tovar

See also: Tovar

Czech

Alternative forms

• továr

Etymology

Borrowed from Slovak tovar, from Proto-Slavic *tovarъ. In Old Czech, only tovařiš, tovaryš attested. Other derivations (polotovar, továrna) appear since the National Revival.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtovar]

Noun

tovar m inan

1. product, commodity, goods

   Synonym: výrobek

Declension

Declension of tovar (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	tovar	tovary
genitive	tovaru	tovarů
dative	tovaru	tovarům
accusative	tovar	tovary
vocative	tovare	tovary
locative	tovaru	tovarech
instrumental	tovarem	tovary

Derived terms

• polotovar
• tovaryš
• továrna

Further reading

• “tovar”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “tovar”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “tovar”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tovarъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tǒʋar/

Noun

tòvar m (Cyrillic spelling то̀вар)

1. cargo, burden, load
2. (Chakavian) donkey
3. (derogatory, slur) a person from Dalmatia

Declension

Declension of tovar

	singular	plural
nominative	tovar	tovari
genitive	tovara	tovara
dative	tovaru	tovarima
accusative	tovara	tovare
vocative	tovare	tovari
locative	tovaru	tovarima
instrumental	tovarom	tovarima

Quotations

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:tovar.

Derived terms

• tovariti
• natovariti
• iztovariti
• utovariti
• pretovariti
• utovar

Further reading

• “tovar”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tovarъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtɔvar]

Noun

tovar m inan (relational adjective tovarový)

1. goods

Declension

Declension of tovar (pattern dub)

	singular	plural
nominative	tovar	tovary
genitive	tovaru	tovarov
dative	tovaru	tovarom
accusative	tovar	tovary
locative	tovare	tovaroch
instrumental	tovarom	tovarmi

Descendants

• → Czech: tovar

Further reading

• “tovar”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

Uzbek

Other scripts

Yangi Imlo
Cyrillic	товар‍
Latin	tovar‍
Perso-Arabic (Afghanistan)

Etymology

Inherited from Karakhanid تَڤَرْ (tavar, “property, wealth, cattle”), from Proto-Turkic *tabar. Related to but not from the orthographically and semantically identical Russian товар (tovar), which was a Turkic loan into Proto-Slavic.

cognates

Cognate with Old Uyghur tʾβʾr (tavar, “goods, livestock”), Uyghur تاۋار (tawar), Kazakh and Bashkir тауар (tawar), Azerbaijani and Turkish davar, and dialectal Turkish tavar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɒˈvaɾ/

• Hyphenation: to‧var

Noun

tovar (plural tovarlar)

1. good, commodity

Declension

Declension of tovar

	singular	plural
nominative	tovar	tovarlar
genitive	tovarning	tovarlarning
dative	tovarga	tovarlarga
definite accusative	tovarni	tovarlarni
locative	tovarda	tovarlarda
ablative	tovardan	tovarlardan
similative	tovardek	tovarlardek

Possessive forms of tovar

1st person singular
	singular	plural
nominative	tovarim	tovarlarim
genitive	tovarimning	tovarlarimning
dative	tovarimga	tovarlarimga
definite accusative	tovarimni	tovarlarimni
locative	tovarimda	tovarlarimda
ablative	tovarimdan	tovarlarimdan
similative	tovarimdek	tovarlarimdek
2nd person singular
	singular	plural
nominative	tovaring	tovarlaring
genitive	tovaringning	tovarlaringning
dative	tovaringga	tovarlaringga
definite accusative	tovaringni	tovarlaringni
locative	tovaringda	tovarlaringda
ablative	tovaringdan	tovarlaringdan
similative	tovaringdek	tovarlaringdek
3rd person singular
	singular	plural
nominative	tovari	tovarlari
genitive	tovarining	tovarlarining
dative	tovariga	tovarlariga
definite accusative	tovarini	tovarlarini
locative	tovarida	tovarlarida
ablative	tovaridan	tovarlaridan
similative	tovaridek	tovarlaridek
1st person plural
	singular	plural
nominative	tovarimiz	tovarlarimiz
genitive	tovarimizning	tovarlarimizning
dative	tovarimizga	tovarlarimizga
definite accusative	tovarimizni	tovarlarimizni
locative	tovarimizda	tovarlarimizda
ablative	tovarimizdan	tovarlarimizdan
similative	tovarimizdek	tovarlarimizdek
2nd person plural
	singular	plural
nominative	tovaringiz	tovarlaringiz
genitive	tovaringizning	tovarlaringizning
dative	tovaringizga	tovarlaringizga
definite accusative	tovaringizni	tovarlaringizni
locative	tovaringizda	tovarlaringizda
ablative	tovaringizdan	tovarlaringizdan
similative	tovaringizdek	tovarlaringizdek
3rd person plural
	singular	plural
nominative	tovari	tovarlari
genitive	tovarining	tovarlarining
dative	tovariga	tovarlariga
definite accusative	tovarini	tovarlarini
locative	tovarida	tovarlarida
ablative	tovaridan	tovarlaridan
similative	tovaridek	tovarlaridek