2023 Serbian parliamentary election
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All 250 seats in the National Assembly 126 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turnout | 58.77% ( 0.24pp) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
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Parliamentary elections were held in Serbia on 17 December 2023 to elect members of the National Assembly. While they were initially scheduled to be held by 30 April 2026, Aleksandar Vučić, the president of Serbia, called a snap election in November 2023. In addition to the parliamentary elections, the Vojvodina provincial and local elections were held in 65 cities and municipalities, including the capital, Belgrade.
The Serbian Progressive Party (SNS) came to power after the 2012 election when it formed a coalition government with the Socialist Party of Serbia. In the 2022 parliamentary election, SNS lost its parliamentary majority while opposition parties returned to the National Assembly. The United for the Victory of Serbia alliance, which placed second, was dissolved shortly after the election. Ana Brnabić, who has been the prime minister since 2017, and her third cabinet were inaugurated in October 2022. Her cabinet saw several changes in 2023; Branko Ružić resigned and Rade Basta was dismissed. Brnabić's cabinet has also been involved in the North Kosovo crisis and was faced with anti-government protests from May to November 2023, which were triggered after the Belgrade school shooting and a mass murder near Mladenovac and Smederevo.
Opposition parties organising the protests formed the Serbia Against Violence coalition in October. The campaign was met with an increase in political tensions, polarisation, and voter intimidation. Candidates campaigned on issues such as fighting against crime and corruption, decreasing inflation, and the Ohrid Agreement. Despite not being a candidate and no longer being president of SNS, Vučić mainly represented SNS during the campaign. The Republic Electoral Commission proclaimed 18 electoral lists for the parliamentary election.
Monitoring and non-governmental organisations reported that the election day was marked with electoral fraud, mostly in the Belgrade region. ODIHR concluded that the elections were well organised, but that SNS had a systematic advantage in the election and abused public funds. The election resulted into SNS regaining its parliamentary majority, despite opinion polls predicting a decrease of support, and SPS suffering from its worst result since the 2007 election. The We – Voice from the People of conspiracy theorist Branimir Nestorović also unexpectedly gained representation in the National Assembly. Mass protests were held in December, with SPN and other organisers calling for the annulment of election results. Miloš Vučević formed his cabinet in May 2024.
Background
[edit]A populist coalition, led by the Serbian Progressive Party (SNS), came to power after the 2012 election, along with the Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS).[1][2] Aleksandar Vučić, who initially served as deputy prime minister and later as prime minister, was elected president of Serbia in 2017 and re-elected in 2022.[3][4] Since he came to power, observers have assessed that Serbia has suffered from democratic backsliding into authoritarianism, followed by a decline in media freedom and civil liberties.[5][6] In 2023, the V-Dem Institute categorised Serbia as an electoral autocracy, while Freedom House noted that SNS "eroded political rights and civil liberties, put pressure on independent media, the opposition, and civil society organisations".[7][8][9]
The Together We Can Do Everything coalition, which was led by SNS, lost its parliamentary majority in the 2022 parliamentary election; the election also oversaw twelve electoral lists in total cross the 3% threshold, including the ones from the opposition.[10] Non-governmental and election monitoring organisations reported that electoral irregularities occurred during the voting day.[11][12][13] Following the election, the United for the Victory of Serbia (UZPS) coalition, which placed second, was dissolved due to inter-coalition conflicts.[14][15] Ana Brnabić, who has been the prime minister of Serbia since 2017, and her third cabinet were sworn in on 26 October 2022.[16] Rade Basta, a minister in Brnabić's cabinet, voiced his support for introducing sanctions on Russia in March 2023.[17] SPS and United Serbia (JS) later submitted a proposal to dismiss him from government, which went successful.[18][19] In May 2023, Vučić was succeeded by Miloš Vučević as president of SNS.[20]
North Kosovo crisis
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Beginning in July 2022, tensions between Serbia and Kosovo heightened, firstly due to the expiration of the eleven-year validity period for car documents.[21][22] After negotiations with the diplomatic representatives of the European Union in August, an agreement on car documents was reached.[23] The agreement went into effect on 1 September, with the deadline for obtaining new car documents set for 31 October 2022.[22] A proposed agreement to normalise tensions between the two countries, later-informally known as the Ohrid Agreement, was sent to Serbia and Kosovo by diplomats Jens Plötner and Emmanuel Bonne, and was leaked in September 2022.[24] Its existence was confirmed by Serbia and Kosovo a month later.[25] Shortly before the deadline for the car documents expired, Albin Kurti, the prime minister of Kosovo, announced that a phased implementation would instead be implemented up to 21 April 2023.[26] In protest to the announcement, hundreds of Kosovo Serb police officers, mayors, and Serb List politicians resigned from their positions.[27] Another agreement regarding documents was reached in November 2022, after negotiations with the European Union; it was announced that licence plates issued by Serbia would continue to be in use in North Kosovo.[28][29]
After claims that the Regional Operational Support Unit (ROSU) allegedly raided North Mitrovica in December 2022, Serbia announced that it would deploy Serbian forces to Kosovo.[30] The government of Kosovo denied the claim that ROSU entered North Mitrovica, while Kosovo Force rejected Serbia's request to deploy Serbian forces to Kosovo.[31][32] Amidst this, barricades were put up in North Kosovo and ultranationalist protests were organised in Belgrade.[33][34] Negotiations between Serbia and Kosovo continued, and in March 2023 Vučić and Kurti verbally agreed to implement the Ohrid Agreement.[35]
An attack perpetrated by Serb militants occurred on 24 September 2023 in Banjska, a village in North Kosovo.[36][37] The attack resulted in death of one Kosovo Police officer and three Serb militants.[36] Milan Radoičić, a businessman and member of the Serb List, admitted being involved in the attack; he was later arrested by the government of Serbia, but the Supreme Court denied the motion to place Radoičić in custody for 30 days and he was ultimately released.[38][39] In response to the attack, Serbia declared a national day of mourning for 27 September due to the death of three Serb militants.[40] Kosovo alleged that the Serb participants had close relations with Vučić and the government of Serbia.[41][42] The European Parliament also adopted a resolution to introduce measures against Serbia if proven to be directly involved in the attack.[43]
2023 protests
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In May 2023, the Belgrade school shooting and a mass murder near Mladenovac and Smederevo occurred.[44][45] The government responded by adopting measures such as stricter regulations on gun ownership and hiring 1,200 police officers to schools.[46][47] The response was also criticised, particularly due to the statement of Branko Ružić, the minister of education, who said that "a cancerous, pernicious influence of the Internet, video games, and so-called Western values, is evident" (evidentan je kancerogen, poguban uticaj interneta video igrica, takozvanih zapadnih vrednosti) in the shooting, and Brnabić, who said that the "system did not fail" (sistem nije zakazao) when responding to the claims that the government could have stopped the shootings.[48][49]
This resulted in mass protests, named Serbia Against Violence, which began on 8 May.[50][51] Tens of thousands of demonstrators attended the protests.[52][53][54] Despite being organised by the Democratic Party (DS), Do not let Belgrade drown (NDB), Party of Freedom and Justice (SSP), People's Party (Narodna), and Together opposition parties, no party signs were reported to be seen at the protests.[55] In response to Serbia Against Violence protests, Vučić held an SNS-organised gathering on 26 May.[56] The protests have been continuously organised in Belgrade and other cities from May 2023 until November 2023.[57][58][59]
In response to the shootings, and a day before the protests began, Ružić announced his resignation.[60] Đorđe Milićević was appointed as acting minister and was succeeded by Slavica Đukić Dejanović in late July 2023.[61][62] As one of the demands of the protests, organisers initiated a motion in the National Assembly to dismiss minister Bratislav Gašić in early July 2023, however, the motion was unsuccessful.[63]
Electoral system
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 Serbia portal |
The 250 members of the National Assembly are elected by closed-list proportional representation from a single nationwide constituency.[64][65] Eligible voters vote for electoral lists, on which the candidates of the accepted lists are present. A maximum of 250 candidates could be present on a single electoral list. An electoral list could be submitted by a registered political party, a coalition of political parties, or a citizens' group.[65] To submit an electoral list, at least 10,000 valid signatures must be collected, though ethnic minority parties only need to collect 5,000 signatures to qualify on ballot.[65][66] At least 40% of candidates on electoral lists must be female.[67] The electoral list is submitted by its chosen representative or representatives. An electoral list could be declined, after which those who had submitted can fix the deficiencies in a span of 48 hours, or rejected, if the person is not authorised to nominate candidates. The name and date of the election, names of the electoral lists and its representatives, and information on how to vote are only present on the voting ballot.[68]
The Republic Electoral Commission (RIK), local election commissions, and polling boards oversee the election.[68] Seats are allocated using the d'Hondt method with an electoral threshold of 3% of all votes cast, although the threshold is waived for ethnic minority parties.[64][69] The seats are distributed by dividing the total number of votes received by the electoral list participating in the distribution of seats by each number from one to 250. If two or more electoral lists receive the same quotients on the basis of which the seat is distributed, the electoral list that received the greater number of votes has the priority.[68] Parliamentary seats are awarded to candidates from electoral lists according to their order, starting with the first candidate from an electoral list.[65]
A parliamentary election is called by the president of Serbia, who also has to announce its date and dissolve the National Assembly in the process.[65][68] According to law, the next parliamentary election was supposed to take place by 30 April 2026.[70] It is possible for a snap election to take place.[71] To vote, a person has to be a citizen and resident of Serbia and at least 18 years old.[70] For those who live abroad, they are able to vote at diplomatic missions.[64] At least five days before the election, citizens are notified about the election; citizens receive information about the day and time of the election and the address of the polling station where they can vote.[65] Election silence begins two days before the voting day and it lasts until the closure of all polling stations.[72] During the election day, eligible voters could vote from 07:00 (UTC+01:00) to 20:00, though if the polling station is opened later than 07:00, voting is then extended by the amount of time for which the opening of the polling station was delayed.[68][73] Voters who are not able to vote at polling stations due to being sick, old, or invalid have to inform their election commission before 11:00 so that they could vote on the election day from their home between after 11:00.[73]
Election date
[edit]In April 2023, newspaper Danas reported that the parliamentary elections, local elections, the Vojvodina provincial election, and the Belgrade City Assembly election could be held as early as in November 2023.[74] Shortly after the beginning of the 2023 protests, Vučić hinted that snap elections could take place before September 2023.[75][76] Vučić continued to hint that early parliamentary elections could be held either in September or December 2023, or concurrently with the local and Vojvodina provincial elections in April or May 2024.[77][78] By law, the Vojvodina provincial election and regular local elections could have been held as late as 30 June 2024.[79]
Newspaper Nova and news portal N1 reported in September 2023 that the government considered 19 December 2023 as the date for local, provincial, and parliamentary elections.[80][81] Vučić and Vučević also held a gathering with officials from Vojvodina on 5 September, to discuss the Vojvodina provincial election.[82] The 17 December date was later mentioned by Vučić on 27 September.[83] The decision to hold snap elections was confirmed a day later at a government session.[84] For the election to take place on 17 December, the government of Serbia had to formally propose to dissolve the National Assembly between 18 October and 2 November. The president of Serbia then had 72 hours to decide whether to dissolve the National Assembly or not.[85] The government of Serbia sent Vučić the proposal to dissolve the National Assembly and organise local elections in 65 cities and municipalities on 30 October.[86] On 1 November, Vučić dissolved the National Assembly and called the elections for 17 December.[87] The official campaign period lasted 46 days.[88] Ognjen Radonjić, a professor at the Faculty of Philosophy, and Dragan Popović, the director of the Centre for Practical Politics, argued that the Banjska attack was one of the main reasons why Vučić announced early elections.[89] The Assembly of Vojvodina also dissolved itself on 16 November, also setting the provincial election date for 17 December.[90]
The 2023 parliamentary election was the first parliamentary election to be held in the winter season since the 2007 parliamentary election, which was held on 21 January.[91] Dejan Bursać, a teaching associate at the Institute for Political Studies, argued that ruling parties "avoid the winter for voting because the voters are more dissatisfied, the turnout cannot be easily controlled because of the weather, and the costs to the people are increased" (izbegavaju zimu za glasanje jer su glasači nezadovoljniji, a ne može se ni izlaznot lako kontrolisati zbog vremena i uz to su povećani troškovi ljudima).[92] Ivana Petronijević Terzić, a Demostat journalist, has also listed increased inflation, higher bills due to heating, and worse weather conditions as one of the reasons, but also said that under "normal circumstances and a democratic atmosphere" (normalne okolonsti i demokratska atmosfera) these reasons would be a problem.[92] In preparations for the elections, RIK began acquiring election equipment, including ballot boxes, UV lamps, and finger sprays, on 13 October.[93]
Election conditions
[edit]A group of opposition parties, led by the Forward to Europe (PE) and Green–Left Front (ZLF) parliamentary groups, sent a joint letter to Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and other election observers in Serbia in September 2023, with the request to declare the status of election conditions for the upcoming elections. PE and ZLF alleged that the conditions had worsened since the 2022 parliamentary election and said that the organisations should contemplate about rating the elections as not free and undemocratic if the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) advices were not implemented.[94] In an Insajder interview, political scientist Cvijetin Milivojević also claimed that the conditions were worse in comparison with the previous election, but added that due to the short campaign timespan "it is impossible to fix those conditions now" (nemoguće je popraviti te uslove).[95] Bursać and Jovana Đurbabić from non-governmental and monitoring organisation CRTA listed "unequal access to the media, campaign of party officials, and control of the elections at the polling stations" (nejednak pristup medijima, funkcionerska kampanja i kontrola samih izbora na biračkom mestu) as the three main problems of the election conditions in Serbia.[96]
After PE and ZLF, Brnabić also called OSCE and ODIHR in October 2023 to monitor the elections, while accusing opposition parties of wanting foreign interference in the elections and trying to form an insight that elections in Serbia are not free and undemocratic.[97][98][99] Brnabić claimed that the government of Serbia adopted most of the ODIHR advices and that election conditions were improved.[100][101] In its analysis, CRTA claimed that conditions were only improved in administrative aspects and that recommendations related to voter pressure, misuse of public resources, and media coverage remained unfulfilled.[101] ODIHR announced that it would monitor the elections and that it would deploy 30 long-term observers and 250 observers that would observe the elections on the election day.[102] The National Youth Council of Serbia (KOMS) and a delegation of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) announced that they would also monitor the elections in Serbia.[103][104] RIK announced that 5,587 observers would monitor the elections in total.[105]
The Committee for Culture and Information of the National Assembly amended the ban on campaign of party officials, extending it to 30 days, as part of the proposed changes to the Law on Public Information and Media which the National Assembly adopted on 26 October.[106][107] On the same day, the National Assembly also appointed general manager of the National Theatre Svetislav Goncić, political scientist Aleksandar Milosavljević, professor Dragan Vučinić, political scientist Jovanka Matić, science advisor Slobodan Prvanović, professor Branko Rakić, law counselor Miodrag Savović, professor Bojan Tubić, scientist Vojin Vučićević, and opera singer Aleksandar Stamatović as members of the supervisory board for the Election Campaign, which was established on 13 November.[108][109]
In mid November 2023, ODIHR announced that it requested to collect the votes of Serbian citizens on Kosovo.[110] Kurti responded by saying that "Kosovo and Serbia must reach a special agreement so that members of the Serbian community in Kosovo, who have dual citizenship, could vote on the territory of Kosovo in the Serbian parliamentary elections".[111] On 23 November, RIK announced that there were no conditions to organise elections on Kosovo and that those with dual citizenship could instead exercise their right to vote in Serbian cities of Vranje, Kuršumlija, Raška, and Tutin.[112] The European Union criticised Kosovo's rejection of holding the Serbian parliamentary election on its territory.[113]
Political parties
[edit]The table below lists political parties and coalitions elected to the National Assembly after the 2022 parliamentary election. Out of 19 electoral lists, only 7 crossed the 3% threshold while 5 minority electoral lists crossed the waived electoral threshold.[114] The official results were postponed until 5 July, due to the repeated voting in Veliki Trnovac, where a seat in the National Assembly was battled between SPS and the Albanian Coalition of Preševo Valley (KSLP), led by the Party for Democratic Action.[115][116] At the fifth repeat election, held on 30 June, KSLP won enough votes to earn a seat in the National Assembly.[117]
| Name | Ideology | Political position | Leader | 2022 result | ||
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| Votes (%) | Seats | |||||
| SNS–led coalition | Populism | Big tent | Aleksandar Vučić | 44.27% | 120 / 250
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| United for the Victory of Serbia | Anti-corruption | Centre | Marinika Tepić | 14.09% | 38 / 250
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| SPS–JS–Zeleni | Populism | Big tent | Ivica Dačić | 11.79% | 31 / 250
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| National Democratic Alternative | National conservatism | Right-wing | Vojislav Mihailović | 5.54% | 15 / 250
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| We Must | Green politics | Centre-left to left-wing | Nebojša Zelenović | 4.84% | 13 / 250
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| Dveri–POKS | Serbian nationalism | Right-wing to far-right | Boško Obradović | 3.92% | 10 / 250
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| Serbian Party Oathkeepers | Ultranationalism | Far-right | Milica Đurđević Stamenkovski |
3.82% | 10 / 250
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| Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians | Minority politics | István Pásztor | 1.63% | 5 / 250
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| Justice and Reconciliation Party | Usame Zukorlić | 0.97% | 3 / 250
