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2025 United States state legislative elections

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For related races, see 2025 United States elections.

2025 United States state legislative elections
← 2024 November 4, 2025 2026 →
2 legislative chambers
2 states
 
Party Republican Democratic Coalition
Current chambers 57 39 2[a][b]
Map of upper house elections:
     Special elections to be held
     No regularly-scheduled elections
Map of lower house elections:
     Democratic-controlled chamber up
     Special elections to be held
     No regularly-scheduled elections

The 2025 United States state legislative elections will be held on November 4, 2025, for 2 state legislative chambers in 2 states. Across the fifty states, 3 percent of all lower house seats will be up for election, with no upper house having regularly scheduled elections. The elections take place concurrently with several other state and local elections, including the gubernatorial elections.

Summary table

[edit]

Regularly scheduled elections are to be held in 2 of the 99 state legislative chambers in the United States. Nationwide, regularly scheduled elections are to be held for 180 of the 7,383 legislative seats. This table only covers regularly-scheduled elections; additional special elections will take place concurrently with these regularly scheduled elections.

State Upper House Lower House
Seats up Total % up Term Seats up Total % up Term
New Jersey 0 40 0 2/4[c] 80 80 100 4
Virginia 0 40 0 4 100 100 100 2

State summaries

[edit]

New Jersey

[edit]
Main article: 2025 New Jersey General Assembly election

All of the seats of the New Jersey General Assembly are up for election in 2025. The New Jersey General Assembly has been controlled by the Democratic Party since 2002.

New Jersey General Assembly
Party Leader Before After Change
Democratic Craig Coughlin 52
Republican John DiMaio 28
Total 80 80 Steady

Virginia

[edit]
Main article: 2025 Virginia House of Delegates election

All of the seats of the Virginia House of Delegates are up for election in 2025. The Virginia House of Delegates has been controlled by the Democratic Party since 2024.

Virginia House of Delegates
Party Leader Before After Change
Democratic Don Scott 51
Republican Todd Gilbert 49
Total 100 100 Steady

Special elections

[edit]

There are currently thirty-five state legislative special elections scheduled for 2025.[2] More than half of all states have procedures for special state legislative elections.[3]

Alabama

[edit]
District Incumbent This race
Chamber No. Representative Party First
elected 		Results Candidates
Senate 5 Greg Reed Republican 2010 Incumbent resigning January 1, 2025, to join Governor Kay Ivey's administration.[4]
New member to be elected June 24, 2025.[5] 		▌Matt Woods (Republican)[6]

California

[edit]
District Incumbent This race
Chamber No. Representative Party First
elected 		Results Candidates
Assembly 32 Vince Fong Republican 2016 Incumbent resigned May 24, 2024, to become a U.S. representative.[d]
New member to be elected April 29, 2025.
  • ▌Stan Ellis (Republican)[8]
Senate 36 Janet Nguyen Republican 2022 Incumbent resigned November 30, 2024, to join the Orange County Board of Supervisors.[9]
New member to be elected April 29, 2025.

Delaware

[edit]
District Incumbent This race
Chamber No. Representative Party First
elected 		Results Candidates
Senate 1 Sarah McBride Democratic 2020 Incumbent resigning TBD to become a U.S. representative.[11]
New member to be elected TBD.
  • ▌Dan Cruce (Democratic)[12]
  • ▌Steve Washington (Republican)[13]
Senate 5 Kyle Evans Gay Democratic 2020 Incumbent resigning TBD to become Lieutenant Governor of Delaware.[11]
New member to be elected TBD.

Florida

[edit]
District Incumbent This race
Chamber No. Representative Party First
elected 		Results Candidates
House 3 Joel Rudman Republican 2022 Incumbent resigning January 1, 2025, to run for U.S. Representative.[14]
New member to be elected TBD.
  • ▌Nathan Boyles (Republican)[15]
House 32 Debbie Mayfield Republican 2024 Incumbent resigning TBD to run for State Senate.[16]
New member to be elected TBD.
  • ▌Brian Hodgers (Republican)[17]
Senate 19 Randy Fine Republican 2024 Incumbent resigning March 31, 2025, to run for U.S. Representative.[18]
New member to be elected TBD.

