Some low-level examples of the Linux Netlink interface.

1. pair create a virtual ethernet pair
2. link_address create a pair and add an address
3. refactor rewrite link_address in a more concise manner
4. namespace new network namespace, code courtesy iproute2
5. pair_ns move the virtual peer into the network namespace
6. ns_addr add an address to a virtual peer in a namespace
7. ns_gw add a default route in the namespace and turn on the links
8. masquerade a libiptc example to add a masquerade route
9. forward a libiptc module to add forwarding rules
10. final Combine it all into a single binary

You're going to need a C compiler, GNU Make, and iptables-devel or iptables-dev in order to compile the final output.

The goal of this project is to recreate the following script:

#!/bin/bash

ip link add veth1 type veth peer name vpeer1

ip link set vpeer1 netns ns1

ip addr add 172.16.1.1/24 dev veth1
ip link set veth1 up

ip netns exec ns1 ip addr add 172.16.1.2/24 dev vpeer1
ip netns exec ns1 ip link set vpeer1 up
ip netns exec ns1 ip link set lo up

ip netns exec ns1 ip route add default via 172.16.1.1
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 172.16.1.0/255.255.255.0 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE

iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o veth1 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A FORWARD -o eth0 -i veth1 -j ACCEPT

I found the following list very helpful when putting together this project

• https://blogs.igalia.com/dpino/2016/04/10/network-namespaces/
• https://github.com/theodor96/iptc-dev
• https://github.com/kenshin54/crane
• https://strace.io/