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Blood type distribution by country

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This list concerns blood type distribution between countries and regions. Blood type (also called a blood group) is a classification of blood, based on the presence and absence of antibodies and inherited antigenic substances on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). These antigens may be proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, or glycolipids, depending on the blood group system.

ABO and Rh distribution by country

[edit]
ABO and Rh blood type distribution by country & dependency (population averages)
Country/Dependency Population[1] O+ A+ B+ AB+ O− A− B− AB−
 Albania[2] 3,074,579 34.1% 31.2% 14.5% 5.2% 6.0% 5.5% 2.6% 0.9%
 Algeria[3] 43,576,691 40.0% 30.0% 15.0% 4.25% 6.6% 2.3% 1.1% 0.75%
 Argentina[4] 45,479,118 50.34% 31.09% 8.20% 2.16% 4.29% 2.98% 0.74% 0.20%
 Armenia[5] 3,021,324 29.0% 46.3% 12.0% 5.6% 2.0% 3.7% 1.0% 0.4%
 Australia[6] 25,466,459 38.0% 32.0% 12.0% 4.0% 7.0% 6.0% 2.0% 1.0%
 Austria[7] 8,859,449 30.0% 37.0% 12.0% 5.0% 6.0% 7.0% 2.0% 0.45%
 Azerbaijan 10,205,810 29.8% 30.0% 21.1% 9.0% 3.3% 3.4% 2.4% 1.0%
 Bahrain 1,505,003 48.48% 15.35% 22.61% 3.67% 3.27% 1.33% 1.04% 0.25%
 Bangladesh[8] 164,098,818 29.21% 26.3% 33.12% 9.59% 0.53% 0.48% 0.6% 0.17%
 Belarus 9,441,842 32.3% 30.6% 15.3% 6.8% 5.7% 5.4% 2.7% 1.2%
 Belgium[9] 11,720,716 38.0% 34.0% 8.5% 4.0% 7.0% 6.0% 1.5% 1.0%
 Bhutan[citation needed] 857,423 38.15% 29.45% 23.86% 8.41% 0.06% 0.04% 0.04% 0.01%
 Bolivia 11,639,909 51.53% 20.45% 10.11% 1.15% 4.39% 2.73% 0.54% 0.1%
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 3,835,586 31.0% 36.0% 12.0% 6.0% 5.0% 7.0% 2.0% 1.0%
 Brazil[10] 211,715,973 36.0% 34.0% 8.0% 2.5% 9.0% 8.0% 2.0% 0.5%
 Bulgaria 6,966,899 28.0% 37.4% 12.8% 6.8% 5.0% 6.6% 2.2% 1.2%
 Burkina Faso[11] 21,382,659 39.94% 20.79% 26.34% 5.17% 3.36% 1.75% 2.22% 0.43%
 Cambodia 16,926,984 46.7% 27.2% 18.5% 4.9% 1.3% 0.8% 0.5% 0.1%
 Cameroon[12] 27,744,989 46.83% 24.15% 21.06% 4.29% 1.79% 0.92% 0.8% 0.16%
 Canada[13] 37,694,085 39.0% 36.0% 7.6% 2.5% 7.0% 6.0% 1.4% 0.5%
 Chile[14] 18,186,770 55.01% 28.08% 8.02% 1.81% 4.19% 2.14% 0.61% 0.14%
 Colombia[15] 49,084,841 61.3% 21.11% 7.28% 1.47% 5.13% 2.7% 0.7% 0.31%
 Costa Rica[16] 5,097,988 49.7% 28.5% 12.4% 3.0% 3.4% 1.9% 0.9% 0.2%