Iowa

[edit]
District Incumbent This race
Chamber No. Representative Party First
elected 		Results Candidates
Senate 35 Chris Cournoyer Republican 2018 Incumbent resigned December 16, 2024, to become Lieutenant Governor of Iowa.[19]
New member to be elected January 28, 2025.[20]
  • ▌Mike Zimmer (Democratic)[21]

Louisiana

[edit]
District Incumbent This race
Chamber No. Representative Party First
elected 		Results Candidates
Senate 14 Cleo Fields Democratic 2019 Incumbent resigning TBD to become a U.S. representative.
New member to be elected February 15, 2025.[22]
Senate 23 Jean-Paul Coussan Republican 2023 Incumbent resigning TBD to join the Louisiana Public Service Commission.[24]
New member to be elected February 15, 2025.[22]

Maine

[edit]
District Incumbent This race
Chamber No. Representative Party First
elected 		Results Candidates
House 24 Joe Perry Democratic 2019
(special) 		Incumbent resigned December 4, 2024, to become the Maine State Treasurer.[26]
New member to be elected February 25, 2025.[27]

Massachusetts

[edit]
District Incumbent This race
Chamber No. Representative Party First
elected 		Results Candidates
House Essex 6 Jerry Parisella Democratic 2010 Incumbent resigning TBD, after being confirmed as a District Court judge.[29]
New member to be elected TBD.
  • ▌Hannah Bowen (Democratic)[30]
  • ▌Medley Long III (Republican)[31]
  • ▌Todd Rotondo (Democratic)[30]

Michigan

[edit]
District Incumbent This race
Chamber No. Representative Party First
elected 		Results Candidates
Senate 35 Kristen McDonald Rivet Democratic 2022 Incumbent resigning TBD to become a U.S. representative.
New member to be elected TBD. 		TBD

Minnesota

[edit]
District Incumbent This race
Chamber No. Representative Party First
elected 		Results Candidates
House 40B Vacant None N/A Democrat Curtis Johnson was ruled ineligible to serve for violating Minnesota's residency requirement after winning in the general election.[32]
New member to be elected January 28, 2025.[33]
  • ▌Jasmine Carey (Democratic)[34]
  • ▌John Doan (Democratic)[35]
  • ▌David Gottfried (Democratic)[34]
  • ▌Mark Pitman (Democratic)[35]
  • ▌Kaying Thao (Democratic)[34]
  • ▌Paul Wikstrom (Republican)[35]
Senate 60 Kari Dziedzic DFL 2012
(special) 		Incumbent died December 27, 2024.[36]
New member to be elected January 28, 2025.[37]
  • ▌Iris Altamirano (Democratic)[34]
  • ▌Doron Clark (Democratic)[35]
  • ▌Mohamed Jama (Democratic)[34]
  • ▌Amal Karim (Democratic)[34]
  • ▌Jonathan Kraemer (Republican)[34]
  • ▌Monica Meyer (Democratic)[34]
  • ▌Harold Melcher (Democratic)[34]
  • ▌Clay Morgan (Democratic)[34]
  • ▌Joshua Preston (Democratic)[34]
  • ▌Emilio César Rodríguez (Democratic)[34]
  • ▌Peter Wagenius (Democratic)[35]
  • ▌Abigail Wolters (Republican)[34]
  • ▌Christopher Zimmerman (Republican)[34]

Mississippi

[edit]
District Incumbent This race
Chamber No. Representative Party First
elected 		Results Candidates
House 23 Andy Stepp Republican 2023 Incumbent died December 5, 2024.[38]
New member to be elected TBD. 		TBD
House 82 Charles Young Jr. Democratic 2011 Incumbent died December 19, 2024.[39]
New member to be elected TBD. 		TBD
Senate 18 Jenifer Branning Republican 2015 Incumbent resigning TBD to join the Mississippi Supreme Court.[40]
New member to be elected TBD. 		TBD

