Dynamics CRM JavaScript Web API Client

This is a framework for easing working with the Dynamics CRM WebApi using JavaScript. It uses the awesome BlueBird framework for handling requests asynchronously based on promises. The framework is supposed to be executed on CRM forms or on CRM web ressources, where the CRM context is available. In addition to that, usage for single page applications outside of CRM is also possible. For running from custom web resources, be sure that the GetGlobalContext function is available, as the client will try to retrieve the context on its own.

Index

Dynamics CRM JavaScript Web API Client

Requirements

CRM

This framework targets the Dynamics CRM WebApi, therefore CRM 2016 (>= v8.0) is needed.

Power Pages

Power Pages aka PowerApps portals are supported since v4.1.0.

To use this package on Power Pages, be sure to set the ClientUrl property once initially before issuing requests, like below:

WebApiClient.ClientUrl = "/_api/";

For TypeScript you currently have to use a workaround in v4.1.0, we're working on a fix:

(WebApiClient as any).ClientUrl = "/_api/";

For sending updates for Power Pages WebAPI, be sure to also set the CSRF token as default request header once initially:

const csrfToken = await shell.getTokenDeferred();

WebApiClient.AppendToDefaultHeaders ({ key: "__RequestVerificationToken", value: csrfToken });

await WebApiClient.Update({ entityName: "account", entityId: "c73d9add-dead-beef-babe-0022489a947a", entity: { name: "Update from WA" } })

Browser

Although using Promises, some legacy browsers are still supported, since bluebird is used as Promise polyfill. Bluebird is automatically included in the bundled release, no additional steps required. For a list of supported browsers, check the bluebird platform support.

How to obtain it

NPM

This framework is on npm as UMD, thanks to the standalone option of browserify.

The package name is xrm-webapi-client, check it out:

When using it in TypeScript, import it using this line: import * as WebApiClient from "xrm-webapi-client";

In your tsconfig.json, module should be es6 and moduleResolution should be node.

GitHub Release

You can always download the browserified version of this framework by downloading the release.zip file from the latest release.

How to build it

You'll have to install npm on your machine.

For bootstrapping, simply run npm install once initially. For every build, you can just call npm run build. You'll find the build output in the Publish directory.

Import

You can import this library inside your code like this:

import * as WebApiClient from "xrm-webapi-client";

Operations

Synchronous vs Asynchronous

Per default, all requests are sent asynchronously. This is the suggested way of sending requests, however, sometimes there is the need for using synchronous requests.

Be sure to avoid synchronous requests if it is possible and use asynchronous requests instead.

For sending requests synchronously, you can either set WebApiClient.Async to false, which will configure the WebApiClient to send all requests synchronously, or pass an async property in your request, like so:

var request = {
    entityName: "account",
    entity: {name: "Adventure Works"},
    async: false
};

try {
    var response = WebApiClient.Create(request);

    // Process response
}
catch (error) {
    // Handle error
}

Create

The client supports creation of records. You have to pass the entity logical name, and a data object:

var request = {
    entityName: "account",
    entity: {name: "Adventure Works"}
};

WebApiClient.Create(request)
    .then(function(response){
        // Process response
    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        // Handle error
    });

Return created record in create response

This feature is available from Dynamics365 v8.2 upwards. For returning the full record that was created from your request, set an appropriate Prefer header as follows:

var request = {
    entityName: "account",
    entity: {name: "Adventure Works"},
    headers: [{key: "Prefer", value: "return=representation"}]
};

WebApiClient.Create(request)
    .then(function(response){
        // Process response
    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        // Handle error
    });

Retrieve

The client supports retrieving of records by Id, by alternate key, fetchXml and query expressions. For retrieving by alternate key, pass an array of objects that each have a property and a value property. You have to pass at least the entity logical name. You can always pass query parameters which will be appended to your retrieve requests.

