View source for Vladimir Shatalov

{{Short description|Soviet cosmonaut (1927–2021)}}
{{family name hatnote|Aleksandrovich|Shatalov|lang=Eastern Slavic}}
{{Infobox astronaut
| name          = Vladimir Aleksandrovich Shatalov
| native_name = Владимир Александрович Шаталов
| native_name_lang = ru
| type          = Cosmonaut
| image         = Vladimir Shatalov.jpg
| nationality   = {{flag|Soviet Union}} (formerly)<br>{{flag|Russia}}
| birth_date    = {{Birth date|1927|12|8}}
| birth_place   = [[Petropavl]]ovsk, {{Interlanguage link|Akmolinsk Governorate|ru|Акмолинская губерния}}, [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazak ASSR]], [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Russian SFSR]], [[Soviet Union]]<br> (now [[Petropavl]], [[North Kazakhstan Region]], [[Kazakhstan]])
| death_date    = {{Death date and age|2021|6|15|1927|12|8}}
| death_place   = [[Moscow]], [[Russia]]<ref name=SF/>
| resting_place = [[Federal Military Memorial Cemetery]], [[Moscow Oblast]]
| occupation    = [[Aviator|Pilot]]
| rank          = [[Lieutenant General]], [[Soviet Air Force]]<br>[[File:CCCP air-force Rank general-lejtnant infobox.svg|60px]]
| selection     = [[List of astronauts by selection#1963|Air Force Group 2]] (1963)
| time          = 9d 21h 55m
| mission       = [[Soyuz 4]], [[Soyuz 8]], [[Soyuz 10]]
| insignia      = 
| awards        = {{{!}} style="background: transparent"
{{!}}{{Hero of the Soviet Union}}{{!!}}{{Hero of the Soviet Union}}{{!!}}[[File:Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR.png|20px|Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR|link=Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR]]{{!!}}[[File:State Prize Soviet Union.JPG|20px|link=USSR State Prize]]
{{!}}}
{{{!}} style="background: transparent"
{{!}}{{Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 4th class}}{{!!}}{{Order of Friendship}}{{!!}}{{Order of Lenin}}{{!!}}{{Order of Lenin}}
{{!}}-
{{!}}{{Order of Lenin}}{{!!}}{{Order of the October Revolution}}{{!!}}{{Order "For Service to the Homeland in the Armed Forces of the USSR", 3rd class}}{{!!}}{{Medal "For Battle Merit"}}
{{!}}-
{{!}}{{Jubilee Medal "In Commemoration of the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin"}}{{!!}}{{Medal "For Distinction in Guarding the State Border of the USSR"}}{{!!}}{{Jubilee Medal "Twenty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"}}{{!!}}{{Medal "Veteran of the Armed Forces of the USSR"}}
{{!}}-
{{!}}{{Medal "For Strengthening of Brotherhood in Arms"}}{{!!}}{{Medal "For the Development of Virgin Lands"}}{{!!}}{{Jubilee Medal "30 Years of the Soviet Army and Navy"}}{{!!}}{{Jubilee Medal "40 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR"}}
{{!}}-
{{!}}{{Jubilee Medal "50 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR"}}{{!!}}{{Jubilee Medal "60 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR"}}{{!!}}{{Jubilee Medal "70 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR"}}{{!!}}{{Jubilee Medal "50 Years of the Soviet Militia"}}
{{!}}-
{{!}}{{Medal "For Impeccable Service" 1st Class}}{{!!}}{{Medal "For Impeccable Service" 2nd Class}}
{{!}}}
''[[#Honours and awards|Several others (see below)]]''
}}
'''Vladimir Aleksandrovich Shatalov''' ({{langx|ru|Владимир Александрович Шаталов}}; December 8, 1927 – June 15, 2021)<ref>{{cite news |title=Vladimir Shatalov, hero of Soviet cosmonauts, who beat the Americans to the first manned docking in space – obituary |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2021/06/15/vladimir-shatalov-hero-soviet-cosmonauts-beat-americans-first/ |website=The Telegraph |date=15 June 2021 |access-date=June 15, 2021|last1=Obituaries |first1=Telegraph }}</ref> was a [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[astronaut|cosmonaut]] who flew three [[Human spaceflight|space missions]] of the [[Soyuz programme]]: [[Soyuz 4]] (1969), [[Soyuz 8]] (1969), and [[Soyuz 10]] (1971).<ref name=SF>[http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/cosmonauts/english/shatalov_vladimir.htm Spacefacts]. Spacefacts.de. Retrieved on August 4, 2012.</ref> From 1987 to 1991, he headed the [[Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center]]. [[Lieutenant General]], [[Soviet Air Force]] (1975).