New Hampshire

[edit]
District Incumbent This race
Chamber No. Representative Party First
elected 		Results Candidates
House Strafford 12 Dawn Evans Democratic 2024 Representative-elect resigned December 2, 2024, after moving out of her district.[41]
New member to be elected TBD. 		TBD

New Jersey

[edit]
District Incumbent This race
Chamber No. Representative Party First
elected 		Results Candidates
Senate 35 Nellie Pou Democratic 2011 Incumbent resigning TBD to become a U.S. representative.
New member to be elected November 4, 2025. 		TBD

Oklahoma

[edit]
District Incumbent This race
Chamber No. Representative Party First
elected 		Results Candidates
Senate 8 Roger Thompson Republican 2014 Incumbent resigned November 1, 2024.[42]
New member to be elected May 13, 2025.
  • ▌Edward Jolly (Republican)[43]
  • ▌Bryan Keith Logan (Republican)[43]
  • ▌David Nelson (Republican)[43]
House 71 Amanda Swope Democratic 2022 Incumbent resigning by January 29, 2025, to become director of the Tulsa Office of Tribal Policy and Partnerships.[44]
New member to be elected TBD.
House 74 Mark Vancuren Republican 2018 Incumbent resigning TBD, to become top assistant to Tulsa County Commissioner Lonnie Sims.[46]
New member to be elected TBD.
  • ▌Sheila Vancuren[46]

Pennsylvania

[edit]
District Incumbent This race
Chamber No. Representative Party First
elected 		Results Candidates
Senate 36 Ryan Aument Republican 2014 Incumbent resigning TBD to become state director for U.S. Senator-elect Dave McCormick.[47]
New member to be elected TBD. 		TBD

South Carolina

[edit]
District Incumbent This race
Chamber No. Representative Party First
elected 		Results Candidates
House 113 Marvin R. Pendarvis Democratic 2017
(special) 		Incumbent resigned September 16, 2024, after having his law license suspended.[48]
New member to be elected March 25, 2025.
  • ▌Michelle Brandt (Democratic)[49]
  • ▌Courtney Waters (Democratic)[50]

Virginia

[edit]
District Incumbent This race
Chamber No. Representative Party First
elected 		Results Candidates
House 26 Kannan Srinivasan Democratic 2023 Incumbent resigning January 7, 2025, to focus on his run for State Senate.[51]
New member to be elected January 7, 2025.
  • ▌JJ Singh (Democratic)[52]
  • ▌Ram Venkatachalam (Republican)[53]
Senate 10 John McGuire Republican 2023 Incumbent resigned December 11, 2024, to become a U.S. representative.[54]
New member to be elected January 7, 2025.
  • ▌Luther Cifers (Republican)[55]
  • ▌Jack Trammel (Democratic)[55]
Senate 32 Suhas Subramanyam Democratic 2023 Incumbent resigned November 11, 2024, to become a U.S. representative.[56]
New member to be elected January 7, 2025.

