Paterson's curse (Echium plantagineum) is a broadleaved, herbaceous, winter annual which has been associated with many horse deaths over the years. It is native to the Mediterranean and Africa, but it found worldwide. It is listed as a noxious weed in all states of Australia, and described as invasive in South Africa, in the state of California in the United States, and countries of South America. E. plantagineum produces numerous seeds that can accumulate in the soil and remain dormant for several years. The root system usually consists of one taproot, or sometimes several taproots, branching freely into a network of finer roots.
Paterson's Curse Toxic Components
E. plantagineum contains over 10 types of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, particularly echiumine and echimidine, which are at higher levels in rosettes and vary in toxicity depending on the soil type, soil fertility and climate. These alkaloids can cause cumulative chronic liver damage, especially if substantial amounts are eaten over a prolonged period of time. E. plantagineum is usually unpalatable to horses, but they will eat it if there is little else to eat.
- Appetite Loss
- Depression
- Bloating
- Colic
- Jaundice
- Behavioral Changes
- Yawning
- Hepatotoxic Photosensitization
- Loss Of Condition
- Head Pressing
- Incoordination
- Aimlessly Wandering
- Death
PHYSICAL CONTROL: Slashing does not kill Paterson’s curse outright but can delay and suppress flowering. Slashing forces the plant to regrow, using up reserves stored in the root system and weakening the plant.Paterson’s curse needs to be slashed regularly (fortnightly or monthly) during flowering a
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