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Salta Province

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Salta
Province
Banner o Salta
Banner
Coat of airms o Salta
Coat airms
Eik-name(s): 
La Linda (The beautiful)
Location o Salta Province athin Argentinae
Location o Salta Province athin Argentinae
KintraArgentinae
CaipitalSalta
Depairtments23
Municipalities58
Govrenment
 • GovrenorGustavo Sáenz
 • Deputies7
 • Senators3
Area
 • Total155488 km2 (60,034 sq mi)
Population
 (2010[1])
 • Total1,214,441
 • Rank8t
 • Density7.8/km2 (20/sq mi)
Demonym(s)salteño/a
Time zoneUTC−3 (ART)
ISO 3166 codeAR-A
Websitewww.salta.gov.ar

Salta (Spaingie pronunciation: [ˈsalta]) is a province o Argentinae, locatit in the northwast o the kintra. Neebourin provinces are frae the east clockwise Formosa, Chaco, Santiago del Estero, Tucumán an Catamarca. It surroonds Jujuy an aw. Tae the north it borders Bolivie an Paraguay an tae the wast lees Chile.

History

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Afore the Spainyie conquest, numerous native fowks (nou cried Diaguitas an Calchaquíes) livit in the glens o what is nou Salta Province; thay formit mony different tribes, the Quilmes an Humahuacas amang thaim, which aw shared the Cacán leid. The Atacamas livit in the Puna, an the Wichís (Matacos), in the Chaco region.

The first conquistador tae ventur intae the aurie wis Diego de Almagro in 1535; he wis follaeed bi Diego de Rojas. Hernando de Lerma foondit San Felipe de Lerma in 1582, follaein orders o the viceroy Francisco de Toledo, Coont o Oropesa; the name o the ceety wis suin chyngit tae "San Felipe de Salta". Bi 1650, the ceety haed aroond five hunder indwallers.

Colonial Cabildo in the ceety o Salta.

An intendency o "Salta del Tucumán" wis creatit athin the Viceroyalty o the Río de la Plata. In 1774, San Ramón de La Nueva Orán wis foondit atween Salta an Tarija (Tarija wis addit tae the intendency later, in 1807). In 1783, in recognition o the growin importance o the ceety, the caipital o the intendency o Salta del Tucumán wis muivit frae San Miguel de Tucumán tae Salta.

The battle o Salta in 1813 freed the territory frae Spain, but occasional attacks wur muntit frae the Viceryalty o Peru as late as 1826. Gervasio de Posadas creatit the Province o Salta in 1814, containin the current provinces o Salta, Jujuy, an pairts o soothren Bolivie an northren Chile.

Exploitin internal Argentine conflicts that arose efter the Argentine Declaration o Unthirldom, Bolivie annexed Tarija in 1826. In 1834, Jujuy athdrew frae Salta an became a separate province. The borders o Salta wur faur reducit in 1900, wi the loss o Yacuiba tae Bolivie.

The National Govrenment o Los Andes, constitutit frae the province in 1902 wi a caipital at San Antonio de los Cobres, wis returned tae Salta Province in 1943 as the Depairtment o Los Andes.

Antonio Alice's pentin, La muerte de Güemes, which receivit a Gowd Medal at the Centenar Exposition, is on display at the offices o the Salta Provincial Govrenment.[2]

Geografie an climate

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La Caldera Valley, Salta.

The province is locatit on the tropic o Capricorn, an receives baith tropical an temperate influences. Thare are five main climates in the province: the climate o the Impenetrable tae the east, the Yungas, the climate o law glens (Valles Calchaquies, Valle de Lerma), the climate o the Altiplano, an the climate o the heichest peaks.