Washington

[edit]
District Incumbent This race
Chamber No. Representative Party First
elected 		Results Candidates
House 33
Position 1 		Tina Orwall Democratic 2008 Incumbent resigned December 10, 2024, after being appointed to the State Senate.[58]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025.[e]
  • ▌Edwin Obras (Democratic)[58]
House 41
Position 1 		Tana Senn Democratic 2013 (appointed) Incumbent resigning by January 15, 2025, to lead the Washington Department of Children, Youth, and Families.[59]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025. 		TBD
Senate 26 Emily Randall Democratic 2018 Incumbent resigned December 8, 2024, to become a U.S. representative.[60]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025.[f]
Senate 33 Karen Keiser Democratic 2001
(appointed) 		Incumbent resigned December 10, 2024.[60]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025.[g]
Senate 34 Joe Nguyen Democratic 2018 Incumbent resigning TBD, to lead the Washington State Department of Commerce.[63] New member to be elected November 4, 2025. TBD
Senate 48 Patty Kuderer Democratic 2017
(appointed) 		Incumbent resigning TBD, after being elected as Washington State Insurance Commissioner.[60]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ A coalition of 14 Democrats, 5 Independents, and 2 Republicans will control the Alaska House of Representatives.[1]
  2. ^ A coalition of 9 Democrats and 5 Republicans will control the Alaska Senate.
  3. ^ The upper houses of Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Minnesota, New Jersey, and Texas use a 2-4-4 term length system.
  4. ^ In the 2024 election, Fong filed to run for re-election to his Assembly seat and also filed to run for U.S. House. He resigned his Assembly seat on May 24 after winning a special election for the U.S. House seat three days earlier. Fong attempted to withdraw from the State Assembly race, but per California law, his name could not be removed from the ballot. Despite unofficially dropping out of the race, Fong was reelected to his State Assembly seat in the November 2024 general election, necessitating a special election.[7]
  5. ^ Edwin Obras was appointed as interim representative by the King County Council on December 11, 2024.[58]
  6. ^ Deborah Krishnadasan was appointed as interim senator by the Kitsap County Board of County Commissioners and Pierce County Council on December 11, 2024.[61]
  7. ^ Tina Orwall was appointed as interim senator by the King County Council on December 11, 2024.[58]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Maguire, Sean (November 26, 2024). "Incoming bipartisan Alaska House and Senate majorities take shape with similar policy goals". Anchorage Daily News. Retrieved December 1, 2024.
  2. ^ "State legislative special elections, 2025". Ballotpedia. Retrieved September 23, 2024.
  3. ^ "How are vacancies filled in state legislatures?". Ballotpedia. Retrieved December 18, 2024.
  4. ^ Stephenson, Jemma (November 19, 2024). "Senate President Pro Tempore Greg Reed to take job with Gov. Kay Ivey • Alabama Reflector". Alabama Reflector. Retrieved November 20, 2024.
  5. ^ https://www.wbrc.com/2024/12/31/special-election-dates-set-fill-district-five-senate-seat/
  6. ^ Staff (November 25, 2024). "Matt Woods announces bid for Alabama Senate District 5 seat". Alabama Political Reporter. Retrieved November 26, 2024.
  7. ^ Gligich, Daniel (November 6, 2024). "Fong won two elections on Tuesday. Who might take over his old Assembly seat?". San Joaquin Valley Sun. Retrieved November 10, 2024.
  8. ^ Smith, Edward (December 11, 2024). "Farmer, Tech Entrepreneur Lines Up GOP Support to Seek Seat Vacated by Vince Fong". Retrieved December 15, 2024.
  9. ^ Farzan, Yusra (December 4, 2024). "Janet Nguyen sworn in as Orange County supervisor to fill seat left vacant by Andrew Do". KPCC. Retrieved December 15, 2024.
  10. ^ Slaten, Michael (November 25, 2024). "Huntington Beach councilmember Tony Strickland running to replace Janet Nguyen in state Senate". The Orange County Register. Retrieved December 15, 2024.
  11. ^ a b Montes, Olivia (November 15, 2024). "State Sens. Sarah McBride and Kyle Evans Gay have new jobs. What happens to their seats?". Delaware Online. Retrieved November 16, 2024.
