Maytenus

Maytenus
	Maytenus boaria, a tree of temperate climates
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Celastrales
Family:	Celastraceae
Genus:	Maytenus; Molina (1782)
Type species
	Maytenus boaria; Molina (1782)
Species
	176; see text
Synonyms
	Boaria A.DC. (1844); Euthalis Banks & Sol. ex Hook.f. (1845); Haenkea Ruiz & Pav. (1794), nom. illeg.; Monteverdia A.Rich. (1846); Moya Griseb. (1874); Scytophyllum Eckl. & Zeyh. (1835), nom. rej.; Senacia Lam. (1793); Tricerma Liebm. (1853);

Maytenus /ˈmeɪtɛnəs/^[2] is a genus of flowering plants in the family Celastraceae. Members of the genus are distributed throughout Central and South America, Southeast Asia, Micronesia, and Australasia, the Indian Ocean and Africa. They grow in a very wide variety of climates, from tropical to subpolar. The traditional circumscription of Maytenus was paraphyletic, so many species have been transferred to Denhamia and Gymnosporia.^[3]^[4]

Species

176 species are accepted.^[1]

Maytenus abbottii A.E.van Wyk
Maytenus acanthophylla Reissek
Maytenus acuminata (L.f.) Loes.
Maytenus agostinii Steyerm.
Maytenus alaternoides Reissek
Maytenus albata (N.E.Br.) E.Schmidt bis & Jordaan
Maytenus amazonica Mart. ex Reissek
Maytenus angolensis Exell & Mendonça
Maytenus apiculata Steyerm.
Maytenus apurimacensis Loes.
Maytenus aquifolium (Mart.)
Maytenus ardisiifolia Reissek
Maytenus basidentata Reissek
Maytenus belizensis Standl.
Maytenus boaria Molina (type species)
Maytenus boarioides Loes.
Maytenus brasiliensis Mart.
Maytenus buxifolia (A.Rich.) Griseb. (West Indies)
Maytenus cajalbanica (Borhidi & O.Muñiz) Borhidi & O.Muñiz
Maytenus cassineformis Reissek
Maytenus cassinoides (Lam.) Urb.
Maytenus catingarum Reissek
Maytenus cestrifolia Reissek
Maytenus chapadensis Carv.-Okano ex Biral & Groppo
Maytenus chasei N.Robson
Maytenus calzadae J.S.Ma^[5]
Maytenus chiapensis Lundell
Maytenus chubutensis (Speg.) Lourteig, O'Donell & Sleumer
Maytenus clarendonensis Britton
Maytenus cochlearifolia Griseb.
Maytenus communis Reissek
Maytenus comocladiiformis Reissek
Maytenus conferta (Ruiz & Pav.) Loes.
Maytenus cordata (E.Mey. ex Sond.) Loes.
Maytenus corei Lundell
Maytenus coriacea Steyerm.
Maytenus crassipes Urb.
Maytenus curranii S.F.Blake
Maytenus cuzcoina Loes.
Maytenus cymosa Krug & Urb. – Caribbean mayten
Maytenus dasyclados Mart.
Maytenus disticha (Hook.f.) Urb.
Maytenus distichophylla Mart. ex Reissek
Maytenus domingensis Krug & Urb.
Maytenus duqueana Cuatrec.
Maytenus durifolia Briq.
Maytenus ebenifolia Reissek
Maytenus eggersii Loes.
Maytenus elaeodendroides Griseb.
Maytenus elongata (Urb.) Britton – Puerto Rico mayten
Maytenus erythroxylon Reissek
Maytenus evonymoides Reissek
Maytenus ficiformis Reissek
Maytenus flagellata Rusby
Maytenus floribunda Reissek
Maytenus fugax Biral & Lombardi
Maytenus glaucescens Reissek
Maytenus gonoclados Mart.
Maytenus gracilis Loes.
Maytenus grenadensis Urb.
Maytenus grisea Lundell
Maytenus guatemalensis Lundell
Maytenus guyanensis Klotzsch ex Reissek
Maytenus haitiensis Urb.
Maytenus harrisii Krug & Urb.
Maytenus horrida Reissek
Maytenus hotteana Urb.
Maytenus huberi Steyerm.
Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reissek
Maytenus imbricata Mart. ex Reissek
Maytenus inflata S.J.Pei & Y.H.Li
Maytenus insculpta Steyerm.
Maytenus jamaicensis Krug & Urb.