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| DSHV–ZZV | Tomislav Žigmanov | 0.65% | 2 / 250
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| SDA Sandžak | Sulejman Ugljanin | 0.56% | 2 / 250
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| Party for Democratic Action | Shaip Kamberi | 0.27% | 1 / 250
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| Source: Republic Bureau of Statistics[114] | ||||||
Pre-election composition
[edit]The thirteenth convocation of the National Assembly held its first session on 1 August 2022, at which the 13th parliamentary composition was formalised.[118][119] Vladimir Orlić of SNS was elected president of the National Assembly on 2 August, while Sandra Božić (SNS), Snežana Paunović (SPS), Elvira Kovács (Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians, VMSZ), Usame Zukorlić (Justice and Reconciliation Party, SPP), Božidar Delić (National Democratic Alternative, NADA), Borko Stefanović (SPP), and Zoran Lutovac (DS) were elected vice-presidents.[120] Delić died shortly after taking office and was replaced by Vojislav Mihailović in November 2022.[121][122] The composition of the National Assembly changed since the first session in August 2022; for example, the European Regions, a parliamentary group composed of minority interest parties, briefly existed until October 2022.[123][124] The last session of the thirteenth convocation was held from 23 to 26 October.[125][126]
| Groups | Parties | MPs | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seats | Total | ||||
| Aleksandar Vučić – Together We Can Do Everything | SNS | 99 | 109 | ||
| PSS–BK | 3 | ||||
| SNP | 2 | ||||
| PS | 2 | ||||
| SPO | 2 | ||||
| NSS | 1 | ||||
| Ivica Dačić – Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS) | SPS | 22 | 23 | ||
| Zeleni | 1 | ||||
| Forward to Europe – SSP, PSG, Reversal, Sloga | SSP | 9 | 15 | ||
| PSG | 3 | ||||
| PZP | 1 | ||||
| USS Sloga | 1 | ||||
| Fatherland | 1 | ||||
| NADA – New DSS – POKS | NDSS | 7 | 14 | ||
| POKS | 7 | ||||
| Democratic Party – DS | DS | 10 | 10 | ||
| United Serbia – Dragan Marković Palma | JS | 7 | 8 | ||
| People's Party | Narodna | 8 | 8 | ||
| People's Movement of Serbia – Ecological Uprising – New Face of Serbia | NPS | 4 | 8 | ||
| EU | 3 | ||||
| NLS | 1 | ||||
| Serbian Party Oathkeepers | SSZ | 8 | 8 | ||
| Social Democratic Party of Serbia | SDPS | 7 | 7 | ||
| PUPS – Solidarity and Justice | PUPS | 6 | 6 | ||
| Serbian Movement Dveri – Patriotic Bloc | Dveri | 6 | 6 | ||
| For Reconciliation SPP–USS–DSHV | SPP | 2 | 6 | ||
| DSHV | 1 | ||||
| USS | 1 | ||||
| SNS | 1 | ||||
| Independent | 1 | ||||
| We Must – Together | Together | 5 | 5 | ||
| Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians | VMSZ/SVM | 5 | 5 | ||
| Green–Left Front, Do not let Belgrade drown | ZLF | 5 | 5 | ||
| MPs not members of parliamentary groups | SDAS | 1 | 7 | ||
| NN–IJS | 1 | ||||
| PVD/PDD | 1 | ||||
| SSD | 1 | ||||
| ZZV | 1 | ||||
| Independents | 2 | ||||
Pre-election activities
[edit]Government parties
[edit]Vučić hinted at a potential formation of a bloc or a movement in September 2022, which he later revealed in March 2023 to be the People's Movement for the State (NPZD).[128][129] He said that NPZD would act as a "supra-party movement" (nadstranački pokret) and that SNS would not be dissolved.[130] Vučević confirmed that SNS would take part in the movement.[131] Initially announced to be formalised in May 2023, the date was subsequently moved towards autumn 2023.[132][133] Political commentators pointed out that SPS is divided on the issue of joining NPZD and that as a result, the formalisation of NPZD was delayed.[134] Predrag J. Marković, one of the vice-presidents of SPS, said that the identity of SPS would cease to exist if it had joined the movement.[135] Considering that NPZD was not mentioned at the main board session of SNS in October 2023, analyst Đorđe Vukadinović of Nova srpska politička misao (NSPM) and political analyst Dragomir Anđelković argued that NPZD could be only as a slogan for the upcoming elections.[136] Vučić, however, announced in late October 2023 that NPZD will be formed in the coming period.[137] The movement was ultimately formalised in 2024.[138]
Tomislav Žigmanov, the president of the Democratic Alliance of Croats in Vojvodina (DSHV), announced in October 2023 that DSHV would contest the 2023 election in an electoral alliance, with the justification being "because minorities in Serbia do not have guaranteed seats in the parliament" (jer u Srbiji manjine nemaju garantovana mesta u parlamentu).[139] Rasim Ljajić, the president of the Social Democratic Party of Serbia (SDPS), announced that his party would contest the elections with SNS again.[140] Healthy Serbia, led by Milan Stamatović, was announced as an addition to the SNS-led coalition.[141] Additionally, SNS and SPS announced that they would not contest the parliamentary election together and that SPS would again take part in the election JS and Greens of Serbia (Zeleni).[142][143]
Opposition parties
[edit]After the dissolution of the UZPS coalition, SSP, Movement of Free Citizens, Movement for Reversal, and United Trade Unions of Serbia Sloga, formed the Ujedinjeni parliamentary group in the National Assembly in August 2022.[14][144] Ujedinjeni changed its name to Forward to Europe in July 2023.[145] Zdravko Ponoš, the presidential candidate of the UZPS coalition, left Narodna after the 2022 elections.[146] He formed the Serbia Centre (SRCE) organisation in June 2022 and in July 2023 it was registered as a political party.[147][148]
The We Must alliance was also dissolved after the 2022 elections, but its member parties said that they would continue cooperating in the National Assembly.[119][149] Together, with Aleksandar Jovanović Ćuta, Biljana Stojković, and Nebojša Zelenović as its co-presidents, was formed in June 2022 as a merger of Together for Serbia, Ecological Uprising (EU), and Assembly of Free Serbia.[150][151] Solidarity, which was also affiliated with the We Must alliance, merged into Together in January 2023.[152] In August 2023, Ćuta and other members of EU left Together and joined the parliamentary group led by People's Movement of Serbia (NPS).[153][154] NDB announced in late June 2022 that it had adopted a platform to work on becoming a registered political party; it began collecting signatures in May 2023.[155][156] NDB also announced that it would rename itself to Green–Left Front (ZLF).[157] ZLF was formalised in July 2023.[158]
Within Narodna, a dispute between its president Vuk Jeremić and vice-president Miroslav Aleksić began in June 2023.[159] Aleksić was eventually removed from the position of the party's executive board in July 2023; he then publicly acknowledged the conflict between him and Jeremić.[160][161] Although a leadership election was scheduled for October 2023, Aleksić left Narodna and reconstituted NPS in August 2023.[162] Together with Miloš Parandilović, the president of the New Face of Serbia (NLS), they formed a parliamentary group in the National Assembly.[163]
Following his dismissal from JS, Basta formed the European Way Movement (PEP), now portraying himself as an opposition politician.[164][165] Mladen Mrdalj, a political scientist, criticised Basta as an opportunist.[165] PEP announced in September 2023 that it would contest the upcoming elections.[166] Besides Basta, former SNS-turned-opposition politicians Zorana Mihajlović, Dragan Šormaz, and Stanislava Pak formed the Always for Serbia organisation in September 2023.[167] Opposition parties organising the Serbia Against Violence protests refused to cooperate with them due to formerly being aligned with SNS.[168]
Election alliances
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In an interview for newspaper Nova in August 2023, Marinika Tepić, one of the vice-presidents of SSP, stated that the creation of an electoral alliance of political parties that organise the Serbia Against Violence protests is possible. "During this one year of work in the National Assembly, and especially in these last three months during the protests, we, [opposition parties], managed to build trust stronger than ever before" (Tokom ovih godinu dana rada u Narodnoj skupštini, a naročito u poslednja tri meseca tokom protesta, uspeli da izgradimo poverenje snažno kao nikad do sad), Tepić said.[169] It was noted that DS, SRCE, Together, and ZLF opposition parties intensively cooperated with each other, as early as April 2023.[170][171] DS, SRCE, and Together signed a cooperation agreement in late August 2023, establishing greater cooperation between the parties.[172][173] Slobodan Cvejić of SRCE expressed his support for creating even greater cooperation between opposition parties.[174]
Radomir Lazović of ZLF also announced in July 2023 that ZLF prepared framework principles of cooperation to achieve non-aggression among opposition parties, joint control of elections, and consolidation of parties into a bigger alliance.[175] Lazović has, however, opposed the creation of a single coalition of all opposition parties, stating that it could possibly lead to the loss of votes.[176] PE member parties, ZLF, DS, Together, NPS, EU, and NLS signed an agreement, titled Agreement for Victory, in late September 2023, announcing joint support for calling snap elections and electoral reforms.[177] At an 18 October press conference, Srđan Milivojević of DS, said that there were "no dissonant voices" (nema disonantnih tonova) at the negotiations about the creation of a joint alliance.[178] Nova–DS2P and the Social Democratic Party (SDS), led by former president of Serbia Boris Tadić, both expressed support for joining the opposition alliance.[179][180] The agreement between the parties was reached on 26 October and the coalition, named Serbia Against Violence (SPN), was formalised and presented to the public a day later.[181][182]
From the political right, Milica Đurđević Stamenkovski, the president of the Serbian Party Oathkeepers (SSZ), expressed her opposition towards creating a joint opposition alliance due to foreign policy differences.[183] Boško Obradović, the president of Dveri, has, however, voiced support for the formation of a "state-building bloc" (državotvorni blok) that would include SSZ and National Democratic Alternative (NADA); Obradović also added that he also saw Narodna as a member in their bloc.[184] Miloš Jovanović, the president of the New Democratic Party of Serbia (NDSS), stated that NADA would be open to cooperate with Dveri and SSZ, while Jeremić called for the formation of a coalition that would include Dveri, SSZ, NADA, and Enough is Enough (DJB).[185][186] In October 2023, Dveri and SSZ formalised a coalition, named National Gathering (NO), for the upcoming elections; they also invited NADA and Narodna to join their bloc.[187] NADA, however, held separate negotiations with Narodna instead.[188] Additional negotiations between Dveri, SSZ, NADA, and Narodna were held in late October 2023, however, the parties were unable to form a joint electoral alliance due to SSZ rejecting the proposed document.[189][190] Narodna and the Serbian Radical Party (SRS), led by Vojislav Šešelj, opted to take part in the elections independently.[191][192]
Electoral lists
[edit]With the dissolution of the National Assembly and a call for elections to be held on 17 December, the deadline to submit electoral lists was set for 26 November.[193] The collective electoral list was published by RIK on 1 December, with 2,818 candidates listed in total.[194] The following table includes electoral lists that were confirmed by RIK and that took part in the 2023 parliamentary election.[195] The electoral lists of PEP, which submitted its electoral list under two Bunjevci minority parties, and Pavle Bihali of Levijatan-led Russian Minority Alliance were rejected by RIK due to not having enough valid signatures.[196][197][198]
M — National minority list
Campaign
[edit]Croatian daily newspaper Večernji list described the 2023 election as "the most uncertain election since 2012".[215] Political scientist and journalist Aleksandar Ivković argued that the campaign was unprincipled, listing graffitis, posters, music videos, and tabloid media content that were perpetrated against opposition parties.[216] Political scientist Boban Stojanović estimated that the political friction did not decrease and that "political violence will be seen until the end of the election campaign" (političko nasilje biće prisutno do kraja kampanje).[217] Stojanović said that the election was more uncertain than the 2022 election.[218]
During their visit in Serbia, PACE representatives concluded that the campaign was met with polarisation and intimidation from the government.[219] Raša Nedeljkov from CRTA expected a rigorous and "dirty" (prljavu) campaign with bigotry as its cornerstone; he listed the targeting of political opponents, media representatives, civil society organisations, and election observers as examples.[220] CRTA claimed that voter intimidation increased during the campaign period.[221] During the first three weeks of the election campaign, CRTA reported in its analysis that "inequality, suspicions and threats" (neravnopravnost, sumnje i pretnje) were seen, claiming that government parties had significant advantage due to the abuse of public institutions.[222] Amidst the campaign, the Centre for Investigative Journalism of Serbia (CINS) also released a report in which it was revealed that during the campaign period a youth organisation operating a call centre was tasked with intimidating voters. CINS also reported that the call centre also possessed a database of voters, with voters sorted in groups based on whether they are a member of SNS, a SNS voter, or a non-SNS voter.[223]
An informal organisation of high school students launched a campaign in October 2023 named "It's Up To You Too" (I ti se pitaš), aimed at first-time voters in the 2023 parliamentary election.[224] The Civic Initiatives, a non-governmental organisation, also launched a campaign with activists, professors, and public figures to boost the turnout and the number of controllers (members of polling stations) in the 2023 election.[225] A group of public figures, including actors Svetlana Bojković, Dragan Bjelogrlić, former Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts president Vladimir S. Kostić, legal scholar and judge Miodrag Majić, and former University of Belgrade rector Ivanka Popović, formed the initiative ProGlas on 7 November 2023 to boost the electoral turnout for the 2023 election and "stop the explosion of crime and corruption in society" (zaustave eksploziju kriminala i korupcije u društvu).[226] The ProGlas initiative received than more 100,000 signatures of support by 15 November.[227] Regarding ProGlas, political scientist Duško Radosavljević said that "if we will remember this campaign for something, it will be because of the attempt by professional and respected people to ask for a new understanding of politics. For me, that is a force that provides a real chance for Serbia to be better" (Ako ćemo po nečemu pamtiti ovu kampanju, to će biti taj pokušaj stručnih i uglednih ljudi da zatraže novo poimanje politike. To je za mene neka sila koja pruža realnu šansu da Srbija bude bolja).[228]
The 2023 parliamentary election campaign also saw the increase of usage of the social media platform TikTok among politicians.[229][230] Vučić, Tadić, Tepić, SPS president Ivica Dačić, and finance minister Siniša Mali all joined the platform in November 2023, to present themselves to younger voters.[229][231] Jelena Kleut, a professor at the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Belgrade, said that "knowing the Serbian Progressive Party, this move is based on data suggesting that the TikTok electorate might be interested in going to the polls in the election" (Znajući Srpsku naprednu stranku, taj potez je zasnovan na nekim podacima koji govore da bi biračko telo koje se nalazi na TikTok-u moglo da bude zainteresovano da na ovim izborima izađe na glasanje).[229]
Slogans
[edit]| Party/coalition | Original slogan | English translation | Refs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians |
|
For our President, for our community, for the future! | [232] | |
| National Democratic Alternative | Promene sad! | Changes now! | [233] | |
| People's Party | Siguran izbor. Ozbiljni ljudi | Safe choice. Serious people | [234] | |
| Serbia Against Violence | Promena je počela! | Change has begun! | [235][236] | |
| Serbian Radical Party | Otadžbina Srbija. Majka Rusija | Fatherland Serbia. Mother Russia | [237] | |
| SDS–DJB–OBAP | Dobro jutro Srbijo! | Good morning Serbia! | [238] | |
| SNS coalition | Srbija ne sme da stane Snaga je u ljudima |
Serbia must not stop The power is in the people |
[239][240] | |
| SPS–JS–Zeleni | Ivica Dačić – Premijer Srbije | Ivica Dačić – Prime Minister of Serbia | [241] | |
Debates
[edit]Issues
[edit]Shortly before the election was called, Bursać predicted that the campaign would be filled with "negative topics" (negativnim temama) such as the ongoing tensions with Kosovo, jeopardised foreign policy positions due to the tensions with Kosovo, rising prices, and the mass shootings that occurred in May 2023.[92] Vojislav Mihailović of CRTA said that opposition parties should put local politics, economy, corruption, crime and violence, as its main topics while campaigning, while he noted that respondents in opinion polls that CRTA conducted were mostly concerned about the economy.[269]
Bojan Bilbija, a Politika journalist, Zoran Panović, a Demostat journalist, and Miloš Garić, the editor-in-chief of Kosovo Online, jointly agreed that economic issues and the North Kosovo crisis would be the main issues of the elections.[270] Vladimir Pejić, the director of Agency Faktor Plus, listed the North Kosovo crisis, economic issues, and the fight against crime and corruption as the main issues of the election.[271] Milivojević and political consultant Nikola Tomić named Kosovo as the main issue for the upcoming elections.[272] Klačar named living standards, inflation and prices, Kosovo, foreign policy positions, and European Union membership as main issues,[273] while Stojanović listed living standards, inflation, and Kosovo as main topics, also claiming that "there will also be enormous pressure on SNS voters, on public sector employees, and blackmailing".[274]
Party campaigns
[edit]According to the preliminary report of the Agency for the Prevention of Corruption from 14 December, SNS spent €4,500,000 during the campaign period, while SPS spent €1,600,000 and VMSZ spent around €100,000. From the opposition, Serbia on the West alliance spent more than €200,000, SPN spent €82,000, Narodna spent €46,000, We – Voice from the People spent €4,490, and SRS spent €1,500. From minority parties, the Russian Party spent €162,000.[275]
Serbian Progressive Party
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Vučević announced that SNS would begin its campaign in late October, after the 15-year anniversary of the founding assembly of SNS.[277] Despite this, SNS organised gatherings with its supporters before the 15-year celebration to promote the party for the upcoming elections.[278] SNS was endorsed by its former party president Vučić, who also announced that Tomislav Nikolić, former president of Serbia and president of SNS, would participate in its campaign.[279][280] SNS began collecting signatures for its electoral list on 1 November.[281] The party submitted its list to RIK a day later, with 92,637 signatures in total.[282] RIK confirmed its list on 3 November with 88,083 valid signatures collected.[199]
Stefan Krkobabić, the leader of Party of United Pensioners of Serbia (PUPS) in the National Assembly, expressed his support for SNS during the campaign, while announcing that PUPS would campaign on introducing a guaranteed social pension.[283] The Strength of Serbia Movement, a SNS ally since 2010,[284] announced that they would not contest the 2023 parliamentary election; the Serbian Renewal Movement of Vuk Drašković did not sign a cooperation agreement with SNS for the 2023 election, though two of its candidates still contested the election on the SNS electoral list.[285] Individuals who were formerly critical of SNS and Vučić, including Tatjana Macura, formerly aligned with DJB, Radoslav Milojičić, formerly aligned with DS, and Dejan Bulatović, formerly aligned with SSP, were announced as candidates on the SNS electoral list.[286]
Despite no longer being the president of SNS, but still serving as president of Serbia, Vučić was its main representative in the election campaign.[287][288] He was not a candidate in any elections in 2023.[289] During the campaign, Vučić strongly criticised the opposition, alleging that a vote for them is "a vote for the president of the Party of Freedom and Justice, Dragan Đilas, a vote for the independence of Kosovo, and for the introduction of sanctions to Russia" (svaki glas za opoziciju glas za predsednika Stranke slobode i pravde Dragana Đilasa, glas za nezavisnost Kosova i za uvođenje sankcija [Rusiji]),[290] and that Đilas controlled the entire opposition.[291] He portrayed the election as "between the past... and the future" (između "prošlosti" ... i "budućnosti), while alleging with Vučević that there was a plan to overthrow SNS from power.[292][293][294] Brnabić and Minister Aleksandar Martinović claimed that the opposition wanted to create disorder and incite a civil war, respectively.[295][296] These statements were criticised by CRTA, and opposition politicians such as Lazović, Obradović, and Jovanović.[297][298]
