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Daniel J. Drucker

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For other people called Daniel Drucker, see Daniel Drucker (disambiguation).

Daniel Drucker
FRS, FRCPC, OC
Daniel Drucker at the Royal Society admissions day in London, July 2015
Born
Daniel Joshua Drucker

(1956-06-23) 23 June 1956 (age 68)[2]
Montreal, Quebec, Canada[2]
Alma materUniversity of Toronto (MD)[3]
Awards
Wolf Prize in Mathematics (2023)
Scientific career
Fields
Institutions
Website

Daniel Joshua Drucker (born 23 June 1956)[2] is a Canadian endocrinologist. A Fellow of the Royal Society,[1] he is a professor of medicine at the Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto. He is known for his research into intestinal hormones and their use in the treatment of diabetes, obesity, and other metabolic diseases, as well as intestinal failure.[4]

Early life and education

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Drucker was born and grew up in Montreal, went to high school in Ottawa, and then enrolled at the University of Ottawa, studying science.[5] In 1976, he moved to Toronto, where he studied medicine at the University of Toronto, graduating in 1980. He completed his internship at Johns Hopkins Hospital (1980–81), and completed his internal medicine and endocrinology residencies at the University of Toronto (1980–84).[5]

Career

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Beginning in 1984, Drucker worked as a research fellow at the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School. Drucker was funded by a Medical Research Council of Canada Centennial Fellowship to study molecular endocrinology with Professor Joel Habener. Drucker’s discoveries in Boston included the demonstration that proglucagon could be cleaved into multiple smaller glucagon-like peptides, including several distinct isoforms of GLP-1.[6] Along with Svetlana Mojsov, he then discovered that GLP-1(7-37) — a truncated form of GLP-1 identified previously by Mosjov as an incretin[7] — directly stimulated cyclic AMP formation, insulin secretion, and insulin gene expression; notably, it did so only when glucose levels were elevated.[8][9] In 1987 he returned to Toronto, taking on the position of assistant professor of medicine at the University of Toronto and working as a staff doctor.

Early in his career, Drucker discovered that hormones in the gut play important roles in the onset and development of Type 2 diabetes.[5] Drucker, together with colleagues at Tufts Universities, filed multiple patents describing the utility of targeting the DPP-4 enzyme, and published studied demonstrating that genetic or chemical inactivation of DPP-4 prevented degradation of GLP-1 and GIP, supporting the development of DPP-4 inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.[10][11] Collectively, the body of work from multiple investigators and companies led to the development of two leading classes of diabetes medications: GLP-1 receptor agonists and DPP4 inhibitors.[5]

In 1996, Drucker was one of several investigators who demonstrated that GLP-1 reduced food intake in preclinical studies. Notably, the experiments in the Drucker lab demonstrated that this action of GLP-1 in the brain required the functional canonical GLP-1 receptor.[12] In 1996, he also discovered the effects the first biological actions for GLP-2, demonstrating that GLP-2 augmented crypt cell proliferation and expansion of the mucosal epithelium in the small bowel of mice and rats.[13] He subsequently identified and characterized a DPP-4-resistant molecule, teduglutide,[14] that was ultimately developed and approved for the treatment of short bowel syndrome in adults and children, a disorder in which fluids are poorly absorbed after resection of the small intestine.[5][15]

Drucker joined the staff of the Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital in 2006. In 2008 he conducted studies aimed at the development and testing of long-acting version of the diabetes medication exenatide.[16] He later studied the long-term effects of related weight-loss medicines on bowel health.[17] Drucker has also played key roles in the identification of the cardioprotective mechanisms of GLP-1 action,[18] and has identified multiple mechanisms linking GLP-1 to the reduction of inflammation[19][20].

He is a Canada Research Chair at the University of Toronto.

Awards and honours

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Drucker has received many national and international awards in recognition of his research accomplishments revealing the mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential of enteroendocrine hormones. These include the Prix Galien Canada for outstanding academic research (2008), the Donald F. Steiner Award for Outstanding Diabetes Research from the University of Chicago (2007), the Clinical Investigator Award from the Endocrine Society (2009), the Claude Bernard Prize from the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (2012), the Oon International Award and Lecture from the University of Cambridge (2014), the Banting Medal for Scientific Achievement from the American Diabetes Association (2014) the Manpei Suzuki Foundation International Prize for Diabetes (2014), and the Harold Hamm International Prize for Biomedical Research in Diabetes (2019). In 2021 he was awarded the Canada Gairdner International Award.[21] In 2023, he received the Wolf Prize in Medicine[22] and the VinFuture Prize.[23] In 2024 he was awarded the Princess of Asturias Awards for Technical and Scientific Research, as well as, the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.[24][25]

Drucker was named an Officer of the Order of Canada in 2015.[26][27] He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 2015.[5][1] and was elected to the National Academy of Medicine in 2023.[28]

Drucker was awarded the 2023 Wolf Prize in Medicine "for pioneering work in elucidating the mechanisms and therapeutic potential of enteroendocrine hormones”.

