roncar

See also: ronçar

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Old Catalan roncar, from Latin rhonchāre, a verb based on rhonchus, borrowed from Ancient Greek ῥόγχος (rhónkhos, “snoring”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [ruŋˈka]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [roŋˈka]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [roŋˈkaɾ]

Verb

roncar (first-person singular present ronco, first-person singular preterite ronquí, past participle roncat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /o/

1. to snore
2. to purr

   Synonym: ronronejar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of roncar (first conjugation, c-qu alternation)

infinitive			roncar
gerund			roncant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		roncat		roncada
		plural		roncats		roncades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	ronco	ronques	ronca	ronquem	ronqueu	ronquen
	imperfect	roncava	roncaves	roncava	roncàvem	roncàveu	roncaven
	future	roncaré	roncaràs	roncarà	roncarem	roncareu	roncaran
	preterite	ronquí	roncares	roncà	roncàrem	roncàreu	roncaren
	conditional	roncaria	roncaries	roncaria	roncaríem	roncaríeu	roncarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	ronqui	ronquis	ronqui	ronquem	ronqueu	ronquin
	imperfect	ronqués	ronquessis	ronqués	ronquéssim	ronquéssiu	ronquessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	ronca	ronqui	ronquem	ronqueu	ronquin
	negative (no)	—	no ronquis	no ronqui	no ronquem	no ronqueu	no ronquin

Derived terms

• ronc
• roncadell
• roncadera
• roncadissa
• roncador
• roncor

 

References

• “roncar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “roncar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin rhonchāre, from rhonchus, from Ancient Greek ῥόγχος (rhónkhos, “snoring”).

Verb

roncar (first-person singular present ronco, first-person singular preterite ronquei, past participle roncado)

1. to snore
2. to roar

   Synonym: bruar

3. to grunt

   Synonyms: gruñir, roñar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of roncar (c-qu alternation)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	roncar
Personal	roncar	roncares	roncar	roncarmos	roncardes	roncaren
Gerund
	roncando
Past participle
Masculine	roncado			roncados
Feminine	roncada			roncadas
Indicative
Present	ronco	roncas	ronca	roncamos	roncades	roncan
Imperfect	roncaba	roncabas	roncaba	roncabamos	roncabades	roncaban
Preterite	ronquei	roncaches	roncou	roncamos	roncastes	roncaron
Pluperfect	roncara	roncaras	roncara	roncaramos	roncarades	roncaran
Future	roncarei	roncarás	roncará	roncaremos	roncaredes	roncarán
Conditional	roncaría	roncarías	roncaría	roncariamos	roncariades	roncarían
Subjunctive
Present	ronque	ronques	ronque	ronquemos	ronquedes	ronquen
Imperfect	roncase	roncases	roncase	roncásemos	roncásedes	roncasen
Future	roncar	roncares	roncar	roncarmos	roncardes	roncaren
Imperative
Affirmative		ronca	ronque	ronquemos	roncade	ronquen
Negative (non)		non ronques	non ronque	non ronquemos	non ronquedes	non ronquen

    Reintegrated conjugation of roncar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	roncar
Personal	roncar	roncares	roncar	roncarmos	roncardes	roncarem
Gerund
	roncando
Past participle
Masculine	roncado			roncados
Feminine	roncada			roncadas
Indicative
Present	ronco	roncas	ronca	roncamos	roncades, roncais	roncam
Imperfect	roncava	roncavas	roncava	roncávamos	roncávades, roncáveis, roncávais1	roncavam
Preterite	ronquei	roncaste, roncache1	roncou	roncamos	roncastes	roncárom, roncaram
Pluperfect	roncara	roncaras	roncara	roncáramos	roncárades, roncáreis, roncárais1	roncaram
Future	roncarei	roncarás	roncará	roncaremos	roncaredes, roncareis	roncarám, roncarão
Conditional	roncaria	roncarias	roncaria	roncaríamos	roncaríades, roncaríeis, roncaríais1	roncariam
Subjunctive
Present	ronque	ronques	ronque	ronquemos	ronquedes, ronqueis	ronquem
Imperfect	roncasse	roncasses	roncasse	roncássemos	roncássedes, roncásseis	roncassem
Future	roncar	roncares	roncar	roncarmos	roncardes	roncarem
Imperative
Affirmative		ronca	ronque	ronquemos	roncade, roncai	ronquem
Negative (nom)		nom ronques	nom ronque	nom ronquemos	nom ronquedes, nom ronqueis	nom ronquem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• ronco
• roncón

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “rronco”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “rronco”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “roncar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “roncar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “roncar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “roncar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “roncar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan roncar, from Latin rhonchāre, a verb based on rhonchus, borrowed from Ancient Greek ῥόγχος (rhónkhos, “snoring”).

