tidak

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay tidak, from Classical Malay تيدق (tidak), from Old Malay tīda, from Proto-Malayic *daʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *diaq. Cognate with tak.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈti.dak/, [ˈtidaʔ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Adverb

tidak

1. not (negates meaning of verb)

   Saya tidak mau makan.

   I don't want to eat.

2. not (To no degree)

   Buku itu tidak mahal.

   That book is not expensive.

Usage notes

Tidak is used to negate verbs and adjectives. For negating nouns and adverbs the word bukan must be used. This adverb also has the short form tak.

Synonyms

• enggak
• gak (colloquial)

Derived terms

• setidaknya
• tak ada
• tiada
• tidak ada

 

Further reading

• “tidak” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *daʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *diaq. Cognate with tak, dak.

First attested in the Telaga Batu inscription, 683 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (tīda).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tidak/, [tidaʔ]
• Rhymes: -idaʔ, -daʔ, -aʔ

Adverb

tidak (Jawi spelling تيدق)

1. not (negates meaning of verb)

   Saya tidak mahu makan.

   I don't want to eat.

2. not (To no degree)

   Buku itu tidak mahal.

   That book is not expensive.

Usage notes

Tidak is used to negate verbs and adjectives. For negating nouns the word bukan must be used.

Synonyms

• tak, tadak, ndak (Pontianak), endah (Sarawak)

Derived terms

• tidak ada / tak ada / tiada

See also

• bukan

Further reading

• “tidak” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.