Retrieve single records

Retrieve by ID

var request = {
    entityName: "account",
    entityId: "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001"
};

WebApiClient.Retrieve(request)
    .then(function(response){
        // Process response
    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        // Handle error
    });

Retrieve by alternate key

var request = {
    entityName: "contact",
    alternateKey:
        [
            { property: "firstname", value: "Joe" },
            { property: "emailaddress1", value: "[email protected]"}
        ]
};

WebApiClient.Retrieve(request)
    .then(function(response){
        // Process response
    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        // Handle error
    });

Retrieve multiple records

Retrieve of multiple records uses paging. Per default you can set a page size on your requests, however this is limited to 5000 records. If you want to really retrieve all records, set WebApiClient.ReturnAllPages to true, as it is by default false, like this:

WebApiClient.ReturnAllPages = true;

By setting this to true, each retrieve multiple request will check for an @odata.nextLink property inside the response, call the next page and concatenate the results, until all records have been retrieved.

You can also pass this option per-request, like this:

var request = {
    entityName: "account",
    queryParams: "?$select=name,revenue,&$orderby=revenue asc,name desc&$filter=revenue ne null",
    returnAllPages: true
};

Retrieve by query expression

var request = {
    entityName: "account",
    queryParams: "?$select=name,revenue,&$orderby=revenue asc,name desc&$filter=revenue ne null"
};

WebApiClient.Retrieve(request)
    .then(function(response){
        // Process response
    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        // Handle error
    });

Retrieve by FetchXml

FetchXml requests have some special behaviour implemented. Short fetchXml will be sent as GET request using a fetchXml URL query parameter. There is however an URL length limit of 2048 chars, so large fetchXml requests would fail, since they exceed this limit. Since release v3.1.0, the request will automatically be sent as POST batch request, so that large fetchXml can be executed as well. You don't have to do anything for this to happen, the URL length is checked automatically before sending the request.

var request = {
    entityName: "account",
    fetchXml: "<fetch mapping='logical'>" +
                "<entity name='account'>" +
                    "<attribute name='accountid'/>" +
                    "<attribute name='name'/>" +
                "</entity>" +
              "</fetch>"
};

WebApiClient.Retrieve(request)
    .then(function(response){
        // Process response
    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        // Handle error
    });

Auto expand collection-valued navigation properties

When retrieving collection-valued navigation properties, the expand is being deferred, i.e. you don't retrieve immediate results, but a property ending in "@odata.nextLink" that contains an URL to the results for this expand. You can read more about this here. For easing to retrieve these, we can use the WebApiClient.Expand function. It takes an array of records and expands all properties, that end in "@odata.nextLink". You can additionally pass headers to the request, that will be appended to each retrieve request for properties.

WebApiClient.Retrieve({
    entityName: "account",
    queryParams: "?$expand=contact_customer_accounts"
})
.then(function(response){
    return WebApiClient.Expand({
        records: response.value
    });
})
.then(function(response){        
    // Process response
})
.catch(function(error) {
    // Handle error
});

Update

Update requests are supported. You have to pass the entity logical name, the ID of the record to update and an update object:

var request = {
    entityName: "account",
    entityId: "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001",
    entity: { name: "Contoso" }
};

WebApiClient.Update(request)
    .then(function(response){
        // Process response
    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        // Handle error
    });

Update by alternate key

var request = {
    entityName: "contact",
    alternateKey:
        [
            { property: "firstname", value: "Joe" },
            { property: "emailaddress1", value: "[email protected]"}
        ],
    entity: { lastname: "Doe" }
};

WebApiClient.Update(request)
    .then(function(response){
        // Process response
    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        // Handle error
    });

If you just issue update via alternate key without additional headers, it is always an upsert operation. If you only want to update records, you can send a header If-Match: *. To only create records, you can send a header If-None-Match: *. Read more about this in the official documentation.

