The 21st Kohat Mountain Battery (Frontier Force) was an artillery unit of the British Indian Army. It was raised in 1851 as the No. 2 Horse or Punjab Light Field Battery, Punjab Irregular Force. It became the 21st Kohat Mountain Battery (Frontier Force) in 1903. In 1947, it was transferred to the Pakistan Army, where it exists as the 2nd Royal Kohat Battery (Frontier Force) of The First (SP) Medium Regiment Artillery (Frontier Force).
History
The 21st Kohat Mountain Battery was raised at Bannu by Lieutenant H Hammond on 1 February 1851 from horse artillery detachments of the Lahore Durbar, as part of the Punjab Irregular Force (Piffer). The Piffers were a collection of regular units accreted for expeditionary operations in the Punjab Frontier and Afghanistan. 21st Kohat Mountain Battery was the first unit to be formally raised as a permanent part of the Punjab Irregular Force, later designated as the Punjab Frontier Force. Is the senior most unit of the Frontier Force Regiment. After 1903 reforms, the Punjab Frontier Force began to ceased to be an expeditionary force and incorporated permanent units.
Kohat (Pashto:کوهاټ), (Urdu:کوہاٹ), is a city in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is the capital of the Kohat District. The town centers on a British-era fort, various bazaars and a military cantonment. A British-built narrow gauge railway line runs through the town.
Geography
Kohat city is located at an altitude of 489 metres (1,604ft).Kohat Pass lies to the north. It is situated on the left bank of the Toi river at a point where after running nearly due east for 50 miles (80km), it turns to the south. The total area of the district is 2,545 square kilometres (983sqmi)
Tanda Wildlife Park
Tanda Wildlife Park is located near Kohat city. The total area of the park is 2800 acres, consisting of Tanda reservoir and its catchments in Kohat. This is the largest wildlife park of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa . Its wonderfully rich and varied landscape supports a range of mammals and birds, both migratory and indigenous, as well as a few reptiles.
The park is bounded by three different villages, Bar, Kaghazi, and Tanda Banda. The park is approachable by Hangu-kaghazi metallic road, shahpur-Bar road which is 18km from Kohat.
District Kohat has 2 Tehsils i.e. Kohat and Lachi. Each Tehsil comprises certain numbers of Union council. There are 27 union councils in district Kohat.
District Kohat has 2 Tehsils i.e. Kohat and Lachi. Each Tehsil comprises certain numbers of Union council. There are 27 union councils in district Kohat.
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Third Anglo-Afghan War
00:00:40 1 Background
00:05:20 2 Opposing forces
00:10:59 3 Course of the war
00:22:13 4 Importance of British airpower
00:24:18 5 Outcome
00:27:47 6 Battle honours
00:30:03 7 See also
00:30:26 8 Notes
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playi...
published: 17 Dec 2018
Indian Army during World War II | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Army_during_World_War_II
00:01:58 1 Background
00:03:19 2 Organization
00:06:15 2.1 1940
00:07:00 2.2 1941
00:07:39 2.3 1942
00:09:29 2.4 1943
00:11:18 2.5 1944
00:12:17 2.6 Infantry divisions
00:15:16 2.7 Armoured divisions
00:16:50 2.8 Airborne troops
00:18:15 2.9 Artillery
00:19:06 2.10 Engineers
00:19:41 2.11 Women's Auxiliary Corps
00:20:42 2.12 Indian States Forces
00:21:18 2.13 Chindits
00:22:41 3 Armies
00:22:55 3.1 Eighth
00:23:32 3.2 Ninth
00:24:05 3.3 Tenth
00:24:46 3.4 Twelfth
00:25:13 3.5 Fourteenth
00:26:16 3.6 Southern
00:26:46 3.7 North Western
00:27:09 4 Middle East and Africa
00:27:19 4.1 North Africa
00:31:29 4.2 East Africa
00:32:47 4.3 Iraq and Persia
00:34:49 4.4 Syria and Le...