The Impenetrable region haes ane o the maist extreme climates in Sooth Americae. Winters are pleasant but short, wi heich temperaturs uisually atween 18 °C an 25 °C (64F tae 77F) an laws atween 7 °C an 14 °C (45F tae 57F). Temperaturs can soar tae 35 °C (95F) or reach belaw 0 °C (32F) on occasion. The main featur o the ceul saison is its merked dryness. Ware is even dryer than winter, an heich temperaturs quickly reach averages o 28 °C (82F) in September, 31 °C (88F) in October an 34 °C (93F) in November. This, combined tae the extreme dryness, produces a vera severe drocht. Simmer runs frae November till Aprile, an is characterisit bi the extreme heat an the severe thunnerstorms: 80% o yearly precipitation faws in this saison, an average maximum temperaturs reach 37 °C (99F) wi laws o 23 °C (73F) an vera heich humidity. Sicweys, extremely oppressive wather lasts for ower 6 month in the region. Durin heat waves, ower 45 °C (113F) are reached. Hairst arrives suddent in Aprile wi mair pleasant, dry wather, an bi late Mey, winter conditions settle. Precipitation ranges frae 500 mm (20 in) tae 700 mm (28 in).

The first slopes o the Andes force the moist, easterly winds tae rise, provokin vera heich condensation. At law altitudes, the climate is still het durin maist o the year, but the increased storminess greatly moderates heich temperaturs: the average heich in midsimmer is 33 °C (91F), an tot rainfaw ranges frae 900 mm tae ower 2,000 mm, creatin a thick jungle cried Yunga. At heicher altitudes, the wather is hintle ceuler an thare is a layer that is constantly immersed in a cloud for several months, creatin a unique environment wi ferns, mosses an parasitic plants growin on trees. As we reach ower 1,000 metres, frost is hintle mair common an the jungle stairts givin wey tae a temperate forest, an at heicher altitudes, snaw mey faw in the winter, an trees gie wey tae alpine meadaes.

The owerwhelmin majority o Salta's population (includin the caipital ceety) lives in the glens at altitudes atween 1,000 an 1,500 metres abuin sea level. The climate here is kent for bein pleasant an suitable for agricultur an human dounset: winters are mild durin the day (average o 19 °C, 66F, occasionally ower 25 °C or 77F, but whiles stayin belaw 5 °C, 41F), cauld at nicht (3 °C, or 37F, wi temperaturs belaw -5 °C (23F) aften recordit), an vera law precipitation fawin maistly as licht rain (awtho snaw is possible, but vera rare). Simmers are rainy an vera moderate, wi heichs o 28 °C (82F) an laws o 15 °C (59F), vera common thunnerstorms an intense solar radiation. Precipitation ranges frae 750 mm tae 1,000 mm.

Faur wast, the Altiplano is a plateau at 3,000 m tae 4,000 m abuin sea level. The climate is arid an cauld: heich temperaturs vara little (syne the wairmer saison is cloudy, an the ceulest is sunny), rangin frae 14 °C tae 21 °C (57F tae 70F), nicht temperaturs gang frae 6 °C (43F) in midsimmer tae -8 °C (18F) in midwinter, an extremes unner -15 °C (5F) micht be recordit. Aw rain faws exclusively in the simmer, wi values atween 200 mm an 400 mm in tot. Several salt flats exist in this aurie.

Feenally, the heichest peaks o the province reach ower 6,000 metres abuin sea level: thay are constantly snaw covered, an temperaturs rarely approach the 0 °C (32F) merk, wi constant heich winds, extreme aridity an heich solar radiation.

The main rivers o the province are the Pilcomayo, Bermejo an the Juramento, which later becomes the Salado River. Salta Province is locatit at a geologically active region, an suffers frae occasional yirdquauks. Fairly destructive wur the anes that occurred in 1692 an 1948.