Selected publications

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  • Drucker, D. J.; Buse, J. B.; Taylor, K.; Kendall, D. M.; Trautmann, M.; Zhuang, D.; Porter, L. (2008). "Exenatide once weekly versus twice daily for the treatment of type 2 diabetes: A randomised, open-label, non-inferiority study". The Lancet. 372 (9645): 1240–1250. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61206-4. PMID 18782641. S2CID 12667840.
  • Drucker, D. J.; Nauck, M. A. (2006). "The incretin system: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes". The Lancet. 368 (9548): 1696–705. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69705-5. PMID 17098089. S2CID 25748028.
  • Baggio, L. L.; Drucker, D. J. (2007). "Biology of Incretins: GLP-1 and GIP". Gastroenterology. 132 (6): 2131–57. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.054. PMID 17498508.
  • Drucker, D. J. (2006). "The biology of incretin hormones". Cell Metabolism. 3 (3): 153–65. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2006.01.004. PMID 16517403.
  • Drucker, D. J.; Philippe, J; Mojsov, S; Chick, W. L.; Habener, J. F. (1987). "Glucagon-like peptide I stimulates insulin gene expression and increases cyclic AMP levels in a rat islet cell line". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 84 (10): 3434–8. Bibcode:1987PNAS...84.3434D. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.10.3434. PMC 304885. PMID 3033647.

