esküszik
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Hungarian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From the verb esik + -szik. [1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]esküszik
- (intransitive) to swear (to take an oath; on/by someone or something: -ra/-re)
- (intransitive, informal) to wed, marry, get married
- Synonyms: házasodik, házasságot köt
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of esküszik
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | esküszöm or esküdök |
esküszöl or esküdsz |
esküszik | esküszünk or esküdünk |
esküsztök or esküdtök |
esküsznek or esküdnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | esküdtem | esküdtél | esküdött | esküdtünk | esküdtetek | esküdtek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. esküdni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | esküdék or esküvék or esküdém or esküvém |
esküdél or esküvél | esküde or esküve or esküdék or esküvék |
esküdénk or esküvénk | esküdétek or esküvétek | esküdének or esküvének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. esküszik vala, esküdött vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | esküdendek (or esküdendem) |
esküdendesz | esküdend (or esküdendik*) |
esküdendünk | esküdendetek | esküdendenek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | esküdnék (or esküdném) |
esküdnél | esküdne (or esküdnék*) |
esküdnénk | esküdnétek | esküdnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. esküdött volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | esküdjek or esküdjem |
esküdj or esküdjél |
esküdjön or esküdjék |
esküdjünk | esküdjetek | esküdjenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. esküdött légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | esküdni | esküdnöm | esküdnöd | esküdnie | esküdnünk | esküdnötök | esküdniük | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| esküvés | esküdő or esküvő | esküdött | esküdendő or esküvendő or eskvendő |
esküdve (esküdvén) | esket | ||||
potential conjugation of esküszik
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | esküdhetek (or esküdhetem) |
esküdhetsz (or esküdhetel) |
esküdhet (or esküdhetik) |
esküdhetünk | esküdhettek | esküdhetnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | esküdhettem | esküdhettél | esküdhetett | esküdhettünk | esküdhettetek | esküdhettek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | esküdheték or esküdhetém |
esküdhetél | esküdhete or esküdheték |
esküdheténk | esküdhetétek | esküdhetének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. esküdhet vala, esküdhetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | esküdhetnék (or esküdhetném) |
esküdhetnél | esküdhetne (or esküdhetnék*) |
esküdhetnénk | esküdhetnétek | esküdhetnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. esküdhetett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | esküdhessek (or esküdhessem) |
esküdhess or esküdhessél |
esküdhessen (or esküdhessék) |
esküdhessünk | esküdhessetek | esküdhessenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. esküdhetett légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (esküdhetni) | (esküdhetnem) | (esküdhetned) | (esküdhetnie) | (esküdhetnünk) | (esküdhetnetek) | (esküdhetniük) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (esküdhetve / esküdhetvén) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit](With verbal prefixes):
References
[edit]- ^ esküszik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
[edit]- esküszik in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- esküszik in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).