odi
Catalan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Latin odium. Doublet of oi.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]odi m (plural odis)
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “odi” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
- “odi”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “odi” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Italian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]odi m pl
Noun
[edit]odi f pl
Verb
[edit]odi
- inflection of udire:
Verb
[edit]odi
- inflection of odiare:
Anagrams
[edit]Latin
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- (present tense) odiō, (perfect tense) ōdīvī (post-classical)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *h₃e-h₃ód-e ~ h₃e-h₃d-ḗr, reduplicated perfect from the root *h₃ed- (“to hate; to start hating?”).[1][2]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈoː.diː/, [ˈoːd̪iː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈo.di/, [ˈɔːd̪i]
Verb
[edit]ōdī (present infinitive ōdisse, future participle ōsūrus); fourth conjugation, perfect forms have present meaning, no supine stem except in the future active participle
- to have an aversion towards, to hate, dislike
- 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Exodus.20.5:
- Nōn adōrābis ea, neque colēs: ego sum Dominus Deus tuus fortis, zēlōtēs, vīsitāns inīquitātem patrum in fīliōs, in tertiam et quārtam generātiōnem eōrum quī ōdērunt mē.
- Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me.
- Nōn adōrābis ea, neque colēs: ego sum Dominus Deus tuus fortis, zēlōtēs, vīsitāns inīquitātem patrum in fīliōs, in tertiam et quārtam generātiōnem eōrum quī ōdērunt mē.
- (with infinitive) to feel reluctant to, to hate to, to be loath to
Usage notes
[edit]Irregular for historical reasons as well as to avoid near-homophony (especially for non-urban speakers) with forms of audeō and audiō:
- Used to express a stative meaning, inheriting the Proto-Indo-European usage. As a result, no usual aspectual distinction (imperfect-perfect) is possible.
- The perfect tense expresses a present stative meaning. The pluperfect expresses a past stative meaning.
- Perōsus and exōsus are used in place of present active participles; ōsus is archaic in this function.
- To express the passive meaning, various expressions with odium are mainly used.
The form odīvī, classically a solecism, is attested already by the end of the Republic in the past aoristic function; in Late Latin, the imperfect odiō becomes common (see it for details), supplementing ōdī in the present, while perōsus and exōsus acquire the passive meaning.
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of ōdī (fourth conjugation, no present stem, no supine stem except in the future active participle, active only, perfect forms as present, pluperfect as imperfect, future perfect as future) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | ōdī | ōdistī | ōdit | ōdimus | ōdistis | ōdērunt, ōdēre |
imperfect | ōderam | ōderās | ōderat | ōderāmus | ōderātis | ōderant | |
future | ōderō | ōderis | ōderit | ōderimus | ōderitis | ōderint | |
subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | ōderim | ōderīs | ōderit | ōderīmus | ōderītis | ōderint |
imperfect | ōdissem | ōdissēs | ōdisset | ōdissēmus | ōdissētis | ōdissent | |
non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
infinitives | ōdisse | — | ōsūrum esse | — | — | — | |
participles | — | — | ōsūrus | — | — | — |
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “odī”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 425
- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₃ed-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 296
- “ōdī” on page 1364 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
- Landgraf, Gustav (1884) “Das Defektivum 'odi' und sein Ersatz”, in Archiv für lateinische Lexicographie und Grammatik mit Einschluss des älteren Mittellateins[1]
Further reading
[edit]- “odi”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “odi”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- odi in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Latvian
[edit]Noun
[edit]odi m
Verb
[edit]odi
Lombard
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]odi
Old High German
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *auþī, from Proto-Germanic *auþijaz.
Adjective
[edit]ōdi
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *auþī, from Proto-Germanic *auþuz.
Adjective
[edit]ōdi
Derived terms
[edit]- ōdlīhho (“easily”)
Sranan Tongo
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]odi
Interjection
[edit]odi
- greetings, good day
- ca. 1765, Pieter van Dyk, Nieuwe en nooit bevoorens geziene Onderwyzinge in het Bastert, of Neeger Engels, zoo als het zelve in de Hollandsze Colonien gebruikt word [New and unprecedented instruction in Bastard or Negro English, as it is used in the Dutch colonies][2], Frankfurt/Madrid: Iberoamericana, retrieved 20 March 2021:
- Odi mijn heer hoe fa joe tan gran tanki fo myn heer a komi ja fo loeke da pranasie wan trom.