  12. ^ a b Vasoli, Bradley (December 11, 2024). "Democrats pick Seigfried, Cruce for state Senate special elections". Delaware LIVE News. Retrieved December 13, 2024.
  13. ^ a b https://www.delawarepublic.org/politics-government/2024-12-22/delaware-gop-taps-burdge-washington-to-run-in-upcoming-state-senate-special-elections
  14. ^ Ogles, Jacob (November 25, 2024). "Joel Rudman resigns HD 3 seat to run for Congress". Florida Politics. Retrieved November 25, 2024.
  15. ^ Nicol, Ryan (December 9, 2024). "Former Okaloosa County Commissioner Nathan Boyles enters race to replace Joel Rudman". Florida Politics. Retrieved December 15, 2024.
  16. ^ a b Russon, Gabrielle (November 27, 2024). "Debbie Mayfield wants to return to former Florida Senate seat, and the stage is set". Florida Politics. Retrieved November 28, 2024.
  17. ^ Ogles, Jacob (December 4, 2024). "Brian Hodgers will run to succeed Debbie Mayfield in HD 32". Florida Politics. Retrieved December 7, 2024.
  18. ^ Ogles, Jacob (November 26, 2024). "Randy Fine officially resigns from Florida Senate". Florida Politics. Retrieved November 26, 2024.
  19. ^ Opsahl, Robin (December 16, 2024). "Sen. Chris Cournoyer appointed Iowa lieutenant governor". Iowa Capital Dispatch. Retrieved December 16, 2024.
  20. ^ https://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/news/politics/elections/2024/12/23/governor-kim-reynolds-sets-special-election-iowa-senate-district-35-seat-chris-cournoyer/77175770007/
  21. ^ https://www.bleedingheartland.com/2024/12/27/democrat-mike-zimmer-running-in-iowa-senate-district-35/
  22. ^ a b O'Donoghue, Julie (December 16, 2024). "Louisiana sets special election for state Senate seats". Louisiana Illuminator.
  23. ^ a b Bridges, Tyler (December 6, 2024). "Rep. Larry Selders and Carolyn Hill are vying to replace Cleo Fields in state Senate". The Times-Picayune/The New Orleans Advocate. Retrieved December 15, 2024.
  24. ^ Parker, Halle (November 6, 2024). "Jean-Paul Coussan wins Louisiana Public Service Commission District 2 race". WWNO. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
  25. ^ a b Marcantel, Stephen (November 14, 2024). "Broussard councilman, state representative announce bids for state Senate". The Advocate. Retrieved December 15, 2024.
  26. ^ Davis, Emma (December 4, 2024). "Sitting legislator to serve as state treasurer, prompting special election". Maine Morning Star. Retrieved December 15, 2024.
  27. ^ Hilton, Annamarie (December 20, 2024). "Special election for Maine House District 24 scheduled for February". Maine Morning Star. Retrieved December 30, 2024.
  28. ^ https://www.bangordailynews.com/2024/12/20/politics/sean-faircloth-former-bangor-city-councilor-seek-open-maine-house-seat/
  29. ^ "Beverly legislator approved for district court judgeship". The Boston Globe. December 18, 2024. Retrieved December 19, 2024.
  30. ^ a b https://www.salemnews.com/news/two-city-councilors-to-run-for-state-representative/article_0e7b6504-b8cc-11ef-aa4f-cf73cfa8f3d2.html
  31. ^ https://www.salemnews.com/news/long-joins-race-for-beverly-state-rep-seat/article_be312902-bbf1-11ef-b3b1-e75bb646ced7.html
  32. ^ Griffith, Michelle (December 20, 2024). "Republicans win MN House majority, for now, after judge rules candidate ineligible". Minnesota Reformer. Retrieved December 20, 2024.
  33. ^ https://www.house.mn.gov/SessionDaily/Story/18427
  34. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n https://www.startribune.com/candidates-file-for-special-elections-to-determine-control-of-mn-senate-house/601200742
  35. ^ a b c d e https://www.startribune.com/candidates-file-for-special-elections-to-determine-control-of-mn-senate-house/601200742
  36. ^ Ferguson, Dana (December 28, 2024). "Kari Dziedzic, former Minnesota Senate Majority Leader, dies at 62". MPR News. Retrieved December 28, 2024.
  37. ^ https://www.kaaltv.com/news/gov-walz-issues-writ-of-special-election-to-fill-vacancy-after-senator-kari-dziedzics-passing/
  38. ^ Vance, Taylor (December 5, 2024). "Calhoun County lawmaker Andy Stepp dies at 66". Mississippi Today. Retrieved December 5, 2024.
  39. ^ Corder, Frank (December 20, 2024). "State Rep. Charles Young, Jr. has died". Magnolia Tribune. Retrieved December 20, 2024.