SNS campaigned on populist messages. Vučić announced on 29 October that the government of Serbia would by 1 December payout din. 10,000 to beneficiaries of social assistance, of which there are 170,000 in Serbia, to blind, demented, and elderly persons, of which there are 51,000, and that students would receive discounts on train and plane tickets.[299] Despite the government denying that this decision would influence the voters, Nemanja Nenadić, from non-profit organisation Transparency Serbia, listed the payouts and discounts as "one of the ways to subtly influence the will of the citizens, to make them think that the government makes concessions to them" (jedan od načina da se malo suptilnije utiče na volju građana, da pomisle kako im vlast čini ustupke).[300] In response to Vučić's campaign, DS submitted a report to the Anti-Corruption Agency, alleging that Vučić allegedly abused power to boost SNS in the elections. The Bureau of Social Research (BIRODI) also claimed that Vučić violated Article 40 of the Law on Prevention of Corruption.[301] Zoran Čvorović, a professor at the Faculty of Law, argued that as president of Serbia, Vučić violated the constitution due to him being listed as the representatives of all SNS-led lists in the 2023 elections.[302] RIK rejected all 15 citizens' complaints related to Vučić being listed in the name of the SNS-led electoral list, despite not taking part in the elections, saying that "Vučić has agreed on paper for his name to be mentioned on the electoral list" (Vučić pismeno saglasio da svoje ima da jednoj listi).[303] The government of Serbia introduced more populist measures in late November, such as din. 10,000 payouts to high school students.[304]
Orlić and Nevena Đurić, vice-presidents of SNS, campaigned in Ruma, where they pledged citizens more investments in infrastructure, education, and technology.[305] Another campaign meeting was held on 9 November in Pirot, featuring Vučić, Brnabić, Vučević, Stamatović, and PUPS leader Milan Krkobabić as speakers.[306] SNS also campaigned on improving the status of women and introducing more mammograms in Serbian hospitals.[307][308] The party has also expressed its support for the accession of Serbia to the European Union.[309] Nikolić made his first public appearance since 2017 at the SNS convention in Belgrade on 2 December.[310] SNS held its last convention in Novi Sad on 13 December.[311]
Socialist Party of Serbia
[edit]SPS, JS, and Zeleni signed a cooperation agreement on 1 November, announcing that they would contest the elections together under the same electoral list name, "Ivica Dačić – Prime Minister of Serbia", that they contested with in the 2022 parliamentary election.[312] The SPS-led coalition submitted its list to RIK on 2 November, with more than 20,000 signatures.[313] RIK confirmed their list on 4 November with 19,618 valid signatures in total.[200] Boban Stojanović said that RIK should have rejected the SPS electoral list due to a number of signatures of support being certified by notaries who are not listed in the notaries database.[314]
Despite being a coalition government partner with SNS since 2012, SPS official Dušan Bajatović was a target of attacks in articles published by pro-government media.[315] During the campaign period, SPS presented themselves as "guarantees of political stability" (garant političke stabilnosti) while also expressing support for youth rights and youth activism.[316][317] Dačić also to portrayed the coalition as socialist; while campaigning in Ljubovija, Dačić said that their voters would automatically also vote for "patriotism and socialism" (patriotizam i socijalizam).[318] While campaigning in Mrčajevci, Dačić also said that the SPS coalition supports free education, free universal health care, and social funds.[319] Dačić also reflected on his opinions about Milošević during the campaign, saying that "Milošević was an example of how to love and defend your country" (Milošević bio primer kako se zemlja voli i brani).[320] The SPS coalition also expressed its support for the accession of Serbia to the European Union.[309]
Serbia Against Violence
[edit]_(cropped).jpg)
Members of the SPN coalition, with the addition of Romanian Party and the Civic Democratic Party, signed a cooperation agreement on 3 November, saying that the "fight against crime and corruption, stopping inflation and the impoverishment of citizens, restoring pensions reduced in 2014, and the importance of security, especially for the youngest" (borbe protiv kriminala i korupcije, zaustavljanja inflacije ii osiromašenja gradjana, vraćanje penzija smanjenih 2014. godine i značaj bezbednosti, posebno za najmlađe) would be their main issues during the campaign.[321] SPN submitted its list to RIK on 8 November.[322] Their electoral list was confirmed by RIK on 9 November.[205] While the negotiations were still ongoing, Lutovac listed Gordana Matković, a minister under the governments of Zoran Đinđić and Zoran Živković, and Ivan Vujačić, former leader of DS in the National Assembly, as two potential candidates for the position of prime minister.[323] SPN, however, decided to present Tepić and Aleksić as their two main representatives.[181]
Before and during the official campaign period, politicians affiliated with SPN, including Tepić, Aleksić, Ćuta, and Srđan Milivojević, a DS member of the National Assembly, were featured on propaganda flyers that were spread in Novi Sad and Belgrade, depicting them in a negative matter.[324][325] Pavle Grbović, the president of PSG, was also featured on posters that depicted him as an Ustaša.[326] The posters that featured Grbović were promoted by Đorđe Dabić, a SNS state secretary.[324] Aleksić accused Vučić of being behind these ideas, while Grbović filed complaints about the posters.[327][328] Janko Veselinović, the leader of the Movement for Reversal, was physically assaulted in Novi Sad on 12 November by a director of the public greenery company.[329] Attacks on SSP offices on Zvezdara, a Belgrade municipality, were conducted on 16 November.[330]
SPN campaigned on returning "stolen pensions" (otete penzije), the pensions that were lowered by Vučić's government in 2014, and on environmental issues.[331][332] Ćuta highlighted the issue of poverty and hunger.[332] Lazović also said that SPN supported removing national broadcast frequency status for Happy and Pink television channels, lowering the inflation and prices, and investing in universal health care protection.[333] Aleksić added that SPN would introduce progressive taxation, while Đilas said that SPN would also increase salaries and invest in education.[333][334] Attended by several thousand supporters, SPN held its last campaign convention on 12 December in Belgrade.[335]
National Democratic Alternative
[edit]NADA began its official campaign on 28 October, listing corruption, nepotism, party employment, and rejecting Ohrid Agreement as one of its main issues for the election.[336] NADA submitted its list to RIK on 6 November and RIK confirmed it a day later.[233][203] Shortly before the beginning of the official campaign period, Jovanović was featured on propaganda posters in October 2023, falsely depicting him as someone who released incumbent prime minister of Kosovo, Albin Kurti, from prison in 2001.[324] Several NADA billboard posters were later torn down on 21 November; NADA accused the government of being behind the acts.[337]
During the campaign period, Jovanović intensified his criticism of SNS while declining to criticise pro-European parties.[338] He has also called for greater cooperation between opposition parties to topple SNS from power.[339] Jovanović has called for electoral reform, pledging to "destroy the partocracy that SNS created" (akaradna partijska država koju je stvorio SNS).[338] NADA supported the re-introduction of the first-past-the-post system, and campaigned on further regionalisation and decentralisation of Serbia and giving cities and municipalities more power in regards to infrastructure and economy.[340][341] NADA also called for the reform of healthcare and agriculture.[342][343] Vojislav Mihailović of POKS also called for the restoration of the monarchy, saying that "Serbia should be a constitutional, parliamentary monarchy like organised European countries" (da li Srbija treba da bude ustavna, parlamenta kraljevina poput uređenih evropskih zemlje).[344]
Regarding foreign policy, NADA campaigned on wanting "the best possible cooperation with the European Union" (najbolju moguću saradnju sa Evropskom unijom) in regards to trade, economy, and culture. It has, however, expressed its opposition to Serbia joining the European Union if "the condition set for Serbia is to recognise the secession of Kosovo" (ako je za to uslov priznanje nezavisnosti Kosova).[345] NADA held its last campaign convention on 10 December.[346]
National Gathering
[edit]
SSZ and Dveri, the members of the NO coalition, signed another cooperation agreement on 1 November, announcing that they would officially contest the elections together. Obradović named preserving traditional values and Kosovo as part of Serbia, supporting Republika Srpska, Serbs in neighbouring regions, and ecological patriotism as one of their main issues.[347] The coalition submitted its list on 4 November and it was accepted by RIK a day later.[202][348] At a press conference after they presented their electoral list, Đurđević Stamenkovski emphasised their opposition to the Ohrid Agreement and the European Union.[349] The far-right Alternative for Germany party, the Chetnik Ravna Gora Movement, and the clerical-fascist Obraz organisation of Mladen Obradović, voiced their support for the SSZ–Dveri coalition.[350][351][352]
During the campaign period, the SSZ–Dveri coalition representatives emphasised their support for greater incentives for domestic businessmen and farmers,[353] the construction of student dormitories in Belgrade, Novi Sad, Niš and Kragujevac, giving free school books, and financial aid for "socially vulnerable families" (socijalno ugrožene porodice).[354][355] Ratko Ristić, one of the representatives of the NO coalition, also said that one of their main issues is to "return Serbia's sovereignty, especially economic sovereignty" (povratak suverenizma Srbije, posebno ekonomskog) and that they would "pay special attention to the development of Serbian agriculture and the position of Serbian farmers" (posebnu pažnju ćemo obratiti na razvoj srpske poljoprivrede i položaj srpskog seljaka).[356] Đurđević Stamenkovski also said that she wants Serbia to return "the proven traditional values in the education system".[357] Obradović alleged that the SSZ–Dveri coalition was a target of attacks and media censorship.[358]
On foreign policy, the coalition expressed their support for retaining close relations with China, due to their positions towards Kosovo,[359] and that they would want Serbia to become a member of BRICS instead of the European Union.[360] Obradović alleged that regions such as Sandžak, Vojvodina, and parts of eastern Serbia would separate from Serbia if "Serbia gives up on Kosovo" (ako se odrekne Kosova).[361] Đurđević Stamenkovski, in an Insajder interview, did not reject cooperating with SNS after the elections if SNS rejects the Ohrid Agreement.[362] NO held its last campaign convention on 10 December.[363]
Serbian Radical Party
[edit]SRS presented its electoral list to RIK on 3 November RIK confirmed it a day later.[364][365] SRS campaigned on issues such as health care reform, saying that Serbia should "use the experiences of foreign, Western European countries, as well as the USA, which has a more developed health system" (da koristimo iskustva stranih, zapadnoevropskih zemalja, kao i SAD koje imaju razvijeniji zdravstveni sistem),[366] advocating greater investments for domestic companies, and preventing bullying by creating "teams of parents, educators, and local municipal officers" (timski rad roditelja dece, prosvetnih radnika i lokalne zajednice).[367][368] Aleksandar Šešelj also said that SRS supported a ban on non-governmental organisations that support the recognition of Kosovo.[369]
In an interview for Radio Television of Vojvodina, Aleksandar Šešelj said that SRS would not join a pro-European government in case if SRS crosses the electoral threshold.[370] SRS has called for the abandonment of the process of accession of Serbia to the European Union and instead called on forging closer ties with Russia and becoming an applicant member of BRICS.[371] Vojislav Šešelj also met with the Palestinian ambassador in Serbia during the campaign; Vojislav Šešelj also criticised Israel, describing their actions towards Palestine as genocidal.[372][373]
Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians
[edit]VMSZ, led by acting president Bálint Pásztor, submitted its list to RIK on 7 November. At a press conference after submitting the list, Pásztor said that VMSZ collected 11,355 signatures, more than twice the amount needed for minority parties, and that they would campaign on issues they listed in their electoral programme.[232] RIK confirmed their list on 8 November.[204] Pásztor expressed his support for continuing the cooperation between VMSZ and SNS.[374] VMSZ received support from the Democratic Party of Vojvodina Hungarians and Party of Hungarian Unity in late November.[375]
United for Justice
[edit]SPP and DSHV formalised an electoral alliance under the name United for Justice (UZP) on 4 November.[376] UZP submitted its list to RIK on 9 November, with Zukorlić stating that the coalition would advocate for proportional representation of national communities in public institutions and balanced regional development.[377] Their electoral list was accepted by RIK on 10 November.[206] UZP members expressed their support for remaining in the next government, saying "that members of our communities supported this move" (pripadnici naših zajednica to pozdavili).[378] Zukorlić has described UZP as a pro-European coalition and that "he believes that one day Serbia will nevertheless join the NATO alliance" (veruje da će jednog dana Srbija "ipak pristupiti i NATO alijansi").[379] DSHV received support from Andrej Plenković, the prime minister of Croatia and leader of the Croatian Democratic Union.[380]
Party of Democratic Action of Sandžak
[edit]SDAS of Sulejman Ugljanin submitted its electoral list to RIK on 16 November, with RIK confirming it on the same day.[207][381] Its main representative and ballot holder, Selma Kučević, emphasised that SDAS supports decentralisation and regionalism as well as "authentically representing the Bosniak people as well as other citizens of Sandžak" (autentični predstavnici bošnjačkog naroda ali i svih ostalih građana Sandžaka).[381] Ugljanin said that SDAS supported anti-corruption measures and government transparency.[382]
Coalition for Peace and Tolerance
[edit]A group of ethnic minority parties and organisations, including Vlach National Party (VNS), Hungarian Civic Alliance (MPSZ), and Democratic Party of Macedonians, held a meeting in April 2023, with the intention being on forming a coalition, named Coalition for Peace and Tolerance, for the upcoming parliamentary, provincial, and local elections.[383] Shortly after the meeting, Jahja Fehratović left SPP.[384] Later in October, Fehratović announced the formation of his political party, the For the Future and Development (ZBR). Fehratović said that ZBR would support traditional values, spirituality, and rule of law.[385]
Following the dissolution of the National Assembly, Fehratović's ZBR formed a coalition, named "Together for the Future and Development – Coalition for Peace and Development" (KZMT), with VNS, MPSZ, Democratic Union of Croats, Bosniak Civic Party, Party of Montenegrins, Civic Party of Greeks of Serbia, Vojvodina Movement, Tolerance of Serbia, Union of Yugoslavs, Union of Female Roma Network and Non-Roma Network of Serbia, and Union of Banat Romanians. Fehratović was also announced as the coalition's ballot holder.[386] KZMT submitted its electoral list on 17 November.[387] RIK rejected the list on 18 November, stating that out of 6,093 collected signatures, only 4,937 were valid, and that KZMT had to collect the remaining 63 signatures until 20 November.[388] On the same day, KZMT collected 436 more valid signatures and RIK confirmed their electoral list.[208]
People's Party
[edit]After collecting more than 12,500 signatures, Narodna submitted its electoral list to RIK on 19 November. At a press conference in the building of RIK, Jeremić said that Narodna would campaign on rejecting the Ohrid Agreement, prohibiting lithium mining, as well as "bringing back sovereignty over the national economy" (vraćanje suvereniteta nad nacionalnom ekonomijom).[389] RIK confirmed their electoral list on 20 November.[209]
Narodna also emphasised its support for introducing military conscription to retain military neutrality, retaining close relations with Russia, and opposing sanctions against Russia, the accession of Serbia to the European Union, and the recognition of Kosovo.[390] Jeremić has said that Serbia should seek membership in the European Economic Area instead.[391]
DJB–SDS
[edit]Initially, SDS was supposed to take part in the SPN alliance while DJB announced that they would contest the elections independently.[392] SDS was ultimately declined to join SPN, and shortly after in early November, DJB successfully negotiated with SDS and Ana Pejić's Stolen Babies movement to form a joint electoral alliance, mainly centering their opposition to the Ohrid Agreement.[393][394] The coalition, named Good Morning Serbia, submitted its electoral list to RIK on 22 November.[395] They collected over 11,500 signatures of support.[396] RIK confirmed their electoral list on 23 November, with 10,534 valid signatures.[210]
Others
[edit]The Russian Party, together with the New Communist Party of Yugoslavia (NKPJ), submitted its electoral list on 25 November.[397] On the same day, the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) of Čedomir Jovanović and the Serbia in the West coalition, composed of Nova–D2SP, Civic Democratic Forum, Liberals and Democrats, and Glas submitted their electoral list.[398][399][400] The electoral lists of the citizens group We – Voice from the People (MI–GIN), represented by conspiracy theorist Branimir Nestorović.[401][402] RIK proclaimed the electoral lists of We – Voice from the People and Serbia in the West on 27 November.[212] On 28 November, the electoral lists of Russian Party–NKPJ and LDP were proclaimed by RIK.[213] Jovanović met with Kurti on 3 December, with whom he discussed about Serbia–Kosovo relations.[403]
Opinion polls
[edit]Opinion polling for the 2023 parliamentary election in Serbia was conducted by various monitoring and research organisations such as Demostat, NSPM, Agency Faktor Plus, Šta Srbija misli?/New Third Way, Stata Agency, and CRTA.[404] Stata Agency has also published scenario polls, featuring a SNS–SPS alliance, the Serbia Against Violence (SPN) coalition, and the "state-building opposition" before the official creation of SPN; Vukadinović of NSPM criticised Stata's scenario polls, saying that the coalition "Serbia Against Violence is not exactly a fiction, then, for now, only a projection and, possibly, the desire of some media and political factors. It is difficult to compare something that actually exists with something that could possibly be" (Srbija protiv nasilja ako ne baš fikcija, onda, za sada, samo projekcija i, eventualno, želja nekih medijskih i političkih faktora. Teško je porediti nešto što realno postoji sa nečim što bi, eventualno, tek moglo biti). Anđelković also said that "public's pulse is very fluid when the elections are still relatively far away" (pulsa javnosti vrlo fluidna kada su izbori još relativno daleko).[405] Besides Stata, CRTA has also published a scenario poll in October 2023.[406]
The Bureau of Social Research (BIRODI) has criticised opinion polling in which "information about the name of the agency that conducted the opinion poll, the individual who ordered the opinion poll, the number of respondents, the time when the opinion poll was carried out, as well as the question that were asked to the respondents" (ko je naručilac istraživanja, ko je sproveo istraživanje, u kojem periodu i sa kojom tehnikom su prikupljeni podaci, u kojem uzorku, sa kojom uzoračkom greškom) is not present, and has called news agencies to not publish those opinion polls. BIRODI stated these organisations "give the opportunity to use opinion polls for propaganda purposes" (daje mogućnost da se istraživanja javnog mnjena koriste u propagandne svrhe) and noted that the elements lead to the "deprofessionalisation of a public opinion researcher" (deprofesionalizacije profesije istraživača javnog mnjenja).[407] Srećko Mihailović of Demostat has also stated that most opinion polls in Serbia are "biased and unprofessional" (pristrasna i neprofesionalna), claiming that "clients are political parties and the government, and researchers manipulate the ratings of parties" (naručioci su političke stranke i vlast, a istraživači manipulišu i sa rejtinzima stranaka) in opinion polls.[408] The World Association for Public Opinion Research, an international professional association of opinion poll researchers, has listed Serbia as a country where there is a denial of the right to public opinion research, stating that "there is pressure from the government, politicians, and some media" (na njih vrši pritisak od strane vlade, političara ali i pojedinih medija).[409]
Graphical summary
[edit]The graph below showcases major parties and alliances in opinion polls from the 2022 parliamentary election to 17 December 2023.
