Embryophyte

Land plants; කාලීන ව්‍යාප්තිය: Mid Ordovician–Present PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N (Spores from Dapingian (early Middle Ordovician))
	Moss Angiosperm Fern Hornwort Gymnosperm Lycophyte
විද්‍යාත්මක වර්ගීකරණය
රාජධානිය:	Plantae
ක්ලේඩය:	Streptophyta
ක්ලේඩය:	Embryophytes; Engler, 1892
Divisions
	Non-vascular land plants (bryophytes) Marchantiophyta – liverworts; Bryophyta – mosses; Anthocerotophyta – hornworts; †Horneophytopsida; ; Vascular plants (tracheophytes) †Rhyniophyta – rhyniophytes; †Zosterophyllophyta – zosterophylls; Lycopodiophyta – clubmosses; †Trimerophytophyta – trimerophytes; Polypodiophyta – ferns and horsetails; Seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta – seed ferns; Pinophyta – conifers; Cycadophyta – cycads; Ginkgophyta – ginkgo; Gnetophyta – gnetae; Magnoliophyta – flowering plants; ; ; Traditional groups: Bryophyta; Pteridophyta; Gymnospermae*; Angiospermae;
Synonyms
	Cormophyta Endlicher, 1836; Phyta Barkley, 1939; Cormobionta Rothmaler, 1948; Euplanta Barkley, 1949; Telomobionta Takhtajan, 1964; Embryobionta Cronquist et al. 1966; Metaphyta Whittaker, 1969; Plantae Margulis, 1971;

Embryophyta, යනු ශාක වර්ගීකරණයෙහි දී භාවිතාවන පදයකි.

මූලාශ්‍ර

^ Gray, J.; Chaloner, W.G.; Westoll, T.S. (1985), "The Microfossil Record of Early Land Plants: Advances in Understanding of Early Terrestrialization, 1970-1984 [and Discussion]", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 309 (1138): 167–195,
doi:10.1098/rstb.1985.0077
,
Bibcode: 1985RSPTB.309..167G
^ Rubinstein, C.V.; Gerrienne, P.; De La Puente, G.S.; Astini, R.A.; Steemans, P. (2010), "Early Middle Ordovician evidence for land plants in Argentina (eastern Gondwana)", New Phytologist 188 (2): 365–9,
doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03433.x
,
PMID 20731783
^ Engler, A. 1892. Syllabus der Vorlesungen über specielle und medicinisch-pharmaceutische Botanik: Eine Uebersicht über das ganze Pflanzensystem mit Berücksichtigung der Medicinal- und Nutzpflanzen. Berlin: Gebr. Borntraeger.
^ Pirani, J. R.; Prado, J. (2012). "Embryopsida, a new name for the class of land plants" (PDF). Taxon. 61 (5): 1096–1098. doi:10.1002/tax.615014.
^ Barkley, Fred A. Keys to the phyla of organisms. Missoula, Montana. 1939.
^ Rothmaler, Werner. Über das natürliche System der Organismen. Biologisches Zentralblatt. 67: 242-250. 1948.
^ Barkley, Fred A. "Un esbozo de clasificación de los organismos". Revista de la Facultad Nacional de Agronomia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín. 10: 83–103. 2020-04-21 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 2022-01-28.
^ Takhtajan, A (1964). "The taxa of the higher plants above the rank of order" (PDF). Taxon. 13 (5): 160–164. doi:10.2307/1216134. JSTOR 1216134.
^ Cronquist, A.; Takhtajan, A.; Zimmermann, W. (1966). "On the Higher Taxa of Embryobionta" (PDF). Taxon. 15 (4): 129–134. doi:10.2307/1217531. JSTOR 1217531.
^ Whittaker, R. H. (1969). "New concepts of kingdoms or organisms" (PDF). Science. 163 (3863): 150–160. Bibcode:1969Sci...163..150W. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.403.5430. doi:10.1126/science.163.3863.150. PMID 5762760. 2017-11-17 දින මුල් පිටපත (PDF) වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 2014-11-28.
^ Margulis, L (1971). "Whittaker's five kingdoms of organisms: minor revisions suggested by considerations of the origin of mitosis". Evolution. 25 (1): 242–245. doi:10.2307/2406516. JSTOR 2406516. PMID 28562945.

