Roglai language
| Roglai | |
|---|---|
| Region | Vietnam |
Native speakers | (97,000 cited 1999–2002)[1] |
Austronesian
| |
| Latin (modified Vietnamese alphabet) | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Variously:roc – Cacgiarog – Northernrgs – Southern |
| Glottolog | cacg1235 Cacgia Roglainort2994 Northern Roglaisout3010 Southern Roglai |
The Roglai language is a Chamic language of southern Vietnam, spoken by the Raglai people.
There are four Roglai dialects: Northern, Du Long, Southern, and Cac Gia.[2]
Their autonym is radlai, which means "forest people".
Phonology
[edit]Consonants
[edit]| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | c | k | ʔ |
| voiced | b | d | ɟ | ɡ | ||
| aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | cʰ | kʰ | ||
| breathy | bʱ | dʱ | ɟʱ | ɡʱ | ||
| implosive | ɓ | ɗ | ʄ | |||
| Fricative | s | h | ||||
| Rhotic | r | |||||
| Approximant | (w) | l | (j) | |||
Vowels
[edit]| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i ĩ | ɨ ɨ̃ | u ũ |
| Mid | e ẽ | ə ə̃ | o õ |
| Open | a ã |
- Sounds /e, o/ may also have more open variants as [ɛ, ɔ].[3]
- Glide sounds [j, w] may also occur as a result of vowel off-glides.[4]
Vocabulary
[edit]Mainland Chamic, Aceh and Malay comparative table:
| Lexeme | Proto-Chamic | Western Cham | Eastern Cham | Roglai | Aceh | Malay |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| one | *sa | /sa ha/ | /tha/ | /sa/ | sa | satu |
| seven | *tujuh | /taçuh/ | /taçŭh/ | /tijuh/ | tujôh | tujuh |
| fire | *ʔapuy | /pui/ | /apuy/ | /apui/ | apui | api |
| sky | *laŋit | /laŋiʔ/ | /laŋiʔ/ Lingik | /laŋĩ꞉ʔ/ | langèt | langit |
| rice (husked) | *bra꞉s | /prah/ | /prah-l/ | /bra/ | breueh | beras |
| iron | *bisεy | /pasay/ | /pithăy/ | /pisǝy/ | beusoe | besi |
| sugarcane | *tabɔw-v | /tapau/ | /tapăw/ | /tubəu/ | teubèe | tebu |
References
[edit]- ^ Cacgia at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Northern at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Southern at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) - ^ Cobbey, Maxwell; Cobbey, Vurnell (1977). Suraq vungã sanãp Radlai / Nữ-vựng Rơglai / Northern Roglai vocabulary. Huntington Beach, CA: Summer Institute of Linguistics.
- ^ Lee, Ernest Wilson (1966). Structure of Northern Roglai as a representative Chamic language. In Proto-Chamic Phonologic Word and Vocabulary: Bloomington: Indiana University. pp. 21–69.
- ^ Brunelle, Marc; Brown, Jeanne; Thu Hà, Phạm Thị (2022). Northern Raglai voicing and its relation to Southern Raglai register: evidence for early stages of registrogenesis. In Phonetica 79, Vol 2. pp. 151–188.
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