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Heinrich Himmler

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Heinrich Himmler
Reichsführer-SS
Dalam jawatan
6 January 1929 – 29 April 1945
KetuaAdolf Hitler
Didahului olehErhard Heiden
Digantikan olehKarl Hanke
Ketua Polis Negara
Dalam jawatan
17 Jun 1936 – 29 April 1945
KetuaAdolf Hitler
Didahului olehJawatan diwujudkan
Digantikan olehKarl Hanke
Pesuruhjaya Reich bagi Pengukuhan Bangsa Jerman
Dalam jawatan
7 Oktober 1939 – 29 April 1945
KetuaAdolf Hitler
Didahului olehJawatan diwujudkan
Digantikan olehtiada
Pengarah Jabatan Keselamatan Utama Reich (pemangku)
Dalam jawatan
4 Jun 1942 – 30 Januari 1943
Didahului olehReinhard Heydrich
Digantikan olehErnst Kaltenbrunner
Menteri Dalam Negeri Jerman
Dalam jawatan
24 Ogos 1943 – 29 April 1945
CanselorAdolf Hitler
Didahului olehWilhelm Frick
Digantikan olehWilhelm Stuckart
Maklumat peribadi
Lahir
Heinrich Luitpold Himmler

7 Oktober 1900
Munich, Negeri Bavaria, Empayar Jerman
Mati23 Mei 1945(1945-05-23) (umur 44)
Lüneburg, Lower Saxony, Jerman
Parti politikParti Buruh Jerman Sosialis Nasional (Parti Nazi)
PasanganMargarete Bode
AnakGudrun, Helge, Nanette Dorotha
Tempat belajarUniversiti Teknikal Munich
Bidang pengkhususanAhli Agronomi
KabinetKabinet Hitler
TandatanganTandatangan
Perkhidmatan tentera
KesetiaanEmpayar Jerman Empayar Jerman
Cabang/khidmatHeer
Tahun khidmat1917–1918
PangkatFahnenjunker
UnitRejimen Ke-11 Infantri Bavaria
Perang/PertempuranPerang Dunia I

Heinrich Luitpold Himmler (bahasa Jerman: [ˈhaɪnʁɪç ˈluˑɪtˌpɔlt ˈhɪmlɐ]  ( dengar); 7 October 1900 – 23 May 1945) ialah Ketua SS (Reichsfuhrer SS) keseluruhan Reich Ketiga. Himmler merupakan perancang utama bagi polisi penghapusan Nazi di Eropah dan tokoh kedua paling berkuasa bagi regim Nazi.