==Early life==
Vladimir Shatalov was born on December 8, 1927, in [[Petropavl]]ovsk, {{Interlanguage link|Akmolinsk Governorate|ru|Акмолинская губерния}}, [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic|Kazak Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic]], [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic]], [[Soviet Union|Union of Soviet Socialist Republics]] (now [[Petropavl]], [[North Kazakhstan Region]], [[Kazakhstan|Republic of Kazakhstan]]). His father, Aleksandr Borisovich Shatalov (1890–1970), was a [[Railway engineering|railway engineer]] and an early recipient of the [[Hero of Socialist Labour]]. His mother, Zoya Vladimirovna Shatalova ([[married and maiden names|''née'']] Nikolskaya; 1900–1980), was a [[housewife]]. 

In 1941, Shatalov graduated from the 6th Grade Secondary School No.4 in [[Saint Petersburg|Leningrad]]. During his school years, Shatalov was engaged in aircraft modeling in the [[Pioneers Palace]]. In 1941, he took part in the [[Siege of Leningrad|Defense of Leningrad]] for a month and a half, along with his father at the "Svyazrem-1" repair and restoration train. He helped to build the "Road of Life" across the frozen [[Lake Ladoga]]. This was the only route into the city during the bitter winters.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|date=June 22, 2021|title=Vladimir Shatalov|work=The Times}}</ref> Shatalov went back to Petropavlovsk, where his family left for evacuation. In 1943, Shatalov graduated from the seven-year school in Petropavlovsk.<ref name="Шаталов Владимир Александрович">{{cite web|url=http://warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=1252|title=Шаталов Владимир Александрович|website=Герой Страны|access-date=June 15, 2021}}</ref>

== Early career ==
In early 1945, Shatalov graduated from the 6th Voronezh Air Force Special School, which he was evacuated to [[Karaganda]], followed by [[Lipetsk]]. In July 1945, Shatalov entered the 8th Military Aviation School for initial training of pilots. However, in August 1945, the school had closed. Shatalov continued his studies at the [[Kachinsk Military Aviation School]], which was situated in [[Michurinsk]], [[Tambov Oblast]] at the time. In 1949, Shatalov graduated from college with first category and became a [[pilot]]. From September 7, 1949, Shatalov served as an [[Flight instructor| instructor pilot]], and from June 14, 1951, served as an instructor pilot in piloting techniques of the 706th Training Aviation Regiment of the Kachinsk MAS. From December 12, 1951, Shatalov served as an instructor pilot for the combat use of the 706th TAR.

In 1956, Shatalov graduated from the Command Faculty of the [[Gagarin Air Force Academy|Air Force Academy]]. From November 1956, Shatalov served as deputy squadron commander, then later — squadron commander, and from May 1960 — deputy commander of an aviation regiment in combat units of the Air Force. From February 1961, Shatalov served as a senior inspector-pilot of the combat training department of the [[5th Air Army|48th Air Army]] of the [[Odessa Military District]]. Shatalov was a master on multiple aircraft, mostly the [[Yakovlev|Yak]] and [[Mikoyan|MiG]] aircraft. The total flight time by the time of enrollment in the cosmonaut corps was more than 2,500 hours.