published: 16 May 2019
Firepower History Seminar - Gallipoli, 7th Indian Mountain Artillery Brigade
The Royal Australian Artillery Historical Company in association with the University of New South Wales, Canberra present “Firepower, Lessons from the Great War Seminar Series”. Seminar One held in Canberra in May 2015 is focused on Gallipoli: The Anzac Landing. Seminar One had five presentations on sub themes and a plenary session. Presentation 5 is titled 7th Indian Mountain Artillery Brigade and the speaker is BRIG Muhammad Asghar, Defence Adviser, High Commission for Pakistan, Canberra.
published: 17 Jun 2015
Third Anglo-Afghan War
The Third Anglo-Afghan War, also referred to as the Third Afghan War, began on 6 May 1919 and ended with an armistice on 8 August 1919, and ended in an Afghan victory according to some authors. It was a minor tactical victory for the British. For the British, the Durand Line was reaffirmed as the political boundary between the Emirate of Afghanistan and British India and the Afghans agreed not to foment trouble on the British side. In the aftermath, the Afghans were able to resume the right to conduct their own foreign affairs as a fully independent state.
This video is targeted to blind users.
Attribution:
Article text available under CC-BY-SA
Creative Commons image source in video
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Third Anglo-Afghan War
00:00:40 1 Background
00:05:20 2 Opposing forces
00:10:59 3 Course of the war
00...
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Third Anglo-Afghan War
00:00:40 1 Background
00:05:20 2 Opposing forces
00:10:59 3 Course of the war
00:22:13 4 Importance of British airpower
00:24:18 5 Outcome
00:27:47 6 Battle honours
00:30:03 7 See also
00:30:26 8 Notes
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Third Anglo-Afghan War (Pashto: د افغان-انګرېز درېمه جګړه), also referred to as the Third Afghan War, began on 6 May 1919 when the Emirate of Afghanistan invaded British India and ended with an armistice on 8 August 1919. The war resulted in the Afghans winning back control of foreign affairs from Britain, and the British recognising Afghanistan as independent. According to British author Michael Barthorp, it was also a minor strategic victory for the British because the Durand Line was reaffirmed as the political boundary between Afghanistan and the British Raj, and the Afghans agreed not to foment trouble on the British side.
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Third Anglo-Afghan War
00:00:40 1 Background
00:05:20 2 Opposing forces
00:10:59 3 Course of the war
00:22:13 4 Importance of British airpower
00:24:18 5 Outcome
00:27:47 6 Battle honours
00:30:03 7 See also
00:30:26 8 Notes
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Third Anglo-Afghan War (Pashto: د افغان-انګرېز درېمه جګړه), also referred to as the Third Afghan War, began on 6 May 1919 when the Emirate of Afghanistan invaded British India and ended with an armistice on 8 August 1919. The war resulted in the Afghans winning back control of foreign affairs from Britain, and the British recognising Afghanistan as independent. According to British author Michael Barthorp, it was also a minor strategic victory for the British because the Durand Line was reaffirmed as the political boundary between Afghanistan and the British Raj, and the Afghans agreed not to foment trouble on the British side.
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Army_during_World_War_II
00:01:58 1 Background
00:03:19 2 Organiza...