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

roncar (Languedoc, Limousin)

1. to snore

   Synonym: ronflar

Further reading

• Yves Lavalade, Dictionnaire d'usage occitan/français - Limousin, Marche, Périgord, Institut d'Estudis Occitans dau Lemosin, 2010, →ISBN; page 500
• Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2024, page 572.

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese roncar, from Latin rhonchāre, from rhonchus, from Ancient Greek ῥόγχος (rhónkhos, “snoring”), of imitative origin.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁõˈka(ʁ)/ [hõˈka(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁõˈka(ʁ)/ [hõˈka(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ʁõˈka(ɾ)/ [hõˈka(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ʁõˈka(ʁ)/ [χõˈka(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁõˈka(ɻ)/ [hõˈka(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁõˈkaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁõˈkaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁõˈka.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: ron‧car

Verb

roncar (first-person singular present ronco, first-person singular preterite ronquei, past participle roncado)

1. to snore (to breathe during sleep with harsh noises)

   Synonym: ressonar

2. to make harsh noises (such as the sound of a car’s engine)
3. to rumble (to make a low pitched noise)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of roncar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	roncar
Personal	roncar	roncares	roncar	roncarmos	roncardes	roncarem
Gerund
	roncando
Past participle
Masculine	roncado			roncados
Feminine	roncada			roncadas
Indicative
Present	ronco	roncas	ronca	roncamos	roncais	roncam
Imperfect	roncava	roncavas	roncava	roncávamos	roncáveis	roncavam
Preterite	ronquei	roncaste	roncou	roncamos1, roncámos2	roncastes	roncaram
Pluperfect	roncara	roncaras	roncara	roncáramos	roncáreis	roncaram
Future	roncarei	roncarás	roncará	roncaremos	roncareis	roncarão
Conditional	roncaria	roncarias	roncaria	roncaríamos	roncaríeis	roncariam
Subjunctive
Present	ronque	ronques	ronque	ronquemos	ronqueis	ronquem
Imperfect	roncasse	roncasses	roncasse	roncássemos	roncásseis	roncassem
Future	roncar	roncares	roncar	roncarmos	roncardes	roncarem
Imperative
Affirmative		ronca	ronque	ronquemos	roncai	ronquem
Negative (não)		não ronques	não ronque	não ronquemos	não ronqueis	não ronquem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Related terms

• ronca
• roncada
• roncador
• roncadouro
• roncadura
• roncante
• roncão
• roncaria
• ronco

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish roncar, inherited from Latin rhonchāre, a verb based on rhonchus, borrowed from Ancient Greek ῥόγχος (rhónkhos, “snoring”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ronˈkaɾ/ [rõŋˈkaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: ron‧car

Verb

roncar (first-person singular present ronco, first-person singular preterite ronqué, past participle roncado)

1. to snore

Conjugation

    Conjugation of roncar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			roncar
gerund			roncando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		roncado		roncada
		plural		roncados		roncadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	ronco	roncastú roncásvos	ronca	roncamos	roncáis	roncan
	imperfect	roncaba	roncabas	roncaba	roncábamos	roncabais	roncaban
	preterite	ronqué	roncaste	roncó	roncamos	roncasteis	roncaron
	future	roncaré	roncarás	roncará	roncaremos	roncaréis	roncarán
	conditional	roncaría	roncarías	roncaría	roncaríamos	roncaríais	roncarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	ronque	ronquestú ronquésvos2	ronque	ronquemos	ronquéis	ronquen
	imperfect (ra)	roncara	roncaras	roncara	roncáramos	roncarais	roncaran
	imperfect (se)	roncase	roncases	roncase	roncásemos	roncaseis	roncasen
	future1	roncare	roncares	roncare	roncáremos	roncareis	roncaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		roncatú roncávos	ronque	ronquemos	roncad	ronquen
	negative		no ronques	no ronque	no ronquemos	no ronquéis	no ronquen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Related terms

• ronca
• roncador
• roncamente
• ronco
• ronquido
• ronquío

 

Further reading

• “roncar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28