== Cosmonaut career ==
Shatalov had dreams of flying even higher, but was worried he may be too old to train as a cosmonaut. When Yuri Gargarin became the first man in space in April 1961, he was a full seven years younger. However, in 1962 Shatalov was asked to nominate the five best pilots under his command for consideration as cosmonauts, and put his own name forward at the top of the list. He passed the medical exam and then the interview in Moscow, which included Gargarin himself on the panel.<ref name=":0" /> By order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Air Force No.14 on January 10, 1963, Shatalov was enrolled in the [[Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center|Cosmonaut Training Center]] as a listener-cosmonaut. From January 1963 to January 1965, Shatalov underwent general space training. He studied the systems, design and operating rules of the spacecraft [[Vostok (spacecraft)|Vostok 3A]], [[Voskhod (spacecraft)|Voskhod]], [[Voskhod 2]], and [[Soyuz]]. On January 13, 1965, after passing the exams, Shatalov was qualified as an Air Force cosmonaut. On January 23, 1965, 
Shatalov was appointed cosmonaut of the 2nd Detachment (Military Space Programs).

Shatalov was in space three times. He made his first flight on January 14, 1969, on the [[Soyuz 4|Soyuz-4]] spacecraft. It was the first to carry out manual rendezvous and docking with [[Soyuz-5]]. With his participation, for the first time in the world, an experimental space station was created and the transition through open space of cosmonauts [[Aleksei Yeliseyev]] and [[Yevgeny Khrunov]] from the Soyuz-5 spacecraft to the Soyuz-4 was carried out.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.niasam.ru/v_strane/umer-dvazhdy-geroj-sovetskogo-soyuza-kosmonavt-vladimir-shatalov-175059.html|website=NIA Samara|title=Умер дважды Герой Советского Союза космонавт Владимир Шаталов|access-date=June 15, 2021}}</ref><ref name="Умер космонавт Владимир Шаталов">{{cite web|url=https://www.roscosmos.ru/31478/|title=Умер космонавт Владимир Шаталов|website=Roscosmos|access-date=June 15, 2021}}</ref> There was no internal connecting corridor between the two craft, and so the crew had to step into space using handrails on the craft in order to carry out the transition. For his part in this feat, he was made a Hero of the Soviet Union and awarded The Order of Lenin.<ref name=":0" />

==Later life==
From June 25, 1971, Shatalov served as Assistant to the Air Force Commander-in-Chief for Space Flight Preparation and Support (Deputy Air Force Commander for Space). From 1971 to 1991, Shatalov was a member of the State Commission on Manned Space Flights. On April 28, 1972, he defended his dissertation at the Gagarin Academy, and received the degree of candidate of technical sciences. In 1980, Shatalov was a consultant for the science fiction film ''[[Per Aspera Ad Astra (film)|Per Aspera Ad Astra]]''. From January 3, 1987, to September 19, 1991, Shatalov served as the Commander of the Cosmonaut Training Center. By the decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 9, 1992, Shatalov was transferred to the reserve on May 21, 1992.

Shatalov was married to Musa Andreyevna Ionova (* 1928), and together they had two children named Igor Vladimirovich Shatalov (* 1952) and Yelena Vladimirovna Shatalova (* 1958).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-061521a-cosmonaut-vladimir-shatalov-obituary.html|title=Cosmonaut Vladimir Shatalov, who led 3 Soyuz missions, dies at 93
|website=collectSPACE|access-date=June 15, 2021}}</ref>

Shatalov died on June 15, 2021, at age 93.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tass.com/science/1302777|title=Soviet cosmonaut Vladimir Shatalov passes away aged 93|website=TASS News|access-date=June 15, 2021}}</ref> His funeral took place on June 17, 2021, at the [[Federal Military Memorial Cemetery]] in [[Mytishchi]], [[Moscow Oblast]].<ref name="Умер космонавт Владимир Шаталов"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mskagency.ru/materials/3122935|title=Советского космонавта Владимира Шаталова похоронили на мемориальном кладбище в Мытищах|website=АГН «Москва»|date=17 June 2021 |access-date=June 24, 2021}}</ref>

