in a single gene. Neonatal diabetes is a rare monogenic form of diabetes that presents at, or shortly after, birth. Ashcroft explains that in 1984, she and her colleagues found that the function of an ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP channel) in the plasma membrane of pancreatic beta cells is critical for linking increased blood glucose levels to insulin secretion. They postulated that a mutation that caused the KATP channel to be permanently open would impair insulin release. Twenty years later, these mutations were identified and shown to be the cause of neonatal diabetes.
In her second lecture, Ashcroft expands on what is known about the KATP channel and its role in insulin secretion. It is an octomeric complex composed of 4 Kir6.2 subunits and 4 SUR1 subunits. ATP binds to both proteins, and changes in metabolically generated ATP couple metabolism to KATP channel activity. Functional studies showed that the KATP channel mutations found in neonatal diabetes impair the ability of ATP to close the channel and stimulate insulin release. This suggested that drugs that could directly close the KATP channel would stimulate insulin release and might be a good therapy for neonatal diabetes. Sulfonylurea drugs were already known to directly close the KATP channel and have been safely used to treat type 2 diabetes for many years. Based on this knowledge, many patients with neonatal diabetes have now switched from insulin injections to oral sulfonylurea drugs. This has resulted in much better glucose control. Ashcroft goes on to explain how insights from studying neonatal diabetes have also led to a better understanding of the impact of chronic hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes.
Speaker Biography:
Professor Dame Frances Ashcroft is the GlaxoSmithKline Royal Society Research Professor in the Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, and a Fellow of Trinity College, at the University of Oxford.
Ashcroft received her BA and PhD degrees from Cambridge University and was a post-doctoral fellow at Leicester University and the University of California, Los Angeles. When she set up her own lab at Oxford, Ashcroft began to study how a rise in blood sugar levels leads to the release of insulin from the pancreatic beta cells, and what goes wrong with this process in diabetes. Ashcroft’s more recent research has focused on neonatal diabetes, a rare genetic form of the disease that typically develops soon after birth. Together with her colleagues, she has shown that mutations in an ATP-sensitive potassium channel in the plasma membrane are responsible for this disease. Understanding the mechanism of action of this potassium channel has allowed many patients to switch from insulin injections to oral drug therapy. In addition, insights gained from the study of neonatal diabetes have implications for the understanding and treatment of type 2 diabetes, a much more common disease.
Ashcroft was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1999 and in 2012 she was the European Laureate for the L’Oréal-UNESCO Women in Science Award. Learn more about Ashcroft’s research here:
https://www.dpag.ox.ac.uk/team/frances-ashcroft
https://wn.com/Frances_Ashcroft_(Oxford)_2_Atp_Sensitive_Potassium_Channels_Neonatal_Diabetes
https://www.ibiology.org/human-disease/neonatal-diabetes/#part-2
Frances Ashcroft and her colleagues have identified mutations in a potassium channel as the cause of neonatal diabetes. Their discovery vastly improved treatment for patients.
Talk Overview:
Diabetes is a devastating disease which takes an enormous toll on both human life and healthcare spending worldwide. Dr. Frances Ashcroft begins her talk by explaining that blood glucose must be controlled within narrow limits. In a healthy person, insulin is released from the pancreatic beta cells in response to a rise in blood sugar, which stimulates the uptake of glucose into muscle, liver and fat and so restores the blood glucose to its resting level. Diabetes occurs when the beta cells do not release enough insulin, resulting in chronically high blood sugar levels. There are several types of diabetes: type 1 occurs because the beta cells are damaged by autoimmune attack; type 2, the most common form, is usually due to a combination of insulin resistance and decreased insulin secretion and is exacerbated by obesity and age; monogenic diabetes results from a mutation in a single gene. Neonatal diabetes is a rare monogenic form of diabetes that presents at, or shortly after, birth. Ashcroft explains that in 1984, she and her colleagues found that the function of an ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP channel) in the plasma membrane of pancreatic beta cells is critical for linking increased blood glucose levels to insulin secretion. They postulated that a mutation that caused the KATP channel to be permanently open would impair insulin release. Twenty years later, these mutations were identified and shown to be the cause of neonatal diabetes.
In her second lecture, Ashcroft expands on what is known about the KATP channel and its role in insulin secretion. It is an octomeric complex composed of 4 Kir6.2 subunits and 4 SUR1 subunits. ATP binds to both proteins, and changes in metabolically generated ATP couple metabolism to KATP channel activity. Functional studies showed that the KATP channel mutations found in neonatal diabetes impair the ability of ATP to close the channel and stimulate insulin release. This suggested that drugs that could directly close the KATP channel would stimulate insulin release and might be a good therapy for neonatal diabetes. Sulfonylurea drugs were already known to directly close the KATP channel and have been safely used to treat type 2 diabetes for many years. Based on this knowledge, many patients with neonatal diabetes have now switched from insulin injections to oral sulfonylurea drugs. This has resulted in much better glucose control. Ashcroft goes on to explain how insights from studying neonatal diabetes have also led to a better understanding of the impact of chronic hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes.
Speaker Biography:
Professor Dame Frances Ashcroft is the GlaxoSmithKline Royal Society Research Professor in the Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, and a Fellow of Trinity College, at the University of Oxford.
Ashcroft received her BA and PhD degrees from Cambridge University and was a post-doctoral fellow at Leicester University and the University of California, Los Angeles. When she set up her own lab at Oxford, Ashcroft began to study how a rise in blood sugar levels leads to the release of insulin from the pancreatic beta cells, and what goes wrong with this process in diabetes. Ashcroft’s more recent research has focused on neonatal diabetes, a rare genetic form of the disease that typically develops soon after birth. Together with her colleagues, she has shown that mutations in an ATP-sensitive potassium channel in the plasma membrane are responsible for this disease. Understanding the mechanism of action of this potassium channel has allowed many patients to switch from insulin injections to oral drug therapy. In addition, insights gained from the study of neonatal diabetes have implications for the understanding and treatment of type 2 diabetes, a much more common disease.
Ashcroft was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1999 and in 2012 she was the European Laureate for the L’Oréal-UNESCO Women in Science Award. Learn more about Ashcroft’s research here:
https://www.dpag.ox.ac.uk/team/frances-ashcroft
- published: 17 Jan 2018
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