 Croatia 4,227,746 29.0% 36.0% 15.0% 5.0% 5.0% 6.0% 3.0% 1.0%
 Cuba 11,059,062 45.8% 33.5% 10.2% 2.9% 3.6% 2.8% 1.0% 0.2%
 Cyprus[17] 1,266,676 35.22% 40.35% 11.11% 4.72% 3.85% 3.48% 0.87% 0.40%
 Czech Republic[18] 10,702,498 27.0% 36.0% 15.0% 7.0% 5.0% 6.0% 3.0% 1.0%
 Democratic Republic of the Congo 101,780,263 59.5% 21.3% 15.2% 2.4% 1.0% 0.3% 0.2% 0.1%
 Denmark[19] 5,869,410 35.0% 37.0% 8.0% 4.0% 6.0% 7.0% 2.0% 1.0%
 Dominican Republic 10,499,707 47.2% 26.4% 16.9% 2.1% 3.7% 2.1% 1.4% 0.2%
 Ecuador 16,904,867 75.0% 14.0% 7.1% 0.5% 2.38% 0.7% 0.3% 0.02%
 Egypt[20] 104,124,440 36.44% 33.94% 20.96% 8.65% n/a n/a n/a n/a
 El Salvador[21] 6,481,102 62.0% 23.0% 11.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 0.7% 0.3%
 Estonia[22] 1,228,624 29.5% 30.8% 20.7% 6.3% 4.3% 4.5% 3.0% 0.9%
 Ethiopia 108,113,150 39.0% 28.0% 21.0% 5.0% 3.0% 2.0% 1.0% 1.0%
 Fiji 935,974 43.0% 33.3% 16.5% 4.8% 1.0% 0.7% 0.5% 0.2%
 Finland[23] 5,571,665 28.0% 35.0% 16.0% 7.0% 5.0% 6.0% 2.0% 1.0%
 France[24] 67,848,156 36.5% 38.2% 7.7% 2.5% 6.5% 6.8% 1.4% 0.4%
 Gabon[25] 2,284,912 57.55% 20.52% 17.19% 2.54% 1.35% 0.48% 0.41% 0.06%
 Georgia[26] 4,933,674 34.8% 32.3% 11.9% 6.0% 6.2% 5.7% 2.1% 0.5%
 Germany[27] 80,159,662 35.0% 37.0% 9.0% 4.0% 6.0% 6.0% 2.0% 1.0%
 Ghana 29,340,248 53.8% 17.6% 18.3% 2.8% 4.5% 1.3% 1.3% 0.2%
 Greece 10,607,051 37.8% 32.2% 11.0% 4.0% 6.6% 5.7% 2.0% 0.7%
 Guinea 12,527,440 46.88% 21.64% 22.86% 4.52% 2.0% 0.9% 1.0% 0.2%
 Honduras 9,235,340 57.5% 25.0% 7.8% 2.5% 2.7% 1.7% 0.6% 0.2%
 Hong Kong[28] 7,249,907 42.8% 25.5% 25.8% 5.9% 0.7% 0.1% 0.2% 0.1%
 Hungary 9,771,827 27.0% 33.0% 16.0% 8.0% 5.0% 7.0% 3.0% 1.0%
 Iceland[29] 350,734 46.8% 27.2% 9.0% 2.0% 8.2% 4.8% 1.6% 0.4%
 India[30] 1,339,330,514 32.53% 21.80% 32.10% 7.70% 2.03% 1.36% 2.00% 0.48%
 Indonesia 267,026,366 36.82% 25.87% 28.85% 7.96% 0.18% 0.13% 0.15% 0.04%
 Iran 84,923,314 36.5% 27.0% 22.2% 4.0% 5.0% 2.0% 2.5% 0.8%
 Iraq 38,872,655 32.1% 25.0% 25.6% 7.4% 3.6% 2.7% 2.7% 0.9%
 Ireland[31] 5,176,569 47.0% 26.0% 9.0% 2.0% 8.0% 5.0% 2.0% 1.0%
 Israel[32] 8,675,475 32.0% 34.0% 17.0% 7.0% 3.0% 4.0% 2.0% 1.0%
 Italy 62,402,659 39.0% 36.0% 7.5% 2.5% 7.0% 6.0% 1.5% 0.5%
 Ivory Coast[33] 28,088,455 47.24% 20.19% 21.7% 3.82% 3.73% 1.54% 1.48% 0.3%
 Jamaica[34] 2,808,570 51.1% 20.0% 20.0% 1.9% 3.5% 2.0% 1.0% 0.5%
 Japan[35] 125,507,472 29.9% 39.8% 19.9% 9.9% 0.15% 0.2% 0.1% 0.05%