Conduct
[edit]On election day, 17 December, voting stations were opened from 07:00 to 20:00.[410] Monitoring and non-governmental organisations, such as CeSID and CRTA, reported that the election day was marked with electoral fraud.[411][412][413][414] By 9:00, CeSID reported over 50 irregularities, this included irregularities such as non-compliance of procedures by members of election committees and voters photographing or recording their ballot papers, while Kreni-Promeni reported instances of irregularities, including the Bulgarian train vote-rigging method at voting stations in New Belgrade.[411] Nedeljkov from CRTA also reported that in Odžaci CRTA observers were physically attacked and that their cars sustained damage from the attackers. In Odžaci, CRTA observers reported an instance of a Bulgarian train.[415] Throughout the rest of the election day, CeSID continued to report more irregularities and intimidation.[416] Parandilović from SPN also published a video in which two Priboj councillor candidates were spotted rigging election ballots.[417]
Voters from Republika Srpska were also driven to the Štark Arena in Belgrade.[418] Despite Štark Arena not being a voting station, voters from Republika Srpska confirmed that the Arena was used illegally as a voting station and as a redirect station towards official voting stations in Belgrade.[419] The security at the Štark Arena did not allow members of RIK to enter the building.[420] Brnabić said that she did not see what was irregular or illegal with the Štark Arena serving as a redirect station for voters from Republika Srpska.[421] Miodrag Jovanović, a professor at the Faculty of Law, said that in regards to the Arena and the phantom voters[b] (fantomski glasači), "it is illegal for someone to have a residence where he does not live" (zabranjeno da neko ima prebivalište tamo gde ne živi).[423]
In its report, ODIHR concluded that SNS had a "systematic advantage which created unfair conditions in the elections" and that Vučić heavily dominated the election campaign, despite not being a candidate in it. According to ODIHR, there was abuse of public funds, and the media monitoring body, Regulatory Body for Electronic Media, was also not efficient during the election campaign, and that despite the elections being well organised, they were organised in a "societal and political divided ambience". ODIHR said that the campaign was polarised and met with negative campaigning and fearmongering.[424] The Federal Foreign Office of Germany said that abuse of public funds, fearmongering of voters, and vote buying is "unacceptable for a country with the status of a candidate for EU membership".[425]
Stefan Schennach, the chief of the delegation of PACE that monitored the elections, said that "the elections were not fair" and that he had seen "ballots that were printed by a photocopier".[426] In a joint statement, Josep Borrell and Olivér Várhelyi, on behalf of the European Commission, said that Serbia's "electoral process requires tangible improvement and further reform".[427] Political scientist Florian Bieber said that "irregularities appeared to be more widespread than in previous [elections]".[428] Matthew Miller, the spokesperson of the United States Department of State, called for the government of Serbia to investigate the irregularities that occurred.[429] United States senators Jeanne Shaheen and Pete Ricketts also called for the government to "urgently consider whether elections should be repeated in certain regions", saying that the elections were not free and fair.[430] Andreas Schieder, who monitored the elections on behalf of the European Parliament, criticised Brnabić, saying that "the government should work on solving numerous claims about pressure on voters, vote buying, violating voting secrecy, biased media, and the president's involvement in the campaign".[431]
Vučić and SNS denied all of the electoral fraud allegations.[412] Brnabić accused the opposition and CRTA of "destabilising Serbia and its constitutional order" (destabilizuju zemlju i uruše ustavni poredak) and verbally attacked Schennach and Schieder due to them criticising the conduct of the election.[432][433]
Results
[edit]There were 6,500,666 citizens in total who had the right to vote in the parliamentary election.[434] Out of 8,273 voting stations in total, voters abroad could have voted at 81 voting stations in 35 different countries.[435][436] 32,216 dual citizens registered to take part in the elections abroad.[435] In Canada, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States, voting occurred on 16 December from 07:00 to 20:00.[212] Elections were repeated at 30 voting stations in 19 different municipalities on 30 December.[437]
After the voting stations were closed, CeSID/Ipsos and CRTA were the first to report their projections of the results.[438][439] According to the 18 December projection from CeSID/Ipsos, SNS won 46% of popular vote and 128 seats in the National Assembly, successfully returning its parliamentary majority, while SPN placed second, with 23.6% of popular vote and 65 seats in the National Assembly. According to CeSID/Ipsos, SPS only won 6% of popular vote and 18 seats in the National Assembly, this being the worst result of SPS since the 2007 parliamentary election, while NADA won 4.9% of popular vote. In a surprise move, Nestorović's MI–GIN also crossed the threshold, winning 13 seats in total. Out of the minority lists, VMSZ won 6 seats, SPP–DSHV won 3 seats, SDAS won 2 seats, and SDAS and Russian Party won one seat respectively.[440] The NO coalition of Dveri and SSZ failed to cross the threshold, winning only 2.8% of popular vote.[441] SNS received the most votes abroad.[442]
RIK broadcast the results live, with the results being updated every 5 minutes.[443] RIK published the final results on 12 January.[444] After the publishing of the overall report on the election, RIK awarded the candidates the seats of the National Assembly in less than 10 days.[410]
 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electoral list | Votes | % | +/– | Seats | +/– | |
| Serbia Must Not Stop | 1,783,701 | 48.07 | +3.8 | 129 | +9 | |
| Serbia Against Violence | 902,450 | 24.32 | +5.39 | 65 | +25 | |
| SPS–JS–Zeleni | 249,916 | 6.73 | –5.06 | 18 | –13 | |
| National Democratic Alternative | 191,431 | 5.16 | –0.38 | 13 | –1 | |
| We – Voice from the People | 178,830 | 4.82 | New | 13 | New | |
| National Gathering | 105,165 | 2.83 | –4.91 | 0 | –16 | |
| Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians | 64,747 | 1.74 | +0.11 | 6 | +1 | |
| Serbian Radical Party | 55,782 | 1.50 | –0.72 | 0 | 0 | |
| Good Morning Serbia | 45,079 | 1.21 | –3.69 | 0 | 0 | |
| People's Party | 33,388 | 0.90 | New | 0 | –12 | |
| SPP–DSHV | 29,066 | 0.78 | –0.84 | 2 | –3 | |
| Party of Democratic Action of Sandžak | 21,827 | 0.59 | +0.03 | 2 | 0 | |
| Political Battle of the Albanians Continues | 13,501 | 0.36 | +0.08 | 1 | 0 | |
| RS–NKPJ | 11,369 | 0.31 | New | 1 | New | |
| It Must Be Different | 9,243 | 0.25 | New | 0 | New | |
| Coalition for Peace and Tolerance | 6,786 | 0.18 | New | 0 | –1 | |
| Nova–D2SP–GDF–Libdem–Glas | 5,462 | 0.15 | New | 0 | 0 | |
| Albanian Democratic Alternative | 3,235 | 0.09 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Total | 3,710,978 | 100.00 | – | 250 | 0 | |
| Valid votes | 3,710,978 | 97.27 | ||||
| Invalid/blank votes | 104,029 | 2.73 | ||||
| Total votes | 3,815,007 | 100.00 | ||||
| Registered voters/turnout | 6,500,666 | 58.77 | ||||
| Source: Republic Bureau of Statistics[445] | ||||||
Aftermath
[edit]Due to failing to gain parliamentary representation, Obradović of Dveri and all members of the presidency of Narodna, including president Jeremić, resigned from their positions.[446][447]
The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) and Danas newspaper reported in early December that on 22 September, Vučić signed an agreement with the European Commission on the production of lithium batteries in Serbia. The government of Serbia previously cancelled the Rio Tinto lithium mine project in January 2022, amidst the environmental protests, but the EIU reported that in the September 2023 agreement "the government [of Serbia] has not given up on a plan to allow the mining of lithium at Jadar". The agreement also includes a construction of another factory in Ćuprija. EIU stated that due to the 2023 parliamentary election, "the government is likely to stall the plans, reviving them only once the December election is over".[448] In June 2024, Financial Times published an article regarding the topic, revealing that Serbia would "give green light to Rio Tinto" and its Project Jadar.[449] Neue Zürcher Zeitung revealed the same.[450] In July 2024, the government revived the Jadar project, which resulted in a series of environmental protests.[451][452]
Reactions
[edit]SNS proclaimed victory after the voting stations were closed.[453] SNS was congratulated by Dačić and Milorad Dodik, the president of Republika Srpska, and Katalin Novák, the president of Hungary.[454][455][456] Vučić alleged that a "an important country intervened in the election process of Serbia in the most brutal way" (jedne važne zemlje u izborni proces Srbije na najbrutalniji način).[457]
Nestorović of MI–GIN said that "even though no one gave us a chance, we became one of the four or five strongest parties" (iako im niko nije davao šanse, ušli u krug četiri, pet najjačih partija); he rejected cooperating with SNS or SPN after the elections.[458] Danas newspaper described Nestorović as "the biggest surprise" (najveće iznaneđenje) of the 2023 elections.[459] At a SPS press conference, Dačić was dissatisfied with the result.[454] Pásztor said that VMSZ "achieved the election result that we wanted" (rezultat kakav smo želeli) and they were ready to join the next SNS-led government.[460]
Miloš Bešić, a professor at the Faculty of Political Sciences, said that the society in Serbia "is even more divided after the elections" (društvo podeljenije nego pre izbora) and argued that "the failure of right-wing parties is one of the main impressions of the voting results" (neuspeh desnice jedan od glavnih utisaka rezultata glasanja). Bešić also said that the attacks of SNS on SPS during the election campaign was also shown during the election day, due to the decrease in support of SPS and an increase in support of SNS. He, however, noted that both SNS and SPS combined won fewer votes than in the 2022 election.[461]
Protests
[edit]Following the elections on 17 December, SPN began organising protests outside the RIK building.[462] At the 18 December protest, Aleksić and Tepić announced that they would go on a hunger strike until the results of the Belgrade City Assembly elections are annulled.[463] SPN expanded their demands on 20 December by demanding the annulment of all 17 December election results.[464] Alongside SPN, NADA, Narodna, SDS, and Dveri also expressed their support for the annulment of 17 December election results and the scheduling of a new ones.[465] On 21 December, members of the National Assembly Jelena Milošević and Danijela Grujić joined Aleksić and Tepić in their hunger strike.[466] A day later, Janko Veselinović and Željko Veselinović also began their hunger strike, while on 23 December MPs-elect Branko Miljuš and Dušan Nikezić began their hunger strike.[467][468]
After an attempt from councillors to enter the City Assembly of Belgrade, a riot occurred which resulted in an arrest of 38 demonstrators.[469][470][471] Protests continued up to 30 December, at which point the hunger strike ended.[472][473] The protests were strongly criticised by the government, with Brnabić and Aleksandar Šapić, the former mayor of Belgrade, comparing the protests to Euromaidan.[474][475] Russia also alleged that Western powers were involved in the protests.[476][477]
Government formation
[edit]On several occasions, Dačić expressed his support for continuing to work with SNS after the 2023 election.[478][479] In October, Dačić had said: "I am convinced that we will continue cooperation even after the victory in the December elections, in the interest of Serbia, and a better future for all the citizens of our country, as well as the Serbian people as a whole" (Uveren sam da ćemo takvu saradnju nastaviti i posle pobede na decembarskim izborima, u interesu Srbije i bolje budućnosti svih građana naše zemlje, kao i srpskog naroda u celini).[478] In a November interview with Insajder, Dačić said that the goal of SPS is "to win a parliamentary majority, together with SNS, because we alone cannot have a majority" (Naš politički cilj je da osvojimo većinu, zajedno sa SNS-om, jer mi sami ne možemo da imamo većinu) and that "the best solution for Serbia is ... that Vučić should be president ... and Dacić should be prime minister" (najbolje rešenje za Srbiju ... Vučić da bude predsednik ... [i] Dačić premijer).[479] Dačić later said, in regards to SNS forming a government with SPS, that "[SPS] wants [to be in the government], but if they do not want us, then there is no problem" (Mi hoćemo, ako oni ne žele, nikakav problem nije); he has also criticised opposition parties and described them as "a big fraud called DOS" (velika prevara koju on naziva DOS-om).[480] Other SPS politicians, like Paunović and Toma Fila, expressed their support for continuing to work with SNS after the elections.[481][482]
Despite taking part with SNS in the Belgrade City assembly election, Vučić said that the next government would not include SRS due to programme differences, naming European Union as an example.[483] Vučić also expressed doubts in SPS during the campaign period, while Brnabić criticised SPS officials such as Ružić, her former cabinet minister.[484][485] Vučević also said that "there are no guarantees that SPS will ... switch to the other side" (nemamo garancije da SPS neće promeniti stranu).[486] Dušan Spasojević, a Faculty of Political Sciences professor, said that the "attacks on SPS are aimed to win back part of the voters who voted for the Socialists in the last elections, and perhaps to take over part of their voting base" (Napadi na SPS imaju za cilj da povrate deo birača koji je na prošlim izborima glasao za socijaliste, a možda i da preuzmu deo njihove baze).[487] Popović of the Centre for Practical Politics argued the same.[488]
The constitutive session of the 14th National Assembly of Serbia took place on 6 February.[489] A month later, Brnabić was elected president of the National Assembly.[490] After several months of negotiations, Vučević was given the mandate to form a government, after which he formed a government on 2 May. Besides SNS and SPS, his cabinet also included Đurđević Stamenkovski of SSZ that failed to gain representation in the National Assembly.[491]
Notes
[edit]- ^ Candidates on Jovanović's list are formally taking part under the "Čedomir Jovanović – It Must Be Different" citizens group.[214]
- ^ Phantom voters are a type of voters that exist in the voters list but do not reside at the listed location, thus cannot legally vote in the municipality or a city that is listed in the list.[422]
References
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- ^ "DS, SRCE, Zajedno i Rumunska partija potpisali Deklaraciju o saradnji" [DS, SRCE, Together, and the Romanian part sign a Declaration on Cooperation]. N1 (in Serbian). 30 August 2023. Archived from the original on 30 August 2023. Retrieved 30 August 2023.