References

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  1. ^ a b c "Professor Daniel Drucker FRS". London: The Royal Society. Archived from the original on 2 May 2015.
  2. ^ a b c "DRUCKER, Prof. Daniel Joshua". Who's Who. Vol. 2016 (online Oxford University Press ed.). Oxford: A & C Black. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  3. ^ "Daniel J. Drucker M.D, FRCPC, Clinical Advisor, Diartis Pharmaceuticals, Inc". Bloomberg L.P. 16 February 2024.
  4. ^ "This Toronto doctor is a superstar in the world of diabetes research — and he says it all started as a fluke". Toronto Star, By Joseph Hall, 7 February 2020
  5. ^ a b c d e f Anon (2015). "Professor Daniel Drucker FRS". London: royalsociety.org. Archived from the original on 17 November 2015.
  6. ^ Drucker, D J; Mojsov, S; Habener, J F (July 1986). "Cell-specific post-translational processing of preproglucagon expressed from a metallothionein-glucagon fusion gene". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 261 (21): 9637–9643. doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)67561-1. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 3525530.
  7. ^ Mojsov, S; Weir, G C; Habener, J F (1 February 1987). "Insulinotropin: glucagon-like peptide I (7-37) co-encoded in the glucagon gene is a potent stimulator of insulin release in the perfused rat pancreas". Journal of Clinical Investigation. 79 (2): 616–619. doi:10.1172/JCI112855. ISSN 0021-9738. PMC 424143. PMID 3543057.
  8. ^ Drucker, D J; Philippe, J; Mojsov, S; Chick, W L; Habener, J F (May 1987). "Glucagon-like peptide I stimulates insulin gene expression and increases cyclic AMP levels in a rat islet cell line". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 84 (10): 3434–3438. Bibcode:1987PNAS...84.3434D. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.10.3434. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 304885. PMID 3033647.
  9. ^ O’Rahilly, Stephen (15 April 2021). "The islet's bridesmaid becomes the bride: Proglucagon-derived peptides deliver transformative therapies". Cell. 184 (8): 1945–1948. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.03.019. ISSN 0092-8674. PMID 33831374. S2CID 233131461.
  10. ^ Marguet, Didier; Baggio, Laurie; Kobayashi, Takashi; Bernard, Anne-Marie; Pierres, Michel; Nielsen, Per F.; Ribel, Ulla; Watanabe, Takeshi; Drucker, Daniel J.; Wagtmann, Nicolai (6 June 2000). "Enhanced insulin secretion and improved glucose tolerance in mice lacking CD26". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 97 (12): 6874–6879. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.6874M. doi:10.1073/pnas.120069197. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 18768. PMID 10823914.
  11. ^ Hansotia, Tanya; Baggio, Laurie L.; Delmeire, Dominique; Hinke, Simon A.; Yamada, Yuichiro; Tsukiyama, Katsushi; Seino, Yutaka; Holst, Jens J.; Schuit, Frans; Drucker, D.J. (1 May 2004). "Double Incretin Receptor Knockout (DIRKO) Mice Reveal an Essential Role for the Enteroinsular Axis in Transducing the Glucoregulatory Actions of DPP-IV Inhibitors". Diabetes. 53 (5): 1326–1335. doi:10.2337/diabetes.53.5.1326. ISSN 0012-1797. PMID 15111503.
  12. ^ Scrocchi, L.A.; Brown, T.J.; Maclusky, N.; Brubaker, P.L.; Auerbach, A.B.; Joyner, A.L.; Drucker, D.J. (November 1996). "Glucose intolerance but normal satiety in mice with a null mutation in the glucagon–like peptide 1 receptor gene". Nature Medicine. 2 (11): 1254–1258. doi:10.1038/nm1196-1254. ISSN 1078-8956. PMID 8898756. S2CID 41872654.
  13. ^ Drucker, D J; Erlich, P; Asa, S L; Brubaker, P L (23 July 1996). "Induction of intestinal epithelial proliferation by glucagon-like peptide 2". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 93 (15): 7911–7916. Bibcode:1996PNAS...93.7911D. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.15.7911. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 38848. PMID 8755576.
  14. ^ Drucker, Daniel J.; Shi, Qing; Crivici, Anna; Sumner-Smith, Martin; Tavares, Wendy; Hill, Mary; DeForest, Lorraine; Cooper, Sari; Brubaker, Patricia L. (July 1997). "Regulation of the biological activity of glucagon-like peptide 2 in vivo by dipeptidyl peptidase IV". Nature Biotechnology. 15 (7): 673–677. doi:10.1038/nbt0797-673. ISSN 1087-0156. PMID 9219272. S2CID 35172107.
  15. ^ "Toronto endocrinologist named 2018 Principal Award winner by Manning Foundation". The Globe and Mail, Allan Maki, Calgary, 2 October 201
  16. ^ "Study: Once-a-week diabetes drug works better than twice-daily injection". Scientific American News Blog, By Susannah F. Locke on 8 September 2008
  17. ^ "Researchers investigate possible colon cancer risk for new generation of weight-loss drugs".Science News, 3 March 2015
  18. ^ Noyan-Ashraf, Mohammad Hossein; Momen, M. Abdul; Ban, Kiwon; Sadi, Al-Muktafi; Zhou, Yu-Qing; Riazi, Ali M.; Baggio, Laurie L.; Henkelman, R. Mark; Husain, Mansoor; Drucker, Daniel J. (1 April 2009). "GLP-1R Agonist Liraglutide Activates Cytoprotective Pathways and Improves Outcomes After Experimental Myocardial Infarction in Mice". Diabetes. 58 (4): 975–983. doi:10.2337/db08-1193. ISSN 0012-1797. PMC 2661586. PMID 19151200.
  19. ^ Wong, Chi Kin; Yusta, Bernardo; Koehler, Jacqueline A.; Baggio, Laurie L.; McLean, Brent A.; Matthews, Dianne; Seeley, Randy J.; Drucker, Daniel J. (October 2022). "Divergent roles for the gut intraepithelial lymphocyte GLP-1R in control of metabolism, microbiota, and T cell-induced inflammation". Cell Metabolism. 34 (10): 1514–1531.e7. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2022.08.003. PMID 36027914.
  20. ^ Wong, Chi Kin; McLean, Brent A.; Baggio, Laurie L.; Koehler, Jacqueline A.; Hammoud, Rola; Rittig, Nikolaj; Yabut, Julian M.; Seeley, Randy J.; Brown, Theodore J.; Drucker, Daniel J. (January 2024). "Central glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor activation inhibits Toll-like receptor agonist-induced inflammation". Cell Metabolism. 36 (1): 130–143.e5. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2023.11.009. PMID 38113888. S2CID 266371336.
  21. ^ Canada Gairdner International Award 2021
  22. ^ Wolf Prize in Medicine 2023
  23. ^ Nhu, Quynh (21 December 2023). "Battery researchers win $3M Vietnamese awards". VnExpress.
  24. ^ Princess of Asturias Awards 2024
  25. ^ "Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement". achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement.
  26. ^ "Order of Canada ceremony invests 48 new recipients, including NBA star Steve Nash". CBC News, 13 May 2016
  27. ^ "Four Nova Scotians among Order of Canada honourees". The Chronicle-Herald, 1 July 2015.
  28. ^ "National Academy of Medicine Elects 100 New Members". National Academy of Medicine. 9 October 2023. Retrieved 9 October 2023.
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