enfraquecer
Galician
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Galician-Portuguese enfraquecer (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from en- + fraco + -ecer.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]enfraquecer (first-person singular present enfraquezo, first-person singular preterite enfraquecín, past participle enfraquecido)
enfraquecer (first-person singular present enfraqueço, first-person singular preterite enfraquecim or enfraqueci, past participle enfraquecido, reintegrationist norm)
- (transitive) to weaken (make weaker)
- Synonym: debilitar
- (intransitive) to weaken (become weaker); to faint
- Synonyms: desfalecer, desmaiar, esmorecer
- 1409, José Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 97:
- se o Cauallo for groso et de ydade conprida dalle llogo a beber aa sa uontade primeiramente, et depois sangrao danbas llas ueeas das trincheiras et outrosy danbas llas ueeas das coixas en que a sangrya soen a fazer et saqenlle moito sange ataa que semelle que enfraqueçe
- if the horse is big and older, let him drink as much as he wants first, and then bleed him in both veins of the temples and also in both veins of the thighs, where they use to do the bloodlettings, and bleed him till that he seems to faint
- 1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:
- Ay Jesús! miña Joiña!
non falemos nesto mais,
que dá grima sò o pensalo,
Deus vos garde bo é san.
Santiago. Febreiro doce
Aÿ! que non sey que me dà,
que me esfraquezo de todo,
è non podo vafexàr.- Oh, Jesus! My Jewel!
Let's not talk about this anymore
because it brings creeps just to think about it.
God take care of you, safe and sound.
Santiago, February twelve
Oh! I don't know what happens to me
I'm losing all of my strength
and I can't breathe
- Oh, Jesus! My Jewel!
- (intransitive) to lose weight
Conjugation
[edit]1Less recommended.
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “enfraquecer”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “enfraq”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “enfraquecer”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “enfraquecer”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “enfraquecer”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Old Galician-Portuguese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From en- + fraco (“weak”) + -ecer.
Verb
[edit]enfraquecer
- (intransitive) to weaken (become weaker)
Descendants
[edit]- Galician: enfraquecer
- Portuguese: enfraquecer
Further reading
[edit]Portuguese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese enfraquecer. Compare Galician enfraquecer and Spanish enflaquecer. By surface analysis, en- + fraco (“weak”) + -ecer.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Brazil) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.fɾa.keˈse(ʁ)/ [ẽ.fɾa.keˈse(h)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.fɾa.keˈse(ʁ)/ [ĩ.fɾa.keˈse(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.fɾa.keˈse(ɾ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.fɾa.keˈse(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.fɾa.keˈse(ʁ)/ [ẽ.fɾa.keˈse(χ)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.fɾa.keˈse(ʁ)/ [ĩ.fɾa.keˈse(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.fɾa.keˈse(ɻ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.fɾa.keˈse(ɻ)/
Verb
[edit]enfraquecer (first-person singular present enfraqueço, first-person singular preterite enfraqueci, past participle enfraquecido)
- (transitive) to weaken (make weaker)
- Synonym: debilitar
- (intransitive) to weaken (become weaker)
- Synonym: desfalecer
Conjugation
[edit]Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Galician terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms prefixed with en-
- Galician terms suffixed with -ecer
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Galician lemmas
- Galician verbs
- Galician verbs ending in -er
- Galician verbs with c-z alternation
- Galician verbs with c-ç alternation
- Galician transitive verbs
- Galician intransitive verbs
- Galician terms with quotations
- Old Galician-Portuguese adjectives prefixed with en-
- Old Galician-Portuguese adjectives suffixed with -ecer
- Old Galician-Portuguese lemmas
- Old Galician-Portuguese verbs
- Old Galician-Portuguese intransitive verbs
- Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese verbs prefixed with en-
- Portuguese verbs suffixed with -ecer
- Portuguese 4-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese 5-syllable words
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese verbs
- Portuguese verbs ending in -er
- Portuguese verbs with c-ç alternation
- Portuguese transitive verbs
- Portuguese intransitive verbs