Return updated record in update response

This feature is available from Dynamics365 v8.2 upwards. For returning the full record after applying the updates from your request, set an appropriate Prefer header as follows:

var request = {
    entityName: "account",
    entityId: "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001",
    entity: { name: "Contoso" },
    headers: [{key: "Prefer", value: "return=representation"}]
};

WebApiClient.Update(request)
    .then(function(response){
        // Process response
    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        // Handle error
    });

Clear Lookup value

If you're trying to clear a lookup value using an update with a null value, it might very well be, that it simply does nothing, or fails with an error such as Property _pub_field_value cannot be updated to null. The reference property can only be deleted. In this case, you can not use an update request for clearing the lookup.

Take a look at the delete single property section.

Delete

Delete requests are supported. You have to pass the entity logical name, and ID of the record to delete:

var request = {
    entityName: "account",
    entityId: "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001"
};

WebApiClient.Delete(request)
    .then(function(response){
        // Process response
    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        // Handle error
    });

Delete by alternate key

var request = {
    entityName: "contact",
    alternateKey:
        [
            { property: "firstname", value: "Joe" },
            { property: "emailaddress1", value: "[email protected]"}
        ]
};

WebApiClient.Delete(request)
    .then(function(response){
        // Process response
    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        // Handle error
    });

Delete single property

You can delete single properties by passing the field to clear as queryParams with a preceding slash, like "/telephone1". If it is a lookup, you'll have to prepend "/$ref", such as "/primarycontactid/$ref".

var request = {
    entityName: "account",
    entityId: "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001",
    queryParams: "/primarycontactid/$ref"
};

WebApiClient.Delete(request)
    .then(function(response){
        // Process response
    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        // Handle error
    });

Associate

Associate requests are supported. You have to pass the relationship name, a source and a target entity. This example associates an opportuntiy to an account:

var request = {
    relationShip: "opportunity_customer_accounts",
    source:
        {
            entityName: "opportunity",
            entityId: "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001"
        },
    target:
        {
            entityName: "account",
            entityId: "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000002"
        }
};

WebApiClient.Associate(request)
    .then(function(response){
        // Process response
    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        // Handle error
    });

Disassociate

Disassociate requests are supported. You have to pass the relationship name, a source and a target entity. This example disassociates an opportuntiy from an account:

var request = {
    relationShip: "opportunity_customer_accounts",
    source:
        {
            entityName: "opportunity",
            entityId: "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001"
        },
    target:
        {
            entityName: "account",
            entityId: "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000002"
        }
};

WebApiClient.Disassociate(request)
    .then(function(response){
        // Process response
    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        // Handle error
    });

Execute

There is support for executing actions / functions without having to use SendRequest. The WebApiClient has a function WebApiClient.Execute, which takes a request as parameter. Requests are objects that base on the WebApiClient.Requests.Request base request. When wanting to send an already implemented request using Execute, you can either use the blank request (such as the WhoAmIRequest, that does not need any parameters), or in case it needs parameters, extend an existing request.

Missing or custom action requests can be implemented as described here.

Check the wiki for a list of requests that are implemented in the current release and examples on how to send them!

No parameter request

The WhoAmI request does not need any parameters, therefore we can just pass the blank request:

var request = WebApiClient.Requests.WhoAmIRequest;

WebApiClient.Execute(request)
    .then(function(response){
        // Process response
    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        // Handle error
    });

Parametrized request

Most requests need further parameters for being sent. When needing to send those requests, start with the blank request and call the function "with" on it, passing the needed parameters as object to it. Your passed-in parameters override possibly existing parameters with the same name.

The following parameters are supported:

method - HTTP method for request (Required, but defined by request)
name - Name of the request as used for the URL (Required, but defined by request)
bound - Pass true if request is bound to a record, false if not. Has consequences for automatic URL building. By default false and defined by request.
entityName - Name of the request's target entity. Defined by request if always the same.
entityId - ID of the request's target record
payload - Object that is sent as payload for the request
headers - Headers that should be set on the request
urlParams - Any parameters that have to be embedded in the request URL, as described here. Pass an object with parameter names as keys and the corresponding values.