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Army_during_World_War_II
00:01:58 1 Background
00:03:19 2 Organization
00:06:15 2.1 1940
00:07:00 2.2 1941
00:07:39 2.3 1942
00:09:29 2.4 1943
00:11:18 2.5 1944
00:12:17 2.6 Infantry divisions
00:15:16 2.7 Armoured divisions
00:16:50 2.8 Airborne troops
00:18:15 2.9 Artillery
00:19:06 2.10 Engineers
00:19:41 2.11 Women's Auxiliary Corps
00:20:42 2.12 Indian States Forces
00:21:18 2.13 Chindits
00:22:41 3 Armies
00:22:55 3.1 Eighth
00:23:32 3.2 Ninth
00:24:05 3.3 Tenth
00:24:46 3.4 Twelfth
00:25:13 3.5 Fourteenth
00:26:16 3.6 Southern
00:26:46 3.7 North Western
00:27:09 4 Middle East and Africa
00:27:19 4.1 North Africa
00:31:29 4.2 East Africa
00:32:47 4.3 Iraq and Persia
00:34:49 4.4 Syria and Lebanon
00:35:28 5 South-East Asia
00:35:38 5.1 Hong Kong
00:36:07 5.2 Malaya
00:37:30 5.3 Singapore
00:38:02 5.4 Borneo
00:39:26 6 Burma
00:39:59 6.1 Japanese conquest of Burma
00:41:52 6.2 Burma Campaign 1943
00:43:22 6.3 Burma Campaign 1944
00:45:56 6.4 Burma Campaign 1945
00:47:49 6.5 Return to Malaya and Singapore
00:49:10 6.6 Post-Japanese surrender
00:49:59 7 Europe
00:50:08 7.1 France
00:50:41 7.2 Italy
00:53:04 7.3 Greece
00:54:27 8 India
00:55:21 9 Victoria Cross
00:56:13 9.1 East African campaign awards
00:57:13 9.2 Malayan campaign awards
00:58:06 9.3 Tunisian campaign awards
00:59:18 9.4 Burma campaign awards
01:15:15 9.5 Italian campaign awards
01:19:13 10 George Cross
01:23:08 11 Aftermath
01:26:31 12 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
Speaking Rate: 0.9678489372281489
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-D
"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
For other periods, see British Indian Army
For Indians fighting with Imperial Japan, see Indian National Army
For Indians fighting with Nazi Germany, see Indian Legion
The British Indian Army during World War II began the war, in 1939, numbering just under 200,000 men. By the end of the war, it had become the largest volunteer army in history, rising to over 2.5 million men in August 1945. Serving in divisions of infantry, armour and a fledgling airborne force, they fought on three continents in Africa, Europe and Asia.The British Indian Army fought in Ethiopia against the Italian Army, in Egypt, Libya, Tunisia and Algeria against both the Italian and German Army, and, after the Italian surrender, against the German Army in Italy. However, the bulk of the Indian Army was committed to fighting the Japanese Army, first during the British defeats in Malaya and the retreat from Burma to the Indian border; later, after resting and refitting for the victorious advance back into Burma, as part of the largest British Empire army ever formed. These campaigns cost the lives of over 87,000 Indian servicemen, while another 34,354 were wounded, and 67,340 became prisoners of war. Their valour was recognised with the award of some 4,000 decorations, and 18 members of the Indian Army were awarded the Victoria Cross or the George Cross. Field Marshal Claude Auchinleck, Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Army from 1942, asserted that the British "couldn't have come through both wars (World War I and II) if they hadn't had the Indian Army." British Prime Minister Winston Churchill also paid tribute to "The unsurpassed bravery of Indian soldiers and officers."