  40. ^ Latino, Russ (November 27, 2024). "Jenifer Branning projected to unseat Supreme Court Justice Jim Kitchens". Magnolia Tribune. Retrieved November 28, 2024.
  41. ^ DeWitt, Ethan (December 4, 2024). "Packard to lead House, Carson chosen in Senate; new committee on housing formed". New Hampshire Bulletin. Retrieved December 4, 2024. Rep. Dawn Evans, a Democrat from Somersworth, has resigned her seat because she has moved out of her district.
  42. ^ Murphy, Emma (June 14, 2024). "Senator Thompson resigns, triggers special election". Oklahoma Voice. Retrieved September 24, 2024.
  43. ^ a b c Loveless, Tristan (December 12, 2024). "Rep. Amanda Swope joining Nichols administration as Tulsa's tribal director, special election looms". NonDoc. Retrieved December 16, 2024.
  44. ^ Canfield, Kevin (December 12, 2024). "Mayor Monroe Nichols names director of Office of Tribal Policy and Partnerships". Tulsa World. Retrieved December 12, 2024.
  45. ^ Krehbiel, Randy (December 14, 2024). "Political notebook: General revenue drops ahead of budget forecast". Tulsa World. Retrieved December 16, 2024.
  46. ^ a b Savage, Tres (December 18, 2024). "Rep. Mark Vancuren to join Sims at Tulsa County, trigger another special election". NonDoc. Retrieved December 20, 2024.
  47. ^ Sweitzer, Justin (December 10, 2024). "Aument exit will trigger special election in PA's 36th Senate District". City & State PA. Retrieved December 13, 2024.
  48. ^ Kenmore, Abraham (September 19, 2024). "State Rep. Marvin Pendarvis resigns amid accusations from a former client". South Carolina Daily Gazette. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
  49. ^ Kayanja, Ian (November 22, 2024). "Michelle Brandt files for S.C. House District 113 election with focus on family and safety". WCIV. Retrieved December 15, 2024.
  50. ^ "Courtney Waters runs for South Carolina House seat vacated by Marvin Pendarvis". WCIV. November 7, 2024. Retrieved December 15, 2024.
  51. ^ Pampaloni, Hanna (November 18, 2024). "Srinivasan Resigns, Parties Prepare for Second Special Election". LoudounNow. Retrieved November 19, 2024.
  52. ^ "JJ Singh wins democratic nomination for House District 26 in firehouse primary". WJLA.com. November 23, 2024. Retrieved November 23, 2024.
  53. ^ "Republicans Nominate Venkatachalam for House Seat, Democrats Prepare for Another Primary". LoudounNow.com. November 19, 2024. Retrieved November 19, 2024.
  54. ^ Beyer, Elizabeth (December 12, 2024). "Special election date set for Senate District 10 after McGuire formally resigns". Retrieved December 15, 2024.
  55. ^ a b Schmidt, Markus (December 14, 2024). "Cifers triumphs in multi-round vote to represent GOP in state Senate District 10 special election". Virginia Mercury. Retrieved December 14, 2024.
  56. ^ "Special election scheduled for Jan. 7, 2025, to fill vacant Virginia Senate seat". WUSA. November 12, 2024. Retrieved November 19, 2024.
  57. ^ a b "Tumay Harding, Kannan Srinivasan to face off in VA Senate District 32 special election". WJLA. November 16, 2024. Retrieved November 19, 2024.
  58. ^ a b c d e Demkovich, Laurel (December 11, 2024). "Replacement picked for longtime Washington state senator". The Chronicle. Retrieved December 13, 2024.
  59. ^ https://amp.theolympian.com/news/state/washington/article297309914.html
  60. ^ a b c Demkovich, Laurel (November 22, 2024). "Three WA Senate Democrats are leaving their jobs. Here's what happens next". Washington State Standard. Retrieved November 25, 2024.
  61. ^ a b Demkovich, Laurel (December 11, 2024). "Gig Harbor education leader to become WA's newest Democratic state senator". Washington State Standard. Retrieved December 15, 2024.
  62. ^ Carter, Simone (December 9, 2024). "State Rep. Michelle Caldier announces campaign for Emily Randall's seat in WA state Senate". The Olympian. Retrieved December 15, 2024.
  63. ^ https://b-townblog.com/sen-joe-nguyen-appointed-as-washington-state-commerce-director/
  64. ^ Villeneuve, Andrew (December 8, 2024). "King County Democrats choose nominees to fill vacancies created by Karen Keiser's retirement, Patty Kuderer's statewide victory". Northwest Progressive Institute. Retrieved December 15, 2024.
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