==Honours and awards==
*{{Hero of the Soviet Union}} Twice [[Hero of the Soviet Union]]
**No.10713 — (January 22, 1969) 
**No.85 — (October 22, 1969) 
*{{Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 4th class}} [[Order "For Merit to the Fatherland"]] 4th class (February 4, 2000)
*{{Order of Friendship}} [[Order of Friendship]] (December 4, 2011)
*{{Order of Lenin}} Three [[Order of Lenin|Orders of Lenin]]
**No.400926 — (January 22, 1969, awarded to Heroes of the Soviet Union) 
**(April 30, 1971) 
**(January 15, 1976) 
*{{Order of the October Revolution}} [[Order of the October Revolution]] (December 27, 1982)
*{{Order "For Service to the Homeland in the Armed Forces of the USSR", 3rd class}} [[Order "For Service to the Homeland in the Armed Forces of the USSR"]] 3rd class (February 22, 1989) 
*{{Medal "For Battle Merit"}} [[Medal "For Battle Merit"]] (December 30, 1952)
*{{Jubilee Medal "In Commemoration of the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin"}} [[Jubilee Medal "In Commemoration of the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin"]]
*{{Medal "For Distinction in Guarding the State Border of the USSR"}} [[Medal "For Distinction in Guarding the State Border of the USSR"]]
*{{Jubilee Medal "Twenty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"}} [[Jubilee Medal "Twenty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"]]
*{{Medal "Veteran of the Armed Forces of the USSR"}} [[Medal "Veteran of the Armed Forces of the USSR"]]
*{{Medal "For Strengthening of Brotherhood in Arms"}} [[Medal "For Strengthening of Brotherhood in Arms"]], (May 24, 1982)
*{{Medal "For the Development of Virgin Lands"}} [[Medal "For the Development of Virgin Lands"]] (~1969)
*[[File:State Prize Soviet Union.JPG|20px]] [[USSR State Prize]] (1981)
*[[File:Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR.png|20px]] [[Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR]] (January 22, 1969)
*{{Interlanguage link|Honored Master of Sports of the USSR|ru|Заслуженный мастер спорта СССР}} (October 21, 1969)
*{{Interlanguage link|Honorary radio operator|ru|Почётный радист}} (1971)
*Honorary Metallurgist (July 14, 1972)
*Honorary Surveyor (1988)
*Several commemoration awards