Economy

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Salta's economy is relatively unnerdevelopit, yet diverse. Its economy in 2006 wis estimatit at US$5.1 billion (which shall be aroond US$8 billion in 2011, accordin tae Argentinae's economical growin), or, US$4,760 per caipita (aroond US$6,600 in 2011), 45% belaw the naitional average.[3]

Agricultur an its derivit industries are still an important activity in the province, addin ower 10% tae ootput. Tobacco, succar cane an viticultur are the maist important an produce maist o the exports frae the aurie. Ither crops maistly for local consumption are maize, beans, citrus, bananaes, an tomatoes. The succar cane is processed in plants in Salta afore it is sent tae the rest o Argentinae an ither kintras. The plant in San Martín de Tabacal is the maist important o thaim. The famous wines o the Valles Calchaquíes region near Cafayate are producit in numerous vinyairds o diverse sizes (mainly Torrontés, Malbec an Cabernet Sauvignon).

Gas an petroleum frae the Tartagal, Aguas Blancas, Madrejones an Campo Durán centres is transportit tae Buenos Aires an Rosario bi pipes. Campo Durán haes an ile refinery locatit in the province an aw. In aw, manufacturin plays a significant role in Salta, addin 20% tae the economy. Minin includes uranium at Iruya, La Poma an San Carlos.

American breeds o cattle are raised anerlie on the humid sub-tropical east, alang wi some sheep an gaits.

Tourism

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The Salta Province is hame tae a nummer o naitural, social an historic attractions.

The ceety o Salta "La Linda" ("The bonnie") is baith an important tourist destination, an the centre pynt for visitin the rest o the province. The ceety haulds different attractions; amang thaim are her colonial hooses an cathedral, an the Museo de Arqueología de Alta Montaña de Salta that haulds the 3 frozen Inca mummies foond at the 6,700 metres o the Llullaillaco volcano.

An aw frae Salta, the Tren a las Nubes crosses canyons an cliffs afore arrivin tae the 3,775 metres (12,500 feet) o San Antonio de los Cobres. The reid-rock formations o the Valles Calchaquíes an the wine-toun o Cafayate are the seicont maist visitit place in the province. Mony veesit the Cachi muntain an the veelages (sic as Payogasta) aroond it.

Thare are three naitional pairks in Salta: El Rey Naitional Pairk in the Yungas jungle, Baritú Naitional Pairk an Los Cardones National Park.

The Train tae the Clouds ane o the heichest railweys in the warld, takkin its wey athort the heich picks o the Cordillera de los Andes, surroondit bi strikin sceneries.[4]


Poleetical diveesion

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Valles Calchaquíes near Cafayate.
View o the Lerma an the ceety o Salta.

The province is dividit in 23 depairtments (Spaingie: departamentos). Depairtment (Caipital)

  1. Anta (Joaquín Víctor González)
  2. Cachi (Cachi)
  3. Cafayate (Cafayate)
  4. Capital (Salta)
  5. Cerrillos (Cerrillos)
  6. Chicoana (Chicoana)
  7. General Güemes (General Güemes)
  8. General San Martín (Tartagal)
  9. Guachipas (Guachipas)
  10. Iruya (Iruya)
  11. La Poma (La Poma)
  12. La Caldera (La Caldera)
  13. La Candelaria (La Candelaria)
  14. La Viña (La Viña)
  15. Los Andes (San Antonio de los Cobres)
  16. Metán (San José de Metán)
  17. Molinos (Molinos)
  18. Orán (San Ramón de la Nueva Orán)
  19. Rivadavia (Rivadavia)
  20. Rosario de la Frontera (Rosario de la Frontera)
  21. Rosario de Lerma (Rosario de Lerma)
  22. San Carlos (San Carlos)
  23. Santa Victoria (Santa Victoria)

See an aw

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References

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  1. ↑ Censo 2010 Argentina resultados provisionales: mapas Archived 2012-09-01 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ↑ Parker, William Belmont (1920). Argentines of today. Volume 5 of Hispanic Notes and Monographs. 2 (Digitized May 22, 2008 ed.). New York: The Hispanic Society of America. pp. 637–640.
  3. ↑ "I.A.D.E.R". Archived frae the original on 21 Februar 2013. Retrieved 26 Februar 2013.
  4. ↑ Train to the clouds - ARGENTINEAN NORTH Archived 2012-06-15 at the Wayback Machine

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