 Jordan[36] 10,909,567 33.03% 32.86% 16.56% 6.28% 4.4% 3.97% 2.06% 0.04%
 Kazakhstan 19,091,949 30.7% 29.8% 24.2% 8.3% 2.3% 2.2% 1.8% 0.4%
 Kenya 53,527,936 45.6% 25.2% 21.28% 4.2% 1.8% 1.0% 0.9% 0.02%
 Laos[37] 7,574,356 37.52% 19.73% 35.36% 6.85% 0.2% 0.1% 0.2% 0.05%
 Latvia 1,881,232 30.6% 31.0% 17.0% 6.0% 5.4% 6.0% 3.0% 1.0%
 Lebanon 5,469,612 38.4% 32.3% 9.5% 3.2% 7.7% 6.5% 1.7% 0.7%
 Libya 6,890,535 42.64% 20.86% 11.19% 4.5% 7.26% 3.24% 1.64% 0.67%
 Liechtenstein 39,137 34.0% 37.0% 10.0% 4.0% 6.0% 6.5% 1.8% 0.7%
 Lithuania 2,731,464 36.0% 33.0% 11.0% 4.0% 7.0% 6.0% 2.0% 0.7%
 Luxembourg[38] 628,381 35.0% 37.0% 9.0% 4.0% 6.0% 6.0% 2.0% 1.0%
 Macao 614,458 41.5% 26.1% 25.4% 6.3% 0.33% 0.09% 0.17% 0.05%
 Malaysia 32,652,083 34.32% 30.35% 27.37% 7.46% 0.17% 0.15% 0.14% 0.04%
 Malta 457,267 38.0% 41.0% 7.0% 3.0% 5.0% 4.5% 1.0% 0.5%
 Mauritania[39] 4,005,475 46.3% 26.68% 17.47% 3.85% 2.8% 1.6% 1.1% 0.2%
 Mauritius 1,379,365 38.3% 26.0% 25.0% 6.7% 1.7% 1.0% 1.0% 0.3%
 Mexico[40] 128,649,565 59.09% 26.23% 8.53% 1.73% 2.73% 1.21% 0.40% 0.08%
 Moldova[41] 3,364,496 28.5% 31.8% 17.6% 7.0% 5.0% 6.0% 3.0% 1.1%
 Mongolia[42] 3,198,913 36.4% 29.2% 8.1% % 13.3% 8.0% 2.0% 0.01%
 Morocco 35,561,654 42.3% 30.8% 14.0% 4.0% 4.5% 3.1% 1.5% 0.4%
 Myanmar 56,590,071 35.7% 23.8% 32.7% 6.95% 0.3% 0.2% 0.3% 0.05%
 Namibia[43] 2,678,191 50.58% 20.49% 20.21% 1.02% 4.22% 1.71% 1.69% 0.08%
   Nepal 30,327,877 35.2% 36.3% 27.1% 2.6% 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.1%
 Netherlands[44] 17,280,397 38.2% 36.6% 7.7% 2.5% 6.8% 6.4% 1.3% 0.5%
 New Zealand[45] 4,925,477 39.0% 31.0% 10.0% 2.0% 10.9% 6.0% 1.0% 0.1%
 Nicaragua[46] 6,243,931 62.0% 20.0% 11.0% 4.0% 1.0% 1.0% 0.7% 0.3%
 Nigeria[47] 219,463,862 50.23% 21.61% 19.59% 3.47% 2.7% 1.16% 1.05% 0.19%
 North Korea 25,643,466 27.15% 31.08% 30.15% 11.32% 0.08% 0.1% 0.1% 0.03%
 North Macedonia 2,125,971 30.0% 34.0% 15.0% 6.0% 5.0% 6.0% 3.0% 1.0%
 Norway[48] 5,467,439 33.2% 41.6% 6.8% 3.4% 5.8% 7.4% 1.2% 0.6%
 Pakistan[citation needed] 238,181,034 30.04% 21.53% 30.24% 8.83% 3.1% 2.22% 3.13% 0.91%
 Papua New Guinea 7,259,456 55.7% 32.2% 9.6% 2.1% 1.8% 0.5% 0.2% 0.1%
 Paraguay[49] 7,272,639 63.07% 21.32% 4.72% 1.38% 5.89% 2.97% 0.49% 0.15%
 Peru[50] 31,914,989 70.0% 18.4% 7.8% 1.6% 1.4% 0.5% 0.28% 0.02%
 Philippines[51] 109,180,815 45.9% 22.9% 24.9% 5.97% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.03%
