zain

See also: Zain and zaïn

English

Etymology

Borrowed from French zain.

Noun

zain (plural zains)

1. (archaic) A horse of a dark colour with no lighter spots.
   • 1905, Sir William Ridgeway, The origin and influence of the thoroughbred horse:

     Azara estimates the proportion of bays amongst these horses to be about ninety to ten zains, that is, entirely dark-coloured without any white; and there is not one black in two thousand; pied and greys occur sometimes […]

Anagrams

• Nazi, azin, nazi, zina

Basque

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /s̻ai̯n/ [s̻ãĩ̯n]

• IPA^(key): (most dialects) /s̻ai̯n/ [s̻ãĩ̯n]
• IPA^(key): (Biscayan) /s̺ai̯n/ [s̺ãĩ̯n]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ai̯n
• Hyphenation: zain

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Alternative forms

• zan (Biscayan)

Noun

zain inan

1. vein

   Synonyms: zainurdin, bena

2. (colloquial) nerve

   Synonyms: zaintzuri, nerbio

3. (colloquial) tendon, sinew

   Synonyms: zurda, tendoi

4. artery

   Synonyms: zaingorri, arteria

5. varicose vein

   Synonym: barize

6. vigor, strength
7. (figuratively) root

   Synonyms: zuztar, erro

Declension

Declension of zain (inanimate, ending in consonant)

	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	zain	zaina	zainak
ergative	zainek	zainak	zainek
dative	zaini	zainari	zainei
genitive	zainen	zainaren	zainen
comitative	zainekin	zainarekin	zainekin
causative	zainengatik	zainarengatik	zainengatik
benefactive	zainentzat	zainarentzat	zainentzat
instrumental	zainez	zainaz	zainez
inessive	zainetan	zainean	zainetan
locative	zainetako	zaineko	zainetako
allative	zainetara	zainera	zainetara
terminative	zainetaraino	zaineraino	zainetaraino
directive	zainetarantz	zainerantz	zainetarantz
destinative	zainetarako	zainerako	zainetarako
ablative	zainetatik	zainetik	zainetatik
partitive	zainik	—	—
prolative	zaintzat	—	—

Derived terms

• zainar
• zainbelar
• zaineten
• zaingabetu
• zaingorri
• zaintsu
• zaintzuri
• zainurdin
• zainzuri

Etymology 2

From Proto-Basque *zani.

Alternative forms

• zan (Biscayan)

Noun

zain anim

1. guard, watchman
2. shepherd

   Synonym: artzain

Declension

Declension of zain (animate, ending in consonant)

	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	zain	zaina	zainak
ergative	zainek	zainak	zainek
dative	zaini	zainari	zainei
genitive	zainen	zainaren	zainen
comitative	zainekin	zainarekin	zainekin
causative	zainengatik	zainarengatik	zainengatik
benefactive	zainentzat	zainarentzat	zainentzat
instrumental	zainez	zainaz	zainez
inessive	zainengan	zainarengan	zainengan
locative	—	—	—
allative	zainengana	zainarengana	zainengana
terminative	zainenganaino	zainarenganaino	zainenganaino
directive	zainenganantz	zainarenganantz	zainenganantz
destinative	zainenganako	zainarenganako	zainenganako
ablative	zainengandik	zainarengandik	zainengandik
partitive	zainik	—	—
prolative	zaintzat	—	—

Derived terms

• abeltzain
• artzain
• ertzain
• Ertzaintza
• -zain
• zainaldi
• zaindari
• zaindaritza
• zaindu
• zaingela
• zainketa
• zainlari
• zainpe
• zaintza
• zaintzaile
• zaintzaletza

Etymology 3

Verb

zain

1. Third-person singular (hura), taking informal second-person singular feminine (hiri) as indirect object, present indicative form of izan.

Further reading

• “zain”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
• “zain”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Cimbrian

Alternative forms

• soi (Luserna)

Etymology

From Middle High German sein, sīn, from Old High German sīn, from Proto-West Germanic *sīn, from Proto-Germanic *sīnaz (“his, hers, its, their own”). Cognate with German sein.

Determiner

zain (plural zain, bon/dar zaindarn) (Sette Comuni)

1. his, her, its, their

   Dar zain zun machet in zòllander. ― His son is in the military.

   An tòchtar bon zaindarn ist an léeraren. ― Their daughter is a teacher.

2. his, hers, its, theirs

   De khua ist zain. ― The cow is hers.

Usage notes

The following rules apply to all Sette Comuni Cimbrian possessive determiners:

• They are inflected by number and gender in only exclamations (i.e. vocative case).
• Before nouns, they are inflected for number only and follow the corresponding definite article (a form of dar).
  • The plural ending is -en, or -∅ when the pronoun itself ends in -n.
• Predicatively, they are uninflected and the definite article is not used.
• Following bon (“of”) or dar (the only surviving trace of a genitive definite article; used for all numbers and genders) they end in -darn.

Inflection

Inflection of zaindar

masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
zaindar	zaina	zaines	zaine

These inflections are only used in exclamations.

See also

Possessive determiners

	singular	plural
1st person	main	ögnar
2nd person	dain	ôar
3rd person	zain

References

• “zain” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian zaino.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zɛ̃/

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

zain (feminine zaine, masculine plural zains, feminine plural zaines)

1. Having no white markings (of the coat of a horse, dog etc.)

Further reading

• “zain”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.