Foreign awards:
*[[File:AHLD.jpg|20px]] [[Hero of Labor (Vietnam)|Hero of Labor]] ([[Vietnam]], 1980)
*[[File:Ho Shi Min order rib.png|40px]] [[Order of Ho Chi Minh]] ([[Vietnam]], 1980)
*[[File:Ord friendship rib.PNG|40px]] {{ill|Order of Friendship of Peoples (Afghanistan){{!}}Order of Friendship of Peoples|ru|Орден «Дружба народов» (Афганистан)}} ([[Democratic Republic of Afghanistan]])
*[[File:Order «Madarskii vsadnik».png|40px]] {{ill|Order "Madara Horseman"|bg|Мадарски конник (орден)}} ([[Bulgaria]], 2008)
*[[File:100thAnniversaryOfLiberationRibbon.jpg|40px]] Medal "100 years of Bulgaria's Liberation from Ottoman Slavery" ([[People's Republic of Bulgaria]])
*[[File:Bulgaria-Brotherhood-Arms-Medal-ribbon.png|40px]] {{ill|Medal "For strengthening the brotherhood of arms"|ru|Медаль «За укрепление братства по оружию»}} ([[People's Republic of Bulgaria]], 1977)
*[[File:Medal for Strngthening Brotherhood in Arms 1 kl.png|40px]] {{ill|Medal "For strengthening friendship in arms"|ru|Медаль «За укрепление дружбы по оружию» (ЧССР)}} ([[Czechoslovak Socialist Republic]], 1980)
*[[File:Pasador Orden Playa Girón.gif|40px]] [[Order of Playa Girón]] ([[Cuba]], 1980)
*[[File:Order of Solidarity (Cuba) - ribbon bar.png|40px]] Order of Solidarity ([[Cuba]], 1983)
*[[File:Medalla XX Aniversario de las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias (cinta).svg|40px]] {{ill|20th Anniversary Commemorative Medal of the Revolutionary Armed Forces|es|Medalla Conmemorativa XX Aniversario de las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias}} ([[Cuba]])
*[[File:Order of Karl Marx ribbon bar.png|40px]] [[Order of Karl Marx]] ([[East Germany]], 1977)
*[[File:GDR Scharnhorst-Order bar.png|40px]] [[Order of Scharnhorst]] ([[East Germany]], September 11th, 1978)
*[[File:GDR Brotherhood in Arms Medal - Gold BAR.png|40px]] Gold [[Medal Brotherhood in Arms]] ([[East Germany]], 1978)
*[[File:Hu3ofl0.png|40px]] [[Order of the Flag of the People's Republic of Hungary]] ([[Hungarian People's Republic]], 1981)
*[[File:OrdenPolStar.png|40px]] [[Order of the Polar Star (Mongolia)|Order of the Polar Star]] ([[Mongolian People's Republic]], 1983)
*[[File:Med 60th anniversary of mongolian people's army rib.PNG|40px]] Medal "60 years of the Mongolian People's Army" ([[Mongolian People's Republic]], 1981)
*[[File:POL Odznaka Braterstwa Broni BAR.png|40px]] {{ill|Medal "Brotherhood in Arms"|pl|Odznaka Braterstwa Broni}} ([[Polish People's Republic]], 1977)
*[[File:Order of freendship (Syria).png|40px]] Order of freendship ([[Syria]])
*Several other awards<ref name="Шаталов Владимир Александрович"/>

A [[Shatalov (crater)|crater]] on the Moon was named after Shatalov.

Honorary citizen of the cities: [[Kaluga]], [[Kurgan, Kurgan Oblast|Kurgan]] (1969), [[Nalchik]] (Russia), [[Karaganda]], [[Petropavl]] (Kazakhstan), [[Prague]] (Czech Republic), [[Houston]] (USA).

==References==
{{Commons category}}
{{Reflist|2}}

== Further reading ==
* J. K. Golovanov, "Korolev: Facts and myths", [[Nauka (publisher)|Nauka]], 1994, {{ISBN|5-02-000822-2}};
* «Rockets and people» - [[Boris Chertok|B. E. Chertok]], M: "mechanical engineering", 1999, - {{ISBN|5-217-02942-0}};
* "Bank of the Universe" - edited by Boltenko A. C., Kiev, 2014., publishing house "Phoenix", {{ISBN|978-966-136-169-9}}
*[http://www.baikonuradm.ru/index.php?mod=180 The official website of the city administration Baikonur - Honorary citizens of Baikonur]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shatalov, Vladimir}}
[[Category:1927 births]]
[[Category:2021 deaths]]
[[Category:1969 in spaceflight]]
[[Category:1971 in spaceflight]]
[[Category:People from Petropavl]]
[[Category:Ninth convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Tenth convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Heroes of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 4th class]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Friendship]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Lenin]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the October Revolution]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order "For Service to the Homeland in the Armed Forces of the USSR", 3rd class]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Medal "For Battle Merit"]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Medal "For Distinction in Guarding the State Border of the USSR"]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Medal "For Strengthening of Brotherhood in Arms"]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Medal "For the Development of Virgin Lands"]]
[[Category:Recipients of the USSR State Prize]]
[[Category:Honoured Masters of Sport of the USSR]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Ho Chi Minh]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Polar Star (Mongolia)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Karl Marx]]
[[Category:Russian people of Kazakhstani descent]]
[[Category:Soviet Air Force generals]]
[[Category:Soviet cosmonauts]]
[[Category:Soviet lieutenant generals]]
[[Category:Burials at the Federal Military Memorial Cemetery]]
[[Category:Kacha Military Aviation School alumni]]