 Poland[52] 38,282,325 31.0% 32.0% 15.0% 7.0% 6.0% 6.0% 2.0% 1.0%
 Portugal[53] 10,302,674 36.2% 39.8% 6.6% 2.9% 6.1% 6.8% 1.1% 0.5%
 People's Republic of China[54] 1,397,897,720 34.0% 27.6% 28.9% 8.4% 0.4% 0.25% 0.2% 0.15%
 Romania[55] 21,230,362 28.0% 37.0% 14.0% 7.0% 5.0% 6.0% 2.0% 1.0%
 Russia[56] 145,478,097 36.0% 31.0% 19.0% 2.1% 6.0% 4.0% 1.0% 0.9%
 Saudi Arabia[57] 34,173,498 47.8% 16.0% 17.9% 4.0% 4.0% 2.0% 1.0% 0.3%
 Serbia 7,012,165 31.92% 35.28% 12.6% 4.2% 6.08% 6.72% 2.4% 0.8%
 Singapore[58] 6,209,660 44.7% 23.9% 24.5% 5.6% 0.6% 0.3% 0.3% 0.1%
 Slovakia[59] 5,440,602 27.2% 35.7% 15.3% 6.8% 4.8% 6.3% 2.7% 1.2%
 Slovenia 2,102,678 31.0% 33.0% 12.0% 6.0% 7.0% 7.0% 3.0% 1.0%
 Somalia[60] 12,094,640 52.8% 19.36% 12.32% 3.52% 7.2% 2.64% 1.68% 0.48%
 South Africa[61] 56,463,617 39.0% 32.0% 12.0% 3.0% 6.0% 5.0% 2.0% 1.0%
 South Korea[62] 51,835,110 29% 32% 31% 8% 0.19% 0.1% 0.1% 0.01%
 Sri Lanka[63] 23,044,123 43.42% 21.0% 25.78% 5.13% 2.12% 1.04% 1.25% 0.26%
 Spain[64] 50,015,792 35.0% 36.0% 8.0% 2.5% 9.0% 7.0% 2.0% 0.5%
 Sudan 45,561,556 48.0% 27.7% 15.2% 2.3% 3.5% 1.8% 0.8% 0.2%
 Sweden[65] 10,202,491 32.0% 37.0% 10.0% 5.0% 6.0% 7.0% 2.0% 1.0%
  Switzerland[66] 8,403,994 35.0% 38.0% 8.0% 4.0% 6.9% 7.0% 1.0% 0.1%
 Syria 19,398,448 43.0% 30.0% 14.0% 3.7% 5.0% 3.0% 1.0% 0.3%
 Taiwan 23,603,049 43.9% 25.9% 23.9% 6.0% 0.28% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01%
 Thailand 68,977,400 40.8% 16.9% 36.8% 4.97% 0.2% 0.1% 0.2% 0.03%
 Tunisia[67] 11,811,335 41.86% 28.21% 16.38% 4.55% 4.14% 2.79% 1.62% 0.45%
 Turkey[68] 82,017,514 29.4% 38.3% 13.2% 6.4% 4.4% 5.5% 2.1% 0.7%
 Uganda[69] 44,712,143 49.29% 24.11% 20.29% 4.41% 1.01% 0.49% 0.41% 0.09%
 Ukraine 43,922,939 32.0% 34.0% 15.0% 5.0% 5.0% 6.0% 2.0% 1.0%
 United Arab Emirates 9,992,083 44.1% 21.9% 20.9% 4.3% 4.3% 2.1% 2.0% 0.4%
 United Kingdom[70] 66,971,395 35% 30% 8% 2% 13% 5% 2% 1%
 United States[71] 334,998,398 37.4% 35.7% 8.5% 3.4% 9.8% 4.1% 1.5% 0.6%
 Uzbekistan[72] 30,842,796 29.42% 30.93% 24.98% 9.27% 1.68% 1.77% 1.42% 0.53%
 Venezuela[73] 28,644,603 58.3% 28.2% 5.6% 1.9% 4.0% 1.5% 0.4% 0.1%
 Vietnam 98,721,275 41.7% 20.9% 30.8% 4.98% 0.3% 0.1% 0.2% 0.02%
 Yemen 29,884,405 47.84% 27.5% 15.32% 2.14% 3.66% 2.1% 1.17% 0.16%
 Zimbabwe 14,546,314 36.4% 29.3% 8.1% 2.0% 14.1% 8.1% 2.0% 0.01%
World[74] 7,772,850,805 38.4% 27.3% 8.1% 2.0% 14.1% 8.1% 2.0% 0.01%