- Good day, Sir, how are you? Many thanks to Sir, (that) he has come here to look at the plantation on this occasion.
Derived terms
[edit]Volapük
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]odi
- accusative singular of od
Welsh
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pet-.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈɔdɪ/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈoːdi/, /ˈɔdi/
- Rhymes: -ɔdɪ
Verb
[edit]odi (first-person singular present odaf)
Conjugation
[edit]singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | odaf | odi | od, oda | odwn | odwch | odant | odir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
odwn | odit | odai | odem | odech | odent | odid | |
preterite | odais | odaist | ododd | odasom | odasoch | odasant | odwyd | |
pluperfect | odaswn | odasit | odasai | odasem | odasech | odasent | odasid, odesid | |
present subjunctive | odwyf | odych | odo | odom | odoch | odont | oder | |
imperative | — | od, oda | oded | odwn | odwch | odent | oder | |
verbal noun | odi | |||||||
verbal adjectives | odedig odadwy |
Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |
future | oda i, odaf i | odi di | odith o/e/hi, odiff e/hi | odwn ni | odwch chi | odan nhw |
conditional | odwn i, odswn i | odet ti, odset ti | odai fo/fe/hi, odsai fo/fe/hi | oden ni, odsen ni | odech chi, odsech chi | oden nhw, odsen nhw |
preterite | odais i, odes i | odaist ti, odest ti | ododd o/e/hi | odon ni | odoch chi | odon nhw |
imperative | — | oda | — | — | odwch | — |
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. |
Mutation
[edit]radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
---|---|---|---|
odi | unchanged | unchanged | hodi |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
[edit]- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “odi”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Yoruba
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From ò- (“nominalizing prefix”) + dì (“to block”)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]òdì
- opposite or converse of something; negative
- antonym
- antithesis
- wrong side, deviance, aberration
- Synonym: òdìkejì
- O ti wọ òdì aṣọ. ― You've worn your clothes inside out.
Derived terms
[edit]- òdìkejì (“opposite side”)
- ìṣòdì àìgbéléwọ̀n (“complementarity”)
- ṣòdì (“to be wrong”)
- òdì àgbéléwọ̀n (“antonymy”)
Etymology 2
[edit]From o- (“nominalizing prefix”) + dì (“to block”)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]odì
Derived terms
[edit]- dóòdì (“to be taboo”)
Etymology 3
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]odì
- (Ijebu, historical) class of royal messengers
- Synonym: ẹmẹsẹ̀
Etymology 4
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]òdí
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 5
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]odi
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Etymology 6
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]odi
Etymology 7
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]odi
- Catalan terms borrowed from Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Latin
- Catalan doublets
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan terms with audio pronunciation
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan nouns
- Catalan countable nouns
- Catalan masculine nouns
- Italian 2-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/ɔdi
- Rhymes:Italian/ɔdi/2 syllables
- Italian non-lemma forms
- Italian noun forms
- Italian verb forms
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃ed- (hate)
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin verbs
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin fourth conjugation verbs
- Latin fourth conjugation verbs with missing supine stem except in the future active participle
- Latin fourth conjugation verbs with irregular perfect
- Latin verbs with missing supine stem except in the future active participle
- Latin defective verbs
- Latin active-only verbs
- Latin verbs with missing present stem
- Latin verbs with perfect forms having imperfective meanings
- Latin irregular verbs
- Latvian non-lemma forms
- Latvian noun forms
- Latvian verb forms
- Lombard terms inherited from Latin
- Lombard terms derived from Latin
- Lombard lemmas
- Lombard nouns
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old High German lemmas
- Old High German adjectives
- Sranan Tongo terms borrowed from English
- Sranan Tongo terms derived from English
- Sranan Tongo lemmas
- Sranan Tongo nouns
- Sranan Tongo interjections
- Sranan Tongo terms with quotations
- Volapük non-lemma forms
- Volapük pronoun forms
- Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Welsh/ɔdɪ
- Rhymes:Welsh/ɔdɪ/2 syllables
- Welsh lemmas
- Welsh verbs
- Welsh literary terms
- Yoruba terms prefixed with o- (nominalizing prefix)
- Yoruba terms with IPA pronunciation
- Yoruba lemmas
- Yoruba nouns
- Yoruba terms with usage examples
- Ijẹbu Yoruba
- Yoruba terms with historical senses
- yo:People
- yo:Architecture