මෙම ලිපිය තවමත් අංකුර ලිපියකි. විකිපීඩියාවට උදවුවක් ලෙසින් ඔබ හට එය විහිදුවාලිය හැක.

[Gray1985-1] Gray, J.; Chaloner, W.G.; Westoll, T.S. (1985), "The Microfossil Record of Early Land Plants: Advances in Understanding of Early Terrestrialization, 1970-1984 [and Discussion]", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 309 (1138): 167–195,
doi:10.1098/rstb.1985.0077
,
Bibcode: 1985RSPTB.309..167G

[2] Rubinstein, C.V.; Gerrienne, P.; De La Puente, G.S.; Astini, R.A.; Steemans, P. (2010), "Early Middle Ordovician evidence for land plants in Argentina (eastern Gondwana)", New Phytologist 188 (2): 365–9,
doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03433.x
,
PMID 20731783

[3] Engler, A. 1892. Syllabus der Vorlesungen über specielle und medicinisch-pharmaceutische Botanik: Eine Uebersicht über das ganze Pflanzensystem mit Berücksichtigung der Medicinal- und Nutzpflanzen. Berlin: Gebr. Borntraeger.

[4] Pirani, J. R.; Prado, J. (2012). "Embryopsida, a new name for the class of land plants" (PDF). Taxon. 61 (5): 1096–1098. doi:10.1002/tax.615014.

[5] Barkley, Fred A. Keys to the phyla of organisms. Missoula, Montana. 1939.

[6] Rothmaler, Werner. Über das natürliche System der Organismen. Biologisches Zentralblatt. 67: 242-250. 1948.

[7] Barkley, Fred A. "Un esbozo de clasificación de los organismos". Revista de la Facultad Nacional de Agronomia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín. 10: 83–103. 2020-04-21 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 2022-01-28.

[8] Takhtajan, A (1964). "The taxa of the higher plants above the rank of order" (PDF). Taxon. 13 (5): 160–164. doi:10.2307/1216134. JSTOR 1216134.

[9] Cronquist, A.; Takhtajan, A.; Zimmermann, W. (1966). "On the Higher Taxa of Embryobionta" (PDF). Taxon. 15 (4): 129–134. doi:10.2307/1217531. JSTOR 1217531.

[10] Whittaker, R. H. (1969). "New concepts of kingdoms or organisms" (PDF). Science. 163 (3863): 150–160. Bibcode:1969Sci...163..150W. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.403.5430. doi:10.1126/science.163.3863.150. PMID 5762760. 2017-11-17 දින මුල් පිටපත (PDF) වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 2014-11-28.

[11] Margulis, L (1971). "Whittaker's five kingdoms of organisms: minor revisions suggested by considerations of the origin of mitosis". Evolution. 25 (1): 242–245. doi:10.2307/2406516. JSTOR 2406516. PMID 28562945.

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v t e උද්භිදවේදය (Botany)
උද්භිදවේදයේ උප ක්‍ෂේත්‍ර (Subdisciplines of botany)	Ethnobotany · Paleobotany · Plant anatomy · Plant ecology · Plant evo-devo · Plant morphology · Plant physiology
Plants	Evolutionary history of plants · Algae · Bryophyte · Pteridophyte · Gymnosperm · Angiosperm
Plant parts	Flower · Fruit · Leaf · Meristem · Root · Stem · Stoma · Vascular tissue · Wood
ශාක සෛලය	සෛල බිත්තිය · Chlorophyll · Chloroplast · Photosynthesis · Plant hormone · Plastid · Transpiration
ශාක ප්‍රජනනය	Alternation of generations · Gametophyte · Plant sexuality · Pollen · Pollination · Seed · Spore · Sporophyte
ශාක නාමකරණය	Botanical name · Botanical nomenclature · Morphology and Botanical glossaries · Herbarium · IAPT · ICBN · Species Plantarum
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