Maytenus jamesonii Briq.
Maytenus jefeana Lundell^[4]
Maytenus jelskii Szyszył.
Maytenus kanukuensis A.C.Sm.
Maytenus karstenii Reissek
Maytenus laevigata (Vahl) Griseb. ex Eggers^[4] – White cinnamon
Maytenus laevis Reissek
Maytenus laurina Briq.
Maytenus laxiflora Triana & Planch.
Maytenus lineata C.Wright ex Griseb.
Maytenus listeri (Prain) D.C.S.Raju & Babu
Maytenus littoralis Carv.-Okano
Maytenus loeseneri Urb.
Maytenus longifolia Reissek ex Loes.
Maytenus longistipitata Steyerm.
Maytenus lucayana Britton
Maytenus lucida (L.) Loes.
Maytenus macrocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Briq.
Maytenus magellanica (Lam.) Hook.f.
Maytenus manabiensis Loes.
Maytenus matudae Lundell
Maytenus mayana Lundell
Maytenus megalocarpa Groppo & Lombardi
Maytenus meguillensis Rusby
Maytenus meridensis (Pittier) Cuatrec.
Maytenus microcarpa Fawc. & Rendle
Maytenus microphylla Urb., Ekman & Loes.
Maytenus monodii Exell
Maytenus monticola Sandwith
Maytenus mornicola Urb. & Ekman
Maytenus mucugensis Carv.-Okano ex Biral & Groppo
Maytenus myrsinoides Reissek
Maytenus neblinae Steyerm.
Maytenus nitida Mart.
Maytenus oblongata Reissek
Maytenus obtusifolia Mart.
Maytenus ocoensis M.M.Mejía & Zanoni
Maytenus oleoides Loes.
Maytenus oleosa A.E.van Wyk & R.H.Archer
Maytenus opaca Reissek
Maytenus orbicularis (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Schult.) Loes.
Maytenus parvifolia Steyerm.
Maytenus patens Reissek
Maytenus pavonii Briq.
Maytenus peduncularis (Sond.) Loes.
Maytenus peruana (Loes.) Liesner
Maytenus phyllanthoides Benth. – Florida mayten, guttapercha mayten
Maytenus pittieriana Steyerm.
Maytenus planifolia A.C.Sm.
Maytenus ponceana Britton
Maytenus procumbens (L.f.) Loes.
Maytenus pruinosa Reissek
Maytenus prunifolia C.Presl
Maytenus psammophila Biral & Lombardi
Maytenus pseudoboaria Loes.
Maytenus purpusii Lundell
Maytenus pustulata Steyerm.
Maytenus quadrangulata (Schrad.) Loes.
Maytenus radlkoferiana Loes.
Maytenus recondita Hammel
Maytenus reflexa Urb.
Maytenus repanda Turcz.
Maytenus retusa (Poir.) Briq.
Maytenus revoluta Alain
Maytenus reynosioides Urb.
Maytenus rigida Mart.
Maytenus robustoides Loes.
Maytenus rupestris Pirani & Carv.-Okano
Maytenus salicifolia Reissek
Maytenus samydiformis Reissek
Maytenus saxicola Britton & P.Wilson
Maytenus schippii Lundell
Maytenus schumanniana Loes.
Maytenus segoviarum Standl. & L.O.Williams
Maytenus serpentini (Borhidi & O.Muñiz) Borhidi & O.Muñiz
Maytenus sieberiana Krug & Urb.
Maytenus spinosa (Griseb.) Lourteig & O'Donell
Maytenus splendens Urb.
Maytenus sprucei Briq.
Maytenus stipitata Lundell
Maytenus subalata Reissek
Maytenus suboppositifolia Cuatrec.
Maytenus tetragona Griseb.
Maytenus theoides (Benth.) Urb.
Maytenus tikalensis Lundell
Maytenus trianae Briq.
Maytenus truncata (Nees) Reissek
Maytenus tunarina Loes.
Maytenus umbellata (R.Br.) Mabb.
Maytenus undata (Thunb.) Blakelock
Maytenus urbaniana Loes.
Maytenus urbanii Alain
Maytenus urquiolae Mory
Maytenus versluysii Bold.
Maytenus verticillata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Maytenus vexata Briq.
Maytenus virens Urb.
Maytenus viscifolia Griseb.
Maytenus vitis-idaea Griseb. – Indian's salt
Maytenus wendtii Lundell
Maytenus williamsii A.Molina^[6]^[7]
Maytenus woodsonii Lundell

Undescribed species:

Maytenus sp. nov. A Miller (Yemen)