- ^ Radovanović, Vojin (1 September 2023). "Šta mogu biti motivi Zajedno, DS i SRCE koji započinju zajedničko delovanje?" [What can be the motives of Together, DS, and SRCE who began jointly cooperating?]. Danas (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 2 September 2023. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
- ^ "Cvejić (SRCE): Postoji prostor za veću koalicionu saradnju u opoziciji" [Cvejić (SRCE): There is room for greater coalition cooperation in the opposition]. Danas (in Serbian). 2 September 2023. Archived from the original on 3 September 2023. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
- ^ Milenković, M. R. (31 July 2023). "Lazović: Zeleno-levi front uskoro predstavlja dokument Put do pobede" [Lazović: The Green-Left Front will soon present the document Path to Victory]. Danas (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 21 August 2023. Retrieved 21 August 2023.
- ^ "Lazović: Jedna kolona opozicije nije imperativ, dovela bi do gubitka glasova" [Lazović: One bloc of the opposition is not imperative, it would lead to the loss of votes]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). 2 September 2023. Archived from the original on 4 September 2023. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
- ^ "Organizatori protesta potpisali "Dogovor za pobedu"" [Protest organisers signed the "Agreement for Victory"]. N1 (in Serbian). 21 September 2023. Archived from the original on 21 September 2023. Retrieved 21 September 2023.
- ^ "Organizatori protesta "Srbija protiv nasilja": Nema disonantnih tonova oko jedne liste za izbore" [Organisers of the "Serbia Against Violence" protests: There are no dissonant tones around one list for the elections]. Danas (in Serbian). 18 October 2023. Archived from the original on 18 October 2023. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
- ^ "Da se struka pita spremna za učestvovanje u dogovoru opozicije o jednoj listi" [Experts Should Have A Say is ready to take part in opposition agreement for one list]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). 18 October 2023. Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 21 October 2023.
- ^ "Tadić: SDS želi na listu "Srbija protiv nasilja", razgovaramo s Miroslavom Aleksićem" [Tadić: SDS wants to be on the "Serbia Against Violence" list, we are talking to Miroslav Aleksić]. N1 (in Serbian). 23 October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
- ^ a b "Postignut dogovor o nastupu opozicije okupljene oko "Srbija protiv nasilja" na izborima" [An agreement was reached on the appearance of the opposition gathered around "Serbia Against Violence" in the elections]. N1 (in Serbian). 26 October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 October 2023. Retrieved 26 October 2023.
- ^ Dragojlo, Saša (27 October 2023). "Serbia's Pro-European Opposition Makes Unity Pact for Elections". Balkan Insight. Archived from the original on 27 October 2023. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
- ^ Zrnić, Sanja (19 October 2023). "Milica Đurđević Stamenkovski: Bez saradnje sa "probriselskom" opozicijom" [Milica Đurđević Stamenkovski: No cooperation with the "pro-Brussels" opposition]. Vreme (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 20 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ^ "Boško Obradović hoće koaliciju sa Vukom Jeremićem: Vidim ih u našem bloku" [Boško Obradović wants a coalition with Vuk Jeremic: I see them in our bloc]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). 17 August 2023. Archived from the original on 21 August 2023. Retrieved 21 August 2023.
- ^ Radovanović, Vojin (6 September 2023). ""Beogradskih izbora neće biti ako ne bude 200.000 ljudi na ulicama": DSS i POKS spremni da razgovaraju sa Zavetnicima i Dverima o izbornoj koaliciji" ["There will be no Belgrade elections if there are not 200,000 people on the streets": DSS and POKS ready to talk to the Oathkeepers and Dveri about the electoral coalition]. Danas (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 6 September 2023. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
- ^ "Jeremić: Potrebno je ujedinjenje svih patriotskih snaga na izborima" [Jeremić: It is necessary to unite all patriotic forces in the elections]. Danas (in Serbian). 1 October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
- ^ "Zavetnici i Dveri formirali "Srpski državotvorni blok", pozvali koaliciju NADA i druge stranke da im se pridruže" [Oathkeepers and Dveri formed the "Serbian State-Building Bloc", they invited the NADA coalition and other parties to join them]. Danas (in Serbian). 4 October 2023. Archived from the original on 5 October 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
- ^ Savić, Danilo (19 October 2023). "Miloš Jovanović: Razgovaramo o saradnji sa Narodnom strankom, a za Milana Radoičića neću reći da je kriminalac" [Miloš Jovanović: We are discussing cooperation with the People's Party, and I will not say that Milan Radoičić is a criminal]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ^ Štetin Lakić, Jovana (30 October 2023). "Propali pregovori državotvorne opozicije, Stamenkovski sprečio dogovor" [The negotiations of the state-forming opposition failed, Stamenkovski prevented the agreement]. N1 (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 30 October 2023. Retrieved 30 October 2023.
- ^ "Zavetnici potvrdili izlazak u dve kolone, Đurđević Stamenkovski kaže – nema mesta intrigama" [Oathkeepers confirmed the departure in two columns, Đurđević Stamenkovski says – there is no room for intrigue]. N1 (in Serbian). 30 October 2023. Archived from the original on 30 October 2023. Retrieved 30 October 2023.
- ^ "Šešelj: SRS samosatalno na izbore, Nikolić će naneti štetu SNS-u" [Šešelj: SRS independently in the elections, Nikolić will cause damage to the SNS]. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 27 October 2023. Archived from the original on 29 October 2023. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
- ^ "Narodna stranka na predstojeće izbore izlazi samostalno" [The People's Party is running independently in the upcoming elections]. Danas (in Serbian). 31 October 2023. Archived from the original on 31 October 2023. Retrieved 31 October 2023.
- ^ "Dimitrijević (RIK): Od danas prijem izbornih lista, podnose se do 26. novembra" [Dimitrijević (RIK): From today electoral lists will be accepted, they must be submitted by 26 November]. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 2 November 2023. Archived from the original on 2 November 2023. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
- ^ "Utvrđena zbirna izborna lista za parlamentarne izbore" [The collective electoral list for the parliamentary elections was published]. N1 (in Serbian). 1 December 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
- ^ "Ko je sve na listama za poslanike republičke skupštine" [Who is on the lists for representatives of the republican assembly]. BBC News (in Serbian). 14 November 2023. Archived from the original on 26 November 2023. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- ^ "Odbijena lista Pavla Bihalija: Nije ni upisan u birački spisak" [The list of Pavle Bihali has been rejected: He is not even on the voter's list]. N1 (in Serbian). 28 November 2023. Archived from the original on 28 November 2023. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
- ^ a b "RIK odbila da proglasi listu "Dosta! Evropski put"" [RIK refused to proclaim the "Enough! European Way" list]. N1 (in Serbian). 28 November 2023. Archived from the original on 29 November 2023. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
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- ^ "Proglašena izborna lista "Dr Vojislav Šešelj – Srpska radikalna stranka"" [Electoral list "Dr Vojislav Šešelj – Serbian Radical Party" proclaimed]. Insajder (in Serbian). 4 November 2023. Archived from the original on 4 November 2023. Retrieved 4 November 2023.
- ^ a b "RIK proglasio listu stranke Zavetnici i pokreta Dveri" [RIK proclaimed the electoral list of party Oathkeepers and movement Dveri]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). 5 November 2023. Archived from the original on 5 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "RIK proglasio listu "Dr Miloš Jovanović – NADA za Srbiju"" [RIK proclaimed the "Dr Miloš Jovanović – NADA for Serbia" electoral list]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). 7 November 2023. Archived from the original on 7 November 2023. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
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- ^ a b "RIK proglasio izbornu listu Usamea Zukorlića i Tomislava Žigmanova, sa statusom nacionalne manjine" [RIK proclaimed the electoral list of Usame Zukorlić and Tomislav Žigmanov, with the status of national minority]. N1 (in Serbian). 10 November 2023. Archived from the original on 10 November 2023. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
- ^ a b "RIK proglasio izbornu listu "SDA Sandžaka Dr. Sulejman Ugljanin"" [RIK pcolaimed the electoral list "SDA of Sandžak Dr Sulejman Ugljanin"]. B92 (in Serbian). 15 November 2023. Archived from the original on 15 November 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- ^ a b "RIK: Proglašena izborna lista "Zajedno za budućnost i razvoj – koalicija za mir i toleranciju"" [RIK: "Together for the Future and Development – Coalition for Peace and Tolerance" electoral list announced]. N1 (in Serbian). 18 November 2023. Archived from the original on 18 November 2023. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
- ^ a b "RIK proglasio izbornu listu Narodne stranke" [RIK proclaimed the electoral list of the People's Party]. N1 (in Serbian). 20 November 2023. Archived from the original on 20 November 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- ^ a b "RIK proglasio izbornu listu koalicije DJB – SDS – Otete bebe" [RIK proclaimed the electoral list of the DJB–SDS–Stolen Babies coalition]. Tanjug (in Serbian). 23 November 2023. Archived from the original on 19 December 2023. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
- ^ "Proglašena lista "Politička borba Albanaca se nastavlja – Šaip Kamberi"" [The list "The Political Battle of the Albanians Continues – Šaip Kamberi" has been proclaimed]. Danas (in Serbian). 26 November 2023. Archived from the original on 26 November 2023. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
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- ^ a b c "RIK proglasio liste Ruske stranke i Čedomira Jovanovića" [RIK proclaimed the lists of the Russian Party and Čedomir Jovanović]. N1 (in Serbian). 28 November 2023. Archived from the original on 29 November 2023. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
- ^ "Ko je sve na listi Čedomira Jovanovića za parlamentarne izbore?" [Who is on the list of Čedomir Jovanović for the parliamentary elections?]. Danas (in Serbian). 28 November 2023. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 6 December 2023.
- ^ Zovko, Hrvoje (21 November 2023). "Vučićeva kritična, 12. godina vlasti: Srbija za mjesec dana izlazi na izvanredne izbore". Večernji list (in Croatian). Archived from the original on 21 November 2023. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
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- ^ "Stojanović za Insajder: Tenzije se ne smanjuju, političko nasilje biće prisutno do kraja kampanje" [Stojanović for Insider: Tensions are not decreasing, political violence will be present until the end of the campaign]. Danas (in Serbian). 13 November 2023. Archived from the original on 14 November 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- ^ "Stojanović: Predstojeći izbori neizvesniji nego prethodni, posebno kada je reč o Beogradu" [Stojanović: The upcoming elections are more uncertain than the previous ones, especially when it comes to Belgrade]. Danas (in Serbian). 25 November 2023. Archived from the original on 25 November 2023. Retrieved 25 November 2023.
- ^ "Savet Evrope: U Srbiji veoma polarizovana kampanja sa nezabeleženim nivoom zastrašivanja" [Council of Europe: In Serbia, a very polarised campaign with an unprecedented level of intimidation]. Danas (in Serbian). 27 November 2023. Archived from the original on 27 November 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
- ^ "Nedeljkov: Možemo da očekujemo prljavu kampanju, već vidimo targetiranje protivnika, medija..." [Nedeljkov: We can expect a dirty campaign, we are already seeing the targeting of opponents, the media...]. N1 (in Serbian). 1 November 2023. Archived from the original on 1 November 2023. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
- ^ "CRTA: Politički pritisci na građane su svakodnevni, a tokom izbora se pojačavaju" [CRTA: Political pressures on citizens are daily, and during elections they intensify]. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 4 November 2023. Archived from the original on 6 November 2023. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
- ^ "CRTA: Neravnopravnost, sumnje i pretnje obeležile prvih 20 dana kampanje" [CRTA: Inequality, doubts and threats marked the first 20 days of the campaign]. N1 (in Serbian). 23 November 2023. Archived from the original on 23 November 2023. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
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- ^ ""ProGlas" potpisalo više od 100.000 ljudi" ["ProGlas" has been signed by more than 100,000 people]. N1 (in Serbian). 15 November 2023. Archived from the original on 15 November 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- ^ Petrović, Ivica (16 December 2023). "Vučić je svuda, ali SNS ipak može da izgubi izbore" [Vučić is everywhere, but SNS can still lose the elections]. Deutsche Welle (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
- ^ a b c Reves, Aleksandra (29 November 2023). "Eksperti u sadržaju bez sadržaja: Kako se političari (ne)obraćaju mladima u kampanji?" [Content experts without content: How do politicians (not) address young people in the campaign?]. 021.rs (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 29 November 2023. Retrieved 30 November 2023.
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- ^ "TikTok kao poligon za promociju: Gosti Euronews centra o tome šta političari rade na mrežama i kakav je efekat na birače" [TikTok as a training ground for promotion: Euronews center guests on what politicians are doing on the networks and what effect it has on voters]. Euronews (in Serbian). 22 November 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 30 November 2023.
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- ^ "Kako do zdrave životne sredine i efikasne poljoprivrede" [How to achieve a healthy environment and efficient agriculture]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 21 November 2023. Archived from the original on 20 November 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- ^ "Jeremić (NS): Odbaciti francusko-nemački plan u celosti; Milićević (SPS): Kroz dijalog do pravičnog rešenja" [Jeremić (NS): Reject the Franco-German plan in its entirety; Milićević (SPS): Through dialogue to a fair solution]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 23 November 2023. Archived from the original on 23 November 2023. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
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- ^ "Raguš: Crvena linija – nema tzv. Kosova u UN; Tadić: Obnoviti pregovarački proces u SB UN" [Raguš: The red line – there should be no so-called Kosovo in the UN; Tadić: Renew the negotiation process in the UN Security Council]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 30 November 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
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- ^ "Spoljna politika Srbije, usklađivanje sa EU i sopstveni interesi" [Serbia's foreign policy, alignment with the EU and its own interests]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 5 December 2023. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
- ^ "Kako Srbija da odbrani svoje interese u vezi Kosova i Metohije" [How can Serbia defend its interests regarding Kosovo and Metohija]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 7 December 2023. Archived from the original on 8 December 2023. Retrieved 7 December 2023.
- ^ "Dačić: Želimo da nastavimo saradnju sa SNS-om; Jovanović (NADA) za tromesečnu tehničku saradnju sa opoziocionim listama" [Dacic: We want to continue cooperation with SNS; Jovanović (NADA) for three-month technical cooperation with opposition lists]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 7 December 2023. Archived from the original on 7 December 2023. Retrieved 7 December 2023.
- ^ "Insajder Debata – Ekonomski tigar iz profila" [Insajder debate: Economic tiger from the profile]. Insajder (in Serbian). 7 December 2023. Archived from the original on 8 December 2023. Retrieved 7 December 2023.
- ^ "Mogu li plate da preteknu cene" [Can wages overtake prices?]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 12 December 2023. Archived from the original on 11 December 2023. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- ^ "Šta su najveće pretnje bezbednosti građana i države" [What are the biggest threats to the security of citizens and the state]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 13 December 2023. Archived from the original on 12 December 2023. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "Aleksić: Svanuće novi dan za Srbiju bez nasilja; Simić: Nastavićemo da vojno i ekonomski ojačavamo zemlju" [Aleksić: A new day will dawn for Serbia without violence; Simić: We will continue to strengthen the country militarily and economically]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 14 December 2023. Archived from the original on 14 December 2023. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
- ^ "Mihailović o izbornoj kampanji SNS: Neće biti čistija, a da li će biti prljavija – videćemo" [Mihailović on the SNS election campaign: It will not be cleaner, but we will see if it will be dirtier]. N1 (in Serbian). 13 October 2023. Archived from the original on 19 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ^ "Koje teme će biti dominantne uoči predstojećih izbora, kad god oni bili?" [Which topics will be dominant in the run-up to the upcoming elections, whenever they are?]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 6 October 2023. Archived from the original on 11 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ^ "Pejić: Kosovo će biti jedna od tri dominantne teme na izborima" [Pejić: Kosovo will be one of the three dominant topics in the elections]. Blic (in Serbian). 30 September 2023. Archived from the original on 1 November 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ^ "Kosovo bi mogla biti glavna tema izbora: "Opozicija se decenijama ravna prema najjačem u vlasti umesto prema građanima"" [Kosovo could be the main topic of the election: "For decades, the opposition has been aligning itself with the strongest in power instead of the citizens."]. Euronews (in Serbian). 5 October 2023. Archived from the original on 1 November 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ^ "Klačar: Usvajanjem medijskih zakona se ne mogu očekivati velike promene do kraja godine" [Klačar: With the adoption of media laws, no major changes can be expected until the end of the year]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 20 October 2023. Archived from the original on 21 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
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- ^ Janković, Jelena; Katić, Miloš (14 December 2023). "Najskuplju kampanju u Srbiji vodi Vučićeva partija" [The most expensive campaign in Serbia is run by Vučić's party]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 14 December 2023. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
- ^ "Miting SNS u Kragujevcu, obećana odgovorna i poštena vlast" [SNS meeting in Kragujevac, promised responsible and honest government]. N1 (in Serbian). 14 December 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2024.