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Army_during_World_War_II
00:01:58 1 Background
00:03:19 2 Organization
00:06:15 2.1 1940
00:07:00 2.2 1941
00:07:39 2.3 1942
00:09:29 2.4 1943
00:11:18 2.5 1944
00:12:17 2.6 Infantry divisions
00:15:16 2.7 Armoured divisions
00:16:50 2.8 Airborne troops
00:18:15 2.9 Artillery
00:19:06 2.10 Engineers
00:19:41 2.11 Women's Auxiliary Corps
00:20:42 2.12 Indian States Forces
00:21:18 2.13 Chindits
00:22:41 3 Armies
00:22:55 3.1 Eighth
00:23:32 3.2 Ninth
00:24:05 3.3 Tenth
00:24:46 3.4 Twelfth
00:25:13 3.5 Fourteenth
00:26:16 3.6 Southern
00:26:46 3.7 North Western
00:27:09 4 Middle East and Africa
00:27:19 4.1 North Africa
00:31:29 4.2 East Africa
00:32:47 4.3 Iraq and Persia
00:34:49 4.4 Syria and Lebanon
00:35:28 5 South-East Asia
00:35:38 5.1 Hong Kong
00:36:07 5.2 Malaya
00:37:30 5.3 Singapore
00:38:02 5.4 Borneo
00:39:26 6 Burma
00:39:59 6.1 Japanese conquest of Burma
00:41:52 6.2 Burma Campaign 1943
00:43:22 6.3 Burma Campaign 1944
00:45:56 6.4 Burma Campaign 1945
00:47:49 6.5 Return to Malaya and Singapore
00:49:10 6.6 Post-Japanese surrender
00:49:59 7 Europe
00:50:08 7.1 France
00:50:41 7.2 Italy
00:53:04 7.3 Greece
00:54:27 8 India
00:55:21 9 Victoria Cross
00:56:13 9.1 East African campaign awards
00:57:13 9.2 Malayan campaign awards
00:58:06 9.3 Tunisian campaign awards
00:59:18 9.4 Burma campaign awards
01:15:15 9.5 Italian campaign awards
01:19:13 10 George Cross
01:23:08 11 Aftermath
01:26:31 12 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
Speaking Rate: 0.9678489372281489
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-D
"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
For other periods, see British Indian Army
For Indians fighting with Imperial Japan, see Indian National Army
For Indians fighting with Nazi Germany, see Indian Legion
The British Indian Army during World War II began the war, in 1939, numbering just under 200,000 men. By the end of the war, it had become the largest volunteer army in history, rising to over 2.5 million men in August 1945. Serving in divisions of infantry, armour and a fledgling airborne force, they fought on three continents in Africa, Europe and Asia.The British Indian Army fought in Ethiopia against the Italian Army, in Egypt, Libya, Tunisia and Algeria against both the Italian and German Army, and, after the Italian surrender, against the German Army in Italy. However, the bulk of the Indian Army was committed to fighting the Japanese Army, first during the British defeats in Malaya and the retreat from Burma to the Indian border; later, after resting and refitting for the victorious advance back into Burma, as part of the largest British Empire army ever formed. These campaigns cost the lives of over 87,000 Indian servicemen, while another 34,354 were wounded, and 67,340 became prisoners of war. Their valour was recognised with the award of some 4,000 decorations, and 18 members of the Indian Army were awarded the Victoria Cross or the George Cross. Field Marshal Claude Auchinleck, Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Army from 1942, asserted that the British "couldn't have come through both wars (World War I and II) if they hadn't had the Indian Army." British Prime Minister Winston Churchill also paid tribute to "The unsurpassed bravery of Indian soldiers and officers."
The Royal Australian Artillery Historical Company in association with the University of New South Wales, Canberra present “Firepower, Lessons from the Great War...
The Royal Australian Artillery Historical Company in association with the University of New South Wales, Canberra present “Firepower, Lessons from the Great War Seminar Series”. Seminar One held in Canberra in May 2015 is focused on Gallipoli: The Anzac Landing. Seminar One had five presentations on sub themes and a plenary session. Presentation 5 is titled 7th Indian Mountain Artillery Brigade and the speaker is BRIG Muhammad Asghar, Defence Adviser, High Commission for Pakistan, Canberra.
The Royal Australian Artillery Historical Company in association with the University of New South Wales, Canberra present “Firepower, Lessons from the Great War Seminar Series”. Seminar One held in Canberra in May 2015 is focused on Gallipoli: The Anzac Landing. Seminar One had five presentations on sub themes and a plenary session. Presentation 5 is titled 7th Indian Mountain Artillery Brigade and the speaker is BRIG Muhammad Asghar, Defence Adviser, High Commission for Pakistan, Canberra.
The Third Anglo-Afghan War, also referred to as the Third Afghan War, began on 6 May 1919 and ended with an armistice on 8 August 1919, and ended in an Afghan v...