Sample request for AddToQueue:

var request = WebApiClient.Requests.AddToQueueRequest
    .with({
        entityId: "56ae8258-4878-e511-80d4-00155d2a68d1",
        payload: {
            Target: {
                activityid: "59ae8258-4878-e511-80d4-00155d2a68d1",
                "@odata.type": "Microsoft.Dynamics.CRM.letter"
            }
        }
    });

WebApiClient.Execute(request)
    .then(function(response){
        // Process response
    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        // Handle error
    });

Component Types

Sometimes you need to pass a "Component Type" parameter, especially with metadata requests. If you don't know the proper value, use this request to list all the available Component Types and their values in your org:

await WebApiClient.Retrieve({ overriddenSetName: "GlobalOptionSetDefinitions(Name='componenttype')" })

Send Batch

There is support for sending multiple requests as a batch. Batch requests can contain retrieve requests and change sets. Change sets can contain requests themselves, however they must not contain other change sets.

Requests directly attached to batch requests have to be GET requests, they must not be added to change sets, since those have to contain requests, that change data. Batch requests provide transactional functionality, so all operations contained in one change set will roll back, if any of them fails. You can read more about batch requests in general here. There is also a useful OData Reference covering this topic (albeit v3.0).

How to create batch requests

For creating requests for usage inside batches, you can either create a WebApiClient.BatchRequest object using its constructor, or easier, call one of the WebApiClient functions and pass asBatch: true as parameter.

All functions, such as CRUD, Execute and so on support this parameter. The only exception to it is the Expand function.

Below is an example for creating two tasks attached to an account in one change set, while returning the records created. Afterwards, the account they were attached to is returned:

WebApiClient.Create({entityName: "account", entity: { name: "Test" }})
    .then(function (account) {
        var accountId = account.substring(account.indexOf("(")).replace("(", "").replace(")","");

        var batch = new WebApiClient.Batch({
            changeSets: [
                new WebApiClient.ChangeSet({
                    requests: [
                        WebApiClient.Create({
                           entityName: "task",
                           entity: {
                             subject: "Task 1 in batch",
                             "[email protected]": "/accounts(" + accountId + ")"
                           },
                           headers: [{key: "Prefer", value:"return=representation"}],
                           asBatch: true
                        }),
                        WebApiClient.Create({
                           entityName: "task",
                           entity: {
                             subject: "Task 2 in batch",
                             "[email protected]": "/accounts(" + accountId + ")"
                           },
                           headers: [{key: "Prefer", value:"return=representation"}],
                           asBatch: true
                        })
                 ]
             })],
            requests: [
                WebApiClient.Retrieve({
                    entityName: "account",
                    entityId: accountId,
                    asBatch: true
                })
            ]
        });
        
        return WebApiClient.SendBatch(batch);
    })
    .then(function(result) {
        if(result.isFaulted) {
            console.log(result.errors);
        }
        
        // Logs BatchResponse with name, batchResponses array and changeSetResponses array
        console.log(result);
    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        // Handle network error or similar
    });

Note: Above code is only an example, you could also create your batch and change sets separately and add the change sets to batch.changeSets, requests inside the change sets to changeSet.requests and plain batch requests to batch.requests, which are all arrays.

Batch Responses

Calls to WebApiClient.SendBatch will return a BatchResponse. A batch response consist of an array batchResponses, that contains all responses for GET requests, that were directly attached to the batch and an array changeSetResponses, that contains one change set response for each change set that was sent. Each change set response contains its own responses array, with responses for each request inside the changset.

At the top level, each batch response also has a name, an isFaulted property that evaluates to true, if any of the requests failed and an errors array that contains all responses for failed requests.

The lowest level responses all contain a headers object, so you can access headers easier (e.g. headers["OData-EntityId"]), a payload object, a status (such as "200") and a contentId, if the requests inside the change set had one set.

