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Harsunan Totonac

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Harsunan Totonac
Linguistic classification
Glottolog toto1252[1]
Samfurin rubutun yaren
Harsunan Totonac

Totonac wani rukuni ne na yaren Totonacan na Mexico, wanda Mutanen Totonac ke magana a cikin jihohin tsakiya na Mexico. Harshen Mesoamerica ne kuma yana nuna yawancin halaye waɗanda ke bayyana Yankin Harshe na Mesoamurka. Tare [2] wasu harsuna 62 na asali, an san shi a matsayin harshen hukuma na Mexico, kodayake a matsayin yare ɗaya.

Mutanen Totonac 'yan asalin ƙasar ne a Totonacapan tare da Tekun Mexico . Tekun Mexico ya shimfiɗa daga iyakar Texas zuwa Yucatán Peninsula . Ya haɗa da mafi girman bambancin ƙasa a cikin ƙasar kuma ya ƙunshi nau'o'i masu yawa da kuma microhabitats. Mutanen Totonac suna raba yankinsu tare da Nahuwa, Otomí, da Tepehua (kada a rikita su da harshen Tepehuano), dukansu suna da al'ummomi a cikin yankin. Totonacapan tana gabashin tsakiyar Mexico tsakanin Puebla da Veracruz na yanzu. Mutanen Totonac sun yi ƙaura zuwa birane daban-daban kamar Veracruz, Puebla, da Mexico City. Ana kuma samun yawan mutanen Totonac a yankunan da aka mallaka na Uxpanapa a kudancin Veracruz da jihar Quintana Roo a gabashin Yucatán Peninsula. Toton suna zaune a cikin nau'ikan mahalli daban-daban guda biyu: tsaunuka masu sanyi da ruwan sama masu tsawo da kuma tsaunuka na bakin teku masu zafi.

Akwai wasu kafofin da ke da'awar cewa kalmar Totonac, kamar yadda mazauna suka bayyana, tana nufin "mutane da suka fito daga inda rana ta fito. " Sauran bayani game da kalmar sun ƙunshi ma'anoni masu banƙyama waɗanda ke nuna ƙarancin iyawa ko ikon fahimta. , akwai wasu fassarori na kalmar da ke nuna cewa Totonac ya ƙunshi bayanin cewa toto yana fassara zuwa "uku" yayin da naco ke fassara zuwa ""corazón" don ma'anar totonaco ta zama "zuciya uku".

[3] aka yi kwanan nan don rarraba harsunan Totonac ya raba Misantla daga babban rukuni na tsakiya, kuma ya kara raba wannan rukuni zuwa iyalan Arewa da Lowland-Sierra.

Misantla
Tsakiya
Arewa
Upper Necaxa
Tecpatlán
Zihuateutla
Dutsen Xinolatépetl
Apapantilla
Ƙananan Ƙasa
Filomeno Mata
Ƙananan Ƙasa
Sierro
Coatepec †
Coyutla
Huehuetla
Ozelonacaxtla
Olintla
Zapotitlán de Méndez
Biyuwa Alveolar Palatal Hanyar gefen Velar Rashin ƙarfi Gishiri
Dakatar da p t k q ʔ
Rashin lafiya ts
Fricative s ʃ ɬ h
Mai sautin m n j l w
  1. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/toto1252 |chapterurl= missing title (help). Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  2. Ley General de Derechos Lingüísticos de los Pueblos Indígenas ("General Law of the Linguistic Rights of Indigenous peoples"), decree published 13 March 2003
  3. Empty citation (help)