- ^ "Vučеvić najavio sеdnicu GO SNS: Na proslavi 15 godina strankе ulazimo u izbornu kampanju" [Vučević announced the session of the main board of SNS: On the celebration of the 15 years of the party, we will enter the election campaign]. Blic (in Serbian). 10 November 2023. Archived from the original on 16 October 2023. Retrieved 21 October 2023.
- ^ Savić, Danilo (17 October 2023). "Velika mrsna SNS kampanja: Živeo predsednik, a sad dajte pečenje da se "ne ladi"" [A big fat SNS campaign: Long live the president, now give the roast so that it "does not get cold"]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 21 October 2023.
- ^ "Vučić na proslavi SNS u Šapcu: Predstojeći izbori najvažniji do sada" [Vučić at the SNS celebration in Šabac: The upcoming elections are the most important so far]. N1 (in Serbian). 21 October 2023. Archived from the original on 21 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
- ^ "Kako je Vučić ucenjivao svog političkog oca kog sad potura glasačima: Pretnja koja je presudila političkoj karijeri Tome Nikolića" [How Vučić blackmailed his political father, who is now telling the voters: The threat that decided the political career of Toma Nikolić]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). 24 October 2023. Archived from the original on 27 October 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
- ^ "SNS počela prikupljanje potpisa podrške za predaju izbornih lista" [SNS started collecting signatures of support for the submission of election lists]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). 1 November 2023. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
- ^ "SNS prva predala RIK-u izbornu listu uz 92.637 potpisa podrške" [SNS was the first to submit the election list to the RIK with 92,637 signatures of support]. Tanjug (in Serbian). 2 November 2023. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
- ^ "Stefan Krkobabić: PUPS će insistirati na socijalnim penzijama" [Stefan Krkobabić: PUPS will insist on social pensions]. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 15 October 2023. Archived from the original on 20 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ^ "Opozicija se okuplja oko Srpske napredne stranke" [Opposition is gathering around the Serbian Progressive Party]. Boom93 (in Serbian). 16 November 2010. Archived from the original on 2 February 2022. Retrieved 2 September 2022.
- ^ "Zašto Karićev PSS nije na listi SNS prvi put od 2012. godine" [Why Karić's PSS is not on the SNS list for the first time since 2012]. N1 (in Serbian). 7 November 2023. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
- ^ "Macura, Kena, Bulatović: Vučića zvali šonjom i izdajnikom Kosova – novi SNS lavovi za svoj prelet krive sve od Đilasa do Danasa" [Macura, Kena, Bulatović: They called Vučić a coward and a traitor of Kosovo – the new SNS lions blame everyone from Đilas to Danas for their switch]. Danas (in Serbian). 5 November 2023. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
- ^ Latković, Nataša (29 October 2023). "Predsednik Srbije u "ful gasu": Vučić nezaustavljivo troši naše pare da bi sačuvao vlast" [The President of Serbia in "full throttle": Vučić unstoppably spends our money to preserve power]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). Retrieved 29 October 2023.
- ^ Gajić, Petar (11 November 2023). "Predsednik svih građana, a u kampanji SNS-a: Vučić opet isto, samo ne izlazi iz frižidera" [President of all citizens, but in the SNS campaign: Vučić is doing the same again, only he doesn't come out of the fridge]. N1 (in Serbian). Retrieved 13 November 2023.
- ^ Kaiser, Markus (15 December 2023). "Election in the shadow of an all-powerful president". Friedrich Naumann Foundation. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
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- ^ "Vučić: Đukanović priča gluposti, ZSO budućnost za Kurtija, priznaćemo volju naroda nakon izbora" [Vučić: Đukanović is talking nonsense, ZSO is the future for Kurti, we will recognise the will of the people after the elections]. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 18 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ^ "Vučić na Pinku započeo kampanju: Postoji plan stranih službi za svrgavanje SNS" [Vučić started a campaign on Pink: There is a plan of foreign governments to overthrow the SNS]. N1 (in Serbian). 22 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
- ^ "Vučević: Apelovao sam da se poveća izborni cenzus, ali to nije prihvaćeno" [Vučević: I appealed to increase the electoral threshold, but it was not accepted]. N1 (in Serbian). 24 October 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
- ^ "Ministar Martinović: Opozicija želi da izazove građanski rat" [Minister Martinović: The opposition wants to provoke a civil war]. Danas (in Serbian). 10 November 2023. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
- ^ Milenković, M. R. (11 November 2023). "Ne sprema opozicija haos i demonstracije posle izbora, već se vlast plaši novog 5. oktobra: Izjava Ane Brnabić je klasična priča "o lopovu koji viče držte lopova"" [The opposition is not preparing chaos and demonstrations after the elections, but the government is afraid of a new 5 October: Ana Brnabić's statement is a classic story "about a thief who shouts, catch the thief"]. Danas (in Serbian). Retrieved 11 November 2023.
- ^ "CRTA: Omogućite građanima da izađu na izbore bez straha od "haosa i građanskog rata"" [CRTA: Let citizens to go to the polls without fear of "chaos and civil war"]. N1 (in Serbian). 11 November 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
- ^ Tatalović, Žaklina (12 November 2023). "Vlast zastrašuje građane: Martinović pominje čak i građanski rat, opozicija – čuvamo volju naroda" [The government intimidates the citizens: Martinović even mentions the civil war, the opposition – we protect the will of the people]. N1 (in Serbian). Retrieved 13 November 2023.
- ^ "Penzionerima i studentima popust za vozne i avio-karte, po 10.000 dinara korisnicima socijalne pomoći do 1. decembra" [Pensioners and students discount for train and plane tickets, 10,000 dinars each for beneficiaries of social assistance until 1 December]. Euronews (in Serbian). 29 October 2023. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
- ^ Bogdanović, Nevena (30 October 2023). "Srbija na pragu novih izbora: Koliko će koštati vanredno glasanje?" [Serbia on the threshold of new elections: How much will the snap vote cost?]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). Retrieved 1 November 2023.
- ^ Kojić, Nikola (31 October 2023). "Deo opozicije podnosi prijavu protiv Aleksandra Vučića" [Part of the opposition files a report against Aleksandar Vučić]. N1 (in Serbian). Retrieved 1 November 2023.
- ^ "Profesor Čvorović za BETU: Vučić prekršio Ustav, Srbija je u stanju ličnog režima" [Professor Čvorović for Beta: Vučić violated the Constitution, Serbia is in a state of personal regime]. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 2 November 2023. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
- ^ "RIK odbacio prigovore da Vučić nije smeo da stavi svoje ime na izbornu listu" [RIK rejected complaints that Vučić was not allowed to put his name on the electoral list]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). 6 November 2023. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
- ^ "I škole u predizbornoj kampanji: Uvukli profesore u populističke mere Vlade o podeli 10.000 dinara" [And schools are in the pre-election campaign too: Teachers were drawn into the government's populist measures on the distribution of 10,000 dinars]. N1 (in Serbian). 1 December 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
- ^ Janković, Miloš (8 November 2023). "Orlić i Đurić posetili Rumu" [Orlić and Đurić visited Ruma]. FoNet portal (in Serbian). Retrieved 8 November 2023.
- ^ "Predsednik države opet na partijskom predizbornom mitingu SNS" [The President of Serbia again at a SNS pre-election party rally]. N1 (in Serbian). 9 November 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
- ^ "Kako naprednjaci, Vučević i Pilja, u kampanji love glasove žena?" [How do the Progressives, Vučević and Pilja, hunt women's votes in the campaign?]. Danas (in Serbian). 11 November 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
- ^ "Vučević u Novom Sadu, Beški i Selenči" [Vučević in Novi Sad, Beška and Selenča]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 11 November 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
- ^ a b Cvetković, Ljudmila (1 December 2023). "Ko se takmiči na parlamentarnim izborima u Srbiji?" [Who is competing in the parliamentary elections in Serbia?]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). Retrieved 2 December 2023.
- ^ ""Nikolić na mitingu SNS – da kompenzuje 'izdaju Kosova'": Kakva nam je predizborna kampanja" ["Nikolić at the SNS meeting – to compensate for the 'betrayal of Kosovo'": How is the pre-election campaign]. N1 (in Serbian). 3 December 2023. Retrieved 3 December 2023.
- ^ Pavkov, Ksenija (13 December 2023). "Završni miting Srpske napredne stranke održan u Novom Sadu" [The final meeting of the Serbian Progressive Party was held in Novi Sad]. N1 (in Serbian). Retrieved 14 December 2023.
- ^ "Socijalistička partija Srbije, Jedinstvena Srbija i Zeleni Srbije potpisali koalicioni sporazum" [The Socialist Party of Serbia, United Serbia and the Greens of Serbia signed a coalition agreement]. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 1 November 2023. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
- ^ "SNS prva predala izborne liste; Tadić: SDS prihvata da bude na listi "Srbija protiv nasilja"" [SNS submitted its list first; Tadić: SDS accepts to be on the "Serbia Against Violence" list]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 2 November 2023. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
- ^ "Boban Stojanović: RIK je morao da poništi listu SPS-a za parlamentarne izbore zbog nepravilnosti" [Boban Stojanović: RIK had to cancel the SPS list for the parliamentary elections due to irregularities]. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 7 November 2023. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
- ^ Milenković, M. R. (15 November 2023). "Opozicioni status je najveća noćna mora Ivice Dačića: Naprednjaci gađajući Bajatovića, ciljaju lidera SPS" [The opposition status is Ivica Dačić's biggest nightmare: Progressives, targeting Bajatović, also targeting SPS leader]. Danas (in Serbian). Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- ^ "Dačić: SPS je garant političke stabilnosti" [Dačić: SPS is the guarantee to political stability]. Euronews (in Serbian). 12 November 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
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- ^ "Predizbirna konvencija liste Ivica Dačića-Premijer Srbije u Ljuboviji" [Pre-election convention of the list of Ivica Dačić – Prime Minister of Serbia in Ljubovija]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 18 November 2023. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
- ^ "Dačić: Verujem u socijalističke principe i jednake mogućnosti" [Dačić: I believe in socialist principles and equal opportunities]. Danas (in Serbian). 21 November 2023. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
- ^ "Dačić: Milošević bio primer kako se zemlja voli i brani, ne štedeći ni sopstveni život" [Dačić: Milošević was an example of how to love and defend the country, not even sparing one's own life]. N1 (in Serbian). 23 November 2023. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
- ^ "Stranke i pokreti oko liste Srbija protiv nasilja potpisali koalicioni sporazum" [Parties and movements around the Serbia Against Violence list signed a coalition agreement]. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 3 November 2023. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
- ^ "Izborna koalicija Srbija protiv nasilja predala listu" [Electoral alliance Serbia Against Violence submitted its list]. N1 (in Serbian). 8 November 2023. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
- ^ "Lutovac: Nema kamena spoticanja u proevropskoj opoziciji, Matković ili Vujačić za premijera" [Lutovac: There are no stumbling blocks in the pro-European opposition, Matković or Vujačić for prime minister]. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 18 October 2023. Retrieved 21 October 2023.
- ^ a b c Savić, Danilo (20 October 2023). "Izbori nisu ni raspisani, a naprednjaci već krenuli u napad na lidere opozicije: U kampanju opasnog targetiranja uključili su se visoki funkcioneri SNS" [The elections have not even been announced, and the Progressives have already started attacking the leaders of the opposition: high-ranking SNS officials joined the campaign of dangerous targeting]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ^ "U poštanskim sandučićima leci protiv Milivojevića i Jovanovića" [In mailboxes, flyers against Milivojević and Jovanović]. N1 (in Serbian). 21 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ^ "Novo targetiranje lidera opozicije: Oblepljeno više od 200 plakata na Zvezdari" [New targeting of opposition leaders: More than 200 posters pasted on Zvezdara]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). 22 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
- ^ "Aleksić o uvredljivim flajerima: Vučić reciklira stare laži o meni iz straha od gubitka vlasti" [Aleksić on the offensive flyers: Vučić recycles old lies about me for fear of losing power]. Danas (in Serbian). 19 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ^ "Grbović (PSG) podneo prijave zbog plakata na kojima je prikazan u ustaškoj uniformi" [Grbović (PSG) filed complaints because of posters showing him in Ustaša uniform]. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 28 October 2023. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
- ^ "Veselinović: Fizički me napao direktor Gradskog zelenila u Novom Sadu" [Veselinović: I was physically attacked by the director of City Greenery in Novi Sad]. N1 (in Serbian). 12 November 2023. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
- ^ "Radikalske metode: Nalepnice "Tajkun Đilas" i grafiti "Đilas lopov" osvanuli na prostorijama SSP-a" [Radical methods: "Tycon Đilas" stickers and "Đilas the thief" graffiti appeared on the premises of the SSP]. Danas (in Serbian). 16 November 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
- ^ "Grbović: Vratićemo penzionerima otete penzije" [Grbović: We will give back pensioners the pensions that were stolen from them]. N1 (in Serbian). 13 November 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Ćuta: Zaustavićemo pljačku države i vratiti otete penzije" [Ćuta: We will stop the looting of the state and return stolen pensions]. N1 (in Serbian). 16 November 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
- ^ a b Jelovac, Jelena; Savić, Danilo (16 November 2023). "Ovo je prvih 5 poteza koje bi opozicija povukla posle rušenja SNS sa vlasti" [These are the first 5 moves that the opposition would make after the overthrow of the SNS from power]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). Retrieved 16 November 2023.
- ^ "Povećanje plata u zdravstvu i prosveti, vraćanje penzija...: Đilas predstavio šta je plan SSP ako opozicija sruši SNS na izborima" [Increase in salaries in health and education, pensions restored...: Đilas presented what the SSP plan is if the opposition overthrows the SNS in the elections]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). 30 October 2023. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
- ^ Nešić, Nenad (12 December 2023). ""Pobedićemo parizer dahije, u nedelju uzimamo sudbinu u ruke": Veliki miting opozicije u Beogradu" ["We will defeat the Baloney dahias, on Sunday we will take our fate into our hands": Big meeting of the opposition in Belgrade]. N1 (in Serbian). Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- ^ "Koalicija NADA počela predizbornu kampanju: Borba protiv korupcije i nepotizma prioriteti" [Coalition NADA started election campaign: Fight against corruption and nepotism as priorities]. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 28 October 2023. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
- ^ "Koalicija NADA: Vlast uništava naše bilborde" [NADA coalition: The government is destroying our billboards]. N1 (in Serbian). 21 November 2023. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Miloš Jovanović objasnio zašto ne napada proevropsku opoziciju" [Miloš Jovanović explained why he does not attack the pro-European opposition]. Danas (in Serbian). 17 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ^ "Jovanović (Novi DSS): Saradnja cele opozicije jedini način da dođe do smene Vučićevog režima" [Jovanović (New DSS): Cooperation of the entire opposition is the only way to change the Vučić regime]. Danas (in Serbian). 22 November 2023. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
- ^ "Jovanović: Koalicija NADA se zalaže za većinski izborni sistem" [Jovanović: The NADA coalition stands for a majoritarian electoral system]. N1 (in Serbian). 10 November 2023. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
- ^ "Miloš Jovanović: Vratiti odgovornost u lokalne samouprave" [Miloš Jovanović: Return responsibility to local governments]. Danas (in Serbian). 12 November 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
- ^ "Koalicija NADA: Poljoprivreda da bude strateška grana privrede" [Coalition NADA: Agriculture must be a strategic branch of the economy]. N1 (in Serbian). 14 November 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- ^ "NADA: Neophodne ozbiljne reforme u društvu, naročito zdravstvu" [NADA: Necessary serious reforms in society, especially health care]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 18 November 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- ^ "NADA: Otvoriti pitanje oblika vladavine i državnog uređenja" [NADA: To open the question of the form of government and state organisation]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 23 November 2023. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
- ^ "Koalicija NADA: EU važan partner, ali ne zalažemo se za članstvo ako je uslov priznanje nezavisnosti Kosova" [Coalition NADA: EU is an important partner, but we do not stand for membership if the condition is recognition of Kosovo's independence]. N1 (in Serbian). 22 November 2023. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
- ^ Savatović, Mladen (10 December 2023). "Završna konvencija koalicije NADA – uz "Marš na Drinu", ali i suze" [The final convention of the NADA coalition – with "March on the Drina", but also tears]. N1 (in Serbian). Retrieved 11 December 2023.
- ^ "Zavetnici i Dveri potpisali koalicioni sporazum – zajednički nastupaju na izborima" [Oathkeepers and Dveri signed a coalition agreement – they participate in the elections together]. N1 (in Serbian). 1 November 2023. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
- ^ "Zavetnici i Dveri predali izbornu listu – "Nacionalno okupljanje – državotvorna snaga"- za parlamentarne izbore" [Oathkeepers and Dveri handed over the electoral list – "National Gathering – State-Building Force" – for the parliamentary elections]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 4 November 2023. Retrieved 4 November 2023.