  50.0% and above   40.0–49.9%   30.0–39.9%   20.0–29.9%   10.0–19.9%   5.0–9.9%

Ethnic distribution of ABO (without Rh) blood types[75]
(This table has more entries than the table above but does not distinguish between Rh types.)
People group O (%) A (%) B (%) AB (%)
Australian Aboriginals 61 39 0 0
Abyssinians 43 27 25 5
Ainu (Japan) 17 32 32 18
Albanians 38 43 13 6
Great Andamanese 9 60 20 12
Arabs 34 31 29 6
Armenians 31 50 13 6
Asian Americans 40 28 27 5
Austrians 36 44 13 6
Bantus 46 30 19 5
Basques 51 44 4 1
Belgians 47 42 8 3
Bororo (Brazil) 100 0 0 0
Brazilians 47 41 9 3
Bulgarians 32 44 15 8
Bamar people 36 24 33 7
Buryats (Siberia) 33 21 38 8
Bushmen 56 34 9 2
Chinese-Canton 47 23 25 4
Chinese-Ningbo 35 32 25 9
Chinese-Yangzhou 31 32 27 7
Chinese-Peking 29 27 32 13
Chuvash 30 29 33 7
Croats 34 42 17 7
Czechs 30 44 18 9
Danes 41 44 11 4
Dutch 45 43 9 3
Egyptians 33 36 24 8
English 47 41 9 3
Inuit (Alaska) 38 44 13 5
Inuit (Greenland) 57 36 23 5
Estonians 34 36 23 8
Fijians 44 34 17 6
Finns 34 41 18 7
French 43 47 7 3
Georgians 46 37 12 4
Germans 41 43 11 5
Greeks 44 38 14 5
Romani people (Hungary) 29 27 35 10
Hawaiians 37 61 2 1
Hindus (Bombay) 32 29 28 11
Hungarians 36 43 19 8
Icelanders 56 32 10 3
Indians (India) 37 22 33 7
Native Americans (US) 79 16 4 1
Irish 52 35 10 1
Italians (Milan) 46 41 11 3
Japanese 30 38 22 10
Jews (Germany) 42 41 12 5
Jews (Poland) 33 41 18 8
Kalmyks 26 23 41 11
Kikuyu (Kenya) 60 19 20 1
Koreans 28 32 31 9
Sami people 29 63 4 4
Latvians 32 37 24 7
Lithuanians 40 34 20 6
Malays 62 18 20 0
Māori 46 54 1 0
Mayans 98 1 1 1
Moros 64 16 20 0
Navajo Indians 73 27 0 0
Nicobarese 74 9 15 1
Norwegians 39 50 8 4
Papuans (New Guinea) 41 27 23 9
Persians 38 33 22 7
Peruvian Indians 100 0 0 0
Filipinos 45 22 27 6
Poles 33 39 20 9
Portuguese 35 53 8 4
Romanians 33 43 16 8
Russians 33 36 23 8
Sardinians 50 26 19 5
Scots 51 34 12 3
Serbs 38 42 16 5
Shompen Nicobarese 100 0 0 0
Slovaks 37 42 16 5
South Africans 45 40 11 4
Spanish 38 47 10 5
Sudanese 62 16 21 0
Swedish 36 45 12 7
Swiss 38 50 9 3
Tatars 28 30 29 13
Thais 32 21 36 9
Turks 43 33 19 6
Ukrainians 37 40 18 6
African Americans 49 27 20 4
White Americans 45 40 11 4
Vietnamese 42 22 30 5