Scheme of a batch response:

batchResponses (array)
- Response (WebApiClient.Response)
  - contentId (string)
  - headers (array of string * string)
  - payload (object)
  - status (string)
- ...
changeSetResponses (array)
- changeSetResponse (object)
  - name (string)
  - responses (array)
    - Response (WebApiClient.Response)
      - contentId (string)
      - headers (array of string * string)
      - payload (object)
      - status (string)
    - ...
errors (array of WebApiClient.Response)
isFaulted (bool)
name (string)

Request failures

If a request inside the batch requests or a change set fails, the batch response property isFaulted will have the value true. You can get a collection of all errors using the response property errors.

This is all inside the then handler, remember that you should still configure a catch handler, as this will be needed if a requests fails due to network errors or similar.

Configuration

When having to set multiple configuration settings for the WebApiClient, you can use the Configure function, which gets an object passed with keys and values, that get projected onto the WebApiClient:

WebApiClient.Configure({
    ApiVersion: "8.2",
    ReturnAllPages: true,
    PrettifyErrors: false
});

Errors

If errors occur during processing of requests, the WebAPI client by default throws an error with the text that follows this format: xhr.statusText: xhr.response.message, i.e. "Internal Server Error: The function parameter 'EntityMoniker' cannot be found.Parameter name: parameterName".

For returning the whole stringified JSON response including a custom xhrStatusText property, set

WebApiClient.PrettifyErrors = false;

Set Names

Set names are automatically generated according to WebApi rules and based on the entityName parameter in your request. However there are some set names, that are not generated according to naming rules, for example ContactLeads becomes contactleadscollection. For handling those corner cases, each request allows to pass an overriddenSetName instead of the entity name, so that you can directly pass those set names that break naming rules. This should happen very rarely. Example of passing overriddenSetName:

var request = {
    overriddenSetName: "contactleadscollection",
    entity: {name: "Contoso"}
};

WebApiClient.Create(request)
    .then(function(response){
        // Process response
    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        // Handle error
    });

Not yet implemented requests

If you need to use requests, that are not yet implemented (such as custom actions), you can create an executor for the missing request and append it to the WebApiClient.Requests object (if you want to reuse it). Be sure to create your missing request by calling Object.create on the base request object. This might look something like this:

WebApiClient.Requests.AddToQueueRequest = WebApiClient.Requests.Request.prototype.with({
    method: "POST",
    name: "AddToQueue",
    bound: true,
    entityName: "queue"
});

For further explanations regarding these requests, please check here. All requests should be implemented basically by now, in case of any errors in the implementations, you can override any property using the with function as described here.

Alternatively, you can use the WebApiClient.SendRequest function. In combination with WebApiClient.GetApiUrl and WebApiClient.GetSetName you can easily build up your request url, set your HTTP method and attach additional payload or headers.

An example of a custom implementation of the WinOpportunity request:

var url = WebApiClient.GetApiUrl() + "WinOpportunity";
var opportunityId = "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001";
var payload = {
    "Status": 3,
    "OpportunityClose": {
        "subject": "Won Opportunity",
        "[email protected]": "/" + WebApiClient.GetSetName("opportunity") + "(" + opportunityId + ")"
    }
};

WebApiClient.SendRequest("POST", url, payload)
    .then(function(response){
        // Process response
    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        // Handle error
    });

Promises

This client uses bluebird internally for handling promises in a cross-browser compliant way. Therefore the promises returned by all asynchronous requests are also bluebird promises. Bluebird itself is not exported globally anymore as of v3.0.0, but can be accessed by using WebApiClient.Promise. This decision was made for not causing issues with other scripts.

Using promises you can do something like this, too:

var requests = [];

for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    var request = {
        entityName: "account",
        entity: {name: "Adventure Works Nr. " + i}
    };
    requests.push(WebApiClient.Create(request));
}

WebApiClient.Promise.all(requests)
    .then(function(response){
        // Process response
    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        // Handle error
    });

External Access

External access to CRM, that is accessing CRM without being on a CRM form or having a ClientGlobalContext.aspx is supported. As OAuth is required for authenticating, only CRM online and CRM On-Premises with IFD and Azure AD are supported.

