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The more choices people have, the more fatigued they become—this may explain why the outcomes achieved through active engagement on the internet cannot surpass those obtained through passive engagement with television.

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We sometimes use expressions like "overwhelmed by too much information." However, do people really become exhausted from an excess of information? For instance, viewers are exposed to a vast amount of visual and auditory information while watching television. Yet, few people feel fatigued simply from watching TV.

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On the other hand, what about the internet? It depends on how one uses it, but as we wander through the vast sea of information in search of answers or things we want to know, fatigue may gradually increase. The fatigue here refers not to eye strain but to mental exhaustion.

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In the world of the internet, you cannot move forward without actively selecting and filtering information; it requires proactive decision-making. On the other hand, television continues to stream information endlessly, regardless of our preferences. At least with current terrestrial broadcast, the only proactive choices viewers have are to change the channel or turn off the TV.

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Sure, there are plenty of times when we feel "fed up" watching TV. However, that feeling should be distinct from the "fatigue from too much information."

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In short, people don¡Çt get tired simply from an abundance of information. If we are merely receiving information passively, it isn¡Çt exhausting. When we complain of being "overwhelmed by information," we are actually tired from the active process of selecting and filtering that information. It could also be described as fatigue from "too many choices."

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This might be a major reason why the internet cannot surpass television. In moments when we want to relax, it¡Çs better to watch TV ¡Èpassively¡É rather than spending time ¡Èactively¡É on the internet.

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However, the rise and widespread use of social media may have changed the dynamics of the competition between the internet and television. For example, on Instagram, users cannot include hyperlinks in captions. On X (formerly Twitter), the length of posts is limited to 140 full-width characters or 280 half-width characters. By intentionally narrowing the scope of actions users can take, these platforms seem to reduce user fatigue.

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The internet originally gained appeal for its high degree of freedom compared to traditional media. However, by intentionally imposing restrictions, even users with limited internet knowledge can actively engage on social media, leading to its widespread flourishing like a blooming garden. Yet, moves to restrict social media are also underway. Australia has passed a bill prohibiting individuals under the age of 16 from participating in social media. Legal regulations have begun with age restrictions, and further controls are being implemented, such as AI detecting and flagging certain words as prohibited, preventing posts containing these terms.

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A symbolic example of social media surpassing traditional media like television and newspapers occurred recently when a governor accused of habitual harassment successfully leveraged social media to win reelection. Moving forward, the anti-establishment potential of social media is likely to be perceived as a threat by vested interests, leading to increasing suppression.

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