Formerly placed here

Denhamia bilocularis (F.Muell.) M.P.Simmons^[3] – Orangebark^[8] (as M. bilocularis (F.Muell.) Loes.)
Denhamia cunninghamii (Hook.) M.P.Simmons^[3] – Koonkara^[8] (as M. cunninghamii (Hook.) Loes.)
Denhamia disperma (F.Muell.) M.P.Simmons^[8]^[3] (as M. disperma (F.Muell.) Loes.)
Denhamia fasciculiflora (Jessup) M.P.Simmons^[8]^[3] (as M. fasciculiflora Jessup)
Denhamia muelleri (Benth.) Jessup^[8]^[3] (as M. ferdinandi Jessup)
Denhamia silvestris (Lander & L.A.S.Johnson) M.P. Simmons^[3] (as M. silvestris Lander & L.A.S.Johnson) – Narrow-leaved orangebark, orange bark, orange bush^[8]
Gymnosporia addat Loes. (as M. addat (Loes.) Sebsebe)
Gymnosporia austroyunnanensis (S.J. Pei & Y.H. Li) M.P. Simmons (as M. austroyunnanensis S.J.Pei & Y.H.Li)
Gymnosporia cassinoides (L'Hér.) Masf. (as M. canariensis (Loes.) G.Kunkel & Sunding or M. dryandri var. canariensis Loes.)
Gymnosporia dhofarensis (Sebsebe) Jordaan (as M. dhofarensis Sebsebe)
Gymnosporia diversifolia Maxim. (as M. diversifolia (Maxim.) Ding Hou)
Gymnosporia harenensis (Sebsebe) Jordaan (as M. harenensis Sebsebe)
Gymnosporia heterophylla (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Loes. (as M. heterophylla (Eckl. & Zeyh.) N. Robson)
Gymnosporia nemorosa (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Szyszyl. (as M. nemorosa (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Marais)
Gymnosporia rothiana (Walp.) Wight & Arn. ex M.A.Lawson (as M. rothiana (Walp.) Lobr.-Callen)
Gymnosporia royleana Wall. ex M.A.Lawson (as M. royleana (Wall. ex M. A. Lawson) Cufod.)
Gymnosporia senegalensis (Lam.) Loes. (as M. senegalensis (Lam.) Exell)
Gymnosporia stylosa Pierre (as M. stylosa (Pierre) Lobr.-Callen or M. curtisii (King) Ding Hou)
Gymnosporia thomsonii Kurz (as M. thomsonii (Kurz) V.S.Raju & Babu)^[6]

Cultivation and uses

Maytenus boaria and Maytenus magellanica are the most known species in Europe and the United States because these are the most cold-tolerant trees of this mostly tropical genus. The bark of Maytenus krukovii has a variety of documented medicinal properties; it is also sometimes admixed into decoctions of ayahuasca.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Maytenus Molina. Plants of the World Online Retrieved 25 November 2023.
^ Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g McKenna, Miles J.; Simmons, Mark P.; Bacon, Christine D.; Lombardi, Julio A. (October 1, 2011). "Delimitation of the Segregate Genera of Maytenus s.l. (Celastraceae) Based on Morphological and Molecular Characters". Systematic Botany. 36 (4): 922–932. doi:10.1600/036364411X604930.
^ ^a ^b ^c Biral, Leonardo; Simmons, Mark P.; Smidt, Eric C.; Tembrock, Luke R.; Bolson, Mônica; Archer, Robert H.; Lombardi, Julio A. (December 18, 2017). "Systematics of New World Maytenus (Celastraceae) and a New Delimitation of the Genus". Systematic Botany. 42 (4): 680–693. doi:10.1600/036364417X696456. ISSN 0363-6445. S2CID 53121214.
^ "Maytenus calzadae (Lundell) J.S.Ma | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2024-10-06.
^ ^a ^b "GRIN Species Records of Maytenus". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-08-31.
^ "Maytenus". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 31 August 2010.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Maytenus". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government, Canberra. Archived from the original on 2020-09-23. Retrieved 2009-02-02.

External links

Flora of Pakistan

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[powo-1] Maytenus Molina. Plants of the World Online Retrieved 25 November 2023.

[2] Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607

[McKennaEtAl2011-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g McKenna, Miles J.; Simmons, Mark P.; Bacon, Christine D.; Lombardi, Julio A. (October 1, 2011). "Delimitation of the Segregate Genera of Maytenus s.l. (Celastraceae) Based on Morphological and Molecular Characters". Systematic Botany. 36 (4): 922–932. doi:10.1600/036364411X604930.

[BiralEtAl2017-4] Biral, Leonardo; Simmons, Mark P.; Smidt, Eric C.; Tembrock, Luke R.; Bolson, Mônica; Archer, Robert H.; Lombardi, Julio A. (December 18, 2017). "Systematics of New World Maytenus (Celastraceae) and a New Delimitation of the Genus". Systematic Botany. 42 (4): 680–693. doi:10.1600/036364417X696456. ISSN 0363-6445. S2CID 53121214.

[5] "Maytenus calzadae (Lundell) J.S.Ma | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2024-10-06.

[GRINSpecies-6] "GRIN Species Records of Maytenus". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-08-31.

[ITIS-7] "Maytenus". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 31 August 2010.

[APNI-8] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Maytenus". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government, Canberra. Archived from the original on 2020-09-23. Retrieved 2009-02-02.

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