- ^ "'Nacionalno okupljanje' Dveri i Zavetnika predalo potpise RIK-u" ['National Gathering' of Dveri and Oathkeepers delivered their signatures to RIK]. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 4 November 2023. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
- ^ "Đurđević Stamenkovski: Mi želimo Evropu u kojoj će Srbija imati svoje mesto" [Đurđević Stamenkovski: We want a Europe in which Serbia will have its place]. Tanjug (in Serbian). 17 November 2023. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
- ^ "Dveri i Ravnogorski pokret potpisali Sporazum o saradnji: "Plod višegodišnje uzajamne podrške"" [Dveri and the Ravna Gora movement signed a cooperation agreement: "The fruit of many years of mutual support"]. N1 (in Serbian). 20 November 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- ^ Radovanović, Vojin (24 November 2023). "Boško Obradović predstavio novu podršku "Nacionalnom okupljanju": Među njima Mladen Obradović i borci protiv obavezne vakcinacije" [Boško Obradović presented new support for the "National Gathering": Among them Mladen Obradović and fighters against mandatory vaccination]. Danas (in Serbian). Retrieved 24 November 2023.
- ^ "Boško Obradović: Povećati podsticaje za domaće privrednike i poljoprivrednike" [Boško Obradović: Increase incentives for domestic businessmen and farmers]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 7 November 2023. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
- ^ "Dveri: Izgraditi bar po jedan novi studentski dom u Beogradu, Novom Sadu, Nišu i Kragujevcu" [Dveri: Construct at least one new student dormitory in Belgrade, Novi Sad, Niš, and Kragujevac]. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 17 November 2023. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
- ^ "Obradović: Besplatni udžbenici za sve đake u Srbiji i novčana pomoć za ugrožene" [Obradović: Free textbooks for all students in Serbia and financial aid for the vulnerable]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 18 November 2023. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
- ^ "Ristić: Vratiti Srbiji ekonomski suverenizam" [Ristić: Serbia should get its economic sovereignty back]. N1 (in Serbian). 10 November 2023. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
- ^ "Đurđević Stamenkovski: Potrebna hitna reforma prosvete" [Đurđević Stamenkovski: Urgent education reform is needed]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 21 November 2023. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
- ^ "Dveri: Vlast zabranjuje Nacionalno okupljanje" [Dveri: The government is forbidding National Gathering]. N1 (in Serbian). 16 November 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
- ^ Čolić, Leposava (7 November 2023). "Podrška Kine Srbiji" [China's support to Serbia]. FoNet portal (in Serbian). Retrieved 8 November 2023.
- ^ "Đurđević Stamenkovski: Evropska unija ima alternativu, a to je BRIKS" [Đurđević Stamenkovski: The European Union has an alternative, and that is BRICS]. N1 (in Serbian). 14 November 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- ^ "Obradović: Srbija će ostati bez drugih delova teritorije ako se odrekne Kosova" [Obradović: Serbia will be left without other parts of the territory if it renounces Kosovo]. N1 (in Serbian). 16 November 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
- ^ "Đurđević: Postizborna saradnja moguća sa svima koji prihvate politiku Zavetnika o Kosovu" [Đurđević: Post-election cooperation is possible with everyone who accepts the policy of the Oathkeepers on Kosovo]. Danas (in Serbian). 15 November 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
- ^ "Održana Završna konvencija koalicije okupljene oko liste Nacionalnog okupljanja" [The final convention of the coalition gathered around the list of the National Gathering was held]. Tanjug (in Serbian). 10 December 2023. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
- ^ "Šešelj: SRS predala izbornu listu sa nešto više od 11.000 potpisa građana" [Šešelj: SRS handed over its electoral list to RIK with more than 11,000 signatures from citizens]. Danas (in Serbian). 3 November 2023. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
- ^ "Proglašena izborna lista "Dr Vojislav Šešelj – Srpska radikalna stranka" [Electoral list "Dr Vojislav Šešelj – Serbian Radical Party" has been proclaimed]. Euronews (in Serbian). 4 November 2023. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
- ^ "Ristić (SRS) o zdravstvu: Da svako ko se razboli ima svog lekara na raspolaganju 24 sata dnevno" [Ristić (SRS) on healthcare: Everyone who gets sick should have a doctor available 24 hours a day]. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 8 November 2023. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
- ^ "A. Šešelj: SRS se zalaže za ulaganje u domaću privredu i članstvo u BRIKS-u" [A. Šešelj: SRS stands for investment in the domestic economy and membership in BRICS]. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 9 November 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
- ^ "SRS: Vršnjačko nasilje suzbiti pedagoškim merama prevencije" [SRS: Suppress peer violence with pedagogical prevention measures]. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 11 November 2023. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
- ^ "Aleksandar Šešelj: Zabranićemo sve nevladine organizacije koje promovišu nezavisno Kosovo" [Aleksandar Šešelj: We will ban all non-governmental organisations that promote an independent Kosovo]. Tanjug (in Serbian). 21 November 2023. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
- ^ "Šešelj: Ne bismo mogli da učestvujemo u vladi koja je proevropska" [Šešelj: We would not be able to participate in a pro-European government]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 13 November 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- ^ "Srpska radikalna stranka: Srbija nije postigla rezultate u nacionalnom interesu na evropskom putu" [Serbian Radical Party: Serbia has not achieved results in the national interest on the European road]. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 5 November 2023. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
- ^ "Poseta palestinskog ambasadora" [Visit of the Palestinian ambassador]. FoNet portal (in Serbian). 16 November 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
- ^ "Šešelj: Izrael uz podršku SAD sprovodi genocid nad Palestincima" [Šešelj: Israel with the support of the USA is carrying out genocide against the Palestinians]. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 16 November 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
- ^ "Pastor: Savez vojvođanskih Mađara za nastavak saradnje sa SNS" [Pastor: Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians for continued cooperation with SNS]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 14 November 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- ^ "Savez vojvođanskih Mađara na izbore ide uz podršku DSVM-a i SMJ-a" [The Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians is going to the elections with the support of DSVM and SMJ]. N1 (in Serbian). 22 November 2023. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
- ^ "SPP na parlamentarnim izborima sa listom "Usame Zukorlić – Ujedinjeni za pravdu – SPP-DSHV"" [SPP in the parliamentary elections with the list "Usame Zukorlić – United for Justice – SPP-DSHV"]. B92 (in Serbian). 4 November 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
- ^ "Stranka pravde i pomirenja i Demokratski savez Hrvata u Vojvodini predali listu RIK" [The Party of Justice and Reconciliation and the Democratic Alliance of Croats in Vojvodina submitted the list to the RIK]. N1 (in Serbian). 9 November 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
- ^ "Zukorlić i Žigmanov o zajedničkoj listi: Sinergijom do snažnijeg glasa nevećinskih zajednica" [Zukorlić and Žigmanov on the joint list: Synergy to a stronger voice of non-majority communities]. N1 (in Serbian). 14 November 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- ^ "Zukorlić: Doći će dan za pomirenje Beograda i Prištine na principima pravde" [Zukorlić: The day will come for the reconciliation of Belgrade and Priština on the principles of justice]. N1 (in Serbian). 21 November 2023. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
- ^ Ilić, Velimir (12 December 2023). "Podrška Žigmanovu" [Support to Žigmanov]. FoNet portal (in Serbian). Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- ^ a b "SDA Sandžaka predala listu za parlamentarne izbore" [SDA of Sandžak submitted its electoral list for parliamentary elections]. N1 (in Serbian). 15 November 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- ^ "Ugljanin: Borba protiv korupcije, kroz jačanje institucija i pravnog sistema važni za našu stranku" [Ugljanin: The fight against corruption, through the strengthening of institutions and the legal system, is important for our party]. Euronews (in Serbian). 21 November 2023. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
- ^ Mihajlović Jovanović, Suzana (28 April 2023). "Formira se Koalicija za mir i toleranciju" [The Coalition for Peace and Tolerance is being formed]. NG Portal (in Serbian). Retrieved 18 November 2023.
- ^ Novosel, Slađana (5 May 2023). "Najbliži saradnik Zukorlića, Jahja Fehratović napustio SPP" [The closest associate of Zukorlić, Jahja Fehratović, left SPP]. Danas (in Serbian). Retrieved 18 November 2023.
- ^ "Fehratović osniva Stranku budućnosti i razvoja" [Fehratović founds the Party of the Future and Development]. Infolid (in Serbian). 30 October 2023. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
- ^ Spalović, Dejan (10 November 2023). "Formirana manjinska izborna lista "Zajedno za budućnost i razvoj – koalicija za mir i toleranciju"" [Formed minority electoral list "Together for the Future and Development – Coalition for Peace and Tolerance"]. Politika (in Serbian). Retrieved 18 November 2023.
- ^ 17.11.2023. Изборна листа ЗАЈЕДНО ЗА БУДУЦНОСТ И РАЗВОЈ – КОАЛИЦИЈА ЗА МИР И ТОЛЕРАНЦИЈУ [17.11.2023. Electoral list TOGETHER FOR THE FUTURE AND DEVELOPMENT – COALITION FOR PEACE AND TOLERANCE] (Videotape) (in Serbian). Republic Electoral Commission. 17 November 2023. Retrieved 18 November 2023 – via YouTube.
- ^ "RIK: Koaliciji za mir i toleranciju nedostaje 63 potpisa za proglašenje liste" [RIK: The Coalition for Peace and Tolerance lacks 63 signatures to announce the list]. Tanjug (in Serbian). 18 November 2023. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
- ^ "Narodna stranka predala izbornu listu RIK-u" [The People's Party presented its electoral list to RIK]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 19 November 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- ^ "Jeremić: Srbija mora biti neutralna, to podrazumeva uvođenje vojnog roka" [Jeremić: Serbia must be neutral, that implies the introduction of military conscription]. Euronews (in Serbian). 18 November 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- ^ "Vuk Jeremić: Srbija ne bi ušla u EU ni kada bi priznala "Kosovo"" [Vuk Jeremić: Serbia would not join the EU even if it recognized "Kosovo"]. Danas (in Serbian). 14 November 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- ^ "Tadić: SDS spremna da bude deo liste 'Srbija protiv nasilja' uz minimum uslova" [Tadić: SDS is ready to be part of the list of 'Serbia Against Violence' with minimum conditions]. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 2 November 2023. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
- ^ "Tadić: Aleksić nas obavestio da na listi 'Srbija protiv nasilja' ipak nema mesta za SDS" [Tadić: Aleksić informed us that there is no place for SDS on the list of 'Serbia Against Violence']. Novinska agencija Beta (in Serbian). 3 November 2023. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
- ^ "SDS, DJB i pokret "Otete bebe" izlaze zajedno na izbore" [SDS, DJB, and movement "Stolen Babies" are taking part in the elections together]. N1 (in Serbian). 6 November 2023. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
- ^ "Koalicija Tadića i Radulovića predala potpise RIK-u" [The coalition of Tadić and Radulović submitted their signatures to the RIK]. N1 (in Serbian). 22 November 2023. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
- ^ "Dosta je bilo, SDS i udruženje "Otete bebe" predali RIK-u listu" [Enough is Enough, SDS and the association "Stolen Babies" submitted their list to RIK]. Euronews (in Serbian). 22 November 2023. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
- ^ "Ruska stranka predala izbornu listu RIK-u" [Russian Party submitted its electoral list to RIK]. Danas (in Serbian). 25 November 2023. Retrieved 25 November 2023.
- ^ "RIK-u predata izborna lista "Čedomir Jovanović – Mora drugačije"" [The election list "Čedomir Jovanović – It must be different" has been submitted to RIK]. Tanjug (in Serbian). 25 November 2023. Retrieved 25 November 2023.
- ^ "Lista "Srbija na Zapadu-Da se struka pita" predala potpise za beogradske i parlamentarne izbore – industrijalac Vladimir Kovačević nosilac liste" [The list "Serbia in the West – Experts Should Have A Say" submitted signatures for the Belgrade and parliamentary elections – industrialist Vladimir Kovačević is the leader of the list]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). 26 November 2023. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- ^ "Listu 'Srbija na Zapadu–Da se struka pita' podržali akademici Dušan Teodorović i Velimir Radmilović" [The list "Serbia in the West – Experts Should Have A Say" was supported by academics Dušan Teodorović and Velimir Radmilović]. Danas (in Serbian). 10 November 2023. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- ^ "Grupa građana Mi Glas iz naroda predala RIK- u listu za izbore za Skupštinu Srbije" [Citizens group We the voice from the people submitted RIK its electoral list for the elections for the Assembly of Serbia]. Danas (in Serbian). 26 November 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
- ^ "Centralna konvencija SPS-a u Beogradu; NADA obišla srpske enklave na KiM" [SPS Central Convention in Belgrade; NADA visited Serbian enclaves in Kosovo and Metohija]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 26 November 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
- ^ "Čedomir Jovanović kaže da je razgovarao sa Kurtijem: O Kosovu se mora reći istina" [Čedomir Jovanović says that he spoke with Kurti: The truth must be told about Kosovo]. N1 (in Serbian). 3 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
- ^ Multiple sources:
- "Istraživanje Demostata: spoljno-političke orijentacije građana Srbije" [Demostat research: foreign policy orientations of Serbian citizens] (PDF) (in Serbian). Demostat. 29 June 2022. p. 22. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2022. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
- "Srbija, leto 2022. – protivljenje uvođenju sankcija Rusiji porsalo sa 82,2 na 84 odsto. Članstvo srbije u NATO podržava 4,3 odsto, a protivi mu se 88,1 odsto" [Serbia, summer 2022 – opposition to the introduction of sanctions against Russia increased from 82.2 to 84 percent. Serbia's membership in NATO is supported by 4.3 percent, while 88.1 percent oppose it] (in Serbian). Nova srpska politička misao. 27 July 2022. Archived from the original on 8 November 2022. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
- "SNS na 46,3 odsto, desnica u porastu: najnovije istraživanje "Faktor plusa" pokazalo i ovo: Neko treba da popuni prazninu nastalu u "proevropskoj" opoziciji!" [SNS at 46.3 percent, the right on the rise: the latest "Faktor Plus" opinion poll also showed this: Someone needs to fill the gap created in the "pro-European" opposition!]. Blic (in Serbian). 25 October 2022. Archived from the original on 6 November 2022. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
- "Međunarodna politička situacija i javno mnjenje u Srbiji" [International political situation and public opinion in Serbia] (in Serbian). Šta Srbija misli?. 22 February 2023. Archived from the original on 22 February 2023. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
- "Istraživanje javnog mnjenja: Koliko bi građana glasalo za vlast, koliko za organizatore protests" [Public opinion poll: How many citizens would vote for the government, how many for the protest organisers] (in Serbian). N1. 19 September 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
- "Stavovi građana Srbije i Beograda" [Stances of citizens of Serbia and Belgrade] (PDF). CRTA (in Serbian). 16 October 2023. pp. 2, 9. Retrieved 16 October 2023.
- ^ Valtner, Lidija (20 September 2023). "Zašto istraživanja javnog mnjenja sada treba uzimati sa dozom sumnje?" [Why should public opinion polls be taken with a grain of salt now?]. Danas (in Serbian). Retrieved 14 October 2023.
- ^ "Proevropski ili nacionalni: Koji blok je širi?" [Pro-European or the national: which bloc is wider?]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). 18 October 2023. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
- ^ "BIRODI: Mediji da ne objavljuju istraživanja javnog mnjenja ako se ne zna naručilac istraživanja" [BIRODI: The media should not publish public opinion surveys if the person who commissioned the survey is not known]. Danas (in Serbian). 26 July 2023. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
- ^ "Srećko Mihailović: Istraživanja javnog mnjenja u Srbiji su uglavnom neprofesionalna i pristrasna" [Srećko Mihailović: Public opinion surveys in Serbia are mostly unprofessional and biased]. Danas (in Serbian). 7 July 2023. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
- ^ Živanović, Katarina (20 April 2022). "Gavrilović: Istraživači prolaze "toplog zeca" kada objave rezultate koji "žuljaju" vlast" [Gavrilović: Researchers go through a "hot rabbit" when they publish results that "scald" the government]. Danas (in Serbian). Retrieved 14 October 2023.
