Ugrians

Historically, the Ugrians^[1]^[2] or Ugors were the ancestors of the Khanty and Mansi people of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug of Russia. The name is sometimes also used in a modern context as a cover term for these two peoples, formerly called "Ugrian Finns".^[3]

Modern languages

Although the Khanty and Mansi are closely related ethnographically, their languages are not particularly close. It is commonly posited that their languages are related to each other (as the Ob-Ugric languages) and also to the language of the Magyars of Hungary (together forming the Ugric language family). While all three of these languages are clearly members of the greater Uralic language family, the linguistic reconstruction work needed to prove that they are closer to each other than to other Uralic languages has never been adequately done, and in recent decades a more agnostic position has been taken by many linguists. (See the Classification of Uralic languages.)^[4]

References

^ Balzer, Marjorie Mandelstam (1999). The tenacity of ethnicity : a Siberian saga in global perspective. Princeton University Press. pp. 29–31. ISBN 978-0-691-00674-1.
^ Kálmán, Béla (1988). "The history of Ob-Ugric languages". In Denis Sinor (ed.). The Uralic Languages: Description, History and Foreign Influences. Handbuch Der Orientalistik (Abt. 8, Vol. I). Leiden: BRILL. pp. 395–412. Thus the Ugrians had either to move north or to change nomadic animal breeding. The forefathers of the Ob-Ugrians proceeded northwards and reached the lower and middle reaches of the Ob. The Hungarians' ancestors however became animal breeders.
^ Baynes, T. S., ed. (1879). "Finland" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. IX (9th ed.). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 219. Ugrian Finns include the Voguls [...], the Ostyaks [...] and the Magyars of Hungary
^ Salminen, Tapani (2015). "Uralic (Finno-Ugrian) languages". Archived from the original on 10 January 2019.

[1] Balzer, Marjorie Mandelstam (1999). The tenacity of ethnicity : a Siberian saga in global perspective. Princeton University Press. pp. 29–31. ISBN 978-0-691-00674-1.

[2] Kálmán, Béla (1988). "The history of Ob-Ugric languages". In Denis Sinor (ed.). The Uralic Languages: Description, History and Foreign Influences. Handbuch Der Orientalistik (Abt. 8, Vol. I). Leiden: BRILL. pp. 395–412. Thus the Ugrians had either to move north or to change nomadic animal breeding. The forefathers of the Ob-Ugrians proceeded northwards and reached the lower and middle reaches of the Ob. The Hungarians' ancestors however became animal breeders.

[3] Baynes, T. S., ed. (1879). "Finland" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. IX (9th ed.). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 219. Ugrian Finns include the Voguls [...], the Ostyaks [...] and the Magyars of Hungary

[4] Salminen, Tapani (2015). "Uralic (Finno-Ugrian) languages". Archived from the original on 10 January 2019.

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[2]

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Modern languages

See also

References