Anugerah kebesaran

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Lihat juga

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Bibliografi

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  • Biondi, Robert, penyunting (2000) [1942]. SS Officers List: (as of 30 January 1942): SS-Standartenfuhrer to SS-Oberstgruppenfuhrer: Assignments and Decorations of the Senior SS Officer Corps. Atglen, PA: Schiffer. ISBN 978-0-7643-1061-4.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Breitman, Richard (2004). Himmler and the Final Solution: The Architect of Genocide. London: Pimlico. ISBN 978-1-84413-089-4.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Bullock, Alan (1999) [1952]. Hitler: A Study in Tyranny. New York: Konecky & Konecky. ISBN 978-1-56852-036-0.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Cecil, Robert (1972). The Myth of the Master Race: Alfred Rosenberg and Nazi Ideology. New York: Dodd, Mead. ISBN 978-0-396-06577-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Cesarani, David (2004). Holocaust: From the Persecution of the Jews to Mass Murder. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-27511-8.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Duffy, Christopher (1991). Red Storm on the Reich: The Soviet March On Germany, 1945. New York: Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-80505-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Evans, Richard J. (2003). The Coming of the Third Reich. New York: Penguin Group. ISBN 978-0-14-303469-8.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Evans, Richard J. (2005). The Third Reich in Power. New York: Penguin Group. ISBN 978-0-14-303790-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Evans, Richard J. (2008). The Third Reich at War. New York: Penguin Group. ISBN 978-0-14-311671-4.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Flaherty, T. H. (2004) [1988]. The Third Reich: The SS. Time-Life Books, Inc. ISBN 1-84447-073-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Gerwarth, Robert (2011). Hitler's Hangman: The Life of Heydrich. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11575-8.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Gilbert, Martin (1987) [1985]. The Holocaust: A History of the Jews of Europe During the Second World War. New York: Holt. ISBN 978-0-8050-0348-2.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Goldhagen, Daniel (1996). Hitler's Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust. New York: Knopf. ISBN 978-0-679-44695-8.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Hillgruber, Andreas (1989). The Nazi Holocaust Part 3, The "Final Solution": The Implementation of Mass Murder, Volume 1. Westpoint, CT: Meckler. ISBN 978-0-88736-266-8.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Himmler, Katrin (2012). The Himmler Brothers. London: Pan Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-330-44814-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Internationaler Militärgerichtshof Nürnberg (IMT) (1989), Der Nürnberger Prozess gegen die Hauptkriegsverbrecher (dalam bahasa German), Band 29: Urkunden und anderes Beweismaterial, Nachdruck München: Delphin Verlag, ISBN 978-3-7735-2523-9CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  • Kershaw, Ian (2008). Hitler: A Biography. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0-393-06757-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Kohn-Bramstedt, Ernest (1998) [1945]. Dictatorship and Political Police: The Technique of Control by Fear. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-17542-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Kolb, Eberhard (2005) [1984]. The Weimar Republic. London; New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-34441-8.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Longerich, Peter (2012). Heinrich Himmler: A Life. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-959232-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Lukas, Richard C. (2001) [1994]. Did the Children Cry?: Hitler's War Against Jewish and Polish Children, 1939–1945. New York: Hippocrene. ISBN 978-0-7818-0870-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Lumsden, Robin (2002). A Collector's Guide To: The Allgemeine–SS. Hersham, Surrey: Ian Allan. ISBN 978-0-7110-2905-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Manvell, Roger; Fraenkel, Heinrich (2011) [1962]. Goering: The Rise and Fall of the Notorious Nazi Leader. London: Skyhorse. ISBN 978-1-61608-109-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Manvell, Roger; Fraenkel, Heinrich (2007) [1965]. Heinrich Himmler: The Sinister Life of the Head of the SS and Gestapo. London; New York: Greenhill; Skyhorse. ISBN 978-1-60239-178-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • McNab, Chris (2009). The SS: 1923–1945. London: Amber Books. ISBN 978-1-906626-49-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Nicholas, Lynn H. (2006) [2005]. Cruel World: The Children of Europe in the Nazi Web. New York: Vintage. ISBN 978-0-679-77663-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Overy, Richard (2004). The Dictators: Hitler's Germany, Stalin's Russia. New York: Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-02030-4.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Padfield, Peter (2001) [1990]. Himmler: Reichsführer-SS. London: Cassel & Co. ISBN 978-0-304-35839-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Penkower, Monty Noam (1988). The Jews Were Expendable: Free World Diplomacy and the Holocaust. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. ISBN 978-0-8143-1952-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Pringle, Heather (2006). The Master Plan: Himmler's Scholars and the Holocaust. New York: Hyperion. ISBN 978-0-7868-6886-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Sereny, Gitta (1996) [1995]. Albert Speer: His Battle With Truth. New York; Toronto: Random House. ISBN 978-0-679-76812-8.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Shirer, William L. (1960). The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-671-62420-0.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Speer, Albert (1971) [1969]. Inside the Third Reich. New York: Avon. ISBN 978-0-380-00071-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Toland, John (1977) [1976]. Adolf Hitler: The Definitive Biography. London: Book Club Associates.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Weale, Adrian (2010). The SS: A New History. London: Little, Brown. ISBN 978-1-4087-0304-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Williams, Max (2001). Reinhard Heydrich: The Biography: Volume 1. Church Stretton: Ulric. ISBN 978-0-9537577-5-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Yenne, Bill (2010). Hitler's Master of the Dark Arts: Himmler's Black Knights and the Occult Origins of the SS. Minneapolis: Zenith. ISBN 978-0-7603-3778-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Zentner, Christian; Bedürftig, Friedemann, penyunting (1991). The Encyclopedia of the Third Reich. Amy Hackett (trans.). New York: Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-02-897502-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)

Sumber Online

Bacaan lanjut

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Pautan luar

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Wikisource
Wikisource

Wikisource mempunyai karya asli yang dikarang oleh atau mengenai: Heinrich Himmler

Pejabat-pejabat kerajaan
Didahului oleh
Erhard Heiden 		Reichsführer-SS
1929–1945 		Diikuti oleh:
Karl Hanke
Jawatan politik
Didahului oleh
Wilhelm Frick 		Menteri Dalam Negeri Jerman
1943–1945 		Diikuti oleh:
Wilhelm Stuckart
Pegawai tentera
Didahului oleh
tiada 		Panglima Kumpulan Tentera Darat Upper Rhine (Oberrheine)
10 Disember 1944 – 24 Januari 1945 		Diikuti oleh:
tiada
Didahului oleh
tiada 		Panglima Kumpulan Tentera Darat Vistula
25 Januari 1945 – 13 Mac 1945 		Diikuti oleh:
Generaloberst Gotthard Heinrici
(20 Mac)
Anugerah dan pencapaian
Didahului oleh
Joseph Stalin 		Kulit Depan Majalah Time
12 Februari 1945 		Diikuti oleh:
William Hood Simpson
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