You'll have to register the WebApiClient as App in Azure AD, which is described in MSDN.

Single Page Application

There is support for using the client inside external single page applications.

There is a minimal working example in the sample folder.

Headers

There is a defined set of default headers, which are sent on each request, as well as per-request headers. Per-request headers override possibly existing default headers with the same key value.

Header Format

Headers are represented as objects containing a key and a value property:

var header = { key: "headerKey", value: "headerValue" };

Default Headers

By default there is a defined set of default headers, that will be sent with each request. The default headers can be retrieved using the WebApiClient.GetDefaultHeaders function. You can however add own default headers by using the WebApiClient.AppendToDefaultHeaders function, which takes as much headers as dynamic arguments as you like.

Example:

var header = {key: "newHeader", value: "newValue"};
WebApiClient.AppendToDefaultHeaders (header);

Request Headers

You can also attach headers per request, all request parameters have a headers property, that can be used for passing per-request headers.

This could look something like this:

// Parameters for create request
var request = {
    entityName: "account",
    entity: {name: "Adventure Works"},
    headers: [ { key: "headerKey", value: "headerValue" }]
};

Page size

If you want to set a max page size for your request (supported are up to 5000 records per page), you can pass the following header:

headers: [ { key: "Prefer", value: "odata.maxpagesize=5000" }]

API Version

The default API version is 8.0. You can however change it to 8.1 if needed by using

WebApiClient.ApiVersion = "8.1";

Remarks

CRM App

For using WebApiClient with the CRM App, you'll have to use the normal (= not uglified) version. When using uglified JS in the CRM App, you might receive invalid character errors. This is not only valid for the WebApiClient, but also for some other uglified code.

FAQ

Payloads

When sending data for entity records, there often arise questions, on how to pass specific values. Some attributes can be directly set, some need a special format for the Web API to recognize them.

Simple Attributes (Just use native values in payload):

Single Line of Text
Multiple Lines of Text
Number
Decimal
Float
Boolean
OptionSet (Just use the option set value)
DateTime

Complex Attributes:

Lookups: When setting lookups, you use the attribute logical name, followed by "@odata.bind". As value, you need to pass a special format of the id, which is "/entityListName(id)". So for setting the parent account of an account, the payload would look like this:

var update = {
 "[email protected]": "/accounts(4acc8857-fbb8-42d1-a5c5-24d83c9d1380)"
};

For getting the entity list name, you can use WebApiClient.GetSetName.

Special case: A special case are lookups, which target multiple entities, such as customer lookups or regarding object ids. Those apply the same rules as plain lookups, but in addition to that, the entity logical name of the target related entity is appended to the field name, preceeded by an underscore. For example to set the regardingobject of an appointment to our previous parent account, we would have to use the following payload:

var update = {
 "[email protected]": "/accounts(4acc8857-fbb8-42d1-a5c5-24d83c9d1380)"
};

Logical Names

Sometimes requests fail, due to the Web API not finding the attributes you included in your payload in the entity definition. Most often this is because you got the name wrong. For finding the proper names, you can head to Settings > Customizations > Developer Resources and click on the "Download OData Metadata" link. You will be provided with a XML file, which contains all entities that are exposed in the Web API, with their set names and all of their attributes.

Multiselect OptionSets

Multi Select option sets are typed as Edm.String instead of Edm.Int. You should not use "eq" for filtering on them, as this would fail if multiple options are selected.

Filtering on multi select option sets works as follows: ?$filter=Microsoft.Dynamics.CRM.ContainValues(PropertyName='oss_multiselect',PropertyValues=['0','1'])

or in fetchXML:

<filter>
  <condition attribute="oss_multiselect" condition="contain-values">
    <value>0</value>
    <value>1</value>
  </condition>
</filter>

there's similarly not-contain-values as well: ?$filter=Microsoft.Dynamics.CRM.DoesNotContainValues(PropertyName='oss_multiselect',PropertyValues=['0','1'])