The Third Anglo-Afghan War, also referred to as the Third Afghan War, began on 6 May 1919 and ended with an armistice on 8 August 1919, and ended in an Afghan victory according to some authors. It was a minor tactical victory for the British. For the British, the Durand Line was reaffirmed as the political boundary between the Emirate of Afghanistan and British India and the Afghans agreed not to foment trouble on the British side. In the aftermath, the Afghans were able to resume the right to conduct their own foreign affairs as a fully independent state.
This video is targeted to blind users.
Attribution:
Article text available under CC-BY-SA
Creative Commons image source in video
The Third Anglo-Afghan War, also referred to as the Third Afghan War, began on 6 May 1919 and ended with an armistice on 8 August 1919, and ended in an Afghan victory according to some authors. It was a minor tactical victory for the British. For the British, the Durand Line was reaffirmed as the political boundary between the Emirate of Afghanistan and British India and the Afghans agreed not to foment trouble on the British side. In the aftermath, the Afghans were able to resume the right to conduct their own foreign affairs as a fully independent state.
This video is targeted to blind users.
Attribution:
Article text available under CC-BY-SA
Creative Commons image source in video
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Third Anglo-Afghan War
00:00:40 1 Background
00:05:20 2 Opposing forces
00:10:59 3 Course of the war
00:22:13 4 Importance of British airpower
00:24:18 5 Outcome
00:27:47 6 Battle honours
00:30:03 7 See also
00:30:26 8 Notes
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Third Anglo-Afghan War (Pashto: د افغان-انګرېز درېمه جګړه), also referred to as the Third Afghan War, began on 6 May 1919 when the Emirate of Afghanistan invaded British India and ended with an armistice on 8 August 1919. The war resulted in the Afghans winning back control of foreign affairs from Britain, and the British recognising Afghanistan as independent. According to British author Michael Barthorp, it was also a minor strategic victory for the British because the Durand Line was reaffirmed as the political boundary between Afghanistan and the British Raj, and the Afghans agreed not to foment trouble on the British side.
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Army_during_World_War_II
00:01:58 1 Background
00:03:19 2 Organization
00:06:15 2.1 1940
00:07:00 2.2 1941
00:07:39 2.3 1942
00:09:29 2.4 1943
00:11:18 2.5 1944
00:12:17 2.6 Infantry divisions
00:15:16 2.7 Armoured divisions
00:16:50 2.8 Airborne troops
00:18:15 2.9 Artillery
00:19:06 2.10 Engineers
00:19:41 2.11 Women's Auxiliary Corps
00:20:42 2.12 Indian States Forces
00:21:18 2.13 Chindits
00:22:41 3 Armies
00:22:55 3.1 Eighth
00:23:32 3.2 Ninth
00:24:05 3.3 Tenth
00:24:46 3.4 Twelfth
00:25:13 3.5 Fourteenth
00:26:16 3.6 Southern
00:26:46 3.7 North Western
00:27:09 4 Middle East and Africa
00:27:19 4.1 North Africa
00:31:29 4.2 East Africa
00:32:47 4.3 Iraq and Persia
00:34:49 4.4 Syria and Lebanon
00:35:28 5 South-East Asia
00:35:38 5.1 Hong Kong
00:36:07 5.2 Malaya
00:37:30 5.3 Singapore
00:38:02 5.4 Borneo
00:39:26 6 Burma
00:39:59 6.1 Japanese conquest of Burma
00:41:52 6.2 Burma Campaign 1943
00:43:22 6.3 Burma Campaign 1944
00:45:56 6.4 Burma Campaign 1945
00:47:49 6.5 Return to Malaya and Singapore
00:49:10 6.6 Post-Japanese surrender
00:49:59 7 Europe
00:50:08 7.1 France
00:50:41 7.2 Italy
00:53:04 7.3 Greece
00:54:27 8 India
00:55:21 9 Victoria Cross
00:56:13 9.1 East African campaign awards
00:57:13 9.2 Malayan campaign awards
00:58:06 9.3 Tunisian campaign awards
00:59:18 9.4 Burma campaign awards
01:15:15 9.5 Italian campaign awards
01:19:13 10 George Cross
01:23:08 11 Aftermath
01:26:31 12 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
Speaking Rate: 0.9678489372281489
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-D
"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