Blood group B has its highest frequency in the Middle East, where it ranks as the largest share of the population. In Southeast Asia its share of the population is lowest, especially in Indonesia, secondarily in East Asia, Northern Asia and neighboring Central Asia, and its incidence diminishes both towards the east and the west, falling to single-digit percentages in Netherlands, Norway, Portugal and Switzerland.[76][77] It is believed to have been entirely absent from Native American and Australian Aboriginal populations prior to the arrival of Europeans in those areas.[77][78]

Blood group A is associated with high frequencies in Europe, especially in Scandinavia and Central Europe, although its highest frequencies occur in some Australian Aboriginal populations and the Blackfoot Indians of Montana, US.[79][80]

Maps of ABO alleles among native populations

[edit]

In the ABO blood group system, there are three alleles: i, IA, and IB. As both IA and IB are dominant over i, only ii people have type O blood. Individuals with IAIA or IAi have type A blood, and individuals with IBIB or IBi have type B. Those with IAIB have type AB.

  • Map of allele IA among native populations
    Map of allele IA
    among native populations
  • Map of allele IB among native populations
    Map of allele IB
    among native populations
  • Map of blood group O among native populations
    Map of blood group O
    among native populations

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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  17. ^ - ΚENTΡΟ ΑΙΜΑΤΟΣ
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  76. ^ Blood Transfusion Division, United States Army Medical Research Laboratory (1971). Selected contributions to the literature of blood groups and immunology. 1971 v. 4. United States Army Medical Research Laboratory, Fort Knox, Kentucky. ... In northern India, in Southern and Central China and in the neighboring Central Asiatic areas, we find the highest known frequencies of B. If we leave this center, the frequency of the B gene decreases almost everywhere ...
  77. ^ a b The New Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 2002. ISBN 978-0-85229-787-2. ... The maximum frequency of the B gene occurs in Central Asia and northern India. The B gene was probably absent from Native Americans and Australian Aboriginal people before racial admixture occurred with the coming of the white man ...
  78. ^ Carol R. Ember, Melvin Ember (1973). Anthropology. Appleton-Century-Crofts. ISBN 9780390290007. ... Blood type B is completely absent in most North and South American Indians ...
  79. ^ Dean, Laura (2005). Blood group antigens are surface markers on the red blood cell membrane. National Center for Biotechnology Information (US). Blood Type A: Central and Eastern Europe. Type A is common in Central and Eastern Europe. In countries such as Austria, Denmark, Norway, and Switzerland, about 45–50% of the population have this blood type, whereas about 40% of Poles and Ukrainians do so. The highest frequencies are found in small, unrelated populations. For example, about 80% of the Blackfoot Indians of Montana have blood type A ...
  80. ^ Technical Monograph No. 2: The ABO Blood Group System and ABO Subgroups (PDF). Biotec. March 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 February 2007. ... The frequency of blood group A is quite high (25–55%) in Europe, especially in Scandinavia and parts of central Europe. High group A frequency is also found in the Aboriginal people of South Australia (up to 45%) and in certain American Indian tribes where the frequency reaches 35% ...
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