- ^ a b "RIK: Određeni rokovi za izborne radnje" [RIK: Deadlines for electoral actions have been set]. N1 (in Serbian). 4 November 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
- ^ a b "CeSID dosad zabeležio više od 50 nepravilnosti na izborima" [So far, CeSID recorded more than 50 irregularities in the elections]. N1 (in Serbian). 17 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ a b "Serbia's ruling populists claim sweeping victory in election amid vote-rigging accusations". The Guardian. 18 December 2023. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ Kirby, Paul; Delauney, Guy (17 December 2023). "Serbia election: Vucic claims big election victory for ruling party". BBC News. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ Vasović, Aleksandar (18 December 2023). "Serbia's ruling SNS set to win election, Vucic declares victory". Reuters. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Nedeljkov: Napadnuti posmatrači Crte i uništeno im vozilo u Odžacima" [Nedeljkov: CRTA observers attacked and their vehicle destroyed in Odžaci]. N1 (in Serbian). 17 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Porodično glasanje, pritisak na birače: CeSID objavio nepravilnosti od 14 do 17 časova" [Family voting, pressure on voters: CeSID announced irregularities from 14:00 to 17:00]. N1 (in Serbian). 17 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Parandilović: Odbornik SNS u kafani u Priboju prekraja izbornu volju građana" [Parandilović: Members of SNS in a pub in Priboj are destroying the electoral will of the citizens]. N1 (in Serbian). 17 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ Opačić, Ana (17 December 2023). "Birači iz Republike Srpske organizovano u Areni, odakle se preusmeravaju gde da glasaju" [Voters from Republika Srpska are organised in the Arena, from where they are redirected to where to vote]. N1 (in Serbian). Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Došla ova televizija N: Obezbeđenje objašnjava proceduru za glasanje u Areni za ljude iz BiH" ["This television N has arrived": Security explains the procedure for voting in the Arena for people from Bosnia and Herzegovina]. N1 (in Serbian). 17 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Pripadnici obezbeđenja u Areni izbacili članove RIK-a" [The members of the security in the Arena kicked out the members of the RIK]. N1 (in Serbian). 17 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Brnabić se oglasila povodom glasača iz Republike Srpske u Areni" [Brnabić spoke about the voters from Republika Srpska in the Arena]. N1 (in Serbian). 17 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ Bulajić, Žana (7 December 2023). "Da li fantomi žive među nama? Ako ih niko nije video ni čuo, zašto ih država zove na glasanje" [Do phantoms live among us? If no one has ever heard about them, why is the country calling them to vote]. N1 (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 21 June 2024. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
- ^ Kuzmanović, Aleksandra (17 December 2023). ""Zabranjeno da neko ima prebivalište tamo gde ne živi": Profesor o biračima iz RS u Areni" ["It is forbidden for someone to have a residence where he does not live": Professor on voters from RS in Arena]. N1 (in Serbian). Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "ODIHR: Ozbiljne neregularnosti na izborima, predsednik doneo prednost jednoj listi" [ODIHR: Serious irregularities in the elections, the president favoured only one list]. N1 (in Serbian). 18 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Nemačko ministarstvo o izborima u Srbiji: Neprihvatljivo za zemlju sa statusom kandidata za EU" [The German Ministry on the elections in Serbia: Unacceptable for a country with EU candidate status]. N1 (in Serbian). 18 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Šef posmatračke delegacije: Istina je šokantna, video sam listiće napravljene u kopirnici" [Head of the observation delegation: The truth is shocking, I saw ballots made in the copy shop]. N1 (in Serbian). 19 December 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
- ^ Psaledakis, Daphne; Singh, Kanishka (20 December 2023). "EU, US urge Serbia to address concerns about electoral process". Reuters. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
- ^ Bayer, Lili (18 December 2023). "Serbia's elections held under 'unjust conditions', say international observers". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
- ^ "SAD: Pozivamo Srbiju da istraži navode o neregularnostima na izborima" [USA: We call on Serbia to investigate allegations of irregularities in the elections]. N1 (in Serbian). 19 December 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
- ^ "Američki senatori: Izbori u Srbiji ni slobodni ni fer" [American senators: Elections in Serbia are neither free nor fair]. N1 (in Serbian). 20 December 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
- ^ "Šider: Brnabić širi dezinformacije o meni, napada posmatrače umesto da se pozabavi nepravilnostima" [Schieder: Brnabić is spreading misinformation about me and is attacking observers instead of dealing with irregularities]. N1 (in Serbian). 22 December 2023. Retrieved 23 December 2023.
- ^ "Brnabić: Opozicija, CRTA i druge NVO pokušavaju da destabilizuju zemlju" [Brnabić: The opposition, CRTA and other NGOs are trying to destabilize the country]. Tanjug (in Serbian). 22 December 2023. Retrieved 23 December 2023.
- ^ "Evropski posmatrači o kritikama vlasti u Beogradu: Ovo pokazuje da smo pogodili tačku" [European observers on criticism of the authorities in Belgrade: This shows that we have hit the spot]. N1 (in Serbian). 22 December 2023. Retrieved 23 December 2023.
- ^ "RIK: Na vanrednim parlamentarnim izborima pravo glasa ima 6.500.666 birača" [RIK: In the extraordinary parliamentary elections, 6,500,666 voters have the right to vote]. N1 (in Serbian). 15 December 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
- ^ a b "Cesid objavio gde može da se glasa u inostranstvu: 81 biračko mesto u 35 zemalja širom sveta" [Cesid announced where you can vote abroad: 81 polling stations in 35 countries around the world]. Danas (in Serbian). 27 November 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
- ^ "Počelo štampanje glasačkih listića; Dimitrijević: Rekordan broj mesta za glasanje u inostranstvu" [Printing of ballots has begun, Dimitrijević: Record number of places to vote abroad]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). Retrieved 6 December 2023.
- ^ "Na kojim će se sve biračkim mestima ponoviti glasanje 30. decembra" [At which voting stations will the voting be repeated on December 30]. N1 (in Serbian). 20 December 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
- ^ "IPSOS/CeSID: Projekcija rezultata parlamentarnih izbora" [IPSOS/CeSID: Projection of parliamentary election results]. N1 (in Serbian). 17 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "CRTA objavila rezultate na osnovu 95 odsto obrađenog uzorka" [CRTA published results based on 95 percent of the processed sample]. N1 (in Serbian). 17 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "CeSID i IPSOS obradili 97,2 odsto uzorka – SNS-u 128 mandata, SPN-u 65" [CeSID and IPSOS processed 97.2 percent of the sample – SNS 128 mandates, SPN 65]. N1 (in Serbian). 18 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Poslednji podaci RIK-a i PIK-a: SNS blizu 50 odsto, Dveri i Zavetnici ispod cenzusa" [Latest data from RIK and PIK: SNS close to 50 percent, Dveri and Oathkeepers are below the threshold]. N1 (in Serbian). 18 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "RIK: SNS osvojio najviše glasova u inostranstvu, sledi "Srbija protiv nasilja"" [RIK: SNS won the most votes abroad, followed by Serbia Against Violence]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 21 December 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
- ^ "Vladimir Dimitrijević: Izborni rezultati moći će uživo da se prate" [Vladimir Dimitrijević: The election results will be able to be followed live]. Tanjug (in Serbian). 17 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "RIK proglasio konačne rezultate parlamentarnih izbora u Srbiji" [REC announced the final results of the parliamentary elections in Serbia]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). 12 January 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
- ^ Kovačević, Miladin (2024). Izbori za narodne poslanike Narodne skupštine Republike Srbije (PDF) (in Serbian). Belgrade: Republic Bureau of Statistics. p. 8–9. ISBN 978-86-6161-252-7. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
- ^ "Boško Obradović podneo ostavku na mesto predsednika Dveri" [Boško Obradović resigns as president of Dveri]. Euronews (in Serbian). 23 December 2023. Retrieved 23 December 2023.
- ^ "Svi članovi Predsedništva Narodne stranke podneli ostavke" [All members of the presidency of the People's Party resigned from their positions]. N1 (in Serbian). 23 December 2023. Retrieved 23 December 2023.
- ^ Howey, William (5 December 2023). "Serbia revives lithium mining plans with EU agreement". Economist Intelligence Unit. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
- ^ Dunai, Marton; Russell, Alec (16 June 2024). "Serbia set to give green light to Rio Tinto lithium mine". Financial Times. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
- ^ Dedović, Dragoslav (19 June 2024). "Vučićev poljubac za Rio Tinto" [Vučić's kiss for Rio Tinto]. Deutsche Welle (in Serbian). Retrieved 22 June 2024.
- ^ "Vlada Srbije ponovo otvorila vrata Rio Tintu za iskopavanje litijuma, oštre osude ekoloških organizacija" [The Government of Serbia reopened the door to Rio Tinto for lithium mining, harsh condemnation of environmental organisations]. Voice of America (in Serbian). 16 July 2024. Retrieved 30 July 2024.
- ^ "Rio Tinto u Srbiji: Demonstracije protiv rudnika litijuma, najava radikalizacije protesta" [Rio Tinto in Serbia: Demonstrations against lithium mines, announcement of radicalisation of protests]. BBC News (in Serbian). 29 July 2024. Retrieved 30 July 2024.
- ^ "Brnabić: "Srbija ne sme da stane" ima 47,1 posto, imaćemo više od 125 poslanika" [Brnabić: "Serbia must not stop" has 47.1 percent, we will have more than 125 deputies]. N1 (in Serbian). 17 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ a b "Dačić: Potrebno je naći novog lidera SPS" [Dacic: It is necessary to find a new SPS leader]. N1 (in Serbian). 17 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Dodik čestitao Vučiću: Ponosan sam na sve iz RS koji su glasali" [Dodik congratulated Vučić: I am proud of everyone from RS who voted]. N1 (in Serbian). 18 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Mađarska predsednica čestitala Vučiću i SNS na "velikoj izbornoj pobedi"" [The Hungarian president congratulated Vučić and SNS on the "great election victory"]. Tanjug (in Serbian). 18 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Vučić: Sastavljamo važno pismo o najbrutalnijem mešanju jedne važne zemlje u izbore u Srbiji" [Vučić: We are writing an important letter about the most brutal interference of an important country in the elections in Serbia]. N1 (in Serbian). 21 December 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
- ^ "Nestorović za N1: Nećemo sarađivati ni sa jednima ni sa drugima" [Nestorović for N1: We will not cooperate with any of them]. N1 (in Serbian). 17 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Izbori u Srbiji, dan posle: Najveće iznenađenje Nestorović" [Elections in Serbia, the day after: Nestorović's biggest surprise]. Danas (in Serbian). 18 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Pastor: Rezultat kakav smo želeli, koalicija samo sa SNS" [Pastor: We got the result we wanted, coalition only with SNS]. N1 (in Serbian). 18 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Bešić: Naše društvo podeljenije nego pre izbora, neuspeh desnice jedan od glavnih utisaka nakon glasanja" [Bešić: Our society is more divided than before the election, the failure of the right wing one of the main impressions after the vote]. N1 (in Serbian). 17 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Protesti opozicije pred zgradom RIK-a, traže poništavanje izbora u Beogradu" [Protest of the opposition in front of the RIK building, they are demanding the annulling of the elections in Belgrade]. Al Jazeera Balkans (in Serbian). 18 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Marinika Tepić i Miroslav Aleksić najavili štrajk glađu do poništenja beogradskih izbora" [Marinika Tepić and Miroslav Aleksić announced a hunger strike until the annulment of the Belgrade elections]. Danas (in Serbian). 18 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Aleksić: Tražićemo poništavanje izbora na svim nivoima" [Aleksić: We will ask for the annulment of the elections at all levels]. N1 (in Serbian). 20 December 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
- ^ Milenković, Mirjana R. (21 December 2023). "Koje stranke opozicije još podržavaju ponavljanje izbora?" [Which opposition parties still support repeating the elections?]. Danas (in Serbian). Retrieved 21 December 2023.
- ^ ""Pojačaćemo borbu još više": Štrajku glađu pridružuju se još dve poslanice" ["We will strengthen the fight even more": two more MPs join the hunger strike]. N1 (in Serbian). 21 December 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
- ^ "U štrajk glađu stupaju i Janko Veselinović i Željko Veselinović" [Janko Veselinović and Željko Veselinović also go on hunger strike]. N1 (in Serbian). 22 December 2023. Retrieved 23 December 2023.
- ^ "Još jedan protest ispred RIK-a, u nedelju ističe rok za poništavanje izbora, u suprotnom – blokade" [Another protest in front of the RIK, the deadline for annulment of the election expires on Sunday, otherwise – blockades]. Voice of America (in Serbian). 23 December 2023. Retrieved 24 December 2023.
- ^ "Policija rasterala demonstrante, protest završen: Ima uhapšenih i povređenih" [The police dispersed the protesters, the protest is over: There are arrests and injuries]. N1 (in Serbian). 24 December 2023. Archived from the original on 24 December 2023. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
- ^ Edwards, Christian; Pennington, Josh (25 December 2023). "Demonstrators try to storm Belgrade city hall in protest against "stolen" Serbian elections". CNN. Archived from the original on 25 December 2023. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
- ^ "Procesuirano 38 ljudi sa protesta u Beogradu" [38 people from the protest in Belgrade have been processed]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). 25 December 2023. Archived from the original on 25 December 2023. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
- ^ "Troje opozicionih političara iz Srbije prekinulo štrajk glađu" [Three opposition politicians from Serbia ended their hunger strike]. Al Jazeera Balkans (in Bosnian). 31 December 2023. Archived from the original on 21 February 2024. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
- ^ "Hiljade ljudi na protestu inicijative ProGlas, poništavanje izbora jedini zahtev" [Thousands of people at the protest of the ProGlas initiative, annulment of the election the only demand]. BBC News (in Serbian). 30 December 2023. Archived from the original on 21 June 2024. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
- ^ "Treći protest ispred RIK-a, studenti od ponedeljka najavljuju radikalizaciju i blokade" [The third protest in front of the RIK, students have been announcing radicalisation and blockades since Monday]. Voice of America (in Serbian). 20 December 2023. Archived from the original on 24 December 2023. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
- ^ "Dan posle nereda Vučić kod Harčenka, Đilas tvrdi da su navijači upadali u Skupštinu Beograda" [The day after the Vučić riot near Harchenko, Đilas claims that hooligans broke into the Belgrade Assembly]. Voice of America (in Serbian). 25 December 2023. Archived from the original on 25 December 2023. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
- ^ Martinović, Iva (25 December 2023). "Ruske službe i opozicioni protesti u Srbiji: Podrška Vučiću i optužbe na račun Zapada" [Russian services and opposition protests in Serbia: Support for Vučić and accusations against the West]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 25 December 2023. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
- ^ "Lavrov: Zapad pokušao da organizuje nelegalno preuzimanje vlasti u Srbiji, vlast drži stvari pod kontrolom" [Lavrov: The West tried to organize an illegal takeover of power in Serbia, the government has things under control]. N1 (in Serbian). 31 December 2023. Archived from the original on 19 January 2024. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
- ^ a b "Dačićeva čestitka SNS-u: Saradnja i posle pobede na decembarskim izborima" [Dačić's congratulations to SNS: Cooperation even after the victory in the December elections]. N1 (in Serbian). 21 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
- ^ a b "Ivica Dačić: Najbolje rešenje za Srbiju – Vučić predsednik, Dačić premijer; Sve podseća na drugi krug izbora 2000. godine" [Ivica Dačić: The best solution for Serbia – President Vučić, Prime Minister Dačić; Everything is reminiscent of the second round of the 2000 election]. Insajder (in Serbian). 29 November 2023. Retrieved 2 December 2023.
- ^ "Dačić: Ako SNS ne želi, SPS ne mora da bude u vlasti, ali od nas nema pouzdanijih" [Dacic: If SNS doesn't want to, SPS doesn't have to be in power, but there are none more reliable than us]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 2 December 2023. Retrieved 2 December 2023.
- ^ "Snežana Paunović: SPS odlučila da na izbore ide sa dosadašnjim partnerima, posle izbora sa SNS" [Snežana Paunović: SPS decided to go to the elections with its previous partners, after the elections with the SNS]. Tanjug (in Serbian). 30 October 2023. Retrieved 2 December 2023.
- ^ "Toma Fila: SPS će posle izbora biti u koaliciji sa SNS-om" [Toma Fila: SPS will be in a coalition with SNS after the elections]. Danas (in Serbian). 27 November 2023. Retrieved 2 December 2023.
- ^ "Vučić kaže da Srpska napredna stranka neće formirati vladu sa radikalima" [Vučić says that the Serbian Progressive Party will not form a government with Radicals]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). 1 November 2023. Retrieved 2 December 2023.
- ^ Savić, Danilo (3 December 2023). "Vučiću se komplikuje situacija pred izbore i panika je sve veća: Naprednjaci imaju samo jednog sigurnog saveznika" [The situation before the elections is getting complicated for Vučić and the panic is growing: the Progressives have only one reliable ally]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). Retrieved 4 December 2023.
- ^ ""Logične trzavice" između SNS i SPS: Pa tako Brnabić poredi Ružića s Đilasom" ["Logical conflicts" between SNS and SPS: That's how Brnabić compares Ružić to Đilas]. N1 (in Serbian). 5 December 2023. Retrieved 6 December 2023.
- ^ "Miloš Vučević za Euronews Srbija: Građani biraju između Vučića i Đilasa, nemamo garancije da SPS neće promeniti stranu" [Miloš Vučević for Euronews Serbia: Citizens will choose between Vučić and Đilas, we have no guarantee that the SPS will not change sides]. Euronews (in Serbian). 6 December 2023. Retrieved 7 December 2023.
- ^ Slavković, Stefan (4 December 2023). "Ko to tamo u SPS-u peva protiv Vučića: Predizborna varničenja partnera iz vlasti" [Who is that in the SPS singing against Vučić: Pre-election sparks of partners from the government]. NIN (in Serbian). Retrieved 7 December 2023.
- ^ Jelovac, Jelena (6 December 2023). "Ivica Dačić se pere, a Vučić nastavlja da ga ponižava na svakom koraku" [Ivica Dačić washes himself, and Vučić continues to humiliate him at every step]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). Retrieved 7 December 2023.
- ^ "Skupština Srbije konstituisana uz zvižduke, opozicija položila zakletvu u holu" [The National Assembly of Serbia was constituted with whistles, the opposition took the oath in the hall]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). 6 February 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
- ^ "Ana Brnabić izabrana za predsednicu Skupštine Srbije" [Ana Brnabić was elected as the President of the National Assembly of Serbia]. BBC News (in Serbian). 19 March 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
- ^ Milovančević, Vojislav (2 May 2024). "Izglasana nova Vlada Srbije: Ovo su ministri koji će je činiti" [The new Government of Serbia was voted in: These are the ministers who will make it up]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). Retrieved 22 June 2024.
External links
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