For other periods, see British Indian Army
For Indians fighting with Imperial Japan, see Indian National Army
For Indians fighting with Nazi Germany, see Indian Legion
The British Indian Army during World War II began the war, in 1939, numbering just under 200,000 men. By the end of the war, it had become the largest volunteer army in history, rising to over 2.5 million men in August 1945. Serving in divisions of infantry, armour and a fledgling airborne force, they fought on three continents in Africa, Europe and Asia.The British Indian Army fought in Ethiopia against the Italian Army, in Egypt, Libya, Tunisia and Algeria against both the Italian and German Army, and, after the Italian surrender, against the German Army in Italy. However, the bulk of the Indian Army was committed to fighting the Japanese Army, first during the British defeats in Malaya and the retreat from Burma to the Indian border; later, after resting and refitting for the victorious advance back into Burma, as part of the largest British Empire army ever formed. These campaigns cost the lives of over 87,000 Indian servicemen, while another 34,354 were wounded, and 67,340 became prisoners of war. Their valour was recognised with the award of some 4,000 decorations, and 18 members of the Indian Army were awarded the Victoria Cross or the George Cross. Field Marshal Claude Auchinleck, Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Army from 1942, asserted that the British "couldn't have come through both wars (World War I and II) if they hadn't had the Indian Army." British Prime Minister Winston Churchill also paid tribute to "The unsurpassed bravery of Indian soldiers and officers."
The Royal Australian Artillery Historical Company in association with the University of New South Wales, Canberra present “Firepower, Lessons from the Great War Seminar Series”. Seminar One held in Canberra in May 2015 is focused on Gallipoli: The Anzac Landing. Seminar One had five presentations on sub themes and a plenary session. Presentation 5 is titled 7th Indian Mountain Artillery Brigade and the speaker is BRIG Muhammad Asghar, Defence Adviser, High Commission for Pakistan, Canberra.
The Third Anglo-Afghan War, also referred to as the Third Afghan War, began on 6 May 1919 and ended with an armistice on 8 August 1919, and ended in an Afghan victory according to some authors. It was a minor tactical victory for the British. For the British, the Durand Line was reaffirmed as the political boundary between the Emirate of Afghanistan and British India and the Afghans agreed not to foment trouble on the British side. In the aftermath, the Afghans were able to resume the right to conduct their own foreign affairs as a fully independent state.
This video is targeted to blind users.
Attribution:
Article text available under CC-BY-SA
Creative Commons image source in video
The 21st Kohat Mountain Battery (Frontier Force) was an artillery unit of the British Indian Army. It was raised in 1851 as the No. 2 Horse or Punjab Light Field Battery, Punjab Irregular Force. It became the 21st Kohat Mountain Battery (Frontier Force) in 1903. In 1947, it was transferred to the Pakistan Army, where it exists as the 2nd Royal Kohat Battery (Frontier Force) of The First (SP) Medium Regiment Artillery (Frontier Force).
History
The 21st Kohat Mountain Battery was raised at Bannu by Lieutenant H Hammond on 1 February 1851 from horse artillery detachments of the Lahore Durbar, as part of the Punjab Irregular Force (Piffer). The Piffers were a collection of regular units accreted for expeditionary operations in the Punjab Frontier and Afghanistan. 21st Kohat Mountain Battery was the first unit to be formally raised as a permanent part of the Punjab Irregular Force, later designated as the Punjab Frontier Force. Is the senior most unit of the Frontier Force Regiment. After 1903 reforms, the Punjab Frontier Force began to ceased to